NATIONAL

SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 10

NOVEMBER 2020

GEOGRAPHY P2
(EXEMPLAR)

MARKS: 150

TIME: 3 hours

This question paper consists of 10 pages and an addendum of 9 pages.

2 GEOGRAPHY P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of TWO sections. SECTION A is theory and

SECTION B is mapwork.

2. Answer ALL questions in this question paper.

3. All diagrams are included in the ADDENDUM.

4. Leave a line between subsections of questions answered.

5. Start EACH question on a NEW page.

6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in

this question paper.

7. Number the answers in the centre of the line.

8. Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.

9. Draw fully labelled diagrams when instructed to do so.

10. Answer in FULL SENTENCES, except where you are asked to state, name,
identify or list.

11. Please refer to the topographical map and orthophoto map to answer
QUESTION 3 (Mapwork).

12. Show ALL calculations and formulas, where applicable. Marks will be
awarded for this.

13. Indicate the unit of measurement in the final answer of the calculations. Make
sure that the units in ALL your calculations and final answer are retained.

14. You may use a non-programmable calculator.

15. The area delimited in BLACK on the topographical map represents the area
covered by the orthophoto map.

16. A glossary of some English and Afrikaans words and their translations
appear in the appendix.

17. Read ALL instructions carefully.

18. Write neatly and legibly.

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020) GEOGRAPHY P2 3

SECTION A: POPULATION AND WATER RESOURCES

QUESTION 1: POPULATION
1.1 Match the term/concept in COLUMN B with the correct description in COLUMN A.
Write ONLY the correct letter (A–I) next to the corresponding question numbers
(1.1.1–1.1.8) in your ANSWERBOOK, for example, 1.1.9 K.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.1.1 Statistics indicating how population is A emigrants
changing

1.1.2 People moving out of their own country to B life expectancy

other countries for jobs

1.1.3 The very rapid increase in the country’s C population density

population

1.1.4 A graph showing population structure in D xenophobia

terms of age and gender/sex

1.1.5 Migrants who are forced to move out of E population indicators

their country of origin owing to fear of
persecution or natural disasters

1.1.6 The number of people per square F population explosion

kilometre

1.1.7 A strong sense of fear and dislike or fear G economic migrants

of people from other countries

1.1.8 The expected average number of years H refugees

people will live in a country

I population pyramid
(8 x 1) (8)

1.2 Study FIGURE 1.2 A and B that shows two different population pyramids to answer
the questions that follow. Write down the question number and the letter (A or B)
that corresponds to the statements below, for example 1.2.9 B.

1.2.1 This is an early expanding population.

1.2.2 Children contribute to farm labour in this population.

1.2.3 There are more individuals who live for more than 75 years.

1.2.4 Death rate and birth rate are both high.

1.2.5 Medical facilities are of a high standard.

1.2.6 Most of such countries are found in Africa and Latin America.

1.2.7 Dependency ratio is low in this country. (7 x 1) (7)

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4 GEOGRAPHY P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

1.3 Refer to FIGURE 1.3 (A and B) showing the world population distribution to
answer the questions that follow.

1.3.1 Define population distribution. (1 x 1) (1)

1.3.2 From the maps and table in FIGURE 1.3A and B respectively, identify
the continent that inhabits largest population. (1 x 1) (1)

1.3.3 Name TWO countries with the world’s largest population. (2 x 1) (2)

1.3.4 Suggest TWO challenges a country with a large population may face.
(2 x 2) (4)

1.3.5 Describe TWO physical factors that attract more people to live in an
area. (2 x 2) (4)

1.3.6 Identify a country with less population in FIGURE 1.3A and describe
ONE challenge of such a country that has less population. (1 + 2) (3)

1.4 Refer to FIGURE 1.4 answer the questions that follow.

1.4.1 Define xenophobia. (1 x 1) (1)

1.4.2 Describe the impact of this xenophobic attack on the foreign nationals
according to the information in the report. (1 x 2) (2)

1.4.3 Name TWO groups that were concerned with the protection of foreign
nationals in 2008 to stop blood shedding. (2 x 1) (2)

1.4.4 Give TWO reasons why South Africans show their anger to people
from other countries. (2 x 2) (4)

1.4.5 Suggest ONE reason why xenophobic attacks continue to happen in

South Africa despite the government, civic society and international
organisations’ attempts to stop it. (1 x 2) (2)

1.4.6 Suggest ways in which violence between South Africans and foreign
nationals can be reduced. (2 x 2) (4)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020) GEOGRAPHY P2 5

1.5 Study FIGURE 1.5 showing rural and urban population of South Africa (in
millions).

1.5.1 Define rural population. (1 x 1) (1)

1.5.2 Does urban population decrease or increase from 1960 to 2016?

(1 x 1) (1)

1.5.3 Give a reason for the pattern you described in QUESTION 1.5.2
above. (1 x 1) (1)

1.5.4 Using information on the graph, work out the urban population in
2015. (1 x 2) (2)

1.5.5 State TWO push factors causing people to leave rural areas for urban
areas. (1 x 2) (2)

1.5.6 In a paragraph of approximately eight lines, explain the possible

negative effects that will result in South Africa’s cities if they continue
receiving both local and international immigrants in large numbers.
(4 x 2) (8)
[60]

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6 GEOGRAPHY P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

QUESTION 2: WATER RESOURCES

2.1 Refer to FIGURE 2.1, showing the water cycle.

2.1.1 Choose the correct word in the brackets. Write ONLY the number and
the correct word chosen from the brackets.

(a) The larger percentage of the earth’s water is found on the

(atmosphere/earth’s surface).

(b) (Hail/Condensation) is a form of precipitation.

(c) (Snow/Vapour) is water in a solid state. (3 x 1) (3)

2.1.2 State the processes that are represented by the letters A, B, C and D
in FIGURE 2.1 in the addendum. (4 x 1) (4)

2.2 Choose ONE word/phrase from the box that matches with the statements
below.

Ecosystem; marine pollution; desalination; overfishing; acidification; fish

quotas; grey water; inter-basin transfer; sustainability

2.2.1 The removal of salts from ocean water to make it more usable

2.2.2 Used water that can still be used for other purposes

2.2.3 Catching more fish than they reproduce therefore reducing their
population

2.2.4 Linked pipes transferring water from a high rainfall area to a dry area

2.2.5 Using resources carefully to ensure their future availability

2.2.6 Dumping of waste products in oceans

2.2.7 The control in the numbers of fish which fishermen may catch

2.2.8 The community where living and non-living things exist together
(8 x 1) (8)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020) GEOGRAPHY P2 7

2.3 Refer to FIGURE 2.3 showing water problems in Cape Town, to answer the
questions below.

2.3.1 Name the province that is affected by water shortage. (1 x 1) (1)

2.3.2 Provide the name of the campaign for water management that was
launched in Cape Town. (1 x 1) (1)

2.3.3 According to the article, what is Day Zero? (1 x 2) (2)

2.3.4 Why does the people illustrated in the article look so desperate? (2 x 2) (4)

2.3.5 In a paragraph of approximately eight lines, provide strategies that the

people of Cape Town and the municipalities of the region should
implement to reduce water shortages. (4 x 2) (8)

2.4 Refer to FIGURE 2.4 that shows flooding in Port St Johns, Eastern Cape to
answer the questions that follow.

2.4.1 What is a flood? (1 x 1) (1)

2.4.2 Name the type of flood that affected Port St Johns. (1 x 2) (2)

2.4.3 Explain why large portions of low-lying rural land settlements were left
inaccessible (no-go-areas). (1 x 2) (2)

2.4.4 Describe the causes of floods such as the one shown on the article.
(2 x 2) (4)

2.4.5 Explain the effects this flood caused to the people of Port St Johns as
shown on the diagram. (2 x 2) (4)

2.4.6 Suggest ONE precautionary measure the people of Port St Johns could
have taken to reduce the damages caused by this flood in their area.
(1 x 2) (2)

2.5 Study FIGURE 2.5 that shows the change in the amount of Cape horse mackerel
in South African waters.

2.5.1 What was the closing stock of mackerel in year 2013? (1 x 1) (1)

2.5.2 According to information on the graph, does the closing stock of mackerel
increase or decrease from year 2005 to 2014? (1 x 1) (1)

2.5.3 State the year in which the closing stock of mackerel was the highest.
(1 x 1) (1)

2.5.4 Calculate the difference of stock (in tonnes) between year 2005 and
2009. (1 x 2) (2)

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8 GEOGRAPHY P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

2.5.5 Describe the benefits to South Africa, if the stock of Cape horse
mackerel would continue to increase. (1 x 2) (2)

2.5.6 Suggest the possible reasons for the increase in the stock of mackerel
and other fish stock. (2 x 2) (4)

2.5.7 Explain the negative results from overfishing of South Africa’s coasts
in the long run. (2 x 2) (4)
[60]

TOTAL SECTION A: 120

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020) GEOGRAPHY P2 9

SECTION B: MAPWORK

QUESTION 3

3.1 MAPWORK SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS

3.1.1 Refer to the information of the magnetic declination at the bottom of the
map and answer the following questions.
Calculate the magnetic declination for the present year. (5 x 1) (5)

3.1.2 Refer to block I13 on the topographic map. That part of the map shows
a railway line that is passing under a tunnel. Measure and write down
the length of that tunnel in metres.
FORMULA: DISTANCE = CM x SCALE (2 x 1) (2)

3.1.3 Refer to the orthophoto map.

(a) What is the direction of the school, marked by letter Q from the
shopping centre, marked by the letter P? (1 x 1) (1)

(b) Determine the true bearing of spot height 22 from trigonometrical

beacon number 71, both found in the area around point P on the
orthophoto map. (2 x 1) (2)

3.2 MAP AND PHOTO APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION

3.2.1 The types of transport one can use from Somerset West to Bellville,
travelling north westerly are (air and water/road and rail). (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.2 Refer to the feature named PAARDEVLEI on the orthophoto map.

(a) Name the feature labelled PAARDVLEI. (1 x 1) (1)

(b) Explain the importance of such a water feature for people living
around that area. (2 x 2) (4)

3.2.3 Refer to block D4 on the topographic map together with the area on
the top north-west part of the orthophoto map.

(a) State the main human activity dominant in that area. (1 x 1) (1)

(b) Describe ONE condition favourable for the development of the

activity named in QUESTION 3.2.3 (a) above. (1 x 2) (2)

3.2.4 Refer to block A10.

Give ONE piece of evidence showing that nature conservation is a

priority in Somerset West. (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.5 Using map evidence, justify why Somerset West can be described as a
water scarce area. (2 x 1) (2)

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10 GEOGRAPHY P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

3.3 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS

3.3.1 Name ONE example of a computer hardware component. (1 x 1) (1)

3.3.2 Describe the use of the hardware component named in

QUESTION 3.3.1 above. (1 x 2) (2)

3.3.3 Refer to block F6 on the topographical map. Describe how a GIS spatial
analysis was used in relation to the activities found in that area.
(1 x 2) (2)

3.3.4 Study the diagram (FIGURE 3.3.4) showing remote sensing, together
with your maps to answer the questions that follow.

(a) Define remote sensing. (1 x 1) (1)

(b) Explain why it was important for the surveyors to gather data
through remote sensing before the mapped area was developed.
(1 x 2) (2)
[30]

TOTAL SECTION B: 30
TOTAL: 150

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