And But Because So

Connectors are used to join and connect clauses.
They express different things.
And expresses addition. But expresses contrast.

When we use it, we add When we use it we are
something to the previous opposing two ideas.
clause.
Because expresses cause. So expresses the result of

When we use it we are something stated on the
presenting a reason. previous clause.
A) Now join the two pairs of the sentences written

below that illustrate the pictures on the left by using
and, but, because or so.
John took a bath early in the morning.

He had to go to the doctor.
1
_______________________________________________
The family had dinner very quickly.

They wanted to go to the museum.
2
_______________________________________________
Bella took off her slippers.

She went to bed afterwards.
3
_______________________________________________
Ben lost the boxing challenge. He didn’t care

because he is a plus at martial arts.
4
_______________________________________________
Greg didn’t want to forget His meeting with Mr.

Harris. He put a reminder on his finger. 5
_______________________________________________
George got an A+ at English.

He felt really happy.
6
_______________________________________________
B) Now do the same with the sentences below.
1. I can’t speak French. I can speak German. ________________________________________________

2. You can’t go to the park. It is closed. ____________________________________________________
3. She is thin. She eats a lot. ___________________________________________________________
4. Barbara is intelligent. She gets good grades. ______________________________________________
5. Michael doesn’t study. He gets good grades. ______________________________________________
6. Richard didn’t go to work. He had the flu. ________________________________________________
7. I was very nervous. I didn’t pass the driving test. __________________________________________
8. Samuel goes to school by bus. I go with him. ______________________________________________
C) Fill in with and or but. D) Fill in with because or so.
1. I am fat _____________ I am happy. 1. Ian touched the wire ______________ he got an

2. Charles is a very hard-working man __________ electric shock.
he got the promotion. 2. Ian got an electric shock ______________ he
touched the wire.
3. They didn’t see that film ___________ they
3. I’m going to bed ____________ I’m very sleepy.
know the plot.
4. I haven’t’ got enough butter____________ I’m going
4. Sue is an attentive student ___________ she is
to buy some.
not very intelligent. 5. Charles is a very hard-working man __________ he
5. Jim is a rude boy __________ nobody likes him. got the promotion.
6. The lift is functioning ___________ I’ll take the 6. Today is Peter’s birthday ______ we have to buy
stairs. him a present.
7. The pupils didn’t study for the test _________ 7. It’s very hot outside _______ we must be cautious.
they didn’t get good results.
E) Choose the connector given on the right to complete the sentences .
1. I’m going to England _________ I want to improve my English. 1. because, so

2. My mother likes tea __________ my father prefers coffee. 2. and, but
3. I’ hungry ___________ I haven’t taken breakfast yet. 3. so, because
4. I’ve lost my keys __________ now I can’t get into my house. 4. but, so
5. Susan can’t cook ___________ her mother didn’t teach her. 5. so, because.
6. You didn’t understand this _______ you didn’t pay attention. 6. but, because
7. Paul gets up __________________ has a shower. 7. because, and
8. My Mum works in the office ______ she doesn’t like it. 8. but, so
9. There are plenty of books in the shelves ______ you can read. 9. but, so
10. The kitchen is dirty ___________ you didn’t clean it. 10. but, because
11. The baby is crying ____________ you didn’t feed him. 11. and, because
12. Vera went to France on holiday ___ she visit the Eiffel Tower. 12. and, but
ANSWER KEY
A)
1. John took a bath early in the morning because he had to go to the doctor.
2. The family had dinner very quickly because they wanted to go to the museum.
3. Bella took off her slippers and went to bed afterwards.
4. Ben lost the boxing challenge but he didn’t care because he is a plus at martial arts.
5. Greg didn’t want to forget His meeting with Mr. Harris so he put a reminder on his finger.
6. George got an A+ at English so he felt really happy.
B)
1. I can’t speak French but I can speak German.
2. You can’t go to the park because it is closed.
3. She is thin but she eats a lot.
4. Barbara is intelligent so she gets good grades.
5. Michael doesn’t study but he gets good grades.
6. Richard didn’t go to work because he had the flu.
7. I was very nervous so I didn’t pass the driving test.
8. Samuel goes to school by bus and I go with him.
C)
1. I am fat but I am happy.
2. Charles is a very hard-working man and he got the promotion.
3. They didn’t see that film but they know the plot.
4. Sue is an attentive student but she is not very intelligent.
5. Jim is a rude boy and nobody likes him.
6. The lift is functioning but I’ll take the stairs.
7. The pupils didn’t study for the test and they didn’t get good results.
D)
1. Ian touched the wire so he got an electric shock.
2. Ian got an electric shock because he touched the wire.
3. I’m going to bed because I’m very sleepy.
4. I haven’t’ got enough butter so I’m going to buy some.
5. Charles is a very hard-working man so he got the promotion.
6. Today is Peter’s birthday so we have to buy him a present.
7. It’s very hot outside so we must be cautious.
E)
1. because 7. and
2. but 8. but
3. because 9. so
4. so 10. because
5. because 11. because
6. because 12. and

And But Because So

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And But Because So

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Connectors are used to join and connect clauses.

They express different things.

And expresses addition. But expresses contrast.

Because expresses cause. So expresses the result of

A) Now join the two pairs of the sentences written

John took a bath early in the morning.

The family had dinner very quickly.

Bella took off her slippers.

Ben lost the boxing challenge. He didn’t care

Greg didn’t want to forget His meeting with Mr.

George got an A+ at English.

1. I can’t speak French. I can speak German. ________________________________________________

C) Fill in with and or but. D) Fill in with because or so.

1. I am fat _ I am happy. 1. Ian touched the wire __ he got an

E) Choose the connector given on the right to complete the sentences .

1. I’m going to England _________ I want to improve my English. 1. because, so

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