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    Ae21 History Computer

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    Deee

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    Ae21 History Computer

    Uploaded by

    Deee
    3 views2 pages

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    AE21 HISTORY COMPUTER

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    3 views2 pages

    Ae21 History Computer

    Uploaded by

    Deee

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    AE21 HISTORY OF COMPUTER

    Computer - programmable electronic device that performs arithmetic and logical


    operations automatically.

    ● First computing device was the Abacus which was invented 4000 years ago by the
    Chinese. It is made of wood that has beads that are used to operate computations.
    ● Napier’s Bone which was made by John Napier which is a calculating tool that
    uses 9 ivory strips that function as the bones and marked with numerals to
    multiply and divide.
    ● Pascaline was invented by Biaise Pascal in 1642 which was the first mechanical
    and automated calculator.
    ● Stepped Reckoner was developed in 1673 by the German mathematician and
    philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who built upon Pascal's original idea.
    Because it employed fluted drums rather than gears, the digital mechanical
    calculator was dubbed the "stepped reckoner."
    ● Analog computers are constructed without any electrical components, using a
    variety of parts such as gears and levers. Analog computing has the benefit that
    creating an analog computer to solve a particular issue can be quite simple.
    ● Digital computers store information in discrete form, which is commonly
    represented as binary digits, or bits, which are sequences of 0s and 1s. It is also
    capable of processing any kind of data in a handful of seconds.
    ● An inventor named Joseph Marie Jacquard, invented a simple loom that uses
    punched wooden cards to automatically weave fabric designs. Those punch cards
    were also used in early computers.
    ● A project named “Difference Engine” made by Charles Babbage that was
    supposed to compute tables of numbers failed due to lack of technology.
    ● The world’s first computer program was made by an English mathematician, Ada
    Lovelace. She made the Bernoulli numbers which are sequences of rational
    numbers often used in computation.
    ● Herman Hollerith established International Business Machines Corporation (IBM)
    which is now a global technology innovator.
    ● Alan Turing made the “Turing Machine” that is capable of computing anything
    that is computable.
    ● John Vincent Atanasoff submits a proposal to build the first electric only
    computer.
    ● Atanasoff and his student Clifford BErry designed the first digital electronic
    computer in the U.S. called ABC (1941)
    ● The transistor was created by Bell Laboratories' Walter Brattain, John Bardeen,
    and William Shockley. They learn how to create an electric switch without a
    vacuum and using solid materials.
    ● The first computer language was created by Grace Hopper and is later referred to
    as COBOL, or COmmon, Business-Oriented Language.
    ● IBM programmers John Backus and his group release a paper outlining their
    recently developed FORTRAN programming language, which stands for
    FORmula TRANslation.
    ● Ethernet is developed by Xerox research staff member Robert Metcalfe to connect
    several computers and other hardware.
    ● On April Fool's Day, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak joined together to form Apple
    Computer. The first computer with a single circuit board and read-only memory, or
    ROM, is introduced as the Apple I.
    ● The utilization of graphics and music on PCs is improved by the Pentium chip.
    ● The first 64-bit CPU for personal computers, the AMD Athlon 64, was made
    available to consumers in 2003.
    ● The Frontier supercomputer is the most potent computer in existence. The
    machine went online in Tennessee's Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility
    (OLCF) in 2022, ushering in the era of exascale computing with a performance
    level of up to 1.102 exaFLOPS.

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