Tim Hunt

Sir Richard Timothy Hunt (born 19 February 1943)

Sir
is a British biochemist and molecular physiologist. He
was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Tim Hunt
FRS FRSE FMedSci MAE
Medicine with Paul Nurse and Leland H. Hartwell for
their discoveries of protein molecules that control the
division of cells. While studying fertilized sea urchin
eggs in the early 1980s, Hunt discovered cyclin, a
protein that cyclically aggregates and is depleted
during cell division cycles.

Early life and education

Hunt was born on 19 February 1943[8] in Neston,
Cheshire, to Richard William Hunt, a lecturer in Hunt at UCSF in 2009
palaeography in Liverpool, and Kit Rowland, daughter
Born Richard Timothy Hunt
of a timber merchant.[9] After the death of both his
19 February 1943[8]
parents, Hunt found his father had worked at Bush
Neston, Cheshire, England
House, then the headquarters of BBC World Service
Education Dragon School
radio, most likely in intelligence, although it is not
known what he actually did.[9] In 1945, Richard Magdalen College School,
became Keeper of the Western Manuscripts at the Oxford
Bodleian Library, and the family relocated to Oxford. Alma mater University of Cambridge (BA,
At the age of eight, Hunt was accepted into the Dragon PhD)
School,[8] where he first developed an interest in Known for Cell cycle regulation
biology thanks to his science teacher, the German
Spouse Mary Collins ​(m. 1995)​[8]
educator Gerd Sommerhoff.[9] When he was fourteen,
he moved to Magdalen College School, Oxford, Children Two daughters[8]
becoming even more interested in science and studying Awards Nobel Prize in Physiology or
subjects such as chemistry and zoology.[9] Medicine (2001)
Royal Medal (2006)
In 1961, he was accepted into Clare College,
Cambridge to study Natural Sciences, graduating in Knight Bachelor (2006)
1964 and immediately beginning work in the Scientific career
university Department of Biochemistry under Asher Fields Cell cycle[1] (Biochemistry)
Korner.[9] There, he worked with scientists such as
Institutions London Research Institute
Louis Reichardt and Tony Hunter.[9] A 1965 talk by
Vernon Ingram interested him in haemoglobin University College London
synthesis, and at a Greek conference in 1966 on the Imperial Cancer Research Fund
subject, he persuaded the haematologist and geneticist University of Cambridge
Irving London to allow him to work in his laboratory
at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, Marine Biological Laboratory
staying from July to October 1966.[9] His PhD was Francis Crick Institute
supervised by Asher Korner[2] and focused on
Thesis The synthesis of haemoglobin (h
haemoglobin synthesis in intact rabbit reticulocytes
ttp://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?
(immature red blood cells), and was awarded in
uin=uk.bl.ethos.604802) (1969)
1968.[2][10][11]
Doctoral Asher Korner[2]
advisor

Career and research Doctoral Hugh Pelham[3][4]

students Jonathon Pines[5][6][7]

Early career
Following his PhD, Hunt returned to New York to work with London, in collaboration with Nechama
Kosower, her husband Edward Kosower, and Ellie Ehrenfeld. While there, they discovered that tiny
amounts of glutathione inhibited protein synthesis in reticulocytes and that tiny amounts of RNA killed
the synthesis altogether. After returning to Cambridge, he again began work with Tony Hunter and
Richard Jackson, who had discovered the RNA strand used to start haemoglobin synthesis. After 3–4
years, the team discovered at least two other chemicals acting as inhibitors.[9]

Hunt regularly spent summers working at the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole,
Massachusetts, which was popular with scientists for its advanced summer courses, and in particular, with
those interested in the study of mitosis. The location provided a ready supply of surf clams (Spisula
solidissima) and sea urchins (Arbacia punctulata) amongst the reefs and fishing docks, and it was these
invertebrates that were particularly useful for the study of the synthesis of proteins in embryogenesis, as
the embryos were simply generated with the application of filtered sea water, and the transparency of the
embryo cells was well suited to microscopic study.[12]

Discovery of cyclins
It was at Woods Hole around July 1982, using Arbacia sea urchin eggs as his model organism, that he
discovered cyclin proteins.[9] Cyclins play a key role in regulating the cell-division cycle.[13] Hunt was
observing the eggs undergo cell division after fertilization.[14] The study also included a control group
where the eggs had been activated without fertilization by a calcium ionophore. The eggs were incubated
with the amino acid methionine in which some of the atoms were radioactive isotopes (radiolabelled),
with samples being taken from the eggs at 10 minute intervals. During the egg development, the
radioactive methionine was uptaken into the cells and used to make proteins. From the samples, proteins
were precipitated and then separated by mass into distinct bands on a resolving gel mat, which were then
observed by photographic film that could detect the radioactivity emitted by the proteins. Observing the
changes in the bands across the samples, Hunt noticed that one of the proteins rose in abundance before
disappearing during the mitosis phase of cell division.[12] Hunt named the protein "cyclin" based on his
observation of the cyclical changes in its levels.[15] It was later discovered that cyclins are continuously
synthesised, but are specifically targeted for proteolysis during mitosis.[12] The discovery of cyclins was
reported in a study published in Cell in 1983.[16] Hunt later demonstrated that cyclins were also present in
another sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus, as well as in Spisula clams.[12]
Hunt was aware that the discovery of cyclins was significant, but was initially unsure of how cyclins
functioned in regard to cell division.[14] This was clarified in later papers in the 1980s and 1990s, some of
which Hunt co-authored. These again utilized sea urchin eggs as well as eggs of the frog Xenopus, and
demonstrated that cyclins were present in the cells of most organisms, and combine with kinase enzymes
(specifically cyclin-dependent kinases) to form maturation-promoting factor (MPF). MPF has previously
been identified in 1971 by Yoshio Masui and Clement Markert from Xenopus eggs. MPF induces mitosis,
with the cyclic activation and inactivation of MPF being a key element in regulating and progressing the
cell cycle.[14][12]

Later career
In 1990, he began work at Imperial Cancer Research Fund, later
known as the Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, in the
United Kingdom, where his work focused on understanding on what
makes cell go cancerous, that is: proliferate uncontrollably, with the
ordinary inhibitory signals switched off.[17] That same year, Hunt
defined the concept of short linear motifs, parts of protein sequences
that mediate interactions with other proteins.[18] In 1993, the book
with Cherry A. Murray, Jerome
The Cell Cycle: An Introduction, which Hunt co-authored along with
Isaac Friedman, Torsten Wiesel,
Andrew Murray, was published by Oxford University Press.[19] Hunt Kōji Omi, Akito Arima, Jonathan
had his own laboratory at the Clare Hall Laboratories until the end of M. Dorfan and Robert
2010, and remains an Emeritus Group Leader at the Francis Crick Baughman
Institute.[20][21] He is a member of the Advisory Council for the
Campaign for Science and Engineering.[22] He has served on the
Selection Committee for the Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine.[23] In 2010, Hunt joined the
Academic Advisory Board of the Austrian think tank Academia Superior, Institute for Future Studies.[24]

Hunt is a highly regarded colleague and mentor in the research community.[25][26] During his career he
has supervised numerous PhD students including Hugh Pelham[3] and Jonathon Pines.[5]

Science advocacy
In addition to his scientific contributions, Hunt is a lifelong advocate for scientific research. After
winning the Nobel Prize in 2001, he spent much of his time traveling the world, talking to both popular
and specialist audiences. In these talks he offered his characteristic perspective on inquiry, which
emphasizes the importance of having fun and being lucky.[27] He also believes that science benefits when
power is given to young people, himself having been given full autonomy and authority at age 27.[28]

2015 controversy
At the World Conference of Science Journalists in Seoul in June 2015, Hunt gave a impromptu toast at a
lunch for female journalists and scientists. As recounted by an EU official, Hunt said:[29]

It's strange that such a chauvinist monster like me has been asked to speak to women scientists.
Let me tell you about my trouble with girls. Three things happen when they are in the lab: you
fall in love with them, they fall in love with you, and when you criticise them they cry. Perhaps
we should make separate labs for boys and girls? Now, seriously, I'm impressed by the
 economic development of Korea. And women scientists played, without a doubt, an important
role in it. Science needs women, and you should do science, despite all the obstacles, and
despite monsters like me.

Parts of the remarks were widely publicised on social media due to their perceived sexist nature, resulting
in an intense online backlash, which some described as an act of public shaming.[30] Hunt resigned from
his honorary professorship at University College London after the university told him to; he also resigned
from several other research positions.[31] Hunt apologised and stated that the remarks were in jest. He
said that they had been taken out of context, as the remarks had originally been reported without the
words starting with "now seriously".[32] Hunt also stated he "did mean the part about having trouble with
girls".[33] Some public figures and scientists, including some who had worked with Hunt, suggested that
the backlash against him was disproportionate.[34][35][36][37]

Awards and honours

Hunt was elected a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 1978, serving
as a member of the organisation's Fellowship Committee 1990–1993, its Meeting Committee 2008–2009,
and its governing body, the Council, 2004–2009.[38] He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS)
in 1991,[39] his certificate of election reads:[40]

Distinguished for his studies of the control of protein synthesis in animal cells and for the
discovery of cyclin, a protein which regulates the eukaryotic cell cycle. Together with Jackson
and their students, he defined steps in formation of the initiation complex in protein synthesis,
showing that the 40S ribosomal subunit binds initiator tRNA before it binds mRNA, and that
this step was the target of inhibitors such as double-stranded RNA or haem deficiency. They
showed that inhibition of protein synthesis is mediated by reversible phosphorylation of
initiation factor eIF-2 by two distinct protein kinases and they elucidated the unexpected roles
of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in protein synthesis. With Ruderman and Rosenthal,
he demonstrated selective translational control of mRNA in early clam embryos. This led to
Hunt's discovery of cyclin as a protein which is selectively destroyed in mitosis. He
subsequently cloned and sequenced cyclin cDNA from sea urchins and frogs and showed by
elegant mRNA ablation experiments that cyclin translation is necessary for mitosis in frog
embryos. He has also shown that cyclin is a subunit of the mitosis-promoting factor which
regulates entry into mitosis. His discovery and characterization of cyclin are major
contributions to our knowledge of cell cycle regulation in eukaryotic cells.

Hunt was elected a fellow of the UK's Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) in 1998,[41] and a
foreign associate of the US National Academy of Sciences in 1999.[42]

In 2001, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Leland Hartwell and Paul
Nurse for their discoveries regarding cell cycle regulation by cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinases. The
three laureates are cited "for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle," while Hunt in particular
 is awarded for his discovery of cyclins, proteins that regulate the CDK function. He showed
that cyclins are degraded periodically at each cell division, a mechanism proved to be of
general importance for cell cycle control.[43]

In 2003, Hunt was made an honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (HonFRSE).[44] In 2006,
he was awarded the Royal Society's Royal Medal, two of which are presented annually for "the most
important contributions to the advancement of natural knowledge", in his case for "discovering a key
aspect of cell cycle control, the protein cyclin which is a component of cyclin dependent kinases,
demonstrating his ability to grasp the significance of the result outside his immediate sphere of
interest".[45]

Hunt was knighted in the 2006 Birthday Honours for his service to science.[46]

Personal life
Hunt is married to the immunologist Mary Collins, who was provost of the Okinawa Institute of Science
and Technology in Japan, and is now Director of the Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of London.
The couple have two daughters.[8]

Bibliography
Murray, Andrew; Hunt, Tim (1993). The Cell Cycle: An Introduction (https://archive.org/detail
s/cellcycle00andr). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-509529-6.
Wilson, John; Hunt, Tim (2014). Molecular Biology of the Cell: The Problems Book (6th ed.).
Taylor & Francis Ltd. ISBN 978-0-8153-4453-7.

References
1. Tim Hunt (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DuqqJoEAAAAJ) publications indexed
by Google Scholar
2. Hunt, Richard Timothy (1969). The synthesis of haemoglobin (https://www.repository.cam.a
c.uk/handle/1810/252824) (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. OCLC 885437139 (https://
search.worldcat.org/oclc/885437139). EThOS uk.bl.ethos.604802 (http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderD
etails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604802).
3. Pelham, Hugh R. B. (1978). Transcription and Translation in Reticulocyte Lysates (http://ulm
ss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=12494). lib.cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis).
University of Cambridge. OCLC 500538683 (https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/500538683).
EThOS uk.bl.ethos.468626 (http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.468626).
4. "Sir Hugh Pelham FMedSci FRS" (https://royalsociety.org/people/hugh-pelham-12072/).
London: Royal Society. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151117014840/https://royal
society.org/people/hugh-pelham-12072/) from the original on 17 November 2015.
5. Pines, Jonathon Noe Joseph (1987). Cyclin : a major maternal message in sea urchin eggs
(http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=12621). lib.cam.ac.uk (PhD
thesis). University of Cambridge. OCLC 499166627 (https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/499166
627). EThOS uk.bl.ethos.233321 (http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.23332
1).
 6. Pines, Jonathon; Hunt, Tim (1987). "Molecular cloning and characterization of the mRNA for
cyclin from sea urchin eggs" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC553735). The
EMBO Journal. 6 (10): 2987–2995. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02604.x (https://doi.org/
10.1002%2Fj.1460-2075.1987.tb02604.x). PMC 553735 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
articles/PMC553735). PMID 2826125 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2826125).
7. "Dr Jonathon Pines: Department of Zoology" (http://www.zoo.cam.ac.uk/directory/jonathon-p
ines). Cambridge: cam.ac.uk. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150515223837/http://
www.zoo.cam.ac.uk/directory/jonathon-pines) from the original on 15 May 2015.
8. "HUNT, Sir Tim" (https://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21231).
Who's Who. Vol. 2015 (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black. (Subscription or UK
public library membership (https://www.ukwhoswho.com/page/subscribe#public) required.)
9. "Tim Hunt – Biographical" (https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2001/hunt/biographic
al/). Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB. 2001. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
10. Hunt, Tim; Hunter, Tony; Munro, Alan (1968). "Control of haemoglobin synthesis: Distribution
of ribosomes on the messenger RNA for α and β chains". Journal of Molecular Biology. 36
(1): 31–45. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(68)90217-9 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0022-2836%286
8%2990217-9). PMID 5760537 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5760537).
11. Hunt, Tim; Hunter, Tony; Munro, Alan (1968). "Control of haemoglobin synthesis: a
difference in the size of the polysomes making alpha and beta chains". Nature. 220 (5166):
481–483. Bibcode:1968Natur.220..481H (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1968Natur.220..
481H). doi:10.1038/220481a0 (https://doi.org/10.1038%2F220481a0). PMID 5686164 (http
s://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5686164). S2CID 4293819 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/Cor
pusID:4293819).
12. Jackson, Peter K. (July 2008). "The Hunt for Cyclin" (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2008.
07.011). Cell. 134 (2): 199–202. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.011 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2F
j.cell.2008.07.011). PMID 18662532 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18662532).
S2CID 1974575 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1974575).
13. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001" (https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medici
ne/2001/7743-the-nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine-2001/). Nobel Prize Outreach.
Retrieved 8 August 2022.
14. Uzbekov, Rustem; Prigent, Claude (January 2022). "A Journey through Time on the
Discovery of Cell Cycle Regulation" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC887034
0). Cells. 11 (4): 704. doi:10.3390/cells11040704 (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fcells1104070
4). ISSN 2073-4409 (https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2073-4409). PMC 8870340 (https://ww
w.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870340). PMID 35203358 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.ni
h.gov/35203358).
15. "Understanding how cells divide – the story of a Nobel prize" (http://scienceblog.cancerrese
archuk.org/2014/10/06/from-yeast-to-sea-urchins-the-story-of-a-nobel-prize/). Cancer
Research UK – Science blog. 6 October 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
16. Evans, Tom; Rosenthal, Eric T.; Youngblom, Jim; Distel, Dan; Hunt, Tim (June 1983).
"Cyclin: A protein specified by maternal mRNA in sea urchin eggs that is destroyed at each
cleavage division" (https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0092867483904208). Cell. 33
(2): 389–396. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(83)90420-8 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0092-8674%2
883%2990420-8). PMID 6134587 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6134587).
17. Liz Hunt (21 December 2010). "Sir Tim Hunt: I am interested in how cells know what they
are and how they should behave (Interview)" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/821
5297/Sir-Tim-Hunt-I-am-interested-in-how-cells-know-what-they-are-and-how-they-should-b
ehave.html). The Telegraph. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
18. Kumar, Manjeet; Michael, Sushama; Alvarado-Valverde, Jesús; Zeke, András; Lazar, Tamas;
Glavina, Juliana; Nagy-Kanta, Eszter; Donagh, Juan Mac; Kalman, Zsofia E; Pascarelli,
Stefano; Palopoli, Nicolas; Dobson, László; Suarez, Carmen Florencia; Van Roey, Kim;
Krystkowiak, Izabella (5 January 2024). "ELM—the Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource—2024
update" (https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/52/D1/D442/7420098). Nucleic Acids
Research. 52 (D1): D442–D455. doi:10.1093/nar/gkad1058 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fna
r%2Fgkad1058). ISSN 0305-1048 (https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-1048).
PMC 10767929 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767929).
PMID 37962385 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37962385).
19. Cross, Frederick R.; Levine, Kristi (25 February 1994). "Growth and Division: The Cell Cycle
. An Introduction. Andrew Murray and Tim Hunt. Oxford University Press, New York, 1993.
xii, 251 pp., illus. $45 or £32.50; paper, $22.95 or £15.95" (https://www.science.org/doi/10.1
126/science.263.5150.1164.b). Science. 263 (5150): 1164–1165.
doi:10.1126/science.263.5150.1164.b (https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.263.5150.1164.
b). ISSN 0036-8075 (https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075).
20. "Cancer Research UK: Tim Hunt" (https://web.archive.org/web/20081013023919/http://scien
ce.cancerresearchuk.org/research/loc/london/lifch/huntt/). Archived from the original (http://s
cience.cancerresearchuk.org/research/loc/london/lifch/huntt/) on 13 October 2008.
Retrieved 13 November 2008.
21. "Tim Hunt biography on the web pages of the Francis Crick Institute" (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20190415082336/https://www.crick.ac.uk/about-us/who-we-are/how-we-got-here/nota
ble-alumni/tim-hunt). Archived from the original (https://www.crick.ac.uk/about-us/who-we-ar
e/how-we-got-here/notable-alumni/tim-hunt) on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
22. "Advisory Council of the Campaign for Science and Engineering" (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20100828110110/http://www.sciencecampaign.org.uk/about/who/advisory.htm). Archived
from the original (http://www.sciencecampaign.org.uk/about/who/advisory.htm) on 28 August
2010. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
23. "Shaw Prize Website: Selection Committee" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151226084828/
http://www.shawprize.org/en/shaw.php?tmp=1&twoid=3&threeid=98). Archived from the
original (http://www.shawprize.org/en/shaw.php?tmp=1&twoid=3&threeid=98) on 26
December 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
24. Academia Superior – Academic Advisory Board (https://www.academia-superior.at/the-peopl
e-behind-academia-superior?lang=en#academic_advisory_board). Retrieved 30 March
2019.
25. "Tim Hunt plaudits (Letter to the editor)" (http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/letters/article
4477112.ece). The Times. 23 June 2015. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
26. Whipple, T. (23 June 2015). "Women scientists defend 'sexist' Nobel winner" (http://www.the
times.co.uk/tto/science/article4477447.ece). The Times. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
27. "I admire people who do fun things" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GshyJXf4o) on
YouTube
28. Torres, Isabel (April 2014). "I Believe in Giving Power to the Young" (https://web.archive.org/
web/20190316220727/http://www.labtimes.org/i50/i_01.lasso). Labtimes. Freiburg: LJ-
Verlag. Archived from the original (http://www.labtimes.org/i50/i_01.lasso) on 16 March
2019. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
29. Whipple, Tom; Waterfield, Bruno (24 June 2015). "Leaked transcript shows 'sexist' scientist
was joking" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/leaked-transcript-shows-sexist-scientist-was-j
oking-rs2ft8x8wmv). The Times. Archived (https://archive.today/20200226125519/https://ww
w.thetimes.co.uk/article/leaked-transcript-shows-sexist-scientist-was-joking-rs2ft8x8wmv)
from the original on 26 February 2020.
30. McKie, Robin (13 June 2015). "Tim Hunt: 'I've been hung out to dry. They haven't even
bothered to ask for my side of affairs' " (https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jun/13/ti
m-hunt-hung-out-to-dry-interview-mary-collins). The Observer. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
31. McKie, Robin (13 June 2015). "Shamed Nobel laureate Tim Hunt 'ruined by rush to
judgment after stupid remarks' " (https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jun/13/tim-hunt-
forced-to-resign). The Observer. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
32. McKie R. Sir Tim Hunt: my gratitude to female scientists for their support (https://www.thegu
ardian.com/world/2015/jun/20/sir-tim-hunt-gratitude-female-scientists-support-joke). The
Observer, 20 June 2015.
33. "Sir Tim Hunt 'sorry' over 'trouble with girls' comments" (https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-3307
7107). BBC News. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
34. Whipple, T. (23 June 2015). "Women scientists defend 'sexist' Nobel winner" (http://www.the
times.co.uk/tto/science/article4477447.ece). The Times. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
35. Meikle, James (30 June 2015). "Dimbleby resigns from UCL in protest at 'disgraceful'
treatment of Sir Tim Hunt" (https://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/jun/30/jonathan-di
mbleby-resigns-ucl-sir-tim-hunt). The Guardian. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
36. "Boris Johnson defends Sir Tim Hunt's 'sexist' remarks" (https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politi
cs-33137497). BBC News. 15 June 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
37. Whipple, Tom (13 July 2015). "Leave Sir Tim alone, says fellow laureate" (http://www.thetim
es.co.uk/tto/science/article4495784.ece). The Times. Retrieved 13 July 2015.
38. "Tim Hunt" (http://people.embo.org/profile/tim-hunt). Heidelberg: European Molecular
Biology Organization.
39. Anon (1991). "Sir Tim Hunt FMedSci FRS" (https://royalsociety.org/people/tim-hunt-11666/).
London: Royal Society. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151117012232/https://royal
society.org/people/tim-hunt-11666/) from the original on 17 November 2015. One or more of
the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:

"All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is
available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License." --"Royal
Society Terms, conditions and policies" (https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-con
ditions-policies/). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150925220834/https://ro
yalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/) from the original on 25
September 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2016.

40. "Certificate of election EC/1991/14: Hunt, Richard Timothy" (https://web.archive.org/web/201

81205142003/https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Ar
chive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqSearch=(RefNo==%27EC%2F1991%2F14%
27)). London: Royal Society. Archived from the original (https://collections.royalsociety.org/D
Serve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqSe
arch=(RefNo==%27EC%2F1991%2F14%27)) on 5 December 2018.
41. "Fellow list entry for Tim Hunt on the Academy web pages" (https://web.archive.org/web/201
81204121946/https://acmedsci.ac.uk/fellows/fellows-directory/ordinary-fellows/sir-tim-hunt).
Archived from the original (http://www.acmedsci.ac.uk/fellows/fellows-directory/ordinary-fello
ws/sir-tim-hunt/) on 4 December 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
42. "Tim Hunt entry in the online member directory of the US National Academy of Sciences" (ht
tp://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/3008941.html). Retrieved 26 December
2015.
43. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001" (http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medici
ne/laureates/2001/index.html). nobelprize.org.
44. "PDF List of Fellows on the webpages of the RSE" (https://web.archive.org/web/201603300
14912/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/lists/fellows.pdf) (PDF). 24 November
2015. Archived from the original (https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/lists/fellow
s.pdf) (PDF) on 30 March 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
45. "Royal Medal recent winners" (http://royalsociety.org/news.asp?year=&id=4918). Retrieved
13 November 2008.
46. Recorded in The Gazette (London Gazette), issue 58014, 16 June 2006, supplement 1. [1]
(https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/58014/supplement/1)

External links
Since winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2001, Hunt has lectured
regularly about the joys of scientific discovery.
"How to Win a Nobel Prize", Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, 2015 (http
s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgScAdoZ9w4) on YouTube
"Lessons from a Life in Science", West China School of Medicine, 2014 (https://www.you
tube.com/watch?v=KFxgvvdDfio) on YouTube
At the 2010 Lindau Meeting, Hunt participated in a Nature video about systems biology.
"Meeting the 'systems' skeptic – with Tim Hunt" (https://www.lindau-nobel.org/the-system
s-sceptic-with-tim-hunt/)
In July 2015, the historian/anthropologist Alan Macfarlane conducted two in-depth interviews
with Tim Hunt:
– Part One, 7 July (https://www.sms.cam.ac.uk/media/2081263)
– Part Two, 28 July (https://www.sms.cam.ac.uk/media/2081291)
Tim Hunt (https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/736) on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel
Lecture 9 December 2001 Protein Synthesis, Proteolysis, and Cell Cycle Transitions
Tim Hunt (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DuqqJoEAAAAJ) publications indexed
by Google Scholar
Media related to Tim Hunt at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tim_Hunt&oldid=1250616617"