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    Working LL Lecture Note 3

    Uploaded by

    Meron Berihun

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Working LL Lecture Note 3

    Uploaded by

    Meron Berihun
    6 views7 pages

    Original Title

    Working ll lecture Note 3

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

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    6 views7 pages

    Working LL Lecture Note 3

    Uploaded by

    Meron Berihun

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    23 Architectural Working Drawing II ARCH 3205

    FLOOR SLAB REINFORCEMENT


    This section addresses reinforcement of concrete floors as it relates to their constructability.
    Components of a typical slab on ground, upper floor, roof slab and cantilever slab are presented
    hereafter.

    Ground floor

    Reinforcement in nonstructural slab-on-ground installations is provided primarily to control the


    width of cracks that occur When positioned
    in the upper or top portion of the slab
    thickness, steel reinforcement limits the
    widths of random cracks that may occur
    because of concrete shrinkage and
    temperature restraints, subbase settlement,
    applied loads or other issues. This type of
    reinforcement is commonly called
    shrinkage and temperature reinforcement.

    Shrinkage and temperature reinforcement is different than structural reinforcement. Structural


    reinforcement is typically placed in the bottom portion of the slab thickness for the purpose of
    increasing the slab's load capacity.
    Most structural slabs-on-ground have
    both top and bottom layers of
    reinforcement for controlling crack-
    widths and increasing load capacities.
    Because of constructability issues and
    costs associated with two layers of
    reinforcement, structural slabs-on-
    ground are not as common as
    nonstructural slabs.

    The reinforced concrete floor slab is kept free of the perimeter walls or beam. The mesh
    reinforcement in the slab is placed in the top with 25mm covers. The slab is constructed on well
    compacted granular fill, crushed stone or marl. Whereas ACI Committee 302 report referring the

    LECTURE NOTE III 23


    24 Architectural Working Drawing II ARCH 3205

    Wire Reinforcement Institute recommends that reinforcement be placed 2 in. (50 mm) below the slab
    surface or upper one-third of slab thickness, whichever is closer to the surface. Reinforcement should
    extend to within 2 in. (50 mm) of the slab edge.

    Steel reinforcing bars and welded wire reinforcement will not prevent cracking. Reinforcement is
    basically dormant until the concrete cracks. After cracking, it becomes active and controls crack
    widths by restricting crack growth.

    Suspended floors

    Suspended floors will generally be supported by loadbearing walls, beams or columns.

    SINGLE SPAN

    When the suspended floor extends between only


    two supporting walls, the span is described as
    single (or simple) and the slab as one-way. In this
    situation, the maximum tensile stresses will occur
    in the underside of the suspended slab. For this
    reason, reinforcement designed to overcome these
    forces is provided in the bottom of the slab.

    CONTINUOUS SPANS

    When a suspended slab extends over one or more


    intermediate supports, the spans are described as
    continuous spans (or multiple spans). In this
    situation, tensile forces will occur not only in the
    bottom of the slab between supports, but also in the top
    of the slab over the intermediate supports.
    Reinforcement additional to that required for a
    single span will be necessary in the top of the slab
    over the intermediate supports.

    LECTURE NOTE III 24


    25 Architectural Working Drawing II ARCH 3205

    CANTILEVERS

    Cantilevers, such as balcony slabs, deflect downward from their support, causing maximum tensile
    forces in the top of the suspended slab over the support. Reinforcement should therefore be provided
    in the top of the cantilever slab.

    LECTURE NOTE III 25


    26 Architectural Working Drawing II ARCH 3205

    SLAB REINFORECMENT

    THE EFFECT OF SLAB UNDER LOAD REINFORECMENT

    Depends on; - Load imposed.


    -Depth of slab
    -span of slab

    LECTURE NOTE III 26


    27 Architectural Working Drawing II ARCH 3205

    LECTURE NOTE III 27


    28 Architectural Working Drawing II ARCH 3205

    LECTURE NOTE III 28


    29 Architectural Working Drawing II ARCH 3205

    LECTURE NOTE III 29

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