/

KANAKIA
l:~mNl,llC'v\l .C>IOCLS
~KANAKIA
Reoch ec,c,d Kno..,inQ ~ KIDS

AY 2023-24 GRADE 10

IGCSE END SEMESTER 1 EXAMINATION

Candidate Name: ......... F.f..lf!.. .....H..1!.1-!:: <:: .. :................................ .

School Code: IN656
.
Subject Name: Coordinated sciences
Subject Code: 0654/42
Date: 11/12/2023
Grade 10
Duration: 2 Hours
INSTRUCTIONS
Answer all questions.
• Use a black or dark blue pen.
• Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the lines at the top of the page.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
• Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
• You may use a calculator.
• You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 120
• The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
• The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.
• This document has 28 pages. A blank page is indicated.

Teacher's feedback

. ..~. ·J:;f() .. ...... .... ... ............... ..... ... .. .. .... ......... .. .......... .. .. .... ... .... ...... .... ... ............ .... ..
Physics

Chemistry . . . ... . ..~ .\ .~ ... 2.1:."..'............................................................................ .

Biology .. ~/4.~{Q.~
'-t\/(4,o
.~ ~"f:. :. ....... ................................... ...... ..... .............
Teacher's Signature~

IGCSE END SEM 1/Co-ordinated Sciences/WN/AB/KM/ DECEMBER 2023

School Codu 001~27

f\VJJ I M Y I... I ,aov
C~n- lu l(IUQ l 1'ltUI U J ll01 1.ll ~t' l \ur;I
- :;z;.
KANAKIA INTE ~NATIONAL S CHOO L
G h o i.ko pzu M o n k hur d L fn k '1oort O f:tP IMd lu rt OJI N n o o 1
c 1·111mb v, . M wn,bor ~ooo~s. "'"''"
 2
1 (a) State the balanced equation for photosynthe sis.
6.C02 ... ·*·{.~fa.o.........{¼W~(A,
••······ ... <.i~V\-t ..,.
. .: .... .L6 .. r.l-1.2. . .0., .. ... :+.. .O.zr ........... ............ ••· ··· [21

(b ) A student investigates the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthe sis of an aquatic
plant.

The student counts the number of bubbles produced per minute at different temperature s.

The number of bubbles produced per minute is an indication of the rate of photosynthe sis.

The results are shown in Table 1.1 .

Table 1.1

teri'lperature / 0
c number of bubbles produced per minute
0 . 0
5
6
10
9
15
13
20
16
25
18
30 17
35 9
40 0
(i)

w
State the temperature that resulted in the fastest rate of photosynthe sis. rf'\
·· · · ~ · ·Y',-; ··Y. . ... .. . . .. . . .. . . ... .. . .. .. °C [1]
(ii) Place ticks next to all the statements that explain the results between 0 °C and 1 0 0
c.
The kinetic energy of the particles increases.
.....-
There are more frequent collisions between the substrate and enzyme. I
' i.....-
Fewer substrate molecules fit into the active site of enzymes.
The temperature affects the pH of the enzymes.
The numbe r of bubbles increases as more substrate is produced.
tk v
1b [2]
oY\,~ CDlY '€ U-
fo he.
.s ef;e cJe-d. ·
 3

(iii) Explain the results at 40 °C from Table 1_1_

--~---~ f----%,- -½-o. ·_c. __ ..-_~....:frw.___~-cf.. /.-- ~~- ~-~ ~--

____ :w.~-- ~~--~ ~-~-~-:-1/#..___~_w.ve._~k .. _~..r11 ___ .. - ~ -
. -~--- -~ ....~- -.-t_}:_____w.{f vi.J_ f,$,, _~~ --..~ -..
...1hi:L.. ... d&a.k... .. .. w.t-l!....... _ .... _·-f-&r;;._,..'):~°1)
.. .... .<xAA- -6t-....~ ~--S.. ... - ...... :-: ............ .................................... - Q .
__ _____ [3P
__ .... ___ ______ .. _,, __ _____ __ _.. _.. _____ .. _.... ____ .. _.. __ .. _.. ___ .. _.. _____ ,, __ .. ___ ___ _.. ______ ___ __ ___ .. _______ ,, .. ____ ____
_
(iv) Explain why the light intensity is kept constant during this investigation

.. ~ -.. -~.. -~ ..0..... -~~-_..1 ........ -... - .... .. -~ .. .f)J.t. -flf-d:-~-

,k,..,. .,.~ f . ..... ..... j°i /;,~ 1~" & ,,~, /:(,, , r;J
;.(~.. ..\~Clr. ~_.Sin _-, ..~tMM -~-~ ..ut.r ~ .. ..

-~ - 1 ' - ~ ~- _ -~ ~-S,.. ..~~tl1:~i.4(~-~ -¥ -~ ~..w. -~ i ~ [2] .~ .

[Total: 1OJ

- lo

[Turn over
 4

2 (a) Table 2.1 shows some information about the charges a.nd relative masses of th ree subatomic
particles.

Table 2.1

particle A particle B particle C

charge +1 no charge -1

relative mass 1
1 1
1840

Use the information in Table 2.1 to state the names of particles A, B and C.

particle A ·:····~ D ~ ....... ..... ........... ........................ ......................................... .

3
particle B ... : ..h . ~.......~ ·~_;;,;;;r·················· ································· ························
particle C J)).,-e.
·· ····· ······ ··············· ································································································
[3]
(b) Fig. 2.1 shows a diagram of an atom of magnesium.

nucleus

Fig. 2.1

(i) State why this atom of magnesium has a proton number (atomic number) of 12 and a
nucleon number (mass number) of 24.

proton number of 12 because .. .....i L ~.. h:t.! ...

nucleon number of 24 because , ..'L.l;:.~.....1.~.. ~ ~ r l .. ........ .

...~ , .. , ....1D ..... ..i<.v.ia···4l·······~·~···~···············································[2]

(ii) State the electronic structure of this atom of magnesium.

 5

Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide, MgO.

Magnesium oxide is an ionic compound with a melting point of 2852 °C.

Oxygen reacts with hydrogen to form water, H20.

Water is a covalent compound with a melting point of O°C.

Explain the difference in the melting points of magnesium oxide and water in terms of
attractive forces.

.. .. irnA..OU.... NMi...~ .i.~c...~ ~·~ ·liafleR...o..s .~.r~·5k··········

flectv,o.W,:,.1!1:<.G<-y.lll:llee. ..x"')W.oi"jj....~e ..~ ~ ~ - ( W l i t , ;

~j~.~.,r't.it:...~ .~.H,U..q,.rJN.~.~..........
F'••r·~···i,~(M.i~.~~~.~.fo..b(r.~.(ff.~ ..~f~·i·t.~.~~~ [3]

(d) Magnesium oxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, HCL

Magnesium chloride, MgCl2, is made.

The balanced symbol equation for the reaction is shown.

MgO + 2HCl MgCl 2 + H20

In an experiment, 2.0g of magnesium oxide reacts with excess dilute hydrochloric acid.

Calculate the maximum mass of magnesium chloride that can be made.

Show your working.

[Ar: Cl , 35.5; H, 1; Mg, 24; 0, 16]

2. 0 61 t-{~ Q· ::: .:2 1,- lt;, £. 4 D M...,,.

l'\.-< t--13.C½. - ti Li -{;3&,, o-X, 2-) :.- qr;

mass of magnesium chloride = ..................½

[Total: 11]

[Turn over
 6
. . . efore the player hits the ball.
3 Fig. 3.1 shows a tennis player throwing a ball in the air b
0

Fig. 3.1
(a) The ball has a mass of 56.25g and is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 8.0m/s.

(i) Calculate the kinetic energy o f 7

ball
hime. ecliately after it leaves the player's hand.
~r:- - I ..._
f--.t::, - - t'IA-V
'2..

-::. ...L )') 5'"G .1,; )<. ~2..

!?or) \ c(
kinetic energy" .... ........ c§.:. . . . .. . . . . . J [3]
(ii) The tennis player notices that the ball has a velocity of zero when it reaches its maximum
height. ·
Name the form of energy stored by the ball at its maximum height.

(b) Fig. 3; t~~~;s ;1~;2:::::::~:l:h~~ .[ 1

]

Fig. 3.2

This causes the ball to accelerate at 1600m/s2 .

t
Calculate the force applied to the ball by the racket.

a ::: f:-y.yvv l-
<"'

fhm-:; F x "56-2-6'

%-'lb
--;. ;::
·c 6·. · · · ·
J
force= N [2]
')_/! .. ~ ::;:, p
 7

(c) A student removes one of the nylon strings from the racket to investigate how it deforms
when tensile forces are applied.

Fig. 3.3 shows the equipment used.

a-----nylon string
pointer

mass hanger

Fig. 3.3

The student adds masses to the mass hanger and records the extension of the nylon string.

[Turn over
 8

Fig. 3.4 shows the results from this investig ation.

70
11 t- -- rr· .
- , --+ ++-
60 I

force I N ··1 ,_
.
- -
50
-
40

30 I+ - - - ¥
-
i., ' - - ,
20 I- -
-
"'
I

10
I- - -
- ,-- - - -
0
0 2 3 4 5 6 7

\
extension/ mm

Fig. 3 .4

(i) Use Fig. 3.4 to find the force required to give an extension of 3 mm.

force = ...... .... ...... ......... . ... 3................. N [1]

(ii) State Hooke's law.

.. .. :f:ID.:~···"17 ·····e~.<¼ \....;£.~ ~ ·~ ··w . , g J ·•kJ.~.F.vr.c1t........ .

...~·.or1 i.9,,,...._
U/ .~ ........... ,,....: I { _ - -1.J ,~ L( .., ..-t.-
'.¼>.h::. .... ....v ., r.v,..,.,x'.\ . . ;-:-o.Y.Y(,i(.. :.\A<\ • <£• · ·F~ 'P.m:tr.~ AA~
It;!•• •••• ~ . , . •••. ••••••• . • • [1]

(iii) Describe how the graph in Fig . 3.4 shows that the nylon string does not obey Hooke's
law.

·r:~•· ii, .:"1-...·~··· ~::-;,::+1;:;."'},~

~,~~~···•0'1..~.
.. Tu., .

..!l/.tl!'£t .. crMJlll.fl# .. 6t····~·l"J ~:., ..e " ' . ~•U .. ..dae,,,,.!t ..

.. ?!J.~ .·~···~t ;. .. 1.~"··B g&6/~
.. 0 ' . ~.... . ~ .¼4t:.. ... ..f/i,t:'1}·•~. !f. .. ~.!t.6a«r:. ~~.~ .. ... [2)

[Total: 10)

-
 9

4 (a) A person monitored the concentration of glucose in their blood for 12 hours.

The results are shown in Fig. 4.1 .

concentration
of glucose
in the blood L

I mmol per dm3 l+J.-l--l-~-L-1--1-~ --L-1-.. J.7~...i..

- 4-1--l-~-L
.+-1-~i.i-1-...J..w-+-~ti-1-
.1i--i-+-l:~1-'H+-+4:i~-if-l:+:J1-1-t-+-t+-+1-1-t+-tt-t-~H-t-+t:j:I
~tfittB~li:tl!llH:tl!ilfintiitittiitt!tt!itU!t~a=U$i$1:rn,-
1

2 7

Q ..j..l.JLLLI-J..LL.J+LllI.I-Lill..j...Li...L4...ll.l...L.µL.LL.4LLI..l..-j--1-!-..LI.f..LI...!~u...i...-,--'--'---1
0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
time/hours

Fig. 4.1

(i) The concentration of glu~ose in the blood increases rapidly after a meal is eaten .

Suggest the number of meals the person had during the 2 hours.

···········································.......P. ...... .....................................................................

CD
[1]

(ii) Complete the sentences to explain the results between 2 and 3 hours.

The brain detects an increase in the concentration of glucose in the bloqd.

The .. .............~ .P'!.~../ .... releases insulin.

The insulin stimulat~s th/ ............... H~ ........ to convert glucose to

..............q.~.~p:.:. . ............ and store it. @)
This lowers the concentration of glucose in the blood.
[3]

(c) Name the term used to describe the mechanism that is used to return blood glucose
concentrations to a normal level.

N~W!~ (D 1~1
[Turn over
 10

(d) Glucose is absorbed in the small intestine.

(i) Define the term absorption.

i ~.WJio ...l ~ ............. .

==¥~~~&,:; ~ ~~P.?.,~. ... . ..............- -·
v."t-:v.,~..,.....

.. ... t.~ .. .-..................... .....................'..... [21@ -

(ii) Describe how the small intestine is adapted for efficient absorption .

.."TM..... .....t~:™"'····~ ··Jt:i.4C ..-...~ ······

a.. /j'1f"< 4k.e. ~{U:J.;~ ,.1 ... s. tncn:~+e..ti. """t'-&. 9.\Wl
· · ff·~ · · ~ . .!.........h:.... ..,..~ .,:~ ..Jt ..+a .... ..~ l.~ .....

·~····~·. ~ · zfr.~ ...fM/.Jlilt~ ........-.......................................... [21 @:)

[Total : 11]

ID ·
 11

Petroleum is a fossil fuel.

Petroleum can be separated into useful fractions by fractional distillation.

Fig. 5.1 shows a fractionating column.

cool (25 °C)

- refinery gas

L-gasoline

..,.....,, -naphtha

~-kerosene

.7
•_. . .:-C-
-diesel oil

fuel oil
heated -
petroleum
~-bitumen
hot (350 °C)

Fig. 5.1

(a) Explain why it is possible to separate the s tances in petroleum by fractional distillation .

...& .~ .... ...... .... ............ ...kci.li~···f~i~... .......................

• I
......... ............... .......................................... ............. ........... ... ............................................ .... [1]

(b) Table 5.1 shows the uses of some of the fractions.

Complete Table 5.1 .

Table 5.1

fraction use

refinery gas bottled gas for heating

gasoline fuel (petrol) in cars

naphtha

diesel oil

bitumen

[3]

[Turn over
 12
(c) But ane is a hyd roc arb on fou
nd in the refinery gas fraction
.
Co mp lete Fig . 5.2 to sho w
the structu re of a butane mo
lecule.
Sh ow all the cov ale nt bon
ds.

H B
I I I
-H -----. C - C. - C
I I
H +-I 4-I

Fig . 5.2

(d) Me t~a ne, CH , is als [2]

4 o a hyd roc arb on fou nd in
the refinery gas tract.ion.
Metha ne bur ns in oxy gen
to form car bon dio xid e and
water.
~ uct the bal anc ed sym bol
equ atio n for the bur nin g of
methane.
+-4l.~ ...................:......~9..~ ...+ .
···········~ ·t\.-½ .....
~ ...,.......... ............... .... ... [2]
(e) Wh en me tha ne bur ns , an
exo the rmi c rea ctio n tak es
place.
Sta te wh at is me ant by an
exo the rmi c rea ctio n .

\
(f) T he rea ctio n of hyd rog en
wit h oxy gen to ma ke wa ter
is ano the r exo the rmi c reactio
n.
Loo k at the equ atio n for
this rea ctio n . It sho ws all
the ato ms and all the bonds.

l ~

(i) Pu t a
+H ~

pla ce .
8
+

aro und eac h of the bon

ds wh ich are bro ken whe
n the reaction tak es

[ ]
1
(ii) Exp lain wh y the rea ctio n
of hyd rog en with oxy gen
is exo the rmi c.
Us e ide as abo ut bon d bre
aki ng and bon d ma~
..B:emt. ..
r .
... ro.' X ~:~ ...~ .P>-n... ~t 'M ~ · .'):w...~.44«. ·
..~ ~ :,n... .
£9 .IP .~.~...
.. . .. \t. :. :,:e.l;. . ..... .e ... ..c.t: ..... .
V ...... ..\ Y.\.................................... ........ ·········· ···················· ····· ····· ····· ········.. ········
c2]
[Total : 12]
 13

es listed .
(a) Electricity may be obtained using the sourc

fossil fuels

geothermal

solar

tidal

non-renewable
wind

~tat:;ciht~=~es
I (i)

(ii) State which two of the sources of energ y

a~ ~ t depe nde~t on the Sun.
(l I

\ (b) Man~~~~ ~ : :dl~r~;~~~~~~:~~~::: ····· mole cules ,

.[l]

ces between molecules and the motion of

Explain, in terms of the forces and distan
why steam is able to fill its container.
t.k ......
···~ ····•':!M ....~ .'r ~ ~!Ml f.<, .~, ~i:
.~ ~ -~
····~ · -·~ ···~ ··~ · ·~ ~ --<Y:lfi..M.v.1~ .:~ :r.~
.~,f:la(}'(,,e. ~ - .. -~ ~/.t .f:a ..:...
.,l:t,: -~ -...MJM, .....~ .« . : ~...h-u;.:/:fl2k1
\~-...l:f&.m.... - ~ - . ~ .. &..({ _.... .
...U#:(}:t. .... M4X.~ ....~ - ! ..~: ...1!1!.s. ....:(.{~
..

............. .................... .
.. .J ./:$.........~ % . ~ .:........................................ ........ ........................
.. ........... .... ..... ......... .. ....... ................... [3]
....... ............ .... ...... ........ ... ..........................................

[Turn over
 14

. le a.c. generator.
(c) Fig. 6.1 shows a diagram of a s1mp
coil

a.c. output'
,'1:7---jl---<1

Fig. 6.1

(i) Explain why the generator produces an a.c. output.

... .... ..&v..r-~~·····iJMi.Ch: .. Mflf•·ai. ~~~ ..~-·~-- ~-

.JUX:¤.<!.b:~... . 1-..+.w.:.U:?.~.,._ ..&t!.. el.~~.~((•..bu--l.uff(~.. u.....tw..1.. !Y.~.dl,

. . . . . r. . . . . . .{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
T ..~---··············
.....rt,.. ,,.,.,,,,,~11o,i,

N
-J.t<L ~c.k•'r
............... ..q ... ·ti J.. '-·~
.........lU«.. ~.}_/.,
{/ .."·~........ , .. .. . CJ.¥.~ ',,(f.~.L ..

...~ ~ · ~·····~..r.W: . ...... ..........................

. c(VN\.

. : . : : :: : : :°. :~ -: . . : : . : · ;~;
(ii) On the grid provided in Fig. 6.2, sketch a graph of voltage ou
generator.

You must show at least one full cycle.

voltage
output

Fig. 6.2
[11

[Total: 9]
 15

Fig. 7.1 is a diagram of a cross-section of a leaf.

F
•
E
/./1---- - - A

• 0 •

Fig. 7.1

(a) Identify the letter that repreS'l:lnts the part in Fig. 7.1:

where most photosynthesis takes place .............. .. E.. ... L ..

A·~
which transports water from roots to leaves ................................ .... .. .

which controls gas exchange ...................(:.......

(b) Draw an X on Fig. 7.1 to identify a spongy mesophy~

(c) The part labelled Bin Fig. 7.1 is responsible for translocation.

(ii) Name the two main substances transported by the part labelled B.

5-.. ....k . e.rr.~.....

1 ........... .........................................................................
2 ················•~'t.W ..... .. et:.~ . . .. .....
G)
. . ........ . ... . ............... ..............
2--,
• [2]
 16

(d) Table 7.1 compares the processes of transpiration and translocation.

Place in the boxes to show the correct features of transpiratio n and translocat ion.

Table 7.1

transpiration trans location

transports substances to regions of storage

transports water
movement of substances ·is ·in one direction only
transport is from source to sink

[Total: 9]

(Turn over
 ~l
17
J
chips (calcium carbonate) and dilute
A scientist investigates the reaction between marble
hydrochloric acid.
L
3 of dilute hydrochloric acid.
The scientist uses 20 g of marble chips and 40 cm

The temperature of the acid is 25 °C.

Fig. 8.1 shows the apparatus used.

beaker- - - - - - ;
3
00
0
- t - - - - - 40 cm dilute
hydrochloric acid
- =-~1-:::.....-::::::;;;,,::::=;::::=='==:T
marb le---- c-=-==
chips
' (146.2g) f----- balance

Fig. 8.1

until the reaction stops.

The scientist measures the mass every 20 seconds

The scientist calculates the loss in mass.

Fig. 8.2 shows the results .

0.6

'
H- 1-i- ,,..
0.5 I ' ' '
'
' It H
H-
'' I I
'
0.4

loss in
mass
lg 0.3 '
' '
·- - I

' ' '

- - - - - H
'
0.2 '
I

0.1
-

•T· •· --
+ . - H -
I+ -L
nt
0.0 240
0 40 80 120 160 200 280
time I seconds

Fig. 8.2
 18
(a) (i) Us e Fig . 8 .2 to sta te the
los s in ma ss aft er 40 se nd
co s·

IOS SI·n ma ss-- .... .... .. 0., .... .... . . ........................ 9 (11
\ (ii) Us e Fig . 8.2 to sta te ho
w lon g it tak es for the rea ctio n to sto p.

\b) The scientist does the experiment again. tim e= ·······r·f._··:. . . . . . . nd5 1
seco []
Th is tim e the sci en tist
us es dilu te hyd roc hlo ric
firs t exp eri me nt. aci d wh ich is less conc
entrated tha n in the
Th e rea ctio n is slo we
r.

Ex pla in wh y rea ctio ns

are slo we r wh en rea cta
nts are les s con cen tra ted
.

~ = i: :: :: .i n :: :: li s :n :: :; :: :~ :L
:m...l ~ ....t.AW.S :{~ ....~ . ~ (
l ) - U....
.~. .
..... ~.e.o. ..'T .~ C {, r.: r.~ l ···":( ~:
••••
... l ~ . ~
...¢.lt.'Sr~ ..
(c) tM :.:..... .................... (2]
Ca rbo n dio xid e ga s is
ma de in the rea ctio n .
Sta te the ch e~ ica l tes
t an d its po siti ve res ult
f o ~ e gas
.
tes t .... .... ... f.:.A1:01t ....~
. ...........:......... ............. ..... ......... .........
.............. .......... ..........
res ult .... ... 4.t:vi.L.~..... iMK.M ..... erv.i.,i.~ .....
-·u ............... ........................ .
(d) In thi s ex pe rim en t, Q.4
c21
7 g of car bo n dio xid e
ga s is .m ad e.
Ca lcu lat e the vo lum e
oc cu pie d by 0.4 7 g of
car bo n dio xid e ga s.
Th e mo lar ga s vo lum
e at 25 °C is 24 dm 3 .
Sh ow yo ur wo rki ng .
. -
(Ar : C , 12; 0 , 16 ]
u,' l-: :. 1'2- +-Q6x-Z..) .._ ½4 ·
"'- -: -M 1- IV Ji ~
0-1710682-..'2.<-, .
t-- -\~

(Tu rn ov er
 19
.
9 is part of the electromagnetic spectrum
Visible light is a transverse wave and
e wave .
(a) State what is meant by a transvers
:1. .. ....!.~:-#..~..~'!'.~.~ .•:111~ .....~'f!c. - MCi~.~~:'l~. .-,..·
1 . ..

..,.~ '.~ .... :k£l.lJ.€.l6~~······~ ~i.M..q./'

.[1]
.%. ve.~....~.J.cµ,.llO.W. ..fX~J);W.Cl/.! ...l:o.~ ..Qjj.Ye.cli.Ou. ..
into a rectangular glass
light from a torch (flashlight) shin ing
(b) Fig. 9.1 shows a ray of visible
block.

glass
air

Fig. 9.1
block. [2]
the ray takes through and out of the
(i) Complete Fig. 9.1 to show the path
it enters the glass

L.
what happens to the ray of light as
(ii) State the term used to describe

\ bl~Cb~ •

(iii) Explain why this happens to the

ray of light.

...« ~.~U, .W. ..,.. 1~ ;·~

;K- .
·~: e.~ ~. .; .4a.;,,
[1]

.B£.~ ...\f. ..
....... .................. .....................
. [1]
.~.... ..fu. ~ ... ... ,tM1P.( ..

\
 20

. . ·t sed in the torch.

(c) Fig. 9.2 shows the electncal Cirelli u

-r

T ©-
L----

Fig. 9.2

When the switch is closed , the current in the lamp 1s 1.

. SA d the potential difference across
an
the lamp is 3.0V.

Calculate the power output of the lamp.

P-:i VL.
o, o \. €'.

(d) Fig g 3 shows tw:lam:~ i:ntical to the to::~:~P,'~~n~::~ .... ,......... W [2]

Fig. 9.3

(i) When the switch is closed, the ammeter reads 2.6A.

State the current in each lamp.

(ii) Calculate the quanUty of charge passi:~~:~~:g~

switched on for 30 seconds.
-~:~ =~~:i.i:~
Give the correct unit for your a~

,-~
& = .u-
~~ x30

chargy @ . ..-.'................... u n i t = - ~
/ [Total: 11]

[Turn over
 21

10 (a) The blood groups of some people are recorded.

Fig. 10.1 shows the results.

40 L-
. - HH
35

30
- - -
25 - -,
I..L -- .!-
number of -l--
:J"..
people
20 '-- ... + -T
15 -
-
,.
10 --- -- ..

5
--
0 0
A AB B
blood group

Fig. 10.1

(i) State the total number of people who had their blood group recorded. CD
····························!·~··· ·:···········~ ························································ [1]
(ii) Describe the evidence in Fig. 10.1 that shows blood group is an example of discontinuous

variation.

(iii) Complete this sentence about discontinuous variation.

Discontinuous variation is mostly caused by ........~ ········· alone.

(iv) Name one example of continuous variation in humans .

............................... ..........:...............................···································· ···· ...l (Dl1J .

 22
(b) Blo od co ntains fou
r main co mp on en ts.
Th e bo xe s on the lef
t sh ow the co mp on en
ts of blood•
Th e boxe s on the rig
ht sh ow the fun cti on s
of ea ch co mp on en t.
Dr aw lin es to lin k ea
ch co mp on en t wit h its
function.
co mp on en t
function
pl as ma
antibody production

platel et
blood clotting
- - -- -- -- ,
red blo od ce ll
tra ns po rt of ions, solub
le nutrients and horm
ones

w hit e blo od ce ll
• transport of oxygen
_
',. .,....
(c) De sc rib e tw o wa ys the
str uc ture o red blood cell is adap
ted to its function .

[Total : 10]

\0

[Tu rn ov er
 23
ic Table.
nt in Gro up I of th e Pe riod
So diu m , Na , is an ele me
stru ctu re 2.8 .1.
So diu m has the ele ctro nic
sod ium ion s, Na +.
(a) So diu m ato ms can form
chl orid e ion s, cz-.
Ch lori ne ato ms can form
ion and a chl orin e ato m
of ele ctro r1s, how a sod ium ato m for ms a sod ium
De scr ibe , in term s
form s a chl orid e ion .
... ~ ~ ~ ~ ·····
....!.t-...B7.f.P..ee....+~c#. .....
... ...
sod ium ato m
...~ ~
····· ······ · ························
.. .....lo ... .... ....0... ..C.O.¥W !: ....
. ,
..~ .e.ch,.QV\: ..fo ..
.. ...Ul . . ... .. .
chl orin e ato m .. . \J ....')~ (?Q .t.~ ... M
.......... ......... .
..... ..... .... .................... ............................. .......... ......... ..... [1]
... ..:....................

ion ic bon ds wit h chl orid e

ion s, cz-.
(b) So diu m ion s, Na , form
4

chl orid e ion s .

ds form bet we en sod ium ion s and
De scr ibe how ion ic bon
... l~.... .~ .
.To. M·.e... .. p .~. ..1.fµ,f.J .... .. ...e.N.im.

~ ~ ·~ ·%-~~'4. i.. • .... t ~...~ .&kt-e, ..Q! e.. d~ ...

~-!w)e.e,. .~
....
f:2]
) ~ f - k .~M -D .d. k..~
io..O!...~ .~ .i.1P.0., . .£D..b.oi.-:¼... ~ . q

is ano the r ion ic, com pou,.nd.

(c) Solid alu.min ium chl..orid e --
chl orid e ion s, cz -.
s alu min ium ion s, A l + , and
3
Alu min ium chl orid e con tain
alu min ium chl orid e .

\
De term ine the form ula of
............... .......... ....................................
f1J
.................... ..... Ai. ..tL3 .......... ..........
 24

( d) Fig. 11 .1 shows the apparatus used to extract a Ium inium from alumin ium ore.

--- --- --~ +

carbon anode

steel case

carbon cathod e

molten alumini um

Fig. 11.1

Describe how alumin ium is extract ed from alumini um ore.

Include the starting materia ls and the essential reaction conditio

ns .
,
..Ea.u•?:,~}£ ..i.l'l..i.~.r.'.l.'11!9'.'RffW.~ .. :~ ..l : l ~ ~

s
/Y.\ .. .. R~~., ..T.vu.j...k.!.~.f.AA+. .~"'-u. ...
t'l'\.4&l-t.
·········· JJ .n .. .,..:: .,,,.J
········· ·~ ' U. 11
·'w..,?l- ~. . .W1r.'.':' A ·1tto
.. ,.'~v...... .. .~ -.,n
.,c,-. ./.~-f ,..i .. 11,q_d.
..-.x ... .. . ...Ip.Ii·t· ~r:i'
."-'.'((· 'cj·
.L. . . . . f-v.{U,h'
.
1
Jci.":':-k.,-..it..!{ ..M.al:~..~.M.2t~.t,hn.1t,~··e.eu ...~ .:.~ ·~ ..i.~.~ «.~~ --
.iP¼L..... ..·~ -~ -1ct. ~~..ffJ.k .t.aJ:v.i.e...~~-W °UM-. . ittr"r.L ~.fl'Y: e .[3]
I

(e) Coppe r is extract ed from copper ore by heating the cofi)per

ore with Ci=irbon.
• • I
•

The equatio n for the reactio n is shown.

2Cu0 + C 2Cu + CO
2
C arbon is the reducin g agent in this reactio.n.

Define, in terms of electro ns, what is meant by the term reducin

g agent.

.1/.(due.:,r .--~
\ ::r.UtMJ.~ ....i ....
--h k ---~ ---. w.w.-~- ~
... J:f ..:fu:~...CA.. ..~ & . ~ ... ~ f . . ~ .. : ........... ...... [1]
--""'·"'········

[Total: 8]

[Turn over
 25

12 Fig. 12.1 shows a speed-time graph for a train.

30
speed
m/ s

5..n:1mmmr:1+1:m+1++++H-r1
1. H-H-Hitttm
- i.,!., 1

0
0 50 100
time/s
150 200
j
Fig. 12.1

(a) Use Fig. 12.1 to calculate the distance travelled by the train in the first 100 s.

-;:- _!.,._6),..V\..•
Z--

~J_ x /01? 'I- w...,

1
-c?'- ;,,,_ . distance= ......... .. :.......... ......... m [2]
500

(b) Use Fig. 12.1 to calculate the acceleration of the train from Os to 100 s.
Cl::= V-Ll

acceleration= ......................({.~..!................... m/ s2 [2]

(c) Use Fig. 12.1 to describe the motion of the train from 100 s to 200 s.

™'.:iw.li..lHf~ilr.!!Jr...~ ··"°··/.Wa ...O'i.'ldl.

<]/ . ..
"'f""~-lr~········
¼.\'h ....if. .. ../M:.. .. 7•~··-f"··61/.R. 1'-'-- !@,1fo....
:~:q:, : ::

j
 26

(d) Fig. 12.2 shows the forces acting on the train when it is travelling at constant
speed.

1.96 x 106 N

_P_ _--1 IT]rn

o O!)--- ---.- ----~o o
rnc::n 1---_2_ .6~0X 10 N
4

1.96 x 106 N

Stat~:• :a:n: ~d:ofth~~,~ ;

Fig. 12.2

(i)
6 . ... . . 111
(ii) Calculate the mass of the train.

The gravitatio nal field strength on Earth, g, is 1ON/ kg.

1,°tb y../06.

\
W-::-

-=- w;ei9t± '.0

1-,<Ml'::J
-- l °I b 0750
mass= .............. .. .J.?f..f?. .. ..O..Ll ..-............ kg [1]
(e) The train is made of steel painted dark grey.

On sunny days, the inside of the train can get very hot.

Explain why painting the train white would reduce the heating effect.

.... //JN!J: ...~.lo• ,,..&.i...... ~1..!lt !. ....hol.li'..tr - ~ ' . f . . ~8 .~ ' . I . . ..

.......~ M... .... ~ ····o/X~ .. .-.. .... .............. ....... .............. .............................. [1]

[Total : 10]