成功的关键不是智商，而是毅力

TED 成功的关键不是智商，⽽是毅⼒
题⽬：Grit: The power of passion and perseverance

作者: Angela Duckworth
When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in

management consulting for a job that was even more demanding:
teaching. I went to teach seventh graders math in the New York
City public schools. And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests. quizzes
n.⼩测验
I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I
calculated grades.
在我27岁的时候，我辞去了⼀份⾮常有挑战性的职业⼀企业管理咨询,转
⽽投⼊了⼀份更加具有挑战性的职业:教育。我来到纽约的⼀些公⽴学校
教7年级的学⽣的数学。和别的⽼师⼀样,我会给学⽣们做⼩测验和考试，
我会给他们布置家庭作业。当这些试卷和作业收上来之后，我计算了他
们的成绩。
What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference between stratospheric
my best and my worst students. Some of my strongest performers adj.最⾼层的
did not have stratospheric IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids
weren't doing so well. And that got me thinking. The kinds of decimal
things you need to learn in seventh grade math, sure, they're hard: adj.⼩数的
ratios, decimals, the area of a parallelogram. But these concepts
are not impossible, and I was firmly convinced that every one of parallelogram
my students could learn the material if they worked hard and long n.平⾏四边
enough.
形
让我震惊的是，IQ的⾼低并不是我最好的和最差的学⽣之间唯⼀的差
别。⼀些在课业上表现很好的学⽣并不具有⾮常⾼的IQ分数。⼀些⾮常
聪明的孩⼦反⽽在课业上表现的不那么尽如⼈意。这引起了我的思考。当
然，学⽣们在7年级需要学习的东西是有难度的，像⽐率，⼩数，平⾏四
边形的⾯积计算。但是这些概念是完全可以被掌握的，我坚信我的每⼀
位学⽣都可以学会教材内容，只要他们肯花时间和精⼒的话。
After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that
what we need in education is a much better understanding of motivational
students and learning from a motivational perspective, from a adj.动机的
psychological perspective. In education, the one thing we know
how to measure best is IQ. But what if doing well in school and in
life depends on much more than your ability to learn quickly and
easily?
经过⼏年教学之后，我得出⼀个结论，我们在教育⽅⾯所需要的是从学习
动⼒的⾓度和⼼理学的⾓度，对学⽣和学习⾏为进⾏⼀次更为深刻的理
解。在教育体系中，我们都知道评价优秀学⽣的标准就是IQ，但如果在学
校和⽣活中的优秀表现远不仅仅依赖于你轻松⾼效学习的能⼒呢?
So I left the classroom, and I went to graduate school to become a

settings
psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super
n.环境，场
challenging settings, and in every study my question was, who is
合
successful here and why? My research team and I went to West
Point Military Academy. We tried to predict which cadets would cadet
stay in military training and which would drop out. We went to the
n.陆海军官
National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would
学校的学员
advance farthest in competition. We studied rookie teachers
working in really tough neighborhoods, asking which teachers are rookie
still going to be here in teaching by the end of the school year, and n.新⼈，新
of those, who will be the most effective at improving learning ⼿
outcomes for their students?
所有我离开了讲台，回到学校继续攻读⼼理学硕⼠学位。我开始研究孩
⼦和⼤⼈，在各种⾮常具有挑战性的情况下，以及在各项研究中，我的问
题是谁才是成功者，为什么他们会成功?我和我的研究团队前往西点军校
展开调研，我们试图预测哪些学员能够耐得住军队的训练，哪些会被淘
汰出局。我们前去观摩全国拼字⽐赛，同时也试着预测哪些孩⼦会晋级到
最后的⽐赛。我们研究在恶劣的⼯作环境下⼯作的，刚⼊⾏的⽼师，询
问他们哪些⽼师决定会在学年结束后继续留下来任教，以及他们之中谁
能最快地提⾼学⽣的学习成绩。
We partnered with private companies, asking, which of these
salespeople is going to keep their jobs? And who's going to earn
the most money? In all those very different contexts, one characteristic
characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success. And it n.特点，特
wasn't social intelligence. It wasn't good looks, physical health, 征
and it wasn't IQ. It was grit.
我们与私企合作，向他们询问哪些销售⼈员可以保住⼯作，哪些可以赚
钱最多?在所有那些不同的情境下，⼀种性格特征凸显了出来，这种特征
在很⼤程度上预⽰了成功。⽽且它并不是社交智⼒。不是漂亮的外表，
强健的体魄，也不是很⾼的IQ，它是毅⼒。
Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. Grit is stamina
having stamina. Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out, n.耐⼒，持
not just for the week, not just for the month, but for years, and 久⼒
working really hard to make that future a reality. Grit is living life
like it's a marathon, not a sprint. sprint
毅⼒是对长远⽬标的激情和坚持，毅⼒是拥有持久的恒劲，毅⼒是你对 n.短跑
未来的坚持，⽇复⼀⽇不是仅仅持续⼀个星期或者⼀个⽉，⽽是⼏年甚
⾄⼏⼗年努⼒奋⽃着让⾃⼰的梦想变为现实。毅⼒是把⽣活当成⼀场马
拉松⽽不是⼀次短跑。
A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public

schools. I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit
questionnaires, and then waited around more than a year to see
who would graduate.
⼏年前，在芝加哥的公⽴学校⾥，我开始研究毅⼒。我对上千名初中⽣
进⾏了关于毅⼒的问卷调查，然后等候了⼀年多，来看最终哪些学⽣能
毕业。
Turns out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to
graduate, even when I matched them on every characteristic I
could measure, things like family income, standardized
achievement test scores, even how safe kids felt when they were
at school. So it's not just at West Point or the National Spelling
Bee that grit matters. It's also in school, especially for kids at risk drop out
for dropping out. 辍学
结果证明那些更具毅⼒的学⽣在毕业的概率上占绝对优势，即使是在同
样可以量化的外在因素下像家庭收⼊，标准化成绩测验的分数，甚⾄是
孩⼦们在学校能获得多少安全感之类，仍是有毅⼒的学⽣更容易毕业所
有不仅仅是在西点军校⾥或者全国拼字⽐赛上才需要毅⼒。在学校亦是
如此，尤其是对于那些徘徊在辍学边缘的孩⼦们。
To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know,
how little science knows, about building it. Every day, parents and
teachers ask me, "How do I build grit in kids? What do I do to ethic
teach kids a solid work ethic? How do I keep them motivated for n.道德规范
the long run?" The honest answer is, I don't know.
对于我⾃⼰来说，关于毅⼒最让我震惊的事情莫过于对于毅⼒，我们知
之甚少，在培养毅⼒上, 科学对理解的认识又是何等贫乏。每天都有家长
和⽼师来问我，”我怎样做才能培养孩⼦的毅⼒呢?该做些什么才能教授
给孩⼦们真正的职业道德?又该怎样调动他们长期的积极性呢?”⽼实说,我
不知道。
commitment
What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty. Our data
n.忠诚，承诺
show very clearly that there are many talented individuals who
simply do not follow through on their commitments. In fact, in unrelated
our data, grit is usually unrelated or even inversely related to
adj.⽆关的
measures of talent.
我所知道的是，才华并不能使你坚韧不拔。我们的数据⼗分清楚地表明, inversely
有许多才华横溢的⼈，他们都⽆法坚持兑现⾃⼰的承诺。事实上，根据 adv.相反地
我们的数据来看,毅⼒通常与其他因素⽆关，甚⾄与才华的衡量标准背道
⽽驰。
So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids is growth
something called "growth mindset." This is an idea developed at mindset
Stanford University by Carol Dweck, and it is the belief that the 成⻓型思维
ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort.
模式
Dr. Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn about the
brain and how it changes and grows in response to challenge,
they're much more likely to persevere when they fail, because
they don't believe that failure is a permanent condition.
到⽬前为⽌，我所听说过的在孩⼦⾝上培养坚韧品质最有效的⽅法叫”成
长型思维模式。”斯坦福⼤学卡洛杜威克提出过⼀个观点，他相信⼈的学
习能⼒是可变的，它随着你的努⼒程度⽽变化。杜威克教授表⽰，当
孩⼦们阅读和学习有关⼤脑的知识以及它在⾯对挑战时所发⽣的变化和
成长情况，他们失败之后更容易坚持下去，因为他们不相信会⼀直失败
下去。
So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit. But we need

more. And that's where I'm going to end my remarks, because remark
that's where we are. That's the work that stands before us. We n.⾔论，议论
need to take our best ideas, our strongest intuitions, and we need
to test them. We need to measure whether we've been successful,
and we have to be willing to fail, to be wrong, to start over again
with lessons learned.
因此，成长性思维模式对培养毅⼒⼤有裨益。但是我们需要更多。我决
定在此结束我的评论，因为我们正在经历着这⼀切。这是眼前所⾯临的
⼯作。我们要拿出最好的想法和最强的直觉，我们要对他们进⾏实践。
我们需要估量这⼀-切是否成功同时还要渴望对失败和错误，要从这些失
败中汲取经验重新再来。
In other words, we need to be gritty about getting our kids

grittier.
换句话说，我们只有⾃⼰变得更有毅⼒才能让我们的孩⼦变得更有毅
⼒。

成功的关键不是智商，而是毅力

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

成功的关键不是智商，而是毅力

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

成功的关键不是智商，而是毅力

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TED 成功的关键不是智商，⽽是毅⼒

题⽬：Grit: The power of passion and perseverance

When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in

So I left the classroom, and I went to graduate school to become a

A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public

So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit. But we need

In other words, we need to be gritty about getting our kids

You might also like