7/3/2022

Bill of Material (PP-BD-BOM)

Generated on: 2022-07-03 12:10:53 GMT+0000

SAP S/4HANA | 1809 FPS02 (May 2019)

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Original content: https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_S4HANA_ON-PREMISE/18ee18df146f46e9a7738186eebceaa7?locale=en-

US&state=PRODUCTION&version=1809.002

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Bills of Material in Production Planning

Production Planning
The Production Planning application component provides a solution for both the production plan (type and quantity of the
products) and the production process. Preparations for production include the procurement, storage, and transportation of
materials and intermediate products.

Bills of Material in Production Planning

Bills of material (BOMs) and routings contain essential master data for integrated materials management and production
control. In the design department, a new product is designed such that it is suitable for production and for its intended purpose.
The result of this product phase is drawings and a list of all the parts required to produce the product. This list is the bill of
material.

German standard (DIN) number 199, part 2, number 51, de nes a bill of material as follows:

A bill of material is a complete, formally structured list of the components that make up a product or assembly. The list
contains the object number of each component, together with the quantity and unit of measure.A bill of material can only refer
to a quantity of at least 1 of an object.

The graphic below shows some components of a bicycle that are included in a BOM.

Bills of material are used in their different forms in various situations where a nished product is assembled from several
component parts or materials. Depending on the industry sector, they may also be called recipes or lists of ingredients. The
structure of the product determines whether the bill of material is simple or very complex.

How are Bills of Material Used in PP?

The data stored in bills of material serves as a basis for production planning activities such as:

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A design department (working with CAD) can base its work on bills of material. You can also create a BOM in the SAP
system from your CAD program, via the SAP-CAD interface.

A material requirements planning (MRP) department explodes bills of material on a certain date to calculate cost-
effective order quantities for materials.

A work scheduling department uses bills of material as a basis for operation planning and production control.

A production order management department, uses bills of material to plan the provision of materials.

The data stored in bills of material is also used in other activities in a company such as:

Sales orders

As an aid to data entry. You can also create and maintain a BOM speci cally for a sales order (variant con guration).

Reservation and goods issue

As an aid to data entry

Product costing

To calculate the costs of materials required for a speci c product

This simultaneous use of BOM data in different areas of a company illustrates the advantage of a system based on integrated
application components. Links between application components facilitate continuous data exchange between different
application areas, giving all users access to the latest data at all times.

BOM Categories
In the SAP System, you can use BOMs to represent different objects (such as materials, equipment, functional location BOMs,
and documents) and to maintain object-speci c data. Before you can create a BOM for the component parts of an object, the
object must have a valid master record in your system.

The following graphic shows the objects for which you can create BOMs.

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Material BOM: BOM with Reference to a Material

A bill of material that you create for a material is known as a material BOM in the SAP System.

To create a material master in the SAP System, you can use the following functions:

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Material Create Immediately

For this material, the system creates a material master immediately, so you can also create a BOM for it.

Material Create Schedule

For this material, the system only generates a change document. This is why you cannot create a BOM for the material at rst.

Only when you activate the scheduled material does the system create a material master record. Then you can create a BOM
for it.

The material master record contains descriptive data such as the size, dimension, and weight of the material, and control data
such as the material type and the industry sector. In addition to this user-maintained data, the material master record also
contains data that is updated by the system, such as stocks.

Material BOMs are mainly used to represent the structure of products manufactured within your company. You can enter both
materials and documents as components of this BOM. A document info record must exist in your SAP System for each
document you enter.

 Note

This documentation uses the example of the material BOM to describe BOM functions.

Document Structure: BOM with Reference to a Document

A complex document may be made up of several documents, such as a program, technical drawings, papers, and photographs.
These related information and documentation objects are grouped together as a unit using a document structure – a BOM for a
document.

In effect, you create a BOM for a document info record. This "BOM" is known as a document structure.

You can nd additional information on how to maintain document structures in the component CA – Document Management
System . In the SAP-Library select Cross-Application Components Document Management System .

Equipment BOM: BOM with Reference to an Equipment

The system also allows you to maintain BOMs for equipment (technical objects for plant maintenance).

Equipment BOMs are used to describe the structure of equipment and to assign spare parts to equipment for maintenance
purposes.

Since these BOMs are linked to equipment, they are known as equipment BOMs.

You can nd additional information on how to maintain equipment BOMs in the component PM – Maintenance Bill of Material .
In the SAP-Library select Logistics PM - Plant Maintenance Technical Objects PM - Maintenance Bill of Material .

Functional Location BOM: BOM with Reference to a Functional Location

Bills of material for functional locations group together the elements of a technical structure, such as the functional unit of an
entire plant.

In the standard SAP System, a master record exists for each functional location. BOMs of this category are linked to these
master records. This is why they are known as functional location BOMs. A functional location BOM can contain materials (PM

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structure elements and items relevant to plant maintenance) and documents.

You can nd additional information on how to maintain functional location BOMs in the component PM – Maintenance Bill of
Material . In the SAP-Library select Logistics PM - Plant Maintenance Technical Objects PM - Maintenance Bill of Material .

Order BOM: BOM with Reference to a Sales Order

You work with order BOMs when you specially tailor the make-to-order production of your products to the requirements of your
customers. In order to meet the customer requirements, sales order speci c modi cations to various assemblies are often
required. Furthermore, assemblies are often specially constructed for a particular sales order.

The order speci c, modi ed or created BOMs are saved with reference to materials, sales orders, and sales order items. BOMs
of this category are linked to sales orders, so they are known as sales order BOMs or order BOMs.

You can create order BOMs using the variant con guration as well as the BOM processing function.

The Orderbrowser is a navigation tool that you can use to get an overview of the multi-level BOMs of a sales order item and
which you can use to navigate the various process and evaluation functions.

You can nd additional information on how to maintain order BOMs under PP – Order BOMs . In the SAP-Library select Logistics
PP – Production Planning and Control Basic Data Order BOMs .

Work Breakdown Structure BOM: BOM with Reference to a Production Lot

Production lots for nished and semi- nished products can be planned and manufactured using different BOMs. For example, a
substituted component can trigger a targeted cost calculation and evaluation per production lot during the planning stage
(before sales.

The number of a production lot is a WBS element from the Project System. You use this number to plan and manufacture the
production lot for an assembly, and calculate the planned and actual costs for producing the assembly.

Because of the reference to a WBS element from the Project System, these BOMs are known as WBS BOMs.

You can nd additional information on how to maintain WBS BOMs under PP – Planning Production Lots / Engineer-to-Order
Production. In the SAP-Library select Logistics PP – Production Planning and Control Basic Data Planning Production Lots
/ Engineer-to-Order Production .

Material BOM Browser

De nition
Navigation tool for displaying the multi-level BOM of a material

Use
You use the material BOM browser to navigate in a multi-level material BOM.

Structure
In the material BOM browser, the multi-level BOM is displayed similarly to in the product structure browser . This means you see
an overview tree, whose branches you can show and hide. As opposed to the product structure browser, in the overview tree of
the material BOM browser, only the BOM headers and items are displayed.

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Navigation in the Material BOM Browser

Use
You use the material BOM browser to navigate in a multi-level material BOM.

Features
Object-speci c Functions

You call up the object-speci c functions using the icons in the overview tree aswell as using the context menu.

Icons in the Overview Tree

Icon Meaning What you ought to know

BOM Header By clicking on the right mouse button, you

display the context menu with the display
BOM Items and processing functions.

Item in an assembly

Original available (document item only) By clicking on the icon, you d is play the
original le. You can nd further information
under Integrated Viewer for Displaying
Original Application Files .

Display Functions

Expand all

Display (item overview or item detail screen)

Expand in the new window of the product structure browser

Multi-level BOM display (Multi-level BOM)

Processing Functions

Change

Change with change number

Process in the Engineering Workbench

Additional Functions

Send

Store in the object folder

General Functions

You call up functions for the entire multi-level BOM in the application toolbar.

Icons in the application toolbar

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Icon Function Description

Find Displays a dialog box when you look for

materials, documents and classes in the
overview tree. The system automatically
expands the subtree, in which the desired
object is found, and highlights it.

Display variant Displays a dialog box, in which you can

determine which information is displayed in
the overview screen.

Update Re-explodes the BOM and updates the

display in the overview tree.

Activities
Choose Logistics Production Master Data Bills of Material Bill of material Material BOM Multi-level Material BOM
browser.

Calling up the Browser

1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Logistics Production Master data Bills of material Bill of material <BOM
type > Multi-level Browser .

You see the initial screen of the browser.

1. Enter the identi ed data for the BOM, the BOM application and also a date or a change number.

If you enter a change number here, the system uses this change number to explode the multi-level BOM in the overview tree.
The change number on the initial screen of the browser is not valid for changes that you then carry out to the single-level BOM.

 Note

If you click the system displays a list of the last ten BOMs displayed in the browser.

If you now click the system displays other data from the environment of the selected BOM on the initial screen.

1. If you are working with large BOMs and only want to display the assembly on the top level of the multi-level BOM, enter a
value for the maximum explosion level.

1. Click on to enter the settings for explosion and display. You can

De ne the view. For more information, see the component PS – Project System under De ne view for BOM explosion .

Restrict the view.

Using the indicator Ltd Explosion (Limited Explosion) you can select whether BOM items kept in stock should be
exploded further. For more information, see the component PP - BOMs under Restrict view for BOM explosion .

Using the indicator Var. Display Depth (Variable Display Depth) you can specify that only a section of the multi-level BOM
is displayed in the order browser. You can nd further information in Variable display depth .

Specify whether the multi-level BOM should be automatically up-dated after each processing step.

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Select whether the overview tree and the processing functions are displayed in the same window.

If you do this, the overview tree is displayed in the left or top screen area. If in the context menu of a BOM header or of a BOM
item you select a processing function, the system displays this function in the right or bottom screen area.

Before you switch to another processing function remember to save, or click .

1. Click .

Variable Display Depth

Use
In the design, you do not usually process the entire multi-level BOM for a sales order item but rather you concentrate on a
speci c assembly. You often do not want to display the entire multi-level BOM for a sales order item in the overview tree of the
order browser, rather only the subtree for the assembly you want to process.

Prerequisites
You have set the Variable disp. depth (Variable display depth) indicator in the dialog box Order browser: Settings .

Features
When you call up the order browser, the Display Depth dialog box appears. There, you select the material number of the
assembly at the head of the subtree that you want to display.

If you want to display another subtree at a later date, click on , to go back to the Display Depth dialog box.

The following functions are available in the Display Depth dialog box:

Function Procedure Notes

Display subtree Enter the material number for the assembly If an assembly in the multi-level BOM is
at the head of the subtree. Use the possible used on various different nodes, you can
entries function to do this, if necessary. clearly identify a node using the information
on levels and nodes in the entry help.

Displaying the whole multi-level BOM Deselect the Retain Variable disp. depth This results in the Display Depth dialog box
indicator. no longer being displayed during the current
session.

 Caution

In the initial node the system displays the material for the sales order item in all processing situations. This is also the case
when you only display a subtree.

Activities
Activating Variable Display Depth

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You activate variable display depth as follows:

You are in the initial screen of the browser.

1. Click .

1. The Settings dialog box appears.

1. Set the Variable disp. depth indicator.

1. Click .

Changing a Multiple BOM - Special Points

For information on options for changing multiple BOMs, see Options for Changing a Multiple BOM .

A multiple BOM groups together several alternatives. You can always only change one alternative at a time. For this reason, you
must enter an alternative.

 Note

If you want to change a variant part in one alternative, choose Material BOM Change.

If you want to change an item that is used with the same data in all alternatives (non-variable part, choose BOM
group Change.

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