TR 25 : 2016+A1:2020

(ICS 43.120)

TECHNICAL REFERENCE

Electric vehicle charging system

Incorporating Amendment No. 1

 TR 25 : 2016+A1:2020
(ICS 43.120)

TECHNICAL REFERENCE
Electric vehicle charging system

Published by Enterprise Singapore

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this Technical Reference may
be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying and microfilming, without permission in writing from Enterprise Singapore.
Request for permission can be sent to: [email protected].

© Enterprise Singapore 2020

ISBN 978-981-49-2578-5
 TR 25 : 2016+A1:2020

First published, 2010

First revision, 2016
Second revision, 2020

NOTE

1. Singapore Standards (SSs) and Technical References (TRs) are reviewed periodically to keep abreast of technical
changes, technological developments and industry practices. The changes are documented through the issue of
either amendments or revisions. Where SSs are deemed to be stable, i.e. no foreseeable changes in them, they will be
classified as “Mature Standards”. Mature Standards will not be subject to further review, unless there are requests to review
such standards.

2. An SS or TR is voluntary in nature except when it is made mandatory by a regulatory authority. It can also be cited in contracts
making its application a business necessity. Users are advised to assess and determine whether the SS or TR is suitable for
their intended use or purpose. If required, they should refer to the relevant professionals or experts for advice on the use of
the document. Enterprise Singapore and the Singapore Standards Council shall not be liable for any damages whether directly
or indirectly suffered by anyone or any organisation as a result of the use of any SS or TR. Although care has been taken to
draft this standard, users are also advised to ensure that they apply the information after due diligence.

3. Compliance with a SS or TR does not exempt users from any legal obligations.

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Contents
Page

Foreword 7

Section One – General requirements and a.c. electric vehicle charging station
1.1 Scope and objective 9
1.2 Normative references 9
1.3 Definitions – a.c. charging 12
1.4 General requirements 16
1.5 Source of supply 19
1.6 Modes of EV charging and control pilot function 20
1.7 Protection against electric shock 27
1.8 Connection between the power supply and the EV 30
1.9 Specific requirements for vehicle inlet, connector, plug and socket-outlet 33
1.10 Charging cable assembly requirements 35
1.11 EV supply equipment requirements 37
1.12 Installation requirements for EV public charging station 47

Section Two – General requirements and d.c. electric vehicle charging station using Mode 4
charging
2.1 Scope 51
2.2 Normative references 51
2.3 Definitions – d.c. charging 51
2.4 General requirements 53
2.5 Rating of the supply a.c. voltage 53
2.6 General system requirement and interface 53
2.7 Protection against electric shock 60
2.8 Connection between the power supply and the EV 62
2.9 Specific requirements for vehicle inlet and vehicle connector 63
2.10 Charging cable assembly requirements 64
2.11 EV supply equipment requirements 65
2.12 Specific requirements for d.c. EV charging station 74
2.13 Communication between EV and d.c. EV charging station 78

Section Three – General requirements for the commissioning, testing and inspection of EV As amended
charging stations Dec 2020

3.1 Scope and objectives 83

3.2 Normative references 84
3.3 Frequency of testing and inspection 84

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Page

3.4 Fault reporting procedure 84

3.5 Maintenance and documentation 84

Annexes to Section One

A (normative) Control pilot function through a control pilot circuit using a PWM signal
and a control pilot wire 85
B (normative) Proximity detection for the basic interface 117
C (normative) Vehicle coupler Type 1 119
D (normative) Illustrations of EV modes of charging 124
E (normative) Vehicle coupler Type 2 127

Annexes to Section Two

AA-(1) (normative) D.C. EV charging station of System A (CHAdeMO) 132
AA-(2) (normative) Vehicle coupler, Configuration AA (CHAdeMO) 200 A, 600 V d.c. 145
BB Reserved for future use 158
CC-(1) (normative) D.C. EV charging station of System C (combined charging system) 159
CC-(2) (normative) Vehicle coupler, Configuration EE 200 A, 600 V d.c. 174
DD Reserved for future use 183
EE (informative) Typical configuration of d.c. charging system 184
FF (normative) Vehicle coupler, Configuration FF 200 A, 1000 V d.c. All modes 185

As amended Annex to Section Three

Dec 2020
AAA Periodic inspection and testing of EV charging station checklist and report 198

Tables
1.1 Overview of the basic vehicle interface, Type 1, single-phase 31
1.2 Overview of the basic vehicle interface, Type 2, three-phase or single-phase 31
1.3 Modes and permissible connections 33
1.4 Touch current limits 41
As amended 1.5 Matching wall socket-outlet and switch assembly for Mode 2 IC-CPD (formerly ICCB) 21
Dec 2020
2.1 Conductive disturbance limit at d.c. charging cable (frequency range 150 kHz to 30
MHz) 73
2.2 Limit values of low frequency radiated disturbance emission of d.c. EV charging
station 74
2.3 Current ripple limit of d.c. EV charging station 77
2.4 Charging state of d.c. EV charging station 79
2.5 Charging control process of d.c. EV charging station at system action level 81

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A.1 Maximum allowable high frequency signal voltages on control pilot conductor and
the protective conductor 88
A.2 Control pilot circuit parameters and values for the EV supply equipment 89
A.3 EV control pilot circuit values and parameters and values for the EV 90
A.4 System states detected by the EV supply equipment 90
A.5 State behaviour 92
A.6 List of sequences 95
A.7 Pilot duty cycle provided by EV supply equipment 106
A.8 Maximum current to be drawn by vehicle 107
A.9 Test resistance values 108
A.10 Parameters of control pilot voltages 109
A.11 Test parameters of control pilot signals 110
A.12 Parameters for sequence tests 110
A.13 Position of switches 114
A.14 Initial settings of the potentiometer at the beginning of each test 115
B.1 Component values proximity circuit without current coding 118
AA.1 Definition of symbols in Figure AA.1 and Figure AA.2 134
AA.2 Parameters and values for interface circuit in Figure AA.2 135
AA.3 Principle of fault protection 135
AA.4 Requirements for earth fault monitoring 137
AA.5 Recommended specification of charging current requested by the vehicle 143
AA.6 Requirements for the output response performance of d.c. EV charging station 144
CC.1 D.C. couplers and maximum system output voltage for combined charging system 159
CC.2 Definition of proximity resistor for Configuration FF 159
CC.3 Sequence diagram for normal start-up 162
CC.4 Sequence description for normal shutdown 164
CC.5 Definition and description of symbols / terms 173
FF.1 Functionality of the contacts for d.c. Configuration FF 185

Figures
1.1 Definition of cable connection methods and recommended practices 23
2.1 Overvoltage protection in case of earth fault 58
2.2 Measuring network of touch current weighted for perception or reaction 68
2.3 Step response for constant value control 76
2.4 Current ripple measurement equipment with capacitor 77
2.5 Maximum ratings for voltage dynamics 78

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A.1 Typical control pilot circuit (equivalent circuit) 86

A.2 Simplified control pilot circuit (equivalent circuit) 87
A.3 State diagram for typical control pilot (informative) 93
A.4 State diagram for simplified control pilot (informative) 94
A.5 Test sequence using typical control pilot circuit 111
A.6 Test sequence using simplified control pilot circuit 111
A.7 Optional test sequence with interruption by EV supply equipment 111
A.8 Example of a test circuit (EV simulator) 112
B.1 Equivalent circuit diagram for proximity function using an auxiliary switch and no
current coding 117
AA.1 Overall schematic of System A station and EV 132
AA.2 Interface circuit for charging control of System A station 133
AA.3 Failure detection principle by detection of d.c. leakage current 136
AA.4 Example of vehicle connector latch and lock monitoring circuit 138
AA.5 State transition diagram of charging process for System A 141
AA.6 Sequence diagram of System A 142
AA.7 Charging current value requested by the vehicle 143
AA.8 Output response performance of d.c. EV charging station 144
CC.1 Sequence diagram for normal start-up 161
CC.2 Sequence diagram and description for normal shutdown 163
CC.3 Sequence diagram for d.c. supply initiated emergency shutdown 165
CC.4 Sequence diagram for EV initiated emergency shutdown 167
CC.5 Special components for wZ coupler 170
CC.6 System schematics of combo d.c. charging system 172
EE.1 Typical configuration of d.c. charging system 184

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Foreword

This Technical Reference (TR) was prepared by the Technical Committee on Electric Vehicles under
the purview of the Electrical and Electronic Standards Committee (EESC). It was endorsed by the
EESC on 21 July 2016.

This TR was revised to further align with the international requirements IEC 61851 series and IEC 62196
series of standards. Section One retains most of the requirements of the 2010 edition of the TR and
includes requirements for a.c. charging using Type 2 vehicle coupler and accessories. The control pilot
function requirement using PWM signal was also updated. New requirements covering d.c. charging
stations and accessories are covered in Section Two. Requirements for “Energy transfer from vehicle
to grid” are not considered in this revision.

This TR is a provisional standard made available for application over a period of two years. The aim is
to use the experience gained to update the TR so that it can be adopted as a Singapore
Standard. Users of the TR are invited to provide feedback on its technical content, clarity and ease of
use. Feedback can be submitted using the form provided in the TR. At the end of the two years, the
TR will be reviewed, taking into account any feedback or other considerations, to further its development
into a Singapore Standard if found suitable.

In preparing this TR, references were made to the following standards:

1. Singapore Standard SS CP 5 : 1998 Code of practice for electrical installations

2. IEC 61851 Electric vehicle conductive charging system

− Part 1:2001 General requirements

− Part 1:2010 General requirements

− Part 1 FDIS:2016 General requirements (Edition 3.0)

− Part 21-2 CD:2014 EMC requirements for OFF board electric vehicle charging systems
(Edition 1.0)

− Part 22:2001 AC electric vehicle charging station

− Part 23:2014 DC electric vehicle charging station

3. IEC 62196 Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle connector and vehicle inlets – Conductive charging of
electric vehicles

– Part 1:2014 General requirements

– Part 2:2016 Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for a.c. pin and
contact-tube accessories

– Part 3:2014 Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for d.c. and
a.c./d.c. pin and contact-tube vehicle couplers

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Acknowledgement is made to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for permission to

reproduce information from the following International Standards:

IEC 62196-1:2014

− Clauses 14 and 15
− Clauses 22 and 23
− Figures 8 to 10

IEC 62196-2:2011

− Table 103 (Sheet 2-I, Type 1, Sheet 2-IIe, 2IIf and 2IIh Type 2)

IEC 62196-3:2014

− Standard sheets (Configuration AA, Standard Sheet 3-Ia to 3-If and Configuration FF Standard
Sheet 3-Iva, 3IVc)

IEC 61851-1 (FDIS)

− Clauses 6.2 and 6.3

− Clause 7
− Clause 8
− Clauses 12.1 to 12.4, 12.6
− Clauses 12.9 and 12.10
− Annex A

IEC 61851-23: 2013

− Clause 6 and 7
− Clause 10
− Clauses 101 and 102
− Annex AA
− Annex CC
− Annex EE
− Figures 101 to 105
− Figure AA.1 to AA.8
− Figures CC.1 to CC.6
− Tables 101 to 103
− Tables AA.1 to AA.6
− Tables CC1 to CC5

All such extracts are copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved. Further information on
the IEC is available from www.iec.ch. IEC has no responsibility for the placement and context in which
the extracts and contents are reproduced in this TR, nor is IEC in any way responsible for the other
content or accuracy therein.

At the time of publication, this TR is expected to be used for public charging stations for EVs including
the EV Phase 2 projects led by the Economic Development Board (EDB) and Land Transport Authority
(LTA).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this TR may be the subject of patent
rights. Enterprise Singapore shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all of such patent rights.

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Technical Reference for electric vehicle charging system

Section One – General requirements and a.c. electric vehicle charging station

1.1 Scope and objective

This Technical Reference is applicable to on-board and off-board equipment for charging electric
vehicles in public or private car parks, public places and private residential premises at standard a.c.
supply voltages up to 1000 V and at d.c. voltages up to 1500 V.

It covers the requirements for electrical installation, functional needs and safety, and connection to the
electric vehicle.

The objective of this Technical Reference is to provide guidelines for electric vehicle charging system
that aligns with currently accepted international practices and takes into consideration local conditions.
It states the safety requirements to protect person and property against electrical hazards.

1.2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of Section One and Section
Two of this Technical Reference. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.

SS CP 5 Code of practice for electrical installations

SS 97 : Part 1 : 2005 Residual current operated circuit-breaker without integral overcurrent
protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs), Part 1 : General
rules
IEC 60038 IEC standard voltages
IEC 60068 Environmental testing
Part 2-1 : Tests – Tests A: Cold
Part 2-5 : Tests – Test Sa: Simulated solar radiation at ground level
and guidance for solar radiation testing
Part 2-30 : Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle)
Part 2-52 : Tests – Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium, chloride solution)
Part 2-75 : Tests – Test Eh: Hammer tests
Part 2-78 : Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
IEC 60079 Explosive atmospheres
IEC 60245-1 Rubber insulated cables. Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V
Part 1 : General requirements
Part 2 : Test methods
Part 3 : Heat resistant silicone rubber insulated cables
Part 4 : Cords and flexible cables
Part 6 : Arc welding electrode cables

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IEC 60309 Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes

Part 1 : General requirements
Part 2 : Dimensional interchangeability requirements for pin and contact-
tube accessories
IEC 60364-4-41 Low voltage electrical installations, Part 4-41 : Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
IEC 60364-5-54 Low-voltage electrical installations, Part 5-54: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60664 Insulation coordination for equipment within low voltage systems, Part
1 : Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60884 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes
Part 1 : General requirements
Part 2-5 : Particular requirements for adaptors
IEC 60947 Low voltage switchgear and controlgear
Part 1 : General rules
Part 2 : Circuit-breakers
Part 3 : Switches, disconnectors, switch-disconnectors and 307 fuse-
combination units
Part 4 : Contactors and motor starters – Electromechanical contactors
and motor- starters
IEC 60950-1 Information technology equipment – Safety, Part 1 : General
requirements
IEC 60990 Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor
current
IEC 61000 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
Part 3-2 : Limits – Limits for harmonic current emissions
(equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase)
Part 3-12 : Limits – Limits for harmonic currents produced by
equipment connected to public low-voltage systems with
input current > 16 A and ≤ 75 A per phase
Part 6-1 : Generic standards – Immunity for residential, commercial
and light-industrial environments
Part 6-3 : Generic standards – Emission standard for residential,
commercial and light-industrial environments
IEC 61008-1 Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent
protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs) – General rules
IEC 61009-1 Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent
protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) – General rules
IEC 61140 Protection against electric shock. Common aspects for installation and
equipment
IEC 61180-1 High-voltage test techniques for low voltage equipment, Part 1 :
Definitions, test and procedure requirements
IEC 61316 Industrial cable reels
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IEC 61439-1 Low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, Part 1 : General
rules
IEC TS 61439-7 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, Part 7 : Assemblies
for specific applications such as marinas, camping sites, market
squares, electric vehicles charging stations
IEC 61508 (all parts) Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic
safety-related systems
IEC 61540 Electrical accessories – Portable residual current devices without
integral overcurrent protection for household and similar use (PRCDs)
IEC 61558-1 Safety of power transformers, power supplies, reactors and similar
products, Part 1 : General requirements and tests
IEC 61558-2-4 Safety of transformers, reactors, power supply units and similar products
for supply voltages up to 1100 V, Part 2-4 : Particular requirements and
tests for isolating transformers and power supply units incorporating
isolating transformers
IEC 61810-1 Electromechanical elementary relays, Part 1 : General requirements
IEC 61851 Electric vehicle conductive charging system
Part 1 : General requirements
Part 21 : Electric vehicle requirements for conductive connection to an
a.c./d.c. supply
Part 23 : DC electric vehicle charging station
Part 24 : Digital communication between a d.c. EV charging station and
an electric vehicle for control of d.c. charging
IEC 62196 Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle connectors and vehicle inlets – Conductive
charging of electric vehicles
Part 1 : General requirements
Part 2 : Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for
a.c. pin and contact-tube accessories
Part 3 : Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for
d.c. and a.c./d.c. pin and contact-tube vehicle couplers
IEC 62262 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment
against external mechanical impacts (IK Code)
IEC 62335 Circuit breakers – Switched protective earth portable residual current
devices for class I and battery powered vehicle applications
IEC 62752 In-cable control and protection device for mode 2 charging of electric
road vehicles (IC-CPD)
IEC CISPR 11 Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency
disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement
IEC CISPR 16 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods
Part 1-2 : Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Coupling devices for conducted disturbance measurements
Part 2-3 : Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity –
Radiated disturbance measurements

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ISO 6469-2 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Safety specifications, Part 2 :

Vehicle operational safety means and protection against failures
ISO 15118-3 Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication interface, Part 3 : Physical
and data link layer requirements
ISO 17409 Electrically propelled road vehicles – Connection to and external electric
power supply – Safety requirements
SAE J1772 Electric vehicle conductive charge coupler
Transmission Code of Singapore (available online)

1.3 Definitions – a.c. charging

For the purpose of this Technical Reference, the following definitions apply:

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