AI-driven resource management strategies for cloud computing systems, services,

and applications
Satyanarayan Kanungo *

Principal Data Engineer (Bigdata and Cloud), USA.

World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 2024, 11(02), 559–566

Publication history: Received on 04 March 2024; revised on 15 April 2024; accepted on 17 April 2024

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2024.11.2.0137

Abstract
Cloud computing is a way for businesses and individuals to It has changed and revolutionized the way we access and
use resources. However, efficient resource management in cloud computing systems remains a major challenge due to
the scalability, heterogeneity, and dynamic nature of these environments. To address these challenges, artificial
intelligence (AI) technology has emerged as an effective solution to improve resource management efficiency. This
paper provides an overview of AI-based strategies for efficient resource management in cloud computing systems,
services, and applications.

This paper first reviews resource management challenges in cloud computing, including scalability, heterogeneity,
quality of service requirements, and cost optimization. Below is an overview of the various AI techniques used for
resource management. B. Algorithms for machine learning, reinforcement learning, predictive analytics, natural
language processing, and genetic algorithms.

Next, this paper considers specific AI-based strategies for efficient resource management. These strategies include
automated resource provisioning and scaling, intelligent workload planning and task allocation, predictive maintenance
and fault detection, and energy-efficient resource management. We also present case studies and applications of AI-
driven resource management in various cloud computing scenarios, including large-scale cloud providers, edge
computing, serverless computing, and container environments.

This paper describes evaluation metrics and performance analysis techniques to evaluate the effectiveness of AI-based
resource management approaches. It highlights the importance of ethical considerations, transparency, and
explainability in AI-powered resource management systems. Additionally, the integration of AI technologies into
existing resource management frameworks is discussed, and future directions are identified, including B. real-time
resource optimization and coordination.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Resources; Cloud Computing; Efficiency; Cost of Optimization; Quality of Service
(QoS)

1. Introduction

1.1. Overview of Cloud Computing Systems, Services, and Applications:

Cloud computing has revolutionized the way computing resources are provisioned, deployed, and utilized. It involves
making a shared pool of computer resources, including networks, servers, storage, apps, and services, available for use
whenever needed. Cloud computing provides flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness for organizations and


Corresponding author: Satyanarayan Kanungo
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0.
 World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 2024, 11(02), 559–566

individuals, allowing them to focus on their core business objectives without the need for large infrastructure
investments. Cloud services can be categorized as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and
Software as a Service (SaaS) and offer varying levels of control and management.

1.2. The importance of resource management in cloud computing:

Cloud computing environments require efficient resource management to ensure optimal resource utilization, meet
service level agreements (SLAs), and provide a seamless user experience. Resource management is important. Effective
resource management includes tasks such as resource provisioning, workload planning, task assignment, error
detection, and performance optimization. Poor resource management can lead to underutilization, overprovisioning,
increased costs, poor performance, and decreased user satisfaction. Therefore, effective resource management is
essential to maximizing the benefits of cloud computing while minimizing operational costs and ensuring high-quality
service delivery.

1.3. Artificial intelligence's role in improving resource management efficiency:

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has emerged as a powerful tool to improve resource management efficiency in
cloud computing systems. AI includes various sub-fields such as machine learning, reinforcement learning, predictive
analytics, natural language processing, and genetic algorithms. These technologies enable intelligent decision-making,
automation, and optimization based on data analysis, pattern recognition, and learning from historical and real-time
data. Using AI, cloud computing systems can dynamically allocate resources, optimize workload scheduling, predict
resource requirements, detect anomalies and errors, and perform energy-efficient operations. AI-based resource
management enables proactive and adaptive strategies that improve the efficiency, scalability, performance, and cost-
effectiveness of cloud computing environments.

1.4. Fog Computing Systems

Fog computing is a distributed computing infrastructure where resource-intensive functions reside between the cloud
and data sources, reducing the strain on resources (computing power, network bandwidth, and storage capacity). It's
structured. Figure 1 shows a fog computing architecture with virtualization enabled. Fog computing architecture has
two characteristics: quality of service and energy-aware delivery in virtualized computing environments.

Figure 1 The Fog computing architecture with virtualization enabled.

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To ensure the quality of service, the central cloud center interacts with edge cloud servers by obtaining resource
monitoring information and service requests. Edge cloud servers provide real-time mobile services on Internet of
Things device virtual machines. At the same time, deployed virtual machines send real-time service information,
including device type. Internet of Things devices (laptops, smartphones, and sensor devices) interact directly with
deployed virtual machines by providing service and quality of service information. Based on the data received, virtual
machines are scheduled in real-time.

The resource management strategy of the energy-aware panel in Figure 1 differs from that of the quality of service
panel, despite having a comparable architecture. Therefore, the virtual machines send information about their energy
and resource usage to the edge cloud server, and the edge cloud server optimizes the use of the virtual machines for
energy consumption.
The authors in [12] proposed an intelligent algorithm to offload decisions in fog computing when there are multiple
Internet of Things devices in close proximity. The suggested algorithm has two main goals. The suggested algorithm has
two main goals. One is device-driven intelligence, and the other is human-driven intelligence for network objectives
(energy consumption, latency, network bandwidth, network availability, security/privacy). In this perspective,
healthcare research offers an additional fog computing research strategy [13–15]. Fog computing technologies are
promising for healthcare applications because they enable the development of predictive techniques for everyday life,
where real-time and low latency are important.

1.5. Edge-Cloud Systems

In edge cloud systems, resource functions such as computing power, networking, and storage are distributed
throughout the system and closer to the traffic source. Figure 2 shows an edge cloud architecture with mobile devices.
The diagram assumes that the mobile device's edge cloud is linked to edge cloud server A. Mobile device (sub-service)
tasks from the central cloud server are copied to edge cloud server A. At this point, when the mobile device moves to
another location closest to Edge Cloud Server B, the related tasks (sub-services) are scheduled to migrate from Edge
Cloud Server A to B.

Mobile phone users should note that their devices are not aware of the central cloud server and edge cloud server
processes. Again, when the mobile device moves to another location closest to edge cloud server C, the associated tasks
(sub-services) are scheduled to migrate from edge cloud server B to C. This allows mobile and real-time applications to
benefit from edge cloud systems with reduced latency.

Regarding intelligent edge cloud systems, the authors [16] proposed an online probabilistic machine learning method
that learns from the system's dynamics. This study summarizes wireless communication applications (traffic
classification, channel encoding/decoding, channel estimation, planning, and cognitive radio) and proposes an online
learning framework for mobile edge computing systems for big data analysis. Masu.

Offloading techniques are widely used because they significantly reduce the computing and communication load on
mobile devices. To achieve this objective, the authors in [17] proposed a bidirectional initiative scheme to reduce the
decision-making burden. Using a random early detection algorithm, detect network congestion and solve the offloading
problem.

For resource management regarding energy consumption in an edge cloud computing environment, Liu et al. addressed
resource management concerning energy usage. The proposed framework allows agents to schedule tasks, considering
their energy consumption. In contrast to the basic method, Liu et al.'s approach deals with the capacity limitations of
edge servers.

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Figure 2 The edge-cloud architecture with mobile devices.

1.6. Intelligent Cloud computing system

Cloud computing is a pay-as-you-go, on-demand model that provides computing resources (CPU, memory, storage, and
network) based on virtualization technology. When a user requests a certain amount of computing resources, the cloud
data center schedules the deployment according to the request, and the requested virtual machine (or container) is
available to him within a minute.

To provide computing resources, cloud data centers aggregate large numbers of physical machines. Therefore, the
consolidation of cloud datacenter resources impacts performance and management costs. A well-managed cloud data
center reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Artificial intelligence technology can be integrated into cloud computing systems to manage computing resources. The
authors in [19] proposed a technique for dynamic resource prediction and allocation in 5G cloud radio access networks.
This method uses long-term and short-term memory to predict throughput and uses genetic algorithms to allocate
resources.

Chien et al. [20] proposed an intelligent architecture for heterogeneous networks beyond 5G. This architecture's
research objective is to use artificial intelligence techniques to enhance network performance in edge cloud computing
environments. To maintain quality of service, the authors use packet forwarding techniques and recommend
appropriate deep learning techniques for different network topics.

Zhang et al. [21] proposed a multi-algorithm service model to support heterogeneous services and applications. This
model is designed to reduce energy consumption and network latency/delay by integrating virtual machines into cloud
computing systems. To solve the optimization problem, the authors use a tidal algorithm. The algorithm finds robust
results by evaluating the relationship between computational speed and energy cost.

To manage mobile devices in cloud computing environments, we propose an intelligent resource monitoring scheme
that predicts future stability based on hidden Markov models. Figure 3 shows the proposed workflow for artificial

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intelligence applications using hidden Markov chain models. The illustrated workflow is based on an iterative model.
Note that other task models can also be applied to the proposed model.

Figure 3 The workflow of artificial intelligence applications with hidden Markov chain model.

When a user submits one or more artificial intelligence tasks, computing resources for the tasks are allocated through
the cloud portal system. The allocated resources can be virtual machines, containers, or edge cloud servers, depending
on your cloud computing environment. Artificial intelligence tasks are performed by repeating feedback control loops.
Once a round is completed, the (partial) results are transferred to the input of the next round.

In the feedback control loop stage, a hidden Markov chain model is applied. Hidden Markov chain models use current
and previous mobile device stability information to predict future stability. Specifically, we consider the monitoring
information as observable states and calculate the probability of hidden states. Calculating hidden state probabilities
allows you to predict your mobile device's future stability. Predicted stability information can be used for cloud
integration and cloud resource planning.

An overview and comparison of artificial intelligence-based resource management systems in cloud computing
environments can be found in Table 1. Regarding the category of cloud-based systems, our scheme is closely related to
intelligent cloud computing systems. Our scheme differs from other studies in terms of features. The proposed
intelligent resource management scheme integrates mobile devices into cloud-based systems, "including fog computing
and edge clouds." The monitored information. The monitored information The monitored information The monitored
information is monitored regularly, and the monitored information is used to predict future stability and mobility based
on hidden Markov models. Therefore, our scheme can be used for common cloud applications such as task scheduling,
resource consolidation, and computing offloading while optimizing the overall system.

Table 1 Comparison and summary of resource management schemes based on artificial intelligence

Category Study Characteristics Technique/consideration Application

13 Energy and latency Machine learning, task offloading Body sensor network,
reduction health monitoring
14 Achieve overall system Geo-distributed system between Heathcare, smart
performance sensor nodes and cloud home
15 Sensitive data protection, Patient driven healthcare Healthcare (individual
delay reduction architecture clustered)

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Edge-cloud 16 Decoupled of tasks between Machine learning for wireless Mobile edge
time slots and edge devices communication computing, big data
analytics
17 Avoidance of network Computation offloading, Task scheduling in
congestion wired/wireless communication edge- cloud systems
18 Improvement of the energy Energy-aware scheduling scheme Smart cities (smart
management performance, with deep reinforcement learning building, smart power
reduction of the execution grid, multi-energy
time networks)
Intelligent 19 Improvement of chip Cognitive manufacturing, Robot-factory
cloud assembly and production intelligent manufacturing
computing efficiency
20 Implementation of Heterogeneity of beyond 5G Resource allocation,
intelligent system integrated packet
architectures and network forwarding
function

21 Optimization of energy Workload weights and the Artificial intelligence

consumption and delay computation capacities applications

Ours predict future stability and mobility Hidden Markov model Mobile and artificial intelligence application.

2. Conclusion
In summary, the rapid growth of cloud computing systems, services, and applications requires the development of
efficient resource management strategies to meet the increasing demands in this dynamic environment. In this research
article, we explored the potential of AI-driven approaches to address challenges related to resource allocation,
optimization, and scalability in cloud computing.

By harnessing the power of artificial intelligence, cloud computing systems can benefit from intelligent decision-making,
predictive analytics, and automated resource provisioning. AI algorithms such as machine learning and deep learning
analyze large amounts of data, identify patterns, and make informed predictions to optimize resource utilization,
improve performance, and reduce costs. Masu.

Integrating AI-driven resource management strategies into cloud computing offers many benefits. This enables
proactive resource allocation, where resources are dynamically allocated based on workload patterns, user needs, and
performance requirements. This not only ensures optimal utilization, but also increases system reliability and
responsiveness.

AI algorithms also enable predictive scaling, allowing cloud providers to predict future resource needs and scale
accordingly. By leveraging historical data, workload forecasting, and predictive analytics, cloud systems can proactively
adjust resource allocation based on fluctuating demand, avoiding potential bottlenecks and over-provisioning.

Furthermore, AI-powered resource management strategies contribute to improving security and fault tolerance in
cloud computing. Machine learning algorithms can detect anomalies, identify potential security threats, and take
proactive steps to reduce risk. Automated failure detection and recovery mechanisms can be used to ensure system
resiliency and minimize downtime.

However, it is important to be aware of the challenges and considerations associated with AI-driven resource
management in cloud computing. Ethical concerns, privacy, algorithmic bias, and interpretability are important factors
that need to be carefully considered to ensure fairness, transparency, and accountability.

In summary, AI-driven resource management strategies have the potential to revolutionize cloud computing systems,
services, and applications. These strategies optimize resource utilization, improve performance, increase scalability,

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and strengthen security through intelligent decision-making, predictive analytics, and proactive resource allocation. As
cloud computing continues to evolve and expand, enterprises must adopt an AI-driven resource management approach
to remain competitive, provide efficient services, and meet the ever-increasing demands of the digital age. It becomes
important.

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