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    Lecture 41

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    mitulvardhan

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lecture 41

    Uploaded by

    mitulvardhan
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views25 pages

    Lecture 41

    Uploaded by

    mitulvardhan

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    SDN architecture and its fundamental abstractions

    Link Layer: 6-1


    Traditional networking versus SDN

    Link Layer: 6-2


    Distributed controllers: east/westbound APIs

    Link Layer: 6-3


    Standard Bodies
    • Open Networking Foundation
    • http://www.openflow.org/
    • https://www.opennetworking.org/

    • IETF
    • http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nadeau-sdn-problem-statement-00
    • http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nadeau-sdn-framework-0

    Link Layer: 6-4


    Benefits of SDN
    • Ease Innovation in Network
    • Experiment and research using non-expensive equipment
    • More accessibility since software can be easily developed
    • Quick deployment – No hardware fabrication cycles
    • More Flexibility with programmability
    • Ease of customization and integration with other software
    applications
    • Fast upgrades
    • Program a network Vs Configure a network

    Link Layer: 6-5


    Software Defined Networking
    • Questions:

    • How to obtain global information?


    • What are the configurations?
    • How to implement?
    • How is the scalability?
    • How does it really work?

    6
    OpenFlow

    • Like hardware drivers


    – interface between switches and Network OS

    7
    OpenFlow

    Control Path (Software)

    Data Path (Hardware) 8

    OpenFlow/SDN tutorial, Srini Seetharaman, Deutsche Telekom, Silicon Valley Innovation Center
    OpenFlow
    OpenFlow Controller
    OpenFlow Protocol (SSL/TCP)

    Control Path OpenFlow

    Data Path (Hardware) 9

    OpenFlow/SDN tutorial, Srini Seetharaman, Deutsche Telekom, Silicon Valley Innovation Center
    OpenFlow V1.0
    • On packet arrival, match the header fields with flow entries in a table,
    if any entry matches, update the counters indicated in that entry and
    perform indicated actions.

    Source: Prof. Raj Jain’s OpenFlow slides


    Flow Table Example

    • Idle timeout: Remove entry if no packets received for this time


    • Hard timeout: Remove entry after this time
    • If both are set, the entry is removed if either one expires.
    Source: Prof. Raj Jain’s OpenFlow slides
    Counters

    Source: Prof. Raj Jain’s OpenFlow slides


    Actions

    Source: Prof. Raj Jain’s OpenFlow slides


    Actions Cont..
    • Masking allows matching only selected fields,
    • e.g., Dest. IP, Dest. MAC, etc.
    • If header matches an entry, corresponding actions are performed and
    counters are updated.
    • If no header match, the packet is queued and the header is sent to the
    controller, which sends a new rule. Subsequent packets of the flow are
    handled by this rule.
    • Secure Channel: Between controller and the switch using TLS
    • Modern switches already implement flow tables, typically using Ternary
    Content Addressable Memories (TCAMs)
    • Controller can send flow table entries beforehand (Proactive) or Send on
    demand (Reactive). OpenFlow allows both models.

    Source: Prof. Raj Jain’s OpenFlow slides


    Controller
    OpenFlow Switching
    PC
    Software
    Layer
    OpenFlow Client

    OpenFlow Table
    MAC MAC IP IP TCP TCP
    Action
    src dst Src Dst sport dport
    Hardware
    * * * 5.6.7.8 * * port 1
    Layer

    port 1 port 2 port 3 port 4

    15

    5.6.7.8 1.2.3.4 15
    The Stanford Clean Slate Program, http://cleanslate.stanford.edu
    OpenFlow Table Entry
    Rule Action Stats

    Packet + byte counters

    1.Forward packet to port(s)


    2.Encapsulate and forward to controller
    3.Drop packet
    4.Send to normal processing pipeline
    5.…

    Switch MAC MAC Eth VLAN IP IP IP TCP TCP


    Port src dst type ID Src Dst Prot sport dport
    16

    The Stanford Clean Slate Program, http://cleanslate.stanford.edu


    OpenFlow Examples
    Switching

    Switch MAC MAC Eth VLAN IP IP IP TCP TCP


    Action
    Port src dst type ID Src Dst Prot sport dport
    * * 00:1f:.. * * * * * * * port6
    Routing

    Switch MAC MAC Eth VLAN IP IP IP TCP TCP


    Action
    Port src dst type ID Src Dst Prot sport dport
    * * * * * * 5.6.7.8 * * * port6

    Firewall

    Switch MAC MAC Eth VLAN IP IP IP TCP TCP


    Action
    Port src dst type ID Src Dst Prot sport dport
    17
    * * * * * * * * * 22 drop

    OpenFlow/SDN tutorial, Srini Seetharaman, Deutsche Telekom, Silicon Valley Innovation Center
    OpenFlow-enabled SDN devices

    Link Layer: 6-18


    OpenFlow Usage
    Controller
    » Alice’s code: Alice’s Rule
    OpenFlow Switch Alice’s code
    ˃ Simple learning switch
    PC
    ˃ Per Flow switching
    ˃ Network access
    control/firewall Decision?
    ˃ Static “VLANs” OpenFlow
    Protocol
    ˃ Her own new routing protocol:
    unicast, multicast, multipath
    Alice’s Rule Alice’s Rule
    ˃ Switch
    OpenFlow
    Home network manager OpenFlow Switch

    ˃ Packet processor (in


    controller)
    ˃ IPvAlice
    19

    OpenFlow/SDN tutorial, Srini Seetharaman, Deutsche Telekom, Silicon Valley Innovation Center
    Centralized/Distributed Control
    • “Onix: A Distributed Control Platform for Large-scale Production Networks”

    Centralized Control Distributed Control


    Controller Controller

    OpenFlow OpenFlow
    Switch Switch
    Controller

    OpenFlow OpenFlow
    Switch Switch

    OpenFlow OpenFlow
    Switch Switch
    Control plane signaling

    Source: Software-Defined Networking Using OpenFlow: Protocols, Applications and Architectural Design Choices, Future Internet Link Layer: 6-21
    OpenFlow Cont..

    Link Layer: 6-22


    Connection Est.

    Link Layer: 6-23


    Flow Management

    Source: Software-Defined Networking Using OpenFlow: Protocols, Applications and Architectural Design Choices, Future Internet Link Layer: 6-24
    Very Good Survey Paper on SDN
    • Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive Survey by Diego Kreutz and others [Added in the google
    classroom]

    Link Layer: 6-25

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