5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

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Paper 1
Questions are applicable for both core and extended candidates

1 Which row describes the changes that occur when metals burn in oxygen?

temperature metal

A decreases oxidised
B decreases reduced
C increases oxidised
D increases reduced

2 When calcium carbonate is heated strongly, carbon dioxide gas is produced.

Which words describe the type of change that occurs?

A endothermic and chemical

B endothermic and physical
C exothermic and chemical
D exothermic and physical

3 A reaction pathway diagram is shown.

products

energy
reactants

progress of reaction

Which statement about this reaction is correct?

A The reaction rate increases during the reaction.

B The reaction is endothermic.
C The reaction transfers thermal energy to the surroundings.
D The temperature of the surroundings increases.
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

4 The reaction pathway diagram for a reaction is shown.

products

energy
reactants

progress of reaction

Which statements are correct?

1 The reaction is exothermic.

2 The reaction is endothermic.
3 The temperature of the surroundings increases.
4 The temperature of the surroundings decreases.

A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

5 Which change of state is an exothermic process?

A condensation
B evaporation
C melting
D sublimation

6 Which row describes the changes that occur in an endothermic reaction?

energy change temperature

A energy given out to decreases
the surroundings
B energy given out to increases
the surroundings
C energy taken in from decreases
the surroundings
D energy taken in from increases
the surroundings
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

7 The equation for the reaction when hydrogen is used as a fuel is shown.

2H2 + O2  2H2O

Which statement about this reaction is correct?

A Energy is given out so the temperature of the surroundings decreases.

B Energy is taken in so the temperature of the surroundings increases.
C The reaction is endothermic so the temperature of the surroundings decreases.
D The reaction is exothermic so the temperature of the surroundings increases.
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Paper 2
Questions are applicable for both core and extended candidates
unless indicated in the question

8 Which statement defines the activation energy, Ea, for a reaction? (extended only)

A It is the minimum energy that colliding particles must have to react.

B It is the minimum energy that endothermic reactions take in from their surroundings.
C It is the maximum energy that exothermic reactions transfer to their surroundings.
D It is the maximum energy released when the bonds in the products of a reaction form.

9 The equation for the complete combustion of ethyne, H–C≡C–H, is shown.

2H–C≡C–H + 5O=O → 4O=C=O + 2H–O–H

The bond energies are listed. (extended only)

bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol

C≡C 837
C–H 415
O=O 498
C=O 805
O–H 464

What is the enthalpy change of the reaction when 1 mol of ethyne is completely burned?
(extended only)

A –2472 kJ / mol
B –1236 kJ / mol
C +1236 kJ / mol
D +2472 kJ / mol
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

10 When powdered sodium carbonate and aqueous ethanoic acid are mixed, the temperature of the
mixture falls.

Which statement about this reaction is correct? (extended only)

A The reaction is endothermic and ∆H is negative.

B The reaction is endothermic and ∆H is positive.

C The reaction is exothermic and H is negative.

D The reaction is exothermic and ∆H is positive.

11 Ethene gas, C2H4, is completely burned in excess oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.

The equation for this exothermic reaction is shown.

C2H4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O

The table shows the bond energies involved in the reaction. (extended only)

bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol

C=C 614
C–H 413
O=O 495
C=O 799
O–H 467

What is the total energy change in this reaction? (extended only)

A –954 kJ / mol
B –1010 kJ / mol
C –1313 kJ / mol
D –1369 kJ / mol
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

12 Which reaction pathway diagram represents an endothermic reaction? (extended only)

A B

products products

energy energy
'H = –24 kJ / mol 'H = +24 kJ / mol
reactants reactants

progress of reaction progress of reaction

C D

reactants reactants

energy energy
'H = +24 kJ / mol 'H = –24 kJ / mol

products products

progress of reaction progress of reaction

5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

13 Hydrogen burns in oxygen.

The equation for the reaction is shown.

2H2 + O2  2H2O

The table shows the bond energies involved. (extended only)

bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol

H–H 436
O=O 498
O–H 464

What is the energy given out during the reaction? (extended only)

A –3226 kJ / mol
B –884 kJ / mol
C –486 kJ / mol
D –442 kJ / mol
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

14 Which diagram is a correctly labelled reaction pathway diagram for an endothermic reaction?

(extended only)

A B

products products

overall
activation
energy energy
overall energy energy
change activation
energy
energy
change
reactants reactants

progress of reaction progress of reaction

C D

activation
reactants reactants energy

overall activation overall

energy energy energy
energy energy
change change

products products

progress of reaction progress of reaction

15 Which row describes the changes that occur in an endothermic reaction?

energy change temperature

A energy given out to decreases
the surroundings
B energy given out to increases
the surroundings
C energy taken in from decreases
the surroundings
D energy taken in from increases
the surroundings
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

16 Which statement about endothermic and exothermic reactions is correct? (extended only)

A In an endothermic reaction, less energy is absorbed in bond breaking than is released in

bond forming.
B In an endothermic reaction, the activation energy is always higher than in an exothermic
reaction.
C In an exothermic reaction, more energy is absorbed in bond breaking than is released in
bond forming.
D In an exothermic reaction, the reactants are higher on an energy level diagram than the
products.

17 The equation for the reaction between gaseous hydrogen and gaseous iodine to form gaseous
hydrogen iodide is shown.

H2(g) + I2(g)  2HI(g)

The reaction is exothermic.

Which statement explains why the reaction is exothermic? (extended only)

A Energy is released when H–H and I–I bonds are broken.

B The bond energies of the reactants are larger than the bond energies of the products.
C The products are at a higher energy level than the reactants.

D More energy is released when two HI bonds are formed than is used when the H–H and I–I
bonds are broken.
5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions - CAIE Chemistry IGCSE PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

18 Ethene can undergo complete combustion, as shown.

H H

C C + 3O O 2O C O + 2H O H

H H

Some bond energies are given in the table. (extended only)

bond energy
bond
in kJ / mol

C=C 612
C–H 412
O–H 463
O=O 496

The energy change of the reaction is –1408 kJ / mol.

What is the bond energy of the C=O bond in CO2? (extended only)

A 454 kJ / mol B 673 kJ / mol C 826 kJ / mol D 1619 kJ / mol