Financial Ratios Analysis of Nestle
Financial Ratios Analysis of Nestle
Financial Ratios Analysis of Nestle
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Abstract
Assessment of financial performance and soundness is critical to any company. this gives the
general direction of a firm in assessing its strength and weakness in comparison to other peers in
the industry. Information obtained from financial ratios analysis is important not only to a firm's
manager but also relevant to stakeholders in making informed decisions. This study is an
assessment of Nestle SA company, by adopting financial ratios analysis. The data is obtained
from the company’s financial statements during 4 years. The study indicated that Nestle has a
strong position in its liquidity and profitability, which it has enjoyed in the last four years,
through its management efficiency and a well-reputed in the food and beverage industry.
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Introduction
products and pharmaceuticals among other things. The company was founded in 1866 and has its
brothers George Page and Charles Page when they realized that there were abundant milk
supplies of fresh milk in Switzerland. When they identified this, the two brothers applied
knowledge that they had gained in their homeland to establish its first production facility for
The company currently operates in more than 187 countries and majorly produces various
products such as chocolate products, baby foods, powdered milk, and instant coffee among other
things. Since its foundation, the company has grown systematically with the firm having various
mergers and takeovers. In 1905, the company merged with Anglo-swiss Condensed Milk
Company and later Alimentana SA of Kempttal, Switzerland in 1947 (Britannica, 2020). At the
start of the 20th century, Nestle Company began diversifying its products. In 2002 for example,
the company acquired Ralston Purina and Chef America (frozen-food company. In 2010, the
company managed to enter into the frozen-pizza market through the purchase of Kraft Foods in
the U.S and Canada for about $3.7 billion. In July 2011, the company also agreed to purchase
Hsu Fu Chi International Ltd at a stake of 60 percent for about $1.7 billion. Over the years, the
company has managed to acquire various companies such as Pfizer Inc. and Mead Johnson
Nutrition. Besides, in 2013, the firm announced that it was going to expand its R&D in
Singapore, with a primary aim of creating jobs and enhancing health and nutrition in the region
(Britannica, 2020).
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Ratio analysis or in other terms financial ratios are evidenced to be used in calculating the
profitability and financial position of an organization (Rehman, et al., 2015). During the process
of ratio analysis, the organization concerned usually involves some parties that include the
customers, the management, owners of the firm, suppliers, competitors, and other relevant
parties (AlEisaei and Nobanee, 2020). These individuals are included with a view of applying the
company's financial statements concerning their evaluations. In a study done by Horrigan (1968),
he indicates that ratio analysis has been in existence since the early years and the main reason for
its development was to use the analysis in properties. Over recent times, ratio analysis has been
utilized majorly as a standard tool for analyzing financial statements (Horrigan, 1968). In the 19th
century, the main reason for the use of ratio analysis has been to understand the power of
financial institutions and also the shift in the management of the organization. This means that
ratio analysis was useful in understanding the credit approach and the managerial approach of the
firm concerning how it pays its debts. For example, in a study that was done in the 19th century, it
was found that successful firms have higher ratios as compared to unsuccessful organizations
(Rehman, et al., 2015). In another study, it was seen that the relationship between financial ratios
and capacity to pay indicates the results of ratio analysis and often influence the borrowing
capacity of an organization (Moore, Atkinson, & Ku-berg, 1961). Ratio analysis is also essential
in organizations since it can predict the failure of a firm as early as five years before it collapsed
(Bint-Tariq and Noabnee, 2020). In this way, ratio analysis is a powerful tool that is quite
essential in organizations given that it can be used to evaluate the debt and possible failure of a
In table 1, all data of Nestle company was gathered through yahoo finance. The data was used to
determine the ratios by computing the formulas. The ratios were measured only for the past four
years in which the financial activity of the company is analyzed. This compares how well the
company is doing and which weak spots they should focus on.
Liquidity Ratios
Liquidity ratios analysis gives a company its position on how it can efficiently meet its short-
term obligations. This ratio often determines if a firm can pay its liabilities should they arise at
any given point of time. Under this subsection, we shall analyze three components- Current ratio,
Cash ratio, and Quick ratio and evaluate the position of Nestle Company on its position.
Current Ratio
2019 0.856
2018 0.952
2017 0.892
2016 0.854
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
0.892
0.856 0.854
The current ratio is a parameter that evaluates the company’s ability to meet its short-term
This is obtained by dividing current assets and current liabilities. From the 4-year report, the
company has managed a strong current ratio, which implies its strong position to meet
unpredicted demands of cash. The highest figure was achieved in 2018, which represented that
2019 0.2466
2018 0.2393
2017 0.2383
2016 0.2477
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Cash Ratio
0.25
0.248
0.246
0.244
0.242
0.24
0.238
0.236
0.234
0.232
2019 2018 2017 2016
Cash ratio is another important aspect of evaluating a firm position concerning meeting its short-
term obligations. In this aspect, the cash ratio evaluates the capability of a firm to offset the
short-term obligations with its cash and cash equivalents. This is a stricter parameter because it
emphasizes the firm's meeting short term demands with its most liquid assets- cash and cash
equivalents. Nestle Company has reported fluctuations in its cash ratio structure over the 4 years.
In 2016, it had a better position as compared to the other three years. A higher value implies the
company is better off. 2017 and 2018 recorded the least cash ratio of 23%. However, in 2019, the
company adopted a more focused approach and increased its efficiency by 1%.
Quick Ratio
2019 0.6324
2018 0.7408
2017 0.6415
2016 0.6301
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Quick Rati o
0.7408
0.6415
0.6324 0.6301
Quick ratio assesses the extent to which cash and other currents assets can be readily converted
into cash and meet a company’s short-term obligations. The first year in 2016 reported the lowest
ratio, which implies that it could only meet 0.63 or 63% of its short-term obligations using cash
and current assets. in 2018, the company was at the highest position to convert its cash and
current assets into cash and pay off its cash demands. This shows a positive trend of Nestle
Company, meaning that it can manage its liquidity at any given point in the four years, as well as
Turnover
turnover
Inventory Turnover
Ratio/Year Inventory
Turnover
2019 4.992
2018 5.048
2017 4.957
2016 5.2661
Inventory Turnover
5.3
5.25
5.2
5.15
5.1
5.05
5
4.95
4.9
4.85
4.8
2019 2018 2017 2016
This is an expect used to determine how a company sells its inventory. Inventory turnover is a
strong efficiency indicator of cash flow and the general health o fa business. Higher inventory
turnover in comparison to the industry’s performance can be a good indicator of the overall
health of the business on its sales and efficient purchasing. 2016 reported the highest figure,
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
which implies that the company is good at managing inventory investments and avoids
overstocking. The lower reports from 2017 and 2019 imply that Nestle Company had too many
Ratio/Year Receivables
Turnover
2019 10.1083
2018 10.3426
2017 8.836
2016 8.9579
Receivables Turnover
10.5
10
9.5
8.5
8
2019 2018 2017 2016
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Receivable Turnover
This is the number of times per year, that a company collects its accounts receivables on average.
The ratio is used to ascertain the ability of a firm to issue a credit to its clients and collect funds
from them efficiently. The first two years reported a lower ratio of receivables turnover, but over
the years, the company adopted aggressive collection techniques. Besides, the higher turnover
attained in 2018 implies that the company derived a combination of aggressive collection team
and conservative credit policy, even though the figure decreased slightly in 2019, Nestle
Ratio/ Total
Year Asset
turnover
2019 0.7258
2018 0.6696
2017 0.6912
2016 0.6807
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
This is another activity ratio that evaluates a firm’s ability to use its assets in generating sales
effectively. It is obtained by dividing net sales by average total assets. this ratio ascertains how a
firm efficiently engages its total assets, unlike fixed asset turnover. This aspect evaluates how
much inventory or services are sold per every dollar of the assets used in the period analyzed.
Nestle Company achieved the total asset inventory turnover in 2019, which implies that less
money is required for an investment to generate sales. Low ratios in 21016 and 2018 imply the
firm had a decline in sales and had much investment in fixed assets.
Earned Ratio
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Debt Ratio
0.6
0.58
0.56
0.54
0.52
0.5
0.48
0.46
0.44
2019 2018 2017 2016
20
15
10
0
2 0 19 2 0 18 2 0 17 2 0 16
Debt ratio determines how a firm has liabilities more or less than assets. In this ratio, the
company can recognize if they are putting themselves in a risky situation in case the interest rates
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
were to increase out of a sudden for the loans. Also, it shows how the firm can cover its debts.
As for the time's interest earned ratio, it measures how a company can pay off its debt
responsibilities based on their current profit. Nestle’s time's interest earned ratio has been
decreasing since 2016. However, they reached the highest point in 2017 for the past four years.
0.3
0.25
ROE
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
2019 2018 2017 2016
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
ROA
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
2019 2018 2017 2016
Profit Margin
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
2019 2018 2017 2016
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Profitability ratios
Firms usually use profitability ratios as a way to measure the company’s capability of making a
profit compared to their costs or any other expense during a period. Return on equity, return on
asset, and profit margin is all considered to be types of profitability ratios. Return on equity is
measured by dividing net income over equity to analyze how efficiently a company is making
money from the equity investments. Besides, the return on asset ratio measures the company’s
net income to its total assets. As for Nestle, their return on asset ratio increased the most in 2019.
This is considered to be positive because it shows that the company is earning more money on
less investment. Profit margin, it determines net income to sales in which it evaluates how good
the firm is performing at handling their finances. In 2019, nestle had increased their profit
margin ratio.
Conclusion
Financial ratios analysis gives a true representation of a company’s financial health and
soundness. During the past four years, despite fluctuations in its financial statement and the
economy in general, Nestle Company has achieved efficiency in all its operations. Results from
profitability show how the company has advanced. The company did not make many profits in
2017 as they were spending more on their expenses profile, had huge investments in inventory,
increasing the cost of sales due to low demand for its products. However, 2017 and 2018 they
performed better and have improved in their finance’s management, reducing their debtor’s
collection period and managed their investment in total assets concerning their sales.
NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
References
Britannica. (2020). Nestle SA. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from Encyclopedia Britannica:
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nestle-SA
Horrigan, J. (1968). A short History of financial ratio. The Accounting Review, 43(2), 284-294.
Moore, G., Atkinson, T., & Ku-berg, E. (1961). Risks and returns in small-business financing.
Nestle. (2020). The Nestle Company History. Retrieved May 18, 2020, from Nestle Company:
https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/nestle-company-history
Nestlé Sa (Nsrgy) balance sheet. (n.d.). Yahoo Finance - Stock Market Live, Quotes, Business &
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NESTLE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
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