Lab 7 Non Linear Behaviour of Diode

EXPERIMENT 07 NONLINEAR BEHAVIOUR OF DIODE
Objectives
1. The goal is to understand the testing of solid-state conventional diode using digital meter.
2. To understand the working of solid-state conventional diode in Forward bias mode and in Reverse bias
mode.
Equipment Required
Diode, Variable Power supply, Multimeter, Resistor, Proto Board.
Lab Instructions
 This lab activity comprises of three parts: Pre-lab, Lab Exercises, and Post-Lab Viva session.
 The students should perform and demonstrate each lab task separately for step-wise evaluation
(please ensure that course instructor/lab engineer has signed each step after ascertaining its
functional verification)
 Only those tasks that completed during the allocated lab time will be credited to the students.
Students are however encouraged to practice on their own in spare time for enhancing their
skills.
Lab Report Instructions

All questions should be answered precisely to get maximum credit. Lab report must ensure following
items:
 Lab objectives
 Results (graphs/tables) duly commented and discussed
 Conclusion
Part 1 -Familiarize yourself with diode

Introduction:
Most modem· day digital MultiMeter can be used to determine the operating condition of a diode. , They
have a scale-denoted by a diode symbol that will indicate the condition of a diode in the forward
and reverse-bias regions. If connected to establish a ‘forward bias condition the meter will display the
forward voltage across the “diode ' at ' a current- level typically in the neighborhood of 2 rnA. If
connected to establish a reverse-bias condition an "OL” should appear on the display to support the open-
circuit approximation frequently applied to ‘this region. -If the meter does not have the diode-checking
capability the condition of the diode can also be checked by obtaining some measure of the resistance
level in the forward and reverse-bias region. Both techniques for checking diode will be -introduced in -
the first part of the experiment. The current-volt characteristics of a silicon or germanium diode have the
general shape shown in Fig. 2.1. Note the change in scale for both the vertical and horizontal axes.
In the reverse-biased region the reverse saturation currents are fairly constant from 0 V to the Zener
potential. In the forward-bias region the current quite rapidly with increasing diode voltage. Note that the
curve is rising almost vertically at a forward-biased voltage of less than 1 V. 'The forward-biased diode
current will be limited solely by the network in which the diode is connected or by the maximum current
or the power rating of the diode.
Fig 2.1
Part 1 – Testing of diode using Digital Multimeter

Testing ordinary diode using a digital Multimeter
To check an ordinary silicon diode using a digital Multimeter, put the Multimeter selector switch in the
diode check mode. Connect the positive lead of Multimeter to the anode and negative lead to cathode of
the diode. If Multimeter displays a voltage between 0.6 to 0.7, we can assume that the diode is healthy.
This is the test for checking the forward conduction mode of diode. The displayed value is actually the
potential barrier of the silicon diode and its value ranges from 0.6 to 0.7 volts depending on the
temperature.
Now connect the positive lead of Multimeter to the cathode and negative lead to the anode. If the
Multimeter shows an infinite reading (over range), we can assume that the diode is healthy. This is the
test for checking the reverse blocking mode of the diode.
Part 2 –Working of Diode in Forward & Reverse Biasing
Lab Tasks-Part-2
Lab task 1: Forward Bias
Fig 2.2
Procedure:
Assemble the circuit on proto board of diode, resister and variable power supply in series as given below.
a. Construct the network in Fig 2.2 with the supply (E) set at 0 V. Record the measure value of
resistor.
b. Increase the supply voltage until VR reads 0.1 V. Then measure VD and insert its voltage in Table
2.1. Calculate the value of the corresponding current ID.
VR 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 2 3

VD
ID=
VR/ R
Table 2.1
VR 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
VD
ID= VR/
R
c. Sketch the waveform of the voltage across the diode and the current across the diode. This step
will develop the characteristic curve of solid state conventional diode.
GRAPH:
Fig 2.3
Lab Task 2: Reverse Bias
Fig 2.4
Assemble the circuit on proto board of diode, resister and variable power supply in series as mention
above.
a. In Fig 2.4 reverse bias condition has been established. Since the reverse saturation current will be
relatively small, a large resistance of 1MΩ is required if the voltage across the resistance is to be of
measurable amplitude. Record the measurable value of R.
b. Measure the voltage VR . Calculate the reverse saturation current from I s=VR(RM||R). The internal
resistance of DMM (RM) is included because of the large amplitude of resistance R. A typical value of
10 MΩ is taken.
RM =
VR ( measured) =
Is ( calculated) =
Sample Viva Questions

1. Is it possible to calculate the resistance of diode, if yes how? If no, why?
2. Voltage drop across diode is 0.7 were does extra voltage goes.
3. Is it possible that a resistor get burned? If not how.
Critical Analysis / Conclusion

Lab 7 Non Linear Behaviour of Diode

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EXPERIMENT 07 NONLINEAR BEHAVIOUR OF DIODE

Lab Report Instructions

Part 1 -Familiarize yourself with diode

Part 1 – Testing of diode using Digital Multimeter

VR 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 2 3

Sample Viva Questions

3. Is it possible that a resistor get burned? If not how.

Critical Analysis / Conclusion

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