SRI CHAITANYA SCHOOL ,xxxx

Academic Year 2023 -24

Informatics Practices (065)

Project File On
HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT

SUBMITTED BY: 1. Xxxx xxxx XII A

SUBMITTED TO : Ms. xxxxx

Subject: Informatics Practices Date of Submission: __/__/2024

Student Sign: Teacher Sign:

 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that xxxx xxxx , student of Class XII A,

Sri Chaitanya Techno School, has completed the
research Project on Hospital Management under the
guidance of Ms. Xxx xxx xxx during the year 2023-2024
in partial fulfilment of Infromatics Practices Practical
Examination conducted by AISSCE, New Delhi.

Internal Examiner External Examiner

Signature :- Signature:-

Date: - School Seal :-

Principal
Signature :-
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to extend my sincere thanks to Mr. xxxx xxx xxx ,my
Informatics Practices teacher, for her invaluable guidance and support
throughout the duration of this project. Her insights and feedback have
been immensely helpful and have greatly contributed to the completion of
this work.

I am also grateful to my classmates, especially Maryam Fatima XII A, for

their assistance and encouragement. Their ideas and perspectives have
added significant value to this project.

Special thanks go to my family, who have provided me with the necessary

resources and a conducive environment to work on this project. Their
constant encouragement and belief in my abilities have been a source of
motivation.

Lastly, I thank all those who directly or indirectly contributed to the success
of this project. Your support has been invaluable.

Xxx xx xxXII A
 INDEX

SL NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION 05

2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 05

3 PROPOSED SYSTEM 06

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
4 07
LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)
5 PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE 08

6 FLOW CHART 15

7 SOURCE CODE 16

8 OUTPUT 19

9 TESTING 20

10 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 23

11 BIBLIOGRAPHY 24
 PROJECT ON HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION

1. The Hospital Management System (HMS) is designed for Any Hospital to

replace their existing manual, paper based system. This System targets
to provide complete solution for Hospital and Health care services. This System can
be used in any Hospital, Clinic, Diagnostics or Pathology labs for maintaining patient
details and their test results. It integrates the entire Resources of a Hospital into One
Integrated Software Application.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this project is to let the students apply the programming

knowledge into a real world situation/problem and exposed the students how

programming skills helps in developing a good software.

1. Write programs utilizing modern software tools.

2. Apply object oriented programming principles effectively when developing

small to medium sized projects.

3. Write effective procedural code to solve small to medium sized problems.

4. Students will demonstrate a breadth of knowledge in computer science, as

exemplified in the areas of systems, theory and software development.

5. Students will demonstrate ability to conduct a research or applied Computer

Science project, requiring writing and presentation skills which exemplify

scholarly style in computer science.

 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Today one cannot afford to rely on the fallible human beings of be really wants to

stand against today’s merciless competition where not to wise saying “to err is

human” no longer valid, it’s outdated to rationalize your mistake. So, to keep pace

with time, to bring about the best result without malfunctioning and greater

efficiency so to replace the unending heaps of flies with a much sophisticated hard

disk of the computer.

One has to use the data management software. Software has been an ascent in

atomization various organisations. Many software products working are now in

markets, which have helped in making the organizations work easier and efficiently.

Data management initially had to maintain a lot of ledgers and a lot of paper work

has to be done but now software product on this organization has made their work

faster and easier. Now only this software has to be loaded on the computer and work

can be done.

This prevents a lot of time and money. The work becomes fully automated and any

information regarding the organization can be obtained by clicking the button.

Moreover, now it’s an age of computers of and automating such an organization

gives the better look.

 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)

The systems development life cycle is a project

management technique that divides complex projects into
smaller, more easily managed segments or phases.
Segmenting projects allows managers to verify the
 successful completion of project phases before
allocating resources to subsequent phases.
Software development projects typically include
initiation, planning, design, development, testing,
implementation, and maintenance phases. However, the
phases may be divided differently depending on the
organization involved.
For example, initial project activities might be designated
as request, requirements-definition, and planning phases, or
initiation, concept-development, and planning phases. End
users of the system under development should be involved in
reviewing the output of each phase to ensure the system is
being built to deliver the needed functionality.

PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

INITIATION PHASE

The Initiation Phase begins when a business sponsor identifies a need or an

opportunity.

The purpose of the Initiation Phase is to:

● Identify and validate an opportunity to improve business accomplishments

 of the organization or a deficiency related to a business need.
● Identify significant assumptions and constraints on solutions to that need.
● Recommend the exploration of alternative concepts and methods to satisfy
the need including questioning the need for technology, i.e., will a change in
the business process offer a solution?
● Assure executive business and executive technical sponsorship. The
Sponsor designates a Project Manager and the business need is documented
in a Concept Proposal. The Concept Proposal includes information about the
business process and the relationship to the Agency/Organization.
● Infrastructure and the Strategic Plan. A successful Concept Proposal results
in a Project Management Charter which outlines the authority of the project
manager to begin the project.

Careful oversight is required to ensure projects support strategic business objectives

and resources are effectively implemented into an organization's enterprise
architecture. The initiation phase begins when an opportunity to add, improve, or
correct a system is identified and formally requested through the presentation of a
business case. The business case should, at a minimum, describe a proposal’s
purpose, identify expected benefits, and explain how the proposed system supports
one of the organization’s business strategies. The business case should also identify
alternative solutions and detail as many informational, functional, and network
requirements as possible.

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business need or

opportunity is validated by the Agency/Organization Program Leadership and the
Agency/Organization CIO.

The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to:

● Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the alternatives.

● Identify system interfaces.
● Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy the business need.
● Establish system boundaries; identify goals, objectives, critical success
factors, and performance measures.
● Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to satisfy the basic
functional requirements
● Assess project risks
● Identify and initiate risk mitigation actions, and Develop high-level technical
architecture, process models, data models, and a concept of operations. This
phase explores potential technical solutions within the context of the
business need.
● It may include several trade-off decisions such as the decision to use COTS
software products as opposed to developing custom software or reusing
software components, or the decision to use an incremental delivery versus a
complete, onetime deployment.
● Construction of executable prototypes is encouraged to evaluate technology
to support the business process. The System Boundary Document serves as
an important reference document to support the Information Technology
Project Request (ITPR) process.
● The ITPR must be approved by the State CIO before the project can move
forward.

PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC

PLANNING PHASE

The planning phase is the most critical step in completing development,

acquisition, and maintenance projects. Careful planning, particularly in the early
stages of a project, is necessary to coordinate activities and manage project risks
effectively. The depth and formality of project plans should be commensurate with
the characteristics and risks of a given project. Project plans refine the information
gathered during the initiation phase by further identifying the specific activities and
resources required to complete a project.
 A critical part of a project manager’s job is to coordinate discussions between
user, audit, security, design, development, and network personnel to identify and
document as many functional, security, and network requirements as possible.
During this phase, a plan is developed that documents the approach to be used and
includes a discussion of methods, tools, tasks, resources, project schedules, and user
input. Personnel assignments, costs, project schedule, and target dates are
established.
A Project Management Plan is created with components related to acquisition
planning, configuration management planning, quality assurance planning, concept
of operations, system security, verification and validation, and systems engineering
management planning.

REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS PHASE

This phase formally defines the detailed functional user requirements using
high-level requirements identified in the Initiation, System Concept, and Planning
phases. It also delineates the requirements in terms of data, system performance,
security, and maintainability requirements for the system. The requirements are
defined in this phase to a level of detail sufficient for systems design to proceed.
They need to be measurable, testable, and relate to the business need or opportunity
identified in the Initiation Phase. The requirements that will be used to determine
acceptance of the system are captured in the Test and Evaluation Master Plan.

The purposes of this phase are to:

● Further define and refine the functional and data requirements and
document them in the Requirements Document,
● Complete business process reengineering of the functions to be supported
(i.e., verify what information drives the business process, what information is
generated, who generates it, where does the information go, and who
processes it),
● Develop detailed data and process models (system inputs, outputs, and the
process.
● Develop the test and evaluation requirements that will be used to determine
acceptable system performance.
 DESIGN PHASE

The design phase involves converting the informational, functional, and

network requirements identified during the initiation and planning phases into unified
design specifications that developers use to script programs during the development
phase. Program designs are constructed in various ways. Using a top-down
approach, designers first identify and link major program components and
interfaces, then expand design layouts as they identify and link smaller subsystems
and connections. Using a bottom-up approach, designers first identify and link minor
program components and interfaces, then expand design layouts as they identify
and link larger systems and connections. Contemporary design techniques often use
prototyping tools that build mock-up designs of items such as application screens,
database layouts, and system architectures. End users, designers, developers,
database managers, and network administrators should review and refine the
prototyped designs in an iterative process until they agree on an acceptable design.
Audit, security, and quality assurance personnel should be involved in the review and
approval process. During this phase, the system is designed to satisfy the functional
requirements identified in the previous phase. Since problems in the design phase
could be very expensive to solve in the later stage of the software development, a
variety of elements are considered in the design to mitigate risk. These include:

● Identifying potential risks and defining mitigating design features.

● Performing a security risk assessment.
● Developing a conversion plan to migrate current data to the new system.
● Determining the operating environment.
● Defining major subsystems and their inputs and outputs.
● Allocating processes to resources.
● Preparing detailed logic specifications for each software module. The result
is a draft System Design Document which captures the preliminary design for
the system.
 ● Everything requiring user input or approval is documented and reviewed by
the user. Once these documents have been approved by the Agency CIO and
Business Sponsor, the final System Design Document is created to serve as
the Critical/Detailed Design for the system.
● This document receives a rigorous review by agency technical and functional
representatives to ensure that it satisfies the business requirements.
Concurrent with the development of the system design, the Agency Project
Manager begins development of the Implementation Plan, Operations and
Maintenance Manual, and the Training Plan.

DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The development phase involves converting design specifications into

executable programs. Effective development standards include requirements that
programmers and other project participants discuss design specifications before
programming begins. The procedures help ensure programmers clearly
understand program designs and functional requirements. Programmers use
various techniques to develop computer programs. The large transaction oriented
programs associated with financial institutions have traditionally been developed
using procedural programming techniques. Procedural programming involves the
line-by-line scripting of logical instructions that are combined to form a program.
Effective completion of the previous stages is a key factor in the success of the
Development phase. The Development phase consists of:

● Translating the detailed requirements and design into system components.

● Testing individual elements (units) for usability.
● Preparing for integration and testing of the IT system.

INTEGRATION AND TEST PHASE

● Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance testing is

conducted during the integration and test phase. The user, with those
responsible for quality assurance, validates that the functional requirements,
 as defined in the functional requirements document, are satisfied by the
developed or modified system. OIT Security staff assess the system security
and issue a security certification and accreditation prior to installation/
implementation.

Multiple levels of testing are performed, including:

● Testing at the development facility by the contractor and possibly supported

by end users

● Testing as a deployed system with end users working together with contract
personnel

● Operational testing by the end user alone performing all functions.

Requirements are traced throughout testing ,a final Independent Verification &
Validation evaluation is performed and all documentation is reviewed and
accepted prior to acceptance of the system.

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

This phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by the
user. In this phase, the system is installed to support the intended business
functions. System performance is compared to performance objectives established
during the planning phase. Implementation includes user notification, user training,
installation of hardware, installation of software onto production computers, and
integration of the system into daily work processes. This phase continues until the
system is operating in production in accordance with the defined user requirements.

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PHASE

The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued

performance in accordance with user requirements and needed system
modifications are incorporated. Operations continue as long as the system can be
 effectively adapted to respond to the organization’s needs. When
modifications or changes are identified, the system may re enter the planning phase.

The purpose of this phase is to

● Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

● Certify that the system can process sensitive information.
● Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the functional
requirements continue to be satisfied.
● Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced, or retired.

FLOW CHART

PYTHON-MYSQL CONNECTING

SOFTWARE LOGIN WITH USERNAME&PASSWORD

ASKS USER TO ENTER HIS CHOICE

YOUR NEED WILL BE FULFILLED PYTHON BY

INTERACTING WITH MYSQL
ie. registering-stored in database

Getting information-get from database

AGAIN FIRST PAGE WILL BE OPENED TO FULFILL
THE
 SOURCE CODE

from sys import exit

import mysql.connector as sql

conn=sql.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='',datab

ase='project')

if conn.is_connected():

print('successfully connected')

c1=conn.cursor()

print('---------------------------------------------')

print("HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM")

print('---------------------------------------------')

print('"GOD WISHES YOU"')

print("1.LOGIN")

print("2.EXIT")

choice=int(input("ENTER YOUR CHOICE:"))

if choice==1:
u1=input("enter user name:")

pwd1=input("enter the password:")

while u1=='vasu'and pwd1=='vasu6072':

print('connected')

print("WELCOME TO HOSPITAL")

print("successfully connected")

print('1.RegisteringPatient details')

print('2.RegisteringDoctor details')

print('3.RegisteringWorker details')

print("4.total patient details")

print("5.total doctor details")

print("6.total worker details")

print('7.Patient detail')

print('8.Doctor detail')

print('9.Worker detail')

print('10.Exit')
 choice=int(input('ENTER YOUR CHOICE:'))

if choice==1:

p_name=input('Enter Patient Name:')

p_age=int(input('Enter Age:'))

p_problems=input('Enter the Problem/Disease:')

p_phono=int(input('Enter Phone number:'))

sql_insert="insert into patient_details

values(""'"+p_name+"',"+str(p_age)

+",'"+p_problems+"',"+str(p_phono)+")"

c1.execute(sql_insert)

print('SUCCESSFULLY REGISTERED')

conn.commit()

elif choice==2:

d_name=input('Enter Doctor Name:')

d_age=int(input('Enter Age:'))

d_department=input('Enter the Department:')

 d_phono=int(input('Enter Phone number:'))

sql_insert="insert into doctor_details

values(""'"+d_name+"',"+str(d_age)

+",'"+d_department+"',"+str(d_phono)+")"

c1.execute(sql_insert)

print('successfully registered')

conn.commit()

elif choice==3:

w_name=input('Enter Worker Name:')

w_age=int(input('Enter Age:'))

w_workname=input('Enter type of work:')

w_phono=int(input('Enter Phone number:'))

sql_insert="insert into worker_details

values(""'"+w_name+"',"+str(w_age)

+",'"+w_workname+"',"+str(w_phono)+")"

c1.execute(sql_insert)
 print('successfully registered')

conn.commit()

elif choice==4:

sql_w='select*from patient_details '

c1.execute(sql_w)

r = c1.fetchall()

for i in r :

print(i)

elif choice==5:

sql_x="select*from doctor_details"

c1.execute(sql_x)

s=c1.fetchall()

for i in s:

print(i)
 elif choice==6:

sql_y="select*from worker_details"

c1.execute(sql_y)

t=c1.fetchall()

for i in t:

print(i)

elif choice==7:

h=input("Enter the name:")

sql_w='select*from patient_details where

p_name=("{}")'.format(h)

c1.execute(sql_w)

u = c1.fetchall()

for i in u:

print(i)

elif choice==8:
 d=input("Enter the name:")

sql_d='select*from doctor_details where

p_name=("{}")'.format(d)

c1.execute(sql_d)

v=c1.fetchall()

for i in v:

print(i)

elif choice==9:

f=input("Enter the name:")

sql_f='select*from worker_details where

p_name=("{}")'.format(f)

c1.execute(sql_f)

w=c1.fetchall()

for i in w:

print(i)
 elif choice==10:

exit()

break

else:

print('wrong username&password')

if choice==2:

exit()

OUTPUT

Login output:
After login:
After choosing choice:

TESTING

Software Testing is an empirical investigation conducted to provide stakeholders

with information about the quality of the product or service under test[1] , with
respect to the context in which it is intended to operate. Software Testing also
provides an objective, independent view of the software to allow the business to
appreciate and understand the risks at implementation of the software. Test
techniques include, but are not limited to, the process of executing a program or
application with the intent of finding software bugs.
It can also be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a software
program/application/product meets the business and technical requirements that
guided its design and development, so that it works as expected and can be
implemented with the same characteristics. Software Testing, depending on the
testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the development
process, however the most test effort is employed after the requirements have been
defined and coding process has been completed.
TESTING METHODS
Software testing methods are traditionally divided into black box testing and white
box testing. These two approaches are used to describe the point of view that a test
engineer takes when designing test cases.

BLACK BOX TESTING

Black box testing treats the software as a "black box," without any knowledge of
internal implementation. Black box testing methods include: equivalence
partitioning, boundary value analysis, all-pairs testing, fuzz testing, model-based
testing, traceability matrix, exploratory testing and specification-based testing.

SPECIFICATION-BASED TESTING

Specification-based testing aims to test the functionality of software according to

the applicable requirements.[16] Thus, the tester inputs data into, and only sees the
output from, the test object. This level of testing usually requires thorough test cases
to be provided to the tester, who then can simply verify that for a given input, the
output value (or behaviour), either "is" or "is not" the same as the expected value
specified in the test case. Specification-based testing is necessary, but it is
insufficient to guard against certain risks

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

The black box tester has no "bonds" with the code, and a tester's perception is very
simple: a code must have bugs. Using the principle, "Ask and you shall receive," black
box testers find bugs where programmers don't. But, on the other hand, black box
testing has been said to be "like a walk in a dark labyrinth without a flashlight,"
because the tester doesn't know how the software being tested was actually
constructed.
That's why there are situations when (1) a black box tester writes many test cases to
check something that can be tested by only one test case, and/or (2) some parts of
the back end are not tested at all. Therefore, black box testing has the advantage of
"an unaffiliated opinion," on the one hand, and the disadvantage of "blind exploring,"
on the other.

WHITE BOX TESTING

White box testing, by contrast to black box testing, is when the tester has access to
the internal data structures and algorithms (and the code that implement these)

Types of white box testing:-

The following types of white box testing exist:
● api testing - Testing of the application using Public and Private APIs.
● Code coverage - creating tests to satisfy some criteria of code coverage.
For example, the test designer can create tests to cause all statements in the
program to be executed at least once.
● fault injection methods.
● mutation testing methods.
● static testing - White box testing includes all static testing.

CODE COMPLETENESS EVALUATION

White box testing methods can also be used to evaluate the completeness of
a test suite that was created with black box testing methods. This allows the
software team to examine parts of a system that are rarely tested and ensures that
the most important function points have been tested.
Two common forms of code coverage are:
● Function Coverage: Which reports on functions executed and
● Statement Coverage: Which reports on the number of lines executed to
complete the test.
They both return coverage metric, measured as a percentage

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

I.OPERATING SYSTEM : WINDOWS 10 AND ABOVE

II. PROCESSOR: PENTIUM(ANY) OR AMD

ATHALON(3800+- 4200+ DUAL

CORE)

III. MOTHERBOARD:1.845 OR 915,995 FOR PENTIUM 0R MSI

K9MM-V VIA K8M800+8237R PLUS

CHIPSET FOR AMD ATHALON

IV. RAM:512MB+

V. Hard disk:SATA 40 GB OR ABOVE

VI. CD/DVD r/w multi drive combo: (If back up required)

VII. FLOPPY DRIVE 1.44 MB:(If Backup required)

VIII. MONITOR 14.1 or 15 -17 inch

IX. Key board and mouse

X. Printer:(if print is required – [Hard copy])

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

I. Windows OS
II. Python

.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

● INFORMATICS PRACTICES - Class XI By:

Sumita Arora
● INFORMATICS PRACTICES – Class XII By:
Preeti Arora
● A Project Report On Hotel Management
System (HMS)
● By : Praveen M Jigajinni
Website: https://www.w3resource.com