MA 211@23-24 Assignment 1

Department of Mathematical Sciences
Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais
Assignment-I
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Subject: Linear Algebra & Complex Analysis (MA 211) Instructor: C. Kundu
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1. Find a row-reduced matrix for the given matrix.
6 1 3 8
4 2 6 −1
[ ]
10 3 9 7
16 4 12 15
2. Obtain the row-reduced echelon form of the given matrix and find its rank.
0 3 −6 6 4 −5
[3 −7 8 −5 8 9 ]
3 −9 12 −9 6 15
3. Reduce the matrices 𝐴 and 𝐵 to the normal form and hence determine its rank.
1 −1 2 −3
1 2 1 0
4 1 0 2
𝐴=[ ] ; 𝐵 = [−2 4 3 0 ].
0 3 0 4
1 0 2 −8
0 1 0 2
4. Find inverse of the matrix 𝐴 using Gauss-Jordan method.

1 1/2 1/3
𝐴=[ 1/2 1/3 1/4]
1/3 1/4 1/5
5. Consider the system

𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 3
𝑎𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 10
2𝑥 + 7𝑦 + 𝑎𝑧 = 𝑏
(a) Find those values of 𝑎 for which the system has a unique solution.
(b) Find those pairs of values (𝑎, 𝑏) for which the system has more than one solution.
(c) Find those pairs of values (𝑎, 𝑏) for which the system has no solution.
6. Is the set 𝑀2×2 of all 2 × 2 real matrices, a vector space under vector addition and scalar
multiplication defined as follows:
𝐴 + 𝐵 = 𝐴 . 𝐵, for all 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ 𝑀2×2 and 𝑎 . 𝐴 = 𝑎𝐴, for all 𝑎 ∈ ℝ and 𝐴 ∈ 𝑀2×2 ?
7. Let 𝑉 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ} and 𝐹 = ℝ. Check whether 𝑉 is a vector space under addition and scalar
multiplication defined as in each one of the following cases:
(i) (𝑎, 𝑏) + (𝑐, 𝑑) = (𝑎 + 𝑐, 𝑏 + 𝑑); 𝛼(𝑎, 𝑏) = (0, 𝛼𝑏)
(ii) (𝑎, 𝑏) + (𝑐, 𝑑) = (0, 𝑏 + 𝑑); 𝛼(𝑎, 𝑏) = (𝛼𝑎, 𝛼𝑏)
(iii) (𝑎, 𝑏) + (𝑐, 𝑑) = (𝑎 + 𝑐, 𝑏 + 𝑑); 𝛼(𝑎, 𝑏) = (𝛼𝑎, 𝑏)
8. If 𝑉 is the vector space of all real valued functions of real variable defined on [0,1], show that
the following subsets of 𝑉 are subspaces:
(i) all even function ; (ii) all continuous functions.
9. Let 𝑉 be the vector space of all square matrices over ℝ. Determine which of the following are
sub-spaces of 𝑉.
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 0
(i) 𝑊 = {[ ] : 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ ℝ} (ii) 𝑊 = {[ ] : 𝑥, 𝑦, ∈ ℝ}
𝑧 0 0 𝑦
(iii) 𝑊 = {𝐴 ∶ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟} (iv) 𝑊 = {𝐴 ∶ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉, 𝐴2 = 𝐴}
10. For what values of 𝑘 (if any) the vector 𝑣 = (1, −2, 𝑘) can be expressed as a linear combination
of vectors 𝑣1 = (3,0, −2) and 𝑣2 = (2, −1, −5) in ℝ3 (ℝ).
11. Show that the set {𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + 1, 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 + 1, 𝑥 + 1} is linearly independent set of vectors in the
vector space of all polynomials over the field of real numbers.
12. Determine whether or not the following vectors form a basis of ℝ3 .

(i) (1, 1, 2), (1, 2, 5), (5, 3, 4) (ii) (2, 4, −3), (0, 1, 1), (0, 1, −1)
13. Determine a basis and dimension of the following subspace 𝑊 of ℝ3 (ℝ) :

(i) 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ ℝ, 𝑦 = 2𝑥, 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑦}
(ii) 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ ℝ, 2𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 0}
14. Show that the function 〈𝑢, 𝑣〉 = 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏1 + 𝑏2 for 𝑢 = (𝑎1 , 𝑎2 ), 𝑣 = (𝑏1 , 𝑏2 ) ∈ 𝑉2 (ℝ) does
not define an inner product on 𝑉2 (ℝ).
15. If the vectors 𝑢1 = (1, 2𝑖, 𝑖), 𝑢2 = (0, 1 + 𝑖, 1), 𝑢3 = (2, 1 − 𝑖, 𝑖) ∈ ℂ3 , then
(i) find the norm (length) of each vector 𝑢𝑖 .
(ii) show that the vector 𝑣 = (1 − 𝑖, −1, 1 − 𝑖) is orthogonal to both 𝑢1 and 𝑢2 .
(iii) obtain a vector which is orthogonal to both 𝑢1 and 𝑢3 .
16. Using Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process, construct an orthonormal basis of 𝑉3 (ℝ) with
standard inner product defined on it, given the basis 𝑢1 = (1, 1, 1), 𝑢2 = (1, −2, 1), 𝑢3 =
(1, 2, 3).

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Department of Mathematical Sciences

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais

4. Find inverse of the matrix 𝐴 using Gauss-Jordan method.

5. Consider the system

12. Determine whether or not the following vectors form a basis of ℝ3 .

13. Determine a basis and dimension of the following subspace 𝑊 of ℝ3 (ℝ) :

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