LESSON GUIDE

TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 7

(AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY ARTS)
QUARTER II – WEEK 2

I. Attributes, Curriculum Content, Standards, and Lesson Competencies

A. Attributes Key Stage 1. Critical Thinker and Articulate: Be able to

Outcome (Indicator) inquire, investigate and convey ideas
systematically (Tests Hypothesis to validate
ideas, explain, validates and analyzes

2. Environmental Steward: Be able to participate

in preserving the environment including
managing resources (Initiates environmental
advocacies)
B. Content Standard Demonstrate an understanding of the concepts and
skills in agri-crops and animal production.
C. Performance The learners perform agricultural practices in crop
Standard production based on industry standards.
D. Learning Learning Competencies:
Competency and 1. differentiate agricultural tools, implements, and
Objectives equipment (TL7Q2LC2-A5KS3I2)
2. identify different tools and equipment used in
agriculture (TL7Q2LC3-A5KS3I2)
3. discuss safety procedures in farm operations
(TL7Q2LC4-A3KS3I3)
Objectives:
1. Identify appropriate farm tools according to
requirements/use.
2. Define and differentiate agricultural tools,
implements and equipment used in agricultural
production
3. Apply the step-by step procedure in farm
operation.
E. Content Agricultural Tools, Implements, and
Equipment
• agricultural tools, implements, and equipment
and their uses
• precautionary measures
• safety procedures in using tools and equipment

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F. Learning Resources 1.K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology
and Livelihood Education Learning Module
2.https://mahtabrasheed.wordpress.com
G. References • MATATAG Curriculum Guide
• Bangsamoro Basic Education Curriculum
Framework

I. Teaching and Learning Procedures

A. ACTIVITY

Activity 1.1

Write the terms in manila paper, cartolina and let the students read and
familiarize it.
Equipment - powered tool machine used in farming
Farm implements - accessories pulled by animals or mounted on a
machinery to make the work easier
Hand tools - objects that are usually light and are used without the help of
animals and machines
Preventive maintenance - an activity or operation done to prevent
malfunction of tools and equipment and prolong the useful life of tools and
equipment
Repair - to restore to good condition something broken or damaged

Activity 1.2 Picture Analysis

Activity 2

Picture A Picture B

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 B. Analysis

Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1. Study the picture shown. What do you see on the pictures given?
2. Do you have any idea on the tools, implements and equipment that were
shown on the pictures?
3. How does these tools help the activities of the people?
4. What is the relevance of the given activity in our lesson today?

C. ABSTRACTIONS

Instructions: Read and understand the following concepts.

FARM TOOLS IN HORTICULTURAL OPERATION

Farm tools, implements, and equipment play very important role in
horticultural operations. Their availability makes the work much easier and
faster. However, even if one may have the most sophisticated tools and
implements, but does not know how to use them, they are useless. In order
to do horticultural operations successfully, one must have a good working
knowledge of the tools, implements and equipment before using them.

Hand Tools
Hand tools are usually light and are used without the help of animals or
machines.
They are being used in performing farm activities which involve small areas
like school garden and home garden
Examples:
Bolo is used for cutting tall
grasses and weeds and chopping
branches of trees.

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Crowbar is used for digging big
holes and for digging out big
stones and stumps.

Pick-mattock is used for digging

canals, breaking hard topsoil and
for digging up stones and tree
stumps.

Grab-hoe is used for breaking

hard topsoil and pulverizing soil.

Spade is used for removing trash

or soil, digging canals or ditches,
and mixing soil media.

Shovel is used in removing trash,

digging loose soil, moving soil from
one place to another and for
mixing soil media

Rake is used for cleaning the

ground and leveling the topsoil.

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Spading fork is used for loosening
the soil, digging out root crops and
turning over the materials in a
compost heap.

Light hoe is used for loosening

and leveling soil and digging out
furrows for planting

Hand trowel is used for loosening

the soil around the growing plants
and putting small amount of
manure fertilizer in the soil.

Hand cultivator is used for

cultivating the garden plot by
loosening the soil and removing
weeds around the plant.

Hand fork is used for inter row

cultivation.

Pruning shears is for cutting

branches of planting materials and
unnecessary branches of plants.

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Axe is for cutting bigger size post.

Knife is for cutting planting

materials and for performing other
operations in horticulture

Sprinklers are used for watering

seedlings and young plants

Water pails are used for hauling

water, manure and fertilizers

Sprayers it is for spraying

insecticides, foliar fertilizers,
fungicides and herbicides

Wheel barrow is used for hauling

trash, manures, fertilizers,
planting materials and other
equipment.

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Sickle is a hand-held agricultural
tool with a variously curved blade
typically used for cutting weeds.

Farm Implements
These are accessories which are being pulled by working animals or mounted
to machineries (hand tractor, tractor) which are usually used in the
preparation of land. These are usually made of a special kind of metal.
Examples are:
1. Plows. These are farm implements used in horticultural operations
either pulled by a working animal or a tractor. The plow is specifically
used for tilling large areas, making furrows and inter-row cultivation.
Plows pulled by working animals are made of either a combination of
metal and wood or pure metal. They are used to till areas with a
shallower depth than that of the disc plows which are pulled by tractors.

Native plow Disc plow

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 2. Harrow. The native wooden harrow is made of wood with a metal teeth and
pulled by a carabao while the disc harrow is made of metal mounted to a
tractor. Harrows are used for tilling and pulverizing the soil.

Native wooden harrow Disc harrow

3. Rotavator. The rotavator is an implement attached to a tractor and used for

tilling and pulverizing the soil

COMMON FARM EQUIPMENT

These are machineries used in horticultural operations especially in vegetable
production. They are used in land preparation and in transporting farm
inputs and products. This equipment needs a highly skilled operator to use.
Hand tractor is used to pull a plow and harrow in preparing a large area of
land.
Four wheel tractor is used to pull disc plow and disc harrow in preparing
much bigger area of land.
Water pumps are used to draw irrigation water from a source.

Hand Tractor Four Wheel Tractor

Water Pump
Courtesy of Alcala Rural School

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PROCEDURES IN FARM OPERATION

Crop Selection • Comparative pricing of different

crops. For some crops
government releases prices of the
crop at the time of seeding.
• Market demand and sale
potential of the crop.
• Budget required for the
cultivation of each crop.
• Feasibility of the crop considering
climate and quality of land.
• Crop productivity compared with
other alternatives.

Land Preparation • Effects of any disease from the

previous cultivation and steps
needed to minimize this impact.
• Fertilizers needed to bring land to
its normal fertility depending
upon the previous crops and
fertilizer used.
• Layout and design of the field
with respect to crop for efficient
irrigation.
• Latest techniques for leveling the
fields and their cost.

Seed Selection • Price and quantity needed per

acre
• Average yield and sprout to sown
ratio.
• Suitability to particular area and
climate.
• Water requirement.
• Resistance to diseases.
• Location of distribution offices for
the seed

Seed Sowing • Appropriate time to sow the seed.

• Optimal weather conditions at
sowing time.
• Best method for the sowing of
seeds.
• Seed sowing depth.

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Irrigation • Critical time for irrigation.
• Amount of water to be given to
the plants.
• Frequency of irrigation.

Crop Growth • Number of plants per unit of

area. At times more than
optimum number of seeds
sprouts are planted in a given
area. Farmers must reduce
density for healthy growth of
plants.
• Average growth rate of the crop in
normal conditions.
• Comparison of crop growth rate,
leaf size, crop color etc. with
expected growth for given
conditions and input.
• Interventions needed to maintain
expected growth.
• Frequency, quantity and method
for fertilization.
• Proper time, frequency and
method for plowing.
• Proper time, frequency and
method for weeding.
• Expected pest and virus attacks,
symptoms of such attacks,
precautionary measure that can
be taken in advance to avoid
these attacks, immediate actions
including pesticide to be used to
kill pests and viruses, quantity of
pesticide to be used per
acre, most effective method for
pesticide spray, avoid health
issues related to pesticide spray.
Harvesting • Proper time and method for
harvesting.
• Comparative market rates.
• Proper crop storage.
• Cost of transportation.

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The steps are also shown in Fig.1.

Fig.1.https://mahtabrasheed.wordpress.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/11/pcpng

D. APPLICATION Think-pair-repair

Procedures:
1. Group your students in pair.
2. Prepare a buzzer or any objects that can create sound as your bell
3. Show pictures of farm tools, implements and equipment to your
students.
4. In 5 seconds, allow them to answer.( Give the name and uses of each
pictures being shown).
5. The pair who will get the highest score will be the winner and will have
a reward.

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III. Evaluation

Instructions: Read the questions carefully and select the best answer. Write
only the letter of your choice on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is an example of a digging tool?

a. Bolo
b. Crowbar
c. Grub hoe
d. Pruning shear

2. Which tool is used for cutting grass?

a. Shovel
b. Bolo
c. Crowbar
d. Mattock

3. What tool does NOT belong to the group?

a. Crowbar
b. Mattock
c. Shovel
d. Pruning shear

4. Farm tools are very important in pre-horticultural operations because

they __________
a. make work easier
b. make work faster
c. save time and effort
d. all of the above

5. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other pointed at right
angles to its handle is a ________________.
a. mattock
b. crowbar
c. bolo
d. spade

6. Which tool resembles the appearance of a spoon and is used for

transferring soil?
a. Spade
b. Shovel
c. Spading fork
d. Grub hoe

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 7. What implement is being pulled by a working animal to till the land?
a. Harrow
b. Native plow
c. Disc plow
d. Disc harrow

8. An implement attached to a tractor that is used to pulverize the newly

plowed soil is a_____________.
a. trailer
b. disc harrow
c. native plow
d. disc plow

9. An open container with a single wheel at the front and two handles at
the back used to transport things is a____________.
a. hand tractor
b. tractor
c. basket
d. wheel barrow

10. Which of the following tools is used to harvest crops?

a. Knife
b. Plow
c. Spade
d. Basket

ANSWER KEY (EVALUATION)

1. D
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. A
6. A
7. A
8. A
9. A
10. A

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