Unit 5-1

Unit 5: Tuning the Neural Networks
1. Which of the following is an advantage of using ANNs for pattern recognition?

a) Ability to learn from large amounts of data
b) Robustness to noise and variations in input
c) Scalability to handle complex tasks
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
2. What is the purpose of cross-validation in ANN training?

a) To evaluate the generalization performance of the model
b) To split the data into training and test sets
c) To perform hyperparameter tuning
d) To split the data
Answer: a) To evaluate the generalization performance of the model
3.What is the primary goal of training an ANN?

a) To minimize the prediction error on the training data
b) To maximize the number of neurons in the hidden layers
c) To achieve 100% accuracy on the test data
d) None of the above
Answer: a) To minimize the prediction error on the training data
4. What is the primary purpose of a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)?

a) Image classification
b) Text generation
c) Reinforcement learning
d) Object detection
Answer: b) Text generation
5. Which of the following is a common optimization algorithm used in ANN training?

a) Gradient Descent
b) Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)
c) Adam
d) All of the above
6. What is the purpose of regularization in ANN training?

a) To prevent overfitting by adding a penalty term to the loss function
b) To increase the model's capacity for learning complex patterns
c) To speed up the training process by adjusting the learning rate
Answer: a) To prevent overfitting by adding a penalty term to the loss function
7. What is the vanishing gradient problem in ANNs?
a) When the gradients become extremely small during backpropagation
b) When the gradients become extremely large during backpropagation
c) When the weights and biases are initialized randomly
Answer: a) When the gradients become extremely small during backpropagation
8. Which type of ANN architecture is used for processing sequential data?

a) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
b) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
c) Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)
d) Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN)
Answer: a) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
9. What is the purpose of dropout regularization in ANN training?

a) To randomly disable neurons during training to prevent overfitting
b) To increase the learning rate for faster convergence
c) To add additional layers to the network for increased capacity
Answer: a) To randomly disable neurons during training to prevent overfitting
10. What is the purpose of the sequence-to-vector architecture in an RNN?

a) To process an input sequence and produce a fixed-length representation
b) To adjust the weights and biases of the network
c) To reduce the dimensionality of the input data
d) To increase the dimensionality of the input data
Answer: a) To process an input sequence and produce a fixed-length representation
11. Which of the following is an advantage of using ANNs for pattern recognition?
a) Ability to learn from large amounts of data
b) Robustness to noise and variations in input
c) Scalability to handle complex tasks
d) All of the above

12. What is the purpose of cross-validation in ANN training?
a) To evaluate the generalization performance of the model
b) To split the data into training and test sets
c) To perform hyperparameter tuning
Answer: a) To evaluate the generalization performance of the model
13. Which type of ANN architecture is commonly used for image classification tasks?
a) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
b) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
c) Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN)
d) Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)
Answer: a) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
14. What is the purpose of weight initialization in ANN training?

a) To set the initial values of the weights and biases in the network
b) To adjust the learning rate during training
c) To compute the gradient of the loss function
Answer: a) To set the initial values of the weights and biases in the network
15. Which activation function is commonly used in the output layer for binary classification
in ANNs?
a) Sigmoid
b) ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit)
c) Tanh (Hyperbolic Tangent)
d) Softmax
Answer: a) Sigmoid
16.The recalled output in pattern association problem depends on?

a) nature of input-output
b) design of network
c) both input & design
d) nature of hidden layer
Answer: c both input & design
17. What is the purpose of learning rate scheduling in ANN training?
a) To adjust the learning rate during training for better convergence
b) To increase the number of epochs for longer training
c) To shuffle the training data between epochs
Answer: a) To adjust the learning rate during training for better convergence
18.Which of the following is a goal of clustering algorithms?

a. Classification
b. Regression
c. Dimensionality reduction
d. Grouping similar data points together
Answer: d. Grouping similar data points together
19. Which of the following techniques can be used to prevent overfitting in ANN training?
a) Dropout regularization
b) L1 and L2 regularization
c) Early stopping
d) All of the above
20. What is the purpose of the bias term in an ANN?

a) To provide a threshold for neuron activation
b) To add an additional feature to the input data
c) To prevent overfitting by adjusting the learning rate
Answer: a) To provide a threshold for neuron activation
21. Which type of ANN architecture is commonly used for reinforcement learning tasks?
a) Deep Q-Network (DQN)
b) Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)
c) Boltzmann Machine
d) Autoencoder
Answer: a) Deep Q-Network (DQN)
22. What is the purpose of momentum in the optimization algorithm used for ANN training?
a) To accelerate the convergence of the algorithm
b) To prevent overfitting by regularizing the model
c) To adjust the learning rate during training
Answer: a) To accelerate the convergence of the algorithm
23. What is the purpose of a validation set in ANN training?

a) To tune the hyperparameters of the model
b) To evaluate the model's performance during training
c) To update the model's weights and biases
Answer: b) To evaluate the model's performance during training
24. Which type of ANN architecture is commonly used for natural language processing
tasks?
a) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
b) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
c) Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)
d) Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN)
Answer: a) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
25. What is the purpose of mini-batch training in ANN training?

a) To update the model's weights and biases after processing a subset of the training data
b) To reduce the computational complexity of the training process
c) To increase the learning rate for faster convergence
Answer: a) To update the model's weights and biases after processing a subset of the training
data
26. What is the main advantage of using deep neural networks compared to shallow neural
networks?
a) Ability to learn hierarchical representations of data
b) Faster convergence during training
c) Lower computational complexity
Answer: a) Ability to learn hierarchical representations of data

Part C
1. State the various strategies for tuning neural networks, and how do they affect the
performance, accuracy, and generalization of the models?
2. How can pattern recognition techniques be applied to the recognition of myocardial
infarction (heart attack), and what insights can be gained from a case study on this
application?
3.Identify the purpose of dropout regularization in ANN training?
4.Explain briefly about post training analysis
5.Refer all the case studies given in the textbook from case study 1 to 5.

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Unit 5: Tuning the Neural Networks

1. Which of the following is an advantage of using ANNs for pattern recognition?

Answer: d) All of the above

2. What is the purpose of cross-validation in ANN training?

3.What is the primary goal of training an ANN?

Answer: a) To minimize the prediction error on the training data

4. What is the primary purpose of a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)?

Answer: b) Text generation

5. Which of the following is a common optimization algorithm used in ANN training?

6. What is the purpose of regularization in ANN training?

Answer: a) When the gradients become extremely small during backpropagation

8. Which type of ANN architecture is used for processing sequential data?

Answer: a) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)

9. What is the purpose of dropout regularization in ANN training?

Answer: a) To randomly disable neurons during training to prevent overfitting

10. What is the purpose of the sequence-to-vector architecture in an RNN?

Answer: a) To process an input sequence and produce a fixed-length representation

Answer: d) All of the above

Answer: a) To evaluate the generalization performance of the model

Answer: a) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

14. What is the purpose of weight initialization in ANN training?

16.The recalled output in pattern association problem depends on?

18.Which of the following is a goal of clustering algorithms?

Answer: d. Grouping similar data points together

Answer: d) All of the above

20. What is the purpose of the bias term in an ANN?

Answer: a) To provide a threshold for neuron activation

Answer: a) Deep Q-Network (DQN)

Answer: a) To accelerate the convergence of the algorithm

23. What is the purpose of a validation set in ANN training?

Answer: b) To evaluate the model's performance during training

Answer: a) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)

25. What is the purpose of mini-batch training in ANN training?

Answer: a) Ability to learn hierarchical representations of data

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