34 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS

Single Choice Questions

1. Which of the following salt on heating with concentrated sulphuric acid gives violet vapours?
a) Iodide salt b) Nitrate salt c) sulphate salt d) Bromide salt
2. The Salt of which of the following metal givs blue colour in borax bead test?
a) Fe b) Ni c) Co d) Mn
3. H 2 S and SO2 gases can be distinguished by
a) Litmus paper b) Lime water c) Lead acetate paper d) HCl
4. Salts of which of the following metal are white?
a) Zinc b) Cobalt c) Chromium d) Fe
5. Which of the following salt is used in borax bead test?
a) K 2CO4 Al2  SO4 3 .24 H 2O b) Na2 B4O7 .10 H 2O
c) CaSO4 .2 H 2O d) None of these
6. A glassy bead formed by heating borax on a platinum wire loop is
a) Sodium tetraborate b) Sodium metaborate
c) Sodium metaborate and boric anhydride d) Boric anhydride and sodium tetraborate.
7. A minute quantity of cupric salt is heated on borax bead in reducing flame of bunsen burner ; the colour
of bead after cooling will be
a) Blue b) Brown red c) Colourless d) Green
8. A salt made of bi-bivalent ions X and Y each of which is capable of decolourising acidified KMnO4 . The salt
is likely to be
a) Ferric oxalate b) ferrous oxalate c) Ferrous sulphate d) Stannic chloride.
9. In the dry heating tests a certain colourless salt gave fumes of hydrochloric acid gas? The salt is likely to
be
a) KCl b) ZnCl2 .H 2O c) Hg 2Cl2 d) BaCl2
10. Certain inorganic salt, when introduced in falme produces crimson red colour. It indicates the presence of

a) Diichromate ion b) Thiosulphate c) Strontium d) Calcium

11. No Characteristic flame test is given by
a) BaCl2 b) CaCl2 c) NaCl d) BeCl2
12. A compound ‘X’ os white, amphoteric solid. It becames yellow on heating but again becomes white on
coolling. Compound ‘X’ is
a) Cao b) Al2O3 c) As2O3 d) None of these
13. An oxalate salt gives which of the following gas in dry heating test
a) CO  CO2 b) only CO2 c) only CO d) Oxalic acid vapours.

14. The evolution of SO2 gas from dry heating test can be recognised by
a) its pungent smell b) its ability to decolouriese KMnO4
c) its ability to turn dicromate gpaper green d) all the above factors.
15. The salts of which of the following elements are generally dark green coloured ?
a) Chrmium b) copper (I) c) Barium d) Coblt.
More then One Choice Questions
16. Which of the following salts are black in color
a) Pbs b) Cus c) Bi2 S3 d) HgS
 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 35
17. Which of the following salts are orange in colour
a) Sb2 S3 b) PbS c) Sb2 S5 d) All of the above.
18. Which of the following salts are white in colour
a) PbCl2 b) Pb  OH  2 c) AgCl d) Ag 2O
19. Which of the following anion gives colourles gas during preliminary test.
a) SO32  b) S 2 c) NO2 d) CH 3COO 
20. Which of the following cations precipitates as their chlorides.
a) Pb 2 b) Ag  c) Hg 22 d) Cd 2 
ASSERTION-REASONING
Code
(A) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for Statement – 1.
(B) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement –
1.
(C) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is False.
(D) Statement – 1 is False, Statement – 2 is True.

21. Statment 1 : Green edged flame test is meant for testng borate ion.
Statement 2 : Green edged flame is due to burning of sodium borate.
22. Statement 1 : SO4 2  ions in the salt are not decomposed by dil. H 2 SO4
Statement 2 : Conc. H 2 SO4 decompose sulphates to give SO2 gas
23. Statement 1 : Moistened ammonium salts give the smell of ammonia on rubbing between the fingers.
Statement 2 : Ammonium salts give ammonia on heating with conc. NaOH
24. Statement 1: O.S. for basic radicals cannot be prepared in conc. H 2 SO4

Statement 2 : Conc. HNO3 is oxidising acid.

25. Statement 1: CdS and As2 S3 both have yellow colour..

Statement 2 : CdS and As2 S3 can be separated by yellow ammonium sulphide.
.
ANSWERS

1. A
2. C
3. C
4.A
5.B
6.C
7.C
8.B
9.B
10.C
11.D
12. D
13. A
14. D
15. A
16. A,B,D
 36 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
17. A,C 18. A, B,C
19. A,B,D
20. A,B,C
21.C
22. C
23.B
24. D
25. B

HINTS
KI  H 2 SO4  HI  KHSO4
1.
(Conc)

HI  H 2 SO4  I 2   SO2  H 2O
(Violet vapour )

B2O3  CoO  Co  BO2  2

2.
Blue bead
3. Lead acetete paper
Pb  CH 3COO  2  H 2 S  PbS  2CH 3COOH
4. Zinc because it has no unparied electrons
5. The salt which gives borax bead best is the Borax Na2 B4O7 . 10H 2O
6. Na2 B4O7 

 NaBO2  B2O3
7. Blue colour
8. FeC2O4  Fe 2 & C2O42 
9. It undergoes hydrolysis
10. Stropim gives crimsion red colour in the test
11. BaCl2
12. ZnO is yellow when hot and white when cold

13.

14.

15. Chromium
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 37
LEVEL – I
MODEL QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following gives foul smelling gas with smell of rotten eggs with dil H2SO4 ?
(a) CO32 (b) SO23  (c) S2- (d) NO2

2. Mn2+ + PbO2 + conc. HNO3   Pink colour is due to

(a) HMnO4 (b) Pb(NO3)2 (c) Mn(NO3)2 (d) H2MnO4

3. Which of the following are soluble in aqua regia ?

(a) HgS (b) NiS (c) CoS (d) all of the above

4. A substance on treatment with dil H2SO4 liberates a colourless gas which produces (i) turbidity with baryta
water and (ii) turns acidified dichromate solution green. The reaction indicates the presence of
a) CO32 (b) S2 (c) SO23  (d) NO2

5. [X] + H2SO4  [Y] a colourless gas with irritating smell

[Y] + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4  green solution
[X] and [Y] is
(a) SO23  , SO2 (b) Cl, HCl (c) S2, H2S (d) CO32 , CO2
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
6. When a mixture of solid NaCl, solid K2Cr2O7 is heated with conc. H2SO4, orange red vapours are obtained
of the compound
(a) Chromous chloride (b) chromyl chloride (c) Chromic chloride (d) Chromic sulphate

7. Which one of the following anions is not easily removed from aqueous solutions by precipitation
(a) Cl (b) NO3 (c) CO32 (d) SO24

8. An aqueous solution contains the ions as Hg22  , Hg2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+. The addition of dilute HCl(6N)
precipitates
(a) Hg2Cl2 only (b) PbCl2 only (c) PbCl2 and HgCl2 (d) Hg2Cl2 and PbCl2

9. Which compound does not dissolve in hot dilute HNO3

(a) HgS (b) PbS (c) CuS (d) CdS

10. The compound insoluble in acetic acid is (1986)

(a) calcium oxide (b) calcium carbonate (c) calcium oxalate (d) calcium hydroxide

11. The pair of compounds which cannot exists together in solution is (1986)
(a) NaHCO3 and NaOH (b) Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 (c) Na2CO3 and NaOH (d) NaHCO3 and NaCl

12. CrCl3 

NH4Cl
NH OH
  A  
Na2O2
HO
 B  
Lead
Acetate
 C
4 2

In this reaction, sequence, the compound (C) is

(a) Na2CrO4 (b) Na2Cr2O7 (c) Cr(OH)3 (d) PbCrO4

13. 2Cu2  5I  2CuI    X 

 X  2S2O32  3  Y   S4O62 ; X and Y are

(a) I3 and I (b) I2 and I3 (c) I2 and I (d) I3 and I2
 38 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
14. Oxalate + MnO2 + Di. H2SO4  Gas
The gas evolved is
(a) CO2 (b) CO (c) SO2 (d) O2

15. Which of the following reagents can separate a mixture of AgCl and Agl?
(a) KCN (b) Na2S2O3 (c) HNO3 (d) NH3

16. Black ppt. (A) dissolve in HNO3 gives (B) which gives white ppt. (C) with NH4OH. (C) on reaction with HCl
gives solution (D) gives white turbidity on addition of water. What is (D)?
(a) Ca(OH)2 (b) Bi(OH)3 (c) BiOCl (d) Bi NO3 3
17. Which nitrate on decomposition will give metal?
(a) Hg2(NO3)2 (b) NaNO3 (c) KNO3 (d) AgNO3

18. On heating a mixture of NaBr and conc. H2SO4 we obtain

(a) HOBr (b) HBr (c) Br2 (d) HBrO3

19. In an alkaline solution, sodium nitroprusside gives a violet colour with

(a) S2- (b) SO23  (d) SO24 (d) NO2

20. The brown ring test for NO3 is due to the formation of the complex ion with formula

(a) Fe H2O 6  (b) Fe NO  CN5  (c) Fe H2O 5 NO  (d) Fe H2O NO 5 
2 2 2 2

21. A chloride salt A on addition of alkali solution gives gas B which gives brown pt. C with Nesseler’s reagent.
What is A, B and C?
(a) NH4Cl, NH3 and HgO. Hg(NH2)(NO3) (b) NH4Cl, NH3 and Hg(NH2)Cl
(c) NH4Cl, NH3 and HgO.Hg(NH2)Cl (d) NH4Cl, NH3 and HgO.Hg(NH2)I
22. An inorganic salt is strongly heated. The residue is yellow when hot and white when cold. The salt contains
(a) Pb2+ (b) Zn2+ (c) Hg2+ (d) NH4

23. Which of the following sulphides is white ?

(a) CdS (b) PbS (c) ZnS (d) SnS

24. A white sublimable substance, that turns black on treatment with an NH3 solution can be
(a) Hg2Cl2 (b) HgCl2 (c) As2O3 (d) NH4Cl

25. Which of the following pairs of cations cannot be separated by using an NH3 solution?
(a) Pb2 , Zn2  (b) Pb2 ,Cu2  (c) Zn2  ,Cu2 (d) Al3  , Ag
ASSERTION-REASONING
Code
(A) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for Statement – 1.
(B) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement –
1.
(C) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is False.
(D) Statement – 1 is False, Statement – 2 is True.

26. Statement-1: When a solution of Na2ZnO2 is acidified with dilute HCl and treated with H2S,
a precipitate of ZnS is formed.
Statement-2 : Na2ZnO2 is decomposed by HCl to give Zn2+ ions.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 39

27. Statement-1: Sometimes a white precipitate is obtained when a solution is prepared in conc. HCl and
then diluted, even if first group is absent.
Statement-2: Pb2+ cations are precipitated as PbCl2 which is sparingly soluble in water.

28. Statement-1: Solubility of AgCl is more in conc. HCl than in water.

Statement-2 :AgCl form a complex with conc. HCl.

29. Statement-1: A solution of AgCl in NH4OH gives a white precipitate when acidified with HNO 3.
Statement-2: [Ag(NH3)2]+ decomposes in the presence of HNO3.

30. Statement-1: When H2S is passed through a solution of CuSO4, no precipitate of CuS is obtained until
the solution is acidified with HCl.
Statement-2: The solubility product constant of CuS is not so high as to require a high concentration of
S2- for the precipitation of CuS.

COMPREHENSION PASSAGE
Passage #1
p-Amino-N, N-dimethylaniline is added to a strongly acidic solution of X. The resulting solution is treated with a
few drops of aqueous solution of Y to yield blue coloration due to the formation of methylene blue. Treatment
of the aqueous solution of Y with the reagent potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) leads to the formation of an
intense blue precipitate. The precipitate dissolves on excess addition of the reagent. Similarly, treatment
of the solution of Y with the solution of potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) leads to a brown coloration due to
the formation of Z.
31. The compound X is
(A) NaNO3 (B) NaCl (C) Na2SO4 (D) Na2S
32. The compound Y is
(A) MgCl2 (B) FeCl2 (C) FeCl3 (D) ZnCl2
33. The compound Z is
(A) Mg2[Fe(CN)6] (B) Fe[Fe(CN)6] (C) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 (D) K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2

p q r s
This section contains 2 questions. Each question contains
statements given in two column which have to be matched. A p q r s

Statements (A, B, C, D) in Column I have to be matched with B p q r s

statements (p, q, r, s) in Column II. The answers to these
questions have to be appropriately bubbles as illustrated in the C p q r s
following example. D p q r s
If the correct matches are A–p, B–q, B–r, C–p, C–q and D–s,
then the correctly bubbled 4 × 4 matrix should be as follows :

34. Column I Column II

(A) ZnCl2  H2S (p) Pale green colouration
(B) CuSO 4  Excess KI (q) Brown ppt.
(C) Pb3 O 4  conc.HNO3 (r) White turbidity
(D) FeCl3  H2S (s) No change is observed
 40 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
35. Column I Column II
(A) Oxalate (p) Sodium nitroprusside
(B) Acetate (q) Conc. H2SO4
(C) Sulphide (r) Neutral FeCl3
(D) Thiosulphate (s) Dil. H2SO4

ANSWERS (LEVEL  I)
MODEL QUESTIONS
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c)
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (a)
11. (a) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (d)
16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (c)
26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (c) 29. (c) 30. (b)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (b)
34. (A)-s; (B)-q;(C)-q; (D)-p,r 35. (A)-q; (B)-s,r; (C)-p,s; (D)-s

HINTS
1. S  2 H 
2
 H 2S
 

2. Due to the oxidation of Mn 2 to MnO4

3. They insoluble in all solvents but soluble in Ag na reflects tuning chlorides

Ba  OH 2  SO2 
 BaSo3 
4.
white turbirtiy

 Cr2  SO4 3
SO2  K 2Cr2O7  H 2 SO4 
green
5. SO32  H 2 SO4 
 SO2
(x) ( a colourless gas with irritating smell)

SO2  K 2Cr2O7  H 2 SO4 

 green solution
Y  Cr2  SO4 3

6. Chromyl Chrloride  CrO2Cl2 

NaCl  K 2Cr2O7  H 2 SO4 
 H 2 SO4  NaHSO4  CrO2Cl2  H 2O
7. NO3
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 41

8.

9. Hgs is soluble only

10. CaC2O4
NaHCO3  NaOH 
 Na2CO3  H 2O
(acidic salt )  Base 
11.

12.

13. 2Cu 2  5I   2CuI   I 2

I 2  2 S 2O32  Na2 S 4O6  2 NaI
14. CO2
15. AgCl is soluble in Ag. NH 3
AgI is insoluble in Ag. NH 3
16. BiCl3  H 2O  BiO  Cl   2 HCl
17. AgNO3 

 Ag  NO2  O2
18. NaBr  H 2 SO4  HBr  NaHSO4
HBr  H 2 SO4  Br2  SO2  H 2O

Na2  Fe  CN 5 NO   S 2   Fe  CN 5 NOS 
4
19.
Violet colour

 Fe  H 2O 5 NO 
2
20.
 42 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
22. Zn 2 , ZnO
23. Zns is dirty white ppt

24. Hg 2Cl2  NH 3  HgNH 2Cl  H 

Zn 2  NH 3   Zn  NH 3 4 
2
25.

Cu 2  NH 3  Cu  NH 3 4 
2

26. Na2 ZnO2  H 2 S  NaOH  ZnS

White

27. PbCl2 is soluble in hot water than cold water

28. AgCl does not form any examples melt HCl
29. Nitric - acid cannot decompare the silver ammonie complex
30. Common on effect

31. Na2 S became the it can undergo hydrolysis

32. FeCl3  K 4  Fe  CO 6   Fe4  Fe  CN 6 

3

33. Fe  Fe  CN 6 
34. as
b  q  Cu2 I 2 
cq
d  p, r FeCl3  H 2 S  FeCl2  HCl  S

35. aq

b  s, r CH 3COO   Fe 3  Fe  CH 3COO 3

c  p, s S 2  Na2  Fe  CN 5 NO    Fe  CN 5 NO S 
4

d s
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 43
LEVEL – II
MODEL QUESTIONS
1) An inorganic salt, when treated with conc. H2SO4 produced oily drops. The probable salt is
(a) an oxalate (b) a fluoride (c) a nitrite (d) an iodide

2) Pure silver jewellary turns black due to the formation of

(a) Ag2O (b) Ag(OH) (c) Ag2S (d) AgCl

3) Which of the following can be used to prepare chlorine water ?

(a) KMnO4 + conc. HCl (b) KMnO4 + dil HCl
(c) KMnO4 + KCl (d) KMnO4 (s) + NaCl(aq)

4) An inorganic salt in its aqueous solution produced a white ppt. with NaOH which dissolves in excess of
NaOH. Also its aqueous solution produced light yellow ppt., with AgNO3 sparingly soluble in NH4OH. The
probable salt is
(a) AlBr3 (b)AlI3 (c) AlCl3 (d) ZnCl2

5) Which of the following substances are soluble in concentrated HNO 3

(a) BaSO4 (b) CuS (c) PbS (d) Bi2S3

6) Which of the following gives black precipitate when H2S gas is passed through its solution
(a) Acidic AgNO3 (b) Mg(NO3)2 (c) Ammonical BaCl2 (d) All of them

7) Which of the following combines with Fe (III) ions to form a brown complex
(a) N2O (b) NO (c) N2O3 (d) N2O5

8) Sodium nitroprusside, when added to an alkaline solution of sulphide ions, produces purple colour ion due
to the formation of
(a) Na[Fe(H2O)5NOS] (b) Na2[Fe(H2O)5NOS] (c) Na3[Fe(CN)5NOS] (d) Na4[Fe(CN)5NOS]

9) In the chromyl chloride test, the reagent used is

(a) K2CrO4 (b) CrO3 (c) K2Cr2O7 (d) (NH4)2Cr2O7
10) Gas A is bubbled through slaked lime when a white precipitate is formed. On prolonged bubbling, the
precipitate is dissolved, on heating the resultant solution, the white precipitate reappears with the evolution
of gas B. The gases A and B respectively are
(a) CO2 and CO (b) CO and CO2 (c) CO and CO (d) CO2 and CO2

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Single Choice Questions
11. Two test tubes containing a nitrate and a bromides are treated separately with H2SO4 ; brown fumes
evolved are passed in water. The water will be coloured by vapours evolved from the test tube containing.
(a) Nitrate (b) Bromide (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these

12. The solution of a chemical compound X reacts with AgNO3 solution to form a white precipitate of Y which
dissolves in NH4OH to give a complex Z. When Z is treated with dilute HNO3, Y reappears. The chemical
compound X can be :
(a) NaCl (b) CH3Cl (c) NaBr (d) NaI

13. To an inorganic mixture dil. H2SO4 is added in cold; colourless, odourless gas is evolved. The mixture
contains.
(a) Sulphite (b) Acetate (c) Nitrite (d) Carbonate

14. When bismuth chloride is poured into a large volume of water, the white precipitate produced is
(a) Bi(OH)3 (b) Bi2O3 (c) BiOCl (d) Bi2OCl3
 44 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

15. Nessler’s reagent is used to detect

(a) CrO24 (b) PO34 (c) MnO4 (d) NH4
16. Which one amongst the following pairs of ions cannot be separated by H2S in dilute HCl? (1986)
(a) Bi3+,Sn4+ (b) Al3+, Hg2+ (c) Zn2+, Cu2+ (d) Ni2+, Cu2+

17. The brown ring complex compound is formulated as [Fe(H2O)5(NO)+]SO4. The oxidation state of iron is
(1987)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 0
18. A gas ‘X’ is passed through water to form a saturated solution. The aqueous solution on treatment with
silver nitrate gives a white precipitate. The saturated aqueous solution also dissolves magnesium ribbon
with the evolution of a colourless gas ‘Y’. Identify ‘X’ and ‘Y’.
(a) X = CO2, Y = Cl2 (b) X = Cl2, Y = CO2 (c) X = Cl2, Y = H2 (d) X = H2, Y = Cl-2

19. Cu2+ ions will be reduced to Cu+ ions by the addition of an aqueous solution of
(a) KF (b) KCl (c) KI (d) KOH

20. Which of the following basic radicals will not be precipated by H2S gas in the presence of NH3
(a) Mn2+ (b) Ni2+ (c) Cd2+ (d) Ca2+

21. When calomel react with NH4OH solution the compound formed is
(a) NH2 – Hg – Cl (b) HgCl2 . NH3 (c) [ Hg  NH 3 2 ]Cl 2 (d) HgCl2(NH3)2

22. A metal nitrate reacts with KI to give a black precipitate which on addition of excess of KI convert into
orange colour solution. The cation of the metal nitrate is
(a) Hg2+ (b) Bi3+ (c) Pb2+ (d) Cu+
23. A sodium salt of an unknown anion when treated with MgCl2 gives white precipitate only on boiling. The
anion is (2004)
(a) SO24 (b) HCO3 (c) CO32 (d) NO3
24. A metal nitrate reacts with KI to give a black precipitate which on addition of excess KI convert into orange
colour solution. The cation of metal nitrate is (2006)
(a) Hg2  (b) Bi3  (c) Pb2 (d) Cu

25. The reagents, NH4Cl and aqueous NH3 will precipitate

(a) Ca2+ (b) Al3+ (c) Bi3+ (d) Mg2+

26. Which of the following reagents can be used to distinguish between a sulphite and a sulphate in solution?
(a) FeSO4 (b) Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] (c) BaCl2 (d) Na3[Co(NO2)6]
MORE THAN ONE CHOICE

27. The evolution of a red-brown gas on heating a salt with K2Cr2O7 and concentrated H2SO4 can arise from
(a) chloride (b) bromide (c) nitrate (d) nitrite

28. Which of the following pairs of cations cannot be separate by using an NaOH solution?
(a) Fe3+, Al3+ (b) Cr3+, Al3+ (c) Sn2+, Pb2+ (d) Cu2+, Pb2+

29. Potassium chromate solution is added to aqueous solutions of metal nitrate. The yellow precipitate thus
obtained are insoluble in acetic acid. These are subjected to frame test, flame colour of individual ppt. is/
are
(a) Lilac (b) Apple green (c) Crimson red (d) Blue
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 45

30. A white sublimable solid, when boiled with an NaOH solution, gives a colourless gas that turns Nessler’s
reagent brown. The solid, on being heated with solid K2Cr2O7 and concentrated H2SO4, gives red brown
vapours. The white solid can be
(a) NH4I (b) NH4Br (c) NH4Cl (d) (NH4)2SO4

31.

KMnO4 + gas B
[P]
H2O2 + gas B Aq. Suspension Reagent
H2SO4
Br2 water + gas B
Which of the following options(s) is/are correct regarding P among the following?
(a) O3 (b) Excess Cl2 water (c) conc. HNO3 (d) HCl

32. In which of the following cases will a violet colouration be observed?

(a) An alkaline solution of sodium nitroprusside is treated with a solution of Na2S
(b) An solution of sodium cobaltinitrite treated with one of KCl
(c) A solution of Mn(NO3)2 is treated with sodium bismuthate or red lead in the presence of concentrated
HNO3
(d) A solution of sodium nitroprusside in aqueous NaOH is treated with Na2SO3
33. The cation which gives yellow ppt. with K2CrO4 in acetic acid is:
(a) Ba2+ (b) Pb2+ (c) Ca2+ (d) K+

ASSERTION-REASONING
Code
(A) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for
Statement – 1.
(B) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement –
1.
(C) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is False.
(D) Statement – 1 is False, Statement – 2 is True.

34. Statement-1 : Basic radical of V group are precipitated as their carbonates in presence of NH4Cl.
Statement-2 : NH4-OH maintains the pH of the solution basic.

35. Statement-1 : Zn + HNO3 (conc.)  Zn(NO3)2

Statement-2 : Nitric acid plays a double role in action of Zn metal, it acts as an acid as well as an
oxidizing agent.

36. Statement-1 : If yellow precipitate is obtained on adding ammonium molybdate solution on boiling then
phosphate radical is identified.
Statement-2 :Ammonium phosphomolybdate is a yellow compound.

37. Statement-1 : HgCl2 and SnCl2 cannot exist together in an aqueous solution.
Statement-2 :SnCl2 is a strong reducing agent because Sn shows inert pair effect.

COMPREHENSION PASSAGE
Passage #1
 46 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

Black solid 

KOH Air

  A  
H2SO 4
 B   C
(green) (purple)

(i) KI on reaction with alkaline solution of (B) changes into a compound (D).
(ii) The colour of the compound (B) disappears on treatment with the acidic solution of FeSO 4.
(iii) With cold conc. H2SO4 compound (B) gives (E), which being explosive decomposes to yield (F) and
oxygen.

38. Nature of compound (E) is

(a) Acidic oxide (b) Basic oxide (c) Amphoteric oxide (d) Neutral oxide

39. Colour of the solution obtained, when ferrous sulphate reacts with acidic solution of (B):
(a) Colourless (b) Pink (c) Green (d) Yellow

40. Which of the following options is correct?

(a) (C) and (F) are same compounds having same colour.
(b) (C) and (F) are different compounds having same colour.
(c) Compound (B) forms similar compound (E) with hot and conc. H2SO4
(d) Compound (A) does not give same type of reaction in acidic and neutral medium.

41. Type of hybridization in compound (D):

(a) sp2 (b) sp3 (c) sp3d (d) No hybridization

Passage #2
 A   NaCl  B  white ppt. B   KI   C  yellow ppt.
 C   KI  (D)  E   colourless solution  E   NH3  KOH  F 
excess
42. Compounds (A) and (B) are respectively
(a) AgNO3 and AgCl (b) Pb(NO3)2 and PbCl2
(c) Hg2(NO3)2 and Hg2Cl2 (d) Cu2(NO3)2 and Cu2Cl2

43. When compound (A) reacts with Na2CrO4 solution, the colour for the compound formed is
(a) Black (b) Red (c) Yellow (d) White
44. Type of hybridization in compound (E) is
(a) d2sp3 (b) sp3d2 (c) sp3 (d) dsp2
45. Colour of the compound (F) is
(a) Yellow (b) Blue (c) White (d) Red

ANSWERS (LEVEL II)

MODEL QUESTIONS
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a)
5. (b,c,d) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (d)
9. (c) 10. (d)
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
11. (b) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (c)
15. (d) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a)
19. (c) 20. (a) 21. (a) 22. (a)
23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (b)
27. (c)
MORE THAN ONE CHOICE
28. (a, b) 29. (b, c) 30. (b, d) 31. (b, c)
32. (a, b, c) 33. (a, c) 34. (a, b)
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 47
ASSERTION-REASONING
35. (d) 36. (c) 37. (b) 38. (a)

COMPREHENSION PASSAGE
39. (a) 40. (d) 41. (a) 42. (a)
43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (d) 46. (d)

HINTS
1. F 


2.  Ag 2 S  Black ppt

4.

5. They from soluble Nitrates

7. FeSO4  NO  FeSO4 .NO or  Fe  H 2O  , NO  SO4

8. Na4  Fe  CN 5 NOS 

9. K 2Cr2O7

10. Ca  OH 2  CO2  CaCO3   H 2O

CaCO3  H 2O  CO2  Ca  HCO3  2

12.

13. CO32  2 H   CO2  H 2O

 48 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
14. BiCl3  H 2O  BiO  Cl   HCl
15. NH 4
17.  Fe  H 2O 5 NO   SO4

19. Cl2 & H 2

20. 2Cu   KI  Cu2 I 2  (brown ppt )
21. Ca 2
22. Hg 2Cl2  NH 3  NH 2 HgCl  Hg 
(black)
23. Bi  3I  BiI 3 
3 

24. Mg  HCO3 2 

 MgCO3   H 2O  CO2

26. Al 3 
NH 4OH
NH 4Cl
Al  OH 3 

27. BaCl2  SO42   BaSo42  

28. Cl  & Br 
30. Ba  NO3 2  H 2CrO4  BaCrO4  2 KNO3
31. NH 4Cl gives +ve Nessler’s test

 O 3  O 2   O  
C l2  H 2O  H C lO  H C l
32. 
(O )

33. Na2 S  Na2   Fe  CN 5 NO   Na4 Fe  CN 5 NOS

34. Ba 2  CrO42  BaCrO4 ; Pb 2  CrO42  PbCrO4

Assertion - Reasons
35. NH 4Cl
36. Statement is not complete
38. SnCl2 a good reduing effect
39.  Mn2O7 
40. It forms feeric sulphate
43. AgNO3 & AgCl
44. Ag   CrO42   Ag 2CrO4 (red )

Level – III
MODEL QUESTIONS
1) Na2CO3 cannot be used in place of (NH4)2CO3 for the precipitation of fifth group radicals, since:
(a) magnesium will be precipitated (b) concentration of carbonate ions is very low
 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 49
(c) sodium ions will react with acidic radicals (d) Na+ ions interfere with the detection of fifth group
2) Which of the following does not respond to chromyl chloride test ?
(a) HgCl2 (b) CuCl2 (c) NiCl2 (d) MnCl2

3) A compound (A) forms a unstable pale blue colour solution in water. The solution decolourised Br 3 water
and an acidified solution of KMnO4. The possible compound (A) is:
(a) HNO2 (b) HNO3 (c) N2O5 (d) None of these
4) Which of the following change the colour of the aqueous solution of FeCl3
(a) K4[Fe(CN)6] (b) H2S (c) NH4CNS (d) KCNS

5) Which of the following sulphides are soluble in yellow ammonium sulphide ?

(a) As2S3 (b) Bi2S3 (c) Sb2S3 (d) SnS
6) Aqueous solution of a salt when treated with AgNO3 solution gives a white precipitate, which dissolves in
NH4OH. Radical present in the salt is
(a) Cl (b) NO3 (c) I (d) All of them
7) Al , Fe , Zn and Ni ions are present in an acidic solution. Excess of ammonium chloride solution is
3+ 3+ 2+ 2+

added followed by addition of ammonium hydroxide solution. The available precipitate will contain
(a) Zn(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 (b) Al(OH)3 and Fe(OH)3
(c) Zn(OH)2 and Al(OH)3 (d) Ni(OH)2 and Fe(OH)3

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Single Choice Questions
8. A solution of white crystals gives a precipitate with AgNO3 but no precipitate with solution of Na2CO3. The
action of conc. H2SO4 on the crystal yields a brown gas. The crystals are of
(a) NaNO3 (b) KCl (c) Ca(NO3)2 (d) NaBr
9. A white salt is insoluble in cold water but soluble in boiling water. Its solution when treated with potassium
chromate solution gives yellow precipitate. The salt may be :
(a) BaCl2 (b) SrCl2 (c) PbCl2 (d) Hg(NO3)2
10. A white powder when strongly heated gives off brown fumes. a solution of this powder gives as yellow
precipitate with a solution of KI. When a solution of barium chloride is added to a solution of powder, a
white precipitate results. This white powder may be :
(a) A soluble sulphate (b) KBr and NaBr (c) Ba(NO3)2 (d) AgNO3
11. Ammonium dichromate is used in some fireworks. The green coloured powder blown in air is due to
(a) CrO3 (b) Cr2O3 (c) Cr (d) CrO(O2)
12. A white precipitate obtained in the analysis of a mixture becomes black on treatment with NH 4OH. It may
be
(a) PbCl2 (b) AgCl (c) HgCl2 (d) Hg2Cl2
More Than One Choice Questions
13. Nitrogen dioxide can be obtained by heating :
(a) KNO3 (b) Pb(NO3)2 (c) LiNO3 (d) AgNO3
14. When oxalic acid is heated with conc. H2SO4, it produces:
(a) CO (b) CO2 (c) SO2 (d) SO3
15. Iodine imparts brown colour to :
(a) Water (b) Ether (c) Alcohol (d) Chloroform
16. Hydrogen iodide cannot be made by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on potassium iodide because
,

:
(a) H2SO4 in an oxidizing agent (b) HI is stronger acid than H2SO4
(c) HI is strong reducing agent (d) H2SO4 is stronger acid then HI
17. Addition of FeCl3 to K4[Fe(CN)6] gives :
(a) Prussian blue (b) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 (c) Ferri-ferrocyanide (d) none of these
18. KCN is used for separating :
(a) Co2+ and Ni2+ (b) Mn2+ and Zn2+ (c) Ba2+ and Ca2+ (d) Cu2+ and Cd2+
19. An aqueous solution contains Hg2+, Hg22  , Pb2+ and Cd2+. The addition of HCl(6N) will precipitate :
(a) Hg2Cl2 (b) PbCl2 (c) HgCl2 (d) CdCl2
 50 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
20. Copper sulphate solution react with KCN to give
(a) K3[Cu(CN)4] (b) CuCN (c) Cu(CN)2 (d) K2[Cu(CN)4]

ASSERTION-REASONING
Code
(A) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for Statement – 1.
(B) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement –
1.
(C) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is False.
(D) Statement – 1 is False, Statement – 2 is True.
21. Statement-1: Cr3+ ion dissolves in both NaOH as well as in aq. NH3.
Statement-2: Cr3+ ion forms stable complexes with both NaOH and NH3 with high value of formation
constant.

22. Statement-1: When H2S is passed through a solution of FeCl3, a yellow precipitate is obtained.
Statement-2: FeCl3 is an oxidising agent which is reduced in the reaction.

23. Statement-1: A very dilute acidic solution of Cd2+ and Ni2+ gives yellow ppt. of CdS on passing H2S.
Statement-2: Solubility product of CdS is more than that of NiS.

24. Statement-1: Sulphate is estimated as BaSO4 and not as MgSO4.

Statement-2: Ionic radius of Mg2+ is smaller than that of Ba2+. (1998)

Statement-1: When H2S is passed through a solution containing Cu  CN4  and Cd  CN4 
3 2
25.
ions, only cadmium precipitate as CdS.

Statement-2 : The oxidation state and co-ordination number of cadmium in Cd  CN4 
2
are II and 4
respectively.

26. Statement-1: A concentrated solution of BiCl3 can be hydrolysed to any extent with water.
Statement-2: BiCl3 does not change in composition with dilution.

27. Statement-1: The blue precipitate formed by the action of K 4 Fe  CN6  on Fe3+ and by that of

K 3 Fe  CN6  on Fe2+ have the same composition.

Statement-2: t Fe  CN6  oxidizes Fe2+ to Fe3+ and itself gets reduced to Fe  CN6 
3 4
.
   

28. Statement-1: Zn(OH)2 dissolves in an excess of NaOH solution as well as NH4OH solution.
Statement-2: Zn(OH)2 forms the soluble zincate salts with these alkalis.

COMPREHENSION PASSAGE
Passage #1
A compound (A) is greenish crystalline salt, which gave the following results.
 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 51
i) Addition of BaCl2 solution to the solution of (A) results in the formation of white ppt. (B). which is insoluble
in dil HCl.
ii) On heating (A), water vapours and two oxides of sulphur, (C) and (D) are liberated leaving a red brown
residue (E).
iii) (E) dissolves in warm conc. HCl to give a yellow solution (F).
iv) With H2S, the solution (F) yields a pale yellow ppt. (G), which when filtered, leaves a greenish filtrate (H).
v) Solution (F) on treatment with thiocynate ions gives blood red coloured compound (I).
29. Compound (A) is
(a) CuSO4 (b) MnSO4 (c) FeSO4 (d) Na2SO4
30. White ppt (B) is of
(a) K2SO4 (b) BaSO4 (c) FeSO4 (d) CuSO4
31. The yellow solution is of
(a) FeCl3 (b) CuCl2 (c) PbCl2 (d) MnCl2
32. The pale yellow ppt (G) is
(a) BaSO4 (b) PbCl2 (c) FeSO4 (d) S

Passage #2
A well known orange crystalline compound (A) when burnt imparts violet colour to flame. (A) on treating
with (B) and conc. H2SO4 gives red gas (C) which gives red yellow solution (D) with alkaline water. (D) on
treating with acetic acid and lead acetate gives yellow precipitate (E). (B) sublimes on heating. Also on
heating (B) with NaOH, gas (F) is formed which gives white fumes with HCl.
33. The red gas (C) would be
(a) Br2 (b) Cl2 (c) CrO2Cl2 (d) Cr(OCl)Cl
34. Yellow solution (D) is
(a) Na2CrO4 (b) Cr2O3 (c) PbCrO4 (d) Na2Cr2O7
35. The yellow ppt (E) is of
(a) Na2CrO4 (b) PbCrO4 (c) PbCr2O7 (d) K2Cr2O7
36. The compounds (A) and (B) are
(a) Na2CrO4 and NH4Cl (b) Na2Cr2O7 & NH4Cl
(c) K2Cr2O7 and NaCl (d) NH4Cl, Na2CrO4
Passage #3
A bluish green coloured compound ‘A’ on heating gives two products ‘B’ and ‘C’. A metal ‘D’ is deposited on
passing H2 through heated ‘B’. The compound ‘A’ and ‘B’ are insoluble in water. ‘B’ is black in colour,
dissolves in HCl and on treatment with K4[Fe(CN)6] gives a chocolate brown ppt of compound ‘E’. ‘C’ is
colourless, odoulress gas and turns lime water milkly.
37. Compound ‘A’ is
(a) CuSO4 (b) CuCO3 (c) FeSO4 (d) CrCl3
38. The compounds ‘B’ and ‘C’ are respectively
(a) CuS, SO2 (b) CuO, CO2 (c) FeO, H2S (d) Cr2O3, CO
39. The compounds ‘D’ and ‘E’ are respectively
(a) Cu, Cu2[Fe(CN)6] (b) Fe, Cu2[Fe(CN)6] (c) Cr, CuCO3 (d) Zn, CuO

p q r s
This section contains 2 questions. E ach question contains
statem ents given in two colum n w hich have to be m atched. A p q r s
S tatem ents (A , B , C , D ) in Co lum n I have to be m atched w ith B p q r s
statem ents (p, q, r, s) in Colum n II. The answers to these
questions have to be appropriately bubbles as illustrated in the C p q r s
follow ing exam ple. D p q r s
If the correct m atches are A–p, B–q, B –r, C –p, C –q and D–s,
then the correctly bubbled 4 × 4 m atrix should be as follow s :
52 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
40. Column I Column II
(A) Precipitate with KCN which is (p) Fe2+
soluble in excess of KCN.
(B) Precipitate with NaOH and (q) Hg2+
NH4OH which is soluble in both
excess of reagent.
(C) Coloured precipitate with KI, (r) Pb2+
which is soluble in excess KI.
(D) Black precipitate with H2S, which (s) Ag+
is soluble in hot and dil. HNO3.

41. Column I Column II

(A) Canary yellow ppt. with (p) NO3
(NH4)2MoO4
(B) Brown Ring test (q) NO 2
(C) Acid radical which evolves gas (r) AsO 34 
with conc. HCl
(D) Acid radical which gives gas with (s) PO 34
dil. H2SO4

42. Column I Column II

(A) Colourless gas evolved on addition of (p) S2O32
dil. H2SO4
(B) White ppt. on addition of AgNO3 (q) S2 
(C) Black ppt. obtained when HgCl2 is (r) NO2
added in little amount
(D) The ppt. obtained on addition of AgNO3 (s) CH3CO2
followed by NH3 solution

A N S W E R S (L e ve l III)
M O D E L Q U E ST IO N S
1. (a ) 2. (a ) 3. (a) 4. (a ,b,c,d ) 5. (a,c,d )
6. (a ) 7. (a )
P R A C TIC E Q U E S T IO N S
8. (d ) 9. (c) 10. (d ) 11. (b ) 12. (d )
1 3. (b ,c,d) 1 4. (a,b ) 15. (b ,c) 16. (a ,c) 17. (a ,b,c)
1 8. (a ,d) 1 9. (a,b ) 20. (a )
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 53
ASSERTION-REASONING

21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (d)

26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (a)

COMPREHENSION PASSAGE

29. (c) 30. (b) 31. (a) 32. (d) 33. (c)

34. (a) 35. (b) 36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (b)

39. (a)

Matrix-Match Type

40. (A)-p,s; (B)-p,q; (C)-q,r; (D)-r,s 41. (A)-r,s (B)-p,q; (C)-p,q; (D)-q

1. Mg 2 will be preparated
2. Convalent nature
3. HNO3
4. We get blood red colour reaction with NH 4CNS & KCNS

6. A g C l  N H 3   A g  N H 3  2  C l
7. Group III carbons are preparated
8. NaBr  AgNO3  AgBr4   NaNO3
9. PbCl2 is more soluble is not water
Pb 2  CrO42  PbCrO4
1
10. AgNO3  Ag  NO2  O2
2
 NH 4 2 Cr2O7 

 Cr2O3  N 2  H 2O
11.
( green)
12. Hg 2Cl2
Hg 2Cl2  NH 3  HgNH 2Cl  Hg
black

13 Pb  NO3 2  PbO  NO2  O2

1
AgNO3  Ag  NO2  O2
2

14.
 54 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
16. HI  H 2 SO4  KHSO4  HI
HI  H 2 SO4  I 2 eSO2  H 2O

4Fe3   Fe  CN 6   Fe4  Fe  CN 6 
3
17.
3

18. Cd 2  K2 [Cd  CN 4 ] unstable

Cu 2  K3[Cu  CN 4 ] non stable

Assertion , Reactions
21. Cr doesnot form complex with NaOH
22. FeCl3  H 2 S  FeCl2  HCl  S
23. We conclude by their KSPs
24. BaSO4 is more insoluble thier MgSO4

Cu  CN  4  is more stable than Cu  CN 4 

3 2
25.

26. BiCl3  H 2O  BiO  Cl   2 HCl

27. Pression blue is formed
28. Zn  OH 2 dissolves only in NaOH to form Na2 ZnO2
32. FeSO4 .7 H 2O 

 FeSO4 

 Fe2O3  SO2  SO3
Fe2O3  HCl  FeCl3  H 2O
FeCl3  H 2 S  FeCl2  S  2 HCl
36. K 2Cr2O7  NH 4Cl

Straight Objective Type

1. When a KI solution is added to a metal nitrate, a black precipitate is produced which dissolves in an
excess of KI to give an orange solution. The metal ion is
(a) Hg2+ (b) Bi3  (c) Cu2  (d) Pb2

2. Which of the following compounds does not exist?

(a) CrO2Br2 (b) CrO2Cl2 (c) POCl3 (d) BiOCl

3. Salt (A) gives brick red fumes (B) with cone. H2SO4 and K2Cr2O7 which gives yellow solution(C) with NaOH
and it gives yellow ppt. (D) with acetic acid and lead acetate. What is (C)?
(a) Na2CrO4 (b) CrO2Cl2 (c) PbCrO4 (d) NaCl

4. On adding KI solution in excess to a solution of CuSO4 we get a precipitate ‘P and another liquor M. Select
the correct pairs:
(a) P is Cu2I2 and M is 12 solution (b) P is CuI2 and M is I2 solution
(c) P is Cu2I2 and M is KI3 solution (d) P is CuI2 and M is KI3 solution

5. There is mixture of Cu(II) chloride and Fe(II) sulphate. The best way to separate the metal ions from this
mixture in qualitative analysis is
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 55
(a) hydrogen sulphide in acidic medium, where only Cu(II) sulphide will be precipitated
(b) ammonium hydroxide buffer, where only Fe(II) hydroxide will be precipitated
(c) hydrogen sulphide in acidic medium, where only Fe(ll) sulphide will be precipitated
(d) ammonium hydroxide buffer, where only Cu(II) hydroxide will be precipitated
6. A colourless water soluble solid X on heating gives equimolar quantities of Y and Z. Y gives dense white
fumes HCl and Z does so with NH3. Y gives brown precipitate with Nessler’s reagent and Z gives white
precipitate with nitrates of Ag+, Pb2+ and Hg+. X is
(a) NH4Cl (b) NH4NO3 (c) NH4NO2 (d) FeSO4

7. AgNO3 

  W    X   O2

 X   H2O  HNO2  HNO3  W   HNO3  Y  NO  H2O

 Y   Na2S2O3  excess    Z   NaNO3
Identify (W) to (Z)

(a) W = Ag, X = N2O, Y = AgNO3, Z  Na2  Ag  S2O3 2 

(b) W = Ag2O, X = NO, Y = AgNO3, Z  Na3  Ag  S2O3 2 

(c) W = Ag, X = NO2, Y = AgNO3, Z  Na3  Ag  S2O3 2 

(d) W = Ag2O, X = N2, Y = AgNO3, Z  Na  Ag  S2O3 2 

8. Consider the following sequence of tests,

Mn  HCl  white precipitate 

 water soluble

The metal ion M   would be

n

(a) Hg2+ (b) Ag+ (c) Pb2+ (d) Sn2+

9. Which of the following compounds does magnesium precipitate when you test for it?
(a) MgCO3.MgO (b) MgCO3 (c) Mg(OH)2 (d) MgNH4PO4.6H2O
10. Which of the following is blue?
(a) (NH4)2[Co(SCN)4] (b) Ni(dmg)2 (c) Cu2[Fe(CN)6] (d) Fe(SCN)3
11. Which of the following leaves a black residue on the addition of NH3?
(a) AgCl (b) PbCl2 (c) Hg2Cl2 (d) HgCl2
12. Which of the following is not soluble in hot and conc. HNO3?
(a) PbS (b) NiS (c) CuS (d) HgS
13. Which of the following is insoluble in yellow ammonium polysulphide?
(a) CuS (b) As2S3 (c) Sb2S3 (d) SnS
14. Which of the following is formed when As2S3 is warmed with NH4OH and H2O2?

(d)  As NH3 6 
5
(a) As(OH)3 (b) AsO34 (c) AsO33 
 
15. Which of the following pairs of cations can be separated by adding NaOH solution?
(a) Cu2 , Zn2 (b) Pb2 , Al3 (c) Sn2  ,Pb2  (d) Zn2  ,Pb 2 
16. An aqueous solution of a substance gives a white precipitate on treatment with dil. HCl which dissolves on
heating, when H2S is passed through the hot acidic solution, black precipitate is obtained. The substance
is
(a) Hg22  salt (b) Hg2  salt (c) Ag+ salt (d) Pb2+ salt
17. A solid mixture of AgCl and K2Cr2O7 is heated with conc. H2SO4 and produces
(a) greenish yellow gas (b) colourless gas (c) red coloured gas (d) no gas
18. Which of the following is the composition of the yellow precipitate obtained in the test for phosphates
using ammonium molybdate?
 56 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
(a) (NH4)3[PMo12O40] (b) (NH4)3[PMo12O36] (c) (NH4)3PO4.10MoO3 (d) (NH4)3PO4.14MoO3
19. Which of the following reaction(s) is relevant to the microcosmic salt bead test?
(a) Cr2O3  3B2O3  2Cr BO2 3 (b) CoO  ZnO  CoZnO2

(c) CoO  NaPO3  NaCoPO 4 (d) Al2  SO4 3  3Na2CO3  Al2O3  3Na2SO 4  3CO2
20. Choose the correct code by identifying (X), (Y) and (Z) in each case for the changes indicated
(i) CrO2Cl2   X  
KOH 2 4
  Y  
conc.H SO
3
(Z) AgNO

(ii) CrCl3  aq.    X     Y    Z

excess 2 2Na O lead
NaOH H2O,boil acetate

(iii) ZnSO 4  aq.    X    Y    Z

2 3 Na CO  cobalt
nitrate, 

(iv) CaCl2  aq.    X    Y     Z

4 NH OH 3 HNO KCN
H2S  excess

(a) X  K 2CrO4 Y  K 2Cr2O7 Z  Ag2 CrO4

(b) X  Cr  OH3 Y  Na2CrO 4 Z  PbCrO 4
(c) X  ZnCO3 Y  ZnO Z  CoZnO2

(d) X  CuS Y  Cu NO3 2 Z  K 3 Cu  CN4 

21. The metal sulphate (A) on heating evolves two gases (B) and (C) and an oxide (D). Gas (B) turns K2Cr2O7
paper green while gas (C) forms a trimer in which there is no S-S bond. Compound (D) with conc. HCl
forms a Lewis acid (E) which exists in a dimer. Compounds (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) respectively
(a) FeSO 4 ,SO2 ,SO3 , Fe2O3 ,FeCl3 (b) Al2  SO4  3 ,SO2 ,SO3 , Al2O3 ,FeCl3

(c) FeS,SO 2 ,SO3 ,FeSO 4 ,FeCl3 (d) FeS,SO2 ,SO3 ,Fe2 PO 4 3 ,FeCl2
22. In this sequence, X, Y, Z are respectively

Cr3+
Yellow
Green
Solution
Solution
Y
Z Blue
Solution

(a) Acidified H2O2; Alkaline H2O2; Acidified H2O2 (b) Alkaline H2O2; Acidified H2O2; Zn/HCl.
(c) Acidified H2O2; Heat; Alkaline H2O2 (d) Alkaline H2O2; Acidified H2O2; on standing

23. Fe2+ and Fe3+ can be distinguished by

(a) K 3 Fe  CN6  (b) K 4 Fe  CN6  (c) KSCN (d) All are correct

24. Which of the following will not dissolve in a hot mixture of NaOH and H2O2?
(a) Fe(OH)3 (b) Al(OH)3 (c) Cr(OH)3 (d) Zn(OH)2

25. Match the following

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 57

(P) Obtained through Solvay’s process (I) HCO2

(Q) Green coloration due to Cr H2O 6 

3
(II) K 2CO3

(R) Reduces Cu  C4H4O6 2 

2
to red ppt. (III) S2O32   FeCl3 solution

(S) Green colouration (IV) SO32  K 2Cr2O7 / H

(T) Melts at 850oC (V) Na2CO3

(P) (Q) (R) (S) (T)

(a) I III V IV II
(b) I III II IV V
(c) V IV I III II
(d) V IV III I II
26. SO32  S* 
boil
 SS*O23 SS*O32  2H  H2SO3  S *
The above reaction sequence proves
(a) Two sulphur atoms of thiosulphate are not equivalent
(b) Both are equivalent
(c) Both of the above are correct
(d) None of these
27.

X Y Z
A B A C
Pale yellow Green Regenerated Deep blue
solution solution solution

The sequential unknown reagents is/are

(a) H2O2/neutral medium, H2O2/H+, Cu2+ salt solution (b) H2O2/H+, H2O2/OH-, Fe2+ salt solution
(c) H2O2/OH, H2O2/H+, Co2+ salt solution (d) H2O2/neutral medium, H2O2/OH-, Fe2+ salt solution

28.

dil. HCl K2CrO4

(Clear Solution) D A B (Yellow ppt.)
(in acetic acid)
dil. H2SO4

C (White ppt.)

Compound (s) A is/are

(a) lead carbonate (b) red lead (c) barium carbonate (d) calcium carbonate

29.

T   
  V  
Compound U  conc.H SO
2 4 NaOH AgNO3
  W  
Red gas
NH3 So ln.
 X Red ppt.
imparts violet
colour toflame

 W  
dil. HCl
 Y white ppt.
 58 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

U 
NaOH
  Z  gas  gives white fumes with HCl 
Identify (T) to (Z).
(a) T  KMnO 4 , U  HCl, V  Cl2 , W  HgI2 , X  Hg NH2  NO3 , Y  Hg2Cl2 , Z  N2

(b) T  K 2Cr2O7 , U  NH4Cl, V  CrO2Cl2 , W  Ag2CrO 4 , X   Ag NH3 2  , Y  AgCl, Z  NH3



(c) T  K 2 CrO 4 , U  KCl, V  CrO2Cl2 , W  HgI2 , X  Na 2CrO 4 , Y  BaCO3 , Z  NH4 Cl

(d) T  K 2MnO 4 , U  NaCl, V  CrO3 , W  AgNO2 , X  NH4  2 CrO 4 , Y  CaCO3 ,Z  SO2

Multiple Correct Answer Type

30. A white precipitate is obtained when
(a) a solution of BaCl2 is treated with Na2SO3 (b) a solution of NaAlO2 is heated with NH4Cl
(c) H2S is passed through a solution of ZnSO4 (d) a solution of ZnSO4 is treated with one of Na2CO3

31. On reaction with dilute H2SO4, which of the following salts will give out a gas that turns an acidified
dichromate paper green?
(a) Na2CO3 (b) Na2S (c) ZnSO3 (d) FeS

32. Which of the following ions can be separated by using NH4Cl and NH4OH?
(a) Fe3+ and Cr3+ (b) Cr3+ and Co2+ (c) Cr3+ and Al3+ (d) Al3+ and Ba2+

33. Which of the following species will be decomposed on acidification?

(a)  Ag NH3 2  (b) Cu NH3 4  (c)  Zn  OH4  (d) Pb  OH4 
 2 2 2

34. Which of the following mixtures of ions in solution can be separated by using NaOH solution?
(a) Fe3+ and Pb2+ (b) Pb2+ and Sn2+ (c) Zn2+ and Sn2+ (d) Al3+ and Cu2+

35. Which of the following ions can be separated by using dilute HCl?
(a) Ag+ and Cu2+ (b) Ag+ and Hg22  (c) Hg22  and Cd2+ (d) Ag+ and Al3+

36. Which of the following substances will leave a black residue on strong heating?
(a) CuSO4. 5H2O (b) ZnCO3 (c) PbCO3 (d) MnSO4

Assertion Reasoning Type

Code
(A) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for Statement – 1.
(B) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True; Statement – 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement –
1.
(C) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is False.
(D) Statement – 1 is False, Statement – 2 is True.

37. Statement – 1: Zn + HNO3 (conc.)  Zn(NO3)2

Statement – 2: Nitric acid plays a double role in action of Zn metal, it acts as an acid
as well as an oxidizing agent.

38. Statement – 1: HgCl2 and SnCl2 cannot exist together in an aqueous solution.
Statement – 2: SnCl2 is a strong reducing agent because Sn shows inert pair effect.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 59
39. Statement – 1: CdS and As2S3 are yellow coloured compounds.
Statement – 2: CdS and As2S3 can be separated by ammonium sulphide.

40. Statement – 1: A solution of AgCl in NH4OH gives a white precipitate when acidified
with HNO3.
Statement – 2: [Ag(NH3)2]+ decomposes in the presence of HNO3.

ANSWERS (Questions For Spark Batches)

1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a)
6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (a)
16. (d) 17. (d) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (d)
21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (d) 24. (a) 25. (c)
26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (ab,c,d)
31. (b,c,d) 32. (b,d) 33. (a,b,c,d) 34. (a,d) 35. (a,c,d)
36. (a, d) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (c)
 60 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

1. Identify the unknown species and complete the following

i) (A)  NaOH 
heat
 NaCl  NH3  H2O ii) NH3 + CO2 + H2O  (B)

iii) (B) + NaCl  (C) + NH4Cl iv) (C) 

heat
 Na2CO3 + H2O + (D)

2. A mixture of the three gases A, B and C is passed first into an acidified dichromate solution when A is
absorbed turning the solution green. The remainder of the gas is passed through an excess of lime water
which turns milky, resulting in the absorption of B. The residual gas C is absorbed by an alkaline
pyrogallol solution. However, the original gaseous mixture does not turn lead acetate paper black. Identify
A, B and C.

3. Complete the following

i) PbS  Acid  Gas 

Acid
C
 Yellow ppt.
(A ) (B) (D)

ii) A  H2S 

NH4 OH
 White ppt.  2HCl
(B)

A  NaOH 
(C)
 ppt. 
NaOH
solution
(D)

iii) PbS 

heat in air
 A  PbS 
B
 Pb  SO2

4. A compound on heating with an excess of caustic soda solution liberates a gas (B), which gives white
fumes on exposure to HCl. Heating is continued to expel the gas completely. The resultant alkaline
solution again liberates the same gas (B), when heated with zinc powder. However, the compound (A),
when heated alone, does not give nitrogen. Identify (A) and (B).
5. A certain metal (A) is boiled in dilute nitric acid to give a salt (B) and an oxide of nitrogen (C). An aqueous
solution of (B) with brine gives a precipitate (D) which is soluble in ammonium hydroxide. On adding
aqueous solution of (B) to hypo solution, a white precipitate (E) is obtained. (E) on standing turns to a
black compound (F). Identify (A) to (F).

6. Identify the unknown species and complete the following

i) (A) + dil.H2SO4 + K2Cr2O7  (B) green coloured
(A) + dil. H2SO4 + (C)  MnSO4
(A)  O2 H2 O
(D)
(D) + BaCl2  White ppt.
ii) (A)aq.  Zn 
heat
(B)gas
(A)aq  (C) 
heat
 PH3

(A)aq  NH4Cl (D)gas

7. The gas liberated, on heating a mixture of two salts with NaOH, gives a reddish brown precipitate with an
alkaline solution of K2HgI4. The aqueous solution of the mixture on treatment with BaCl2 gives a white
precipitate which is sparingly soluble in concentrated HCl. On heating the mixture with K2Cr2O7 and
concentrated H2SO4, red vapours A are produced. The aqueous soluiton of the mixture gives a deep blue
colouration B with potassium ferricyanide solution. Identify the ions in the give mixture and write the
balanced chemcial equations for the formation of A and B.
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 61
8. i) An aqueous solution of a compound (A) is acidic towards litmus and (A) is sublimed at about
300°C.
ii) (A) on treatment with an excess of NH4SNC gives a red coloured compound (B) and on treatment
with a solution of K4[Fe(CN)6] gives a blue coloured compound (C).
iii) (A) on heating with excess of K2Cr2O7 in presence of concentrated H2SO4 evolves deep red vapours
of (D).
iv) On passing the vapours of (D) into a solution of NaOH and then adding the solutions of acetic acid
and lead acetate, a yellow precipitate of compound (E) is obtained.
Identify (A) to (E) and give chemical equations for the reactions at steps (ii) to (iv).
9. An orange solid on heating gave a green residue B, a colourless gas C and water vapour. The dry gas
C on passing over heated Mg gave a white solid D.D on reaction with water gave a gas E which formed
dense white fumes with HCl. Identify A to E and give the reactions involved.
10. A coloulress solid A, when placed into water, produces a heavy white precipitate B. Solid A gives a clear
solution in conc. HCl; however when added to large amount of water, it again gives precipitate of B which
dissolves in dilute HCl. When H2S is passed through a suspension of A or B, a brown black precipitate
(C) is obtained. Compound A liberates a gas D with conc. H2SO4. the gas D is water soluble and gives
white precipitate E with solution of mercurous salts but not with mercuric salts. Identify A to E.
11. i) A blue coloured compound (A) on heating gives two products, (B) and (C).
ii) A metal (D) is deposited on passing hydrogen through heated (B).

iii) The solution of (B) in HCl on treatment with K4Fe(CN)6 gives a chocolate brown coloured precipitate
of compound (E).
iv) (C) turns lime water milky which disappears on continuous passage of (C) forming a compound (F).
Identify (A) to (F) and give chemical equations for the reactions at steps (i) to (iv)

12. i) An inorganic compound (A) is formed on passing a gas (B) through a concentrated liquor containing
sodium sulphide and sodium sulphite.
ii) On adding (A) into a dilute solution of silver nitrate, a white precipitate appears which quickly
changes into a black coloured compound (C).
iii) On adding two or three drops of ferric chloride into the excess of solution of (A), a violet coloured
compound (D) is formed. This colour disappears quickly.
iv) On adding a solution of (A) into the solution of cupric chloride, a white precipitate is first formed
which dissolves on adding excess of (A) forming a compound (E).
Identify (A) to (E) and give chemical equations for the reactions at steps (i) to (iv).

13. A colour inorganic salt (A) decomposes completely at about 250°C to give only two products, (B) and
(C), leaving no residue. The oxide (C) is a liquid at room temperature and neutral to moist litmus paper
while the gas (B) is a neutral oxide. White phosphorus burns in excess of (B) to produce a strong white
dehydrating agent. Write balanced equations for the reactions involved in the above process.

14. An unknown solid mixture contains one or two of the following: CaCO3, BaCl2, AgNO3, Na2SO4, ZnSO4
and NaOH. The mixture is completely soluble in water and solution gives pink colour with phenolphthalein.
When dilute hydrochloric acid is gradually added to the above solution a precipitate is formed which
dissolves with further addition of the acid. What is/are present in the solid? Give equation to explain the
appearance of the precipitate and its dissolution.

15. An aqueous blue coloured solution of a transition metal sulphate reacts with H2S in acidic medium to
give a black precipitate A, which is insoluble in warm aqueous solution of KOH. The blue solution on
treatment with KI in weakly acidic medium, turns yellow and produces a white precipitate B. Identify the
transition metal ion. Write the chemical reactions involved in the formation of A and B.

16. A certain inorganic compound (A) on heating loses its water of crystallization. On further heating, a
blackish brown powder (B) and two oxides of sulphur (C) and (D) are obtained. The powder (B) on boiling
with hydrochloric acid gives a yellow solution (E). When H2S is passed in (E) a white turbidity (F) and an
apple green solution (G) are obtained. The solution (E) on treatment with thiocyanate ions a blood red
coloured compound (H). Identify compounds from (A) to (H).
 62 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
17. The gas liberated, on heating a mixture of two salts with NaOH, gives a reddish brown precipitate with an
alkaline solution of K2HgI4. The aqueous solution of the mixture on treatment with BaCl2 gives a white
precipitate which is sparingly soluble in conc. HCl. On heating the mixture with K 2Cr2O7 and conc. H2SO4
red vapours A are produced. The aqueous solution of the mixture gives a deep blue colouration B with
potassium ferricyanide solution. Identify the radicals in the given mixture and write the balanced equations
for the formation of A and B.

1. A = NH4Cl B = NH4HCO3 C = NaHCO3 D = CO2

2. A = SO2, B = CO2, C = O2
3. i) A = dil. HCl or H2SO4, B = H2S, C = HNO3, D = S
ii) A = ZnCl2, B = ZnS, C = Zn(OH)2, D = Na2ZnO2

iii) 3PbS  2PbO PbS 

heat
(B)
 3Pb  SO2
(A)

4. A = NH4NO3 B = NH3
5. A = Ag B = AgNO-3 C = NO
D = AgCl, E = Ag2S2O3 F = Ag2S
6. i) A = SO2; B = Cr2(SO4)3 C = KMnO4 D = H2SO4
ii) A = NaOH/KOH B = H2 C = P4 D = PH3
7. The observation
NH+4 + OH  NH3 + H2O

2HgI2-
4
+ NH3 + 3OH 
NH2
HgO.Hg + 7I- + 2H2O
I
Iodide of Millon’s base
(brown ppt)
The white precipitate obtained by mixting BaCl2 with aqueous solution of the mixture indicates the presence of
SO24 ions. This is also indicated by the fact that BaSO4 is sparingly soluble in concentrated HCl.
On heating the mixture with K2Cr2O7 and concentrated H2SO4, red vapours (A) are produced. This indicates
the presence of Cl ions. The reactions involved are as follows.
K2Cr2O7 + 4Cl + 6H2SO4  2CrO2Cl2 + 2KHSO4 + 4HSO4 + 3H2O
red vapours
The reddish vapours are due to CrO2Cl2.
The deep blue colouration produced by mixing solution of the mixture and potassium ferricyanide solution
indicates the presence of Fe2+ ions. The deep blue colouration is due to the foramtion of Turnbull’s blue. In
fact, because of the equailibrium
Fe2+ + Fe(CN)63-     Fe3+ + Fe(CN)64-
The solution contains
Chief Products[Ferric potassium,FeK[Fe(CN)6 ]
Ferro ferricyanide, Fe3 [Fe(CN)6 ]2

Minor products [Ferric ferrocyanide,Fe 4 [Fe(CN)6 ]3

Ferro ferricyanide, Fe3 [Fe(CN)6 ]2

8. A = FeCl3 B = Fe(SCN)3 C = Fe4[(Fe(CN)6]3 D = 2CrO2Cl2

E = PbCrO4
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS 63
9. The compounds (A) to (E) along with the reactions involved are

(NH4 )2 Cr2O7 

heat
 Cr2O3  N2  4H2O
(A ) (B) (C) (water
(Orange solid ammonium dichromate) (green residue (colourless gas vapours)
chromic oxide) nitrogen)

N2 + 3Mg  Mg3N2
(C) (D) (white solid)
Mg3N2 + 6H2O  3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3
(D) (E)
NH3 + HCl  NH4Cl
(E) (white fumes)
10. A = BiCl3 B = BiOCl C = Bi2S3 (Brown Black)
D = HCl E = Hg2Cl (white)
11. A = CuSO4 B = CuO C = SO2 D = Cu
12. A = Na2S2O3 B = SO2 C = Ag2S (black)
D = Fe2(S2O3)3 E = Na4[Cu6(S2O3)5]
13. A = NH4NO3 B = N2O C = H2O

14. i) Since the mixture is soluble in water to give strongly alkaline solution, it must contain NaOH as one
of the constituents.
ii) Since the aqueous solution gives precipitate with dil. HCl, which dissolves in excess of dil. HCl, it
must contain zinc salt.
Thus the mixture consists of ZnSO4 and NaOH which explains all the given reactions.
Reactions

ZnSO 4  4NaOH  Na2 ZnO2  Na2SO 4  2H2O

i) 
So lub le

ii) Na2 ZnO2  2HCl  2NaCl  Zn(OH)2 

Zn(OH)2  2HCl  ZnCl2  2H2O

So lub le
15. A = CuS B = Cu2I2 (white)

16. A = FeSO47H2O B = Fe2O3 C = SO2

D = SO3 E = FeCl3 F = S
G = FeCl2 H = Fe(CNS)3

17. A = CrO2Cl2 B = Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2

* * *