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    Exercise Set 7 F 06 A

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    Said Darya Al Afghani

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    Exercise Set 7 F 06 A

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    Said Darya Al Afghani
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    ExerciseSet7f06a

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    Exercise Set 7 F 06 A

    Uploaded by

    Said Darya Al Afghani

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Exercise Set 7 Math 7200 Due: October 27, 2006

    1. Recall from class that if V is a vector space over a field F and T : V → V is a linear
    transformation, then the vector space V is made into an F[X] module VT by defining
    the scalar multiplication
    f (X)v = f (T )(v).
    (See Examples 12 and 13, Pages 111-112.) For this exercise, we will let F = R, V = Rn
    and T : Rn → Rn will be the R-linear transformation defined by the formula

    T (x1 , x2 , . . . , xn ) = (xn , x1 , x2 , . . . , xn−1 ).

    Answer the following questions concerning the R[X] module VT determined by this
    linear transformation T . Let v = (x1 , x2 , . . . , xn ).

    (a) Compute Xv.

    I Solution. Xv = T (v) = (xn , x1 , x2 , . . . , xn−1 ). J

    (b) Compute (X 2 + 2)v.

    I Solution.

    (X 2 + 2)v = (T 2 + 2I)(v) = (xn−1 + 2x1 , xn + 2x2 , x1 + 2x3 , . . . , xn−2 + 2xn ).

    (c) Compute (X n−1 + X n−2 + · · · + X + 1)v.

    I Solution. (X n−1 +X n−2 +· · ·+X+1)v = (y, . . . , y) where y = x1 +· · ·+xn . J

    (d) If e1 = (1, 0, . . . , 0) and f (X) = a0 + a1 X + · · · + an−1 X n−1 is an arbitrary


    polynomial of degree ≤ n − 1, compute f (X)e1 .

    I Solution. f (X)e1 = (a0 , a1 , . . . , an−1 ). J

    (e) Verify that (X n − 1)v = 0 for all v ∈ V .

    I Solution. Since T n v = v for all v ∈ V , it follows that (X n − 1)v = v for


    all v ∈ V . J

    (f) Show that no nonzero polynomial f (X) of degree < n has the property f (X)v = 0
    for all v ∈ V .

    I Solution. By part (d), it follows that f (X)e1 6= 0 for any nonzero polynomial
    of degree ≤ n − 1. J

    2. Let F = R and let V = R2 .

    (a) If T1 : V → V is counterclockwise rotation about the origin by π/2 radians, show


    that V and {0} are the only R[X] submodules of VT1 .

    1
    Exercise Set 7 Math 7200 Due: October 27, 2006

    I Solution. The R[x]-submodules of VT1 are the T1 -invariant subspaces of V .


    But the subspaces of V (other than V and {0}) are the lines through the ori-
    gin, and rotation of a line through the origin by π/2 radians produces a line
    perpendicular to the starting line. Hence, no such line is invariant under T1 . J

    (b) If T2 : V → V is counterclockwise rotation about the origin by π radians, show


    that every subspace of V is an R[X] submodule of VT2 .

    I Solution. Since rotation of a line through the origin by π radians produces the
    same line (with individual vectors v switched to −v), it follows that all subspaces
    of V are T2 -invariant, and hence every subspace of V is an R[X] submodule of
    VT2 . J

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