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    MPLS

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    kcirt29

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    MPLS

    Uploaded by

    kcirt29
    1 views2 pages

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    MPLS

    Uploaded by

    kcirt29

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is a high-performance telecommunications technique that directs

    and carries data from one node to the next based on short path labels rather than longer network
    addresses. Here’s how MPLS works:

    1. Label Assignment

    Label Creation: When a packet enters an MPLS network, it is assigned a label by the ingress router (Label
    Edge Router or LER). This label serves as a shortcut for the forwarding process.

    Label Stack: MPLS can use a stack of labels, allowing multiple labels to be associated with a single packet
    for various purposes, such as traffic engineering or VPN services.

    2. Label Switching

    Forwarding Based on Labels: Once labeled, packets travel through the MPLS network. Each router in the
    MPLS path (known as Label Switching Routers or LSRs) examines the label instead of the IP header to
    determine the next hop.

    Label Swapping: As packets pass through LSRs, the existing label is swapped for a new label that
    indicates the next hop. This process continues until the packet reaches its destination.

    3. Traffic Engineering

    Path Control: MPLS allows for more efficient routing decisions based on predetermined paths rather
    than relying solely on traditional routing protocols. This enables better bandwidth utilization and
    management of network resources.

    Quality of Service (QoS): MPLS can prioritize certain types of traffic, ensuring that critical applications
    receive the necessary bandwidth and low latency.

    4. Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)

    Establishing Label Bindings: MPLS uses protocols like LDP to distribute labels across the network. LDP
    establishes label bindings between routers, allowing them to know which labels are associated with
    which routes.

    Protocols: In addition to LDP, other protocols like RSVP-TE (Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic
    Engineering) can also be used for more advanced traffic engineering capabilities.

    5. Packet Delivery

    Egress Router: When a packet reaches its destination, the egress router (another LER) removes the
    MPLS label and forwards the packet based on its original IP address.

    Final Delivery: The packet is delivered to its final destination using standard Layer 3 forwarding
    techniques.

    6. Benefits of MPLS

    Improved Performance: By reducing the amount of information routers need to examine (labels instead
    of full headers), MPLS can increase the speed of packet forwarding.
    Flexibility: MPLS supports various network protocols (hence "multiprotocol"), making it adaptable to
    different types of traffic.

    Scalability: It can efficiently manage large-scale networks with various types of traffic patterns.

    Enhanced Security: By creating private networks and isolating traffic, MPLS can enhance security
    compared to traditional IP routing.

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