SOLVED MODEL QUESTION PAPER-2(2024-25)

(ISSUED BY PUE BOARD)

II PUC - PHYSICS (33)
Time: 3 hours. Maximum Marks: 70
No of questions: 45
General Instructions:
1. All parts (A TO D) are compulsory. PART-E is only for visually challenged students.
2. For Part – A questions, first written-answer will be considered for awarding marks.
3. Answers without relevant diagram / figure / circuit wherever necessary will not carry any marks.
4. Direct answers to numerical problems without relevant formula and detailed solutions will not carry
any marks.
PART – A
I. Pick the correct option among the four given options for ALL of the following
questions: [15 × 1 = 15]
1
1. The total electric flux through a closed surface in air is equal to times the total charge enclosed
0
by that surface. This is the statement of:
(A) Coulomb’s in electrostatics (B) Gauss’ in magnetism
(C) Gauss’ law in electrostatics (D) Ampere’s circuital law

Answer: (C) Gauss’ law in electrostatics.

2. The electric potential due to a negative point charge at a distance ‘r’ is:
1 1
(A) positive and it varies as 2
(B) positive and it varies as
r r
1 1
(C) negative and it varies as 2 (D) negative and it varies as
r r
1
Answer: (D) negative and it varies as .
r
3. Identify the WRONG statement from the following
(A) The drift speed acquired by free electrons per unit electric field is called mobility.
(B) The conductivity of semiconductors decreases with increase in temperature.
(C) The conductivity of conductors decreases with increase in temperature.
(D) Alloys are widely used in the construction of standard resistors.
Answer: (B)The conductivity of semiconductors decreases with increase in temperature.
4. The physical quantities related to magnetism are listed in column I and the dimensions are listed in
column II. Identify the correct match.
Column I Column II
(i) Magnetic field (a) [MLT-2A-2]
(ii) Magnetic permeability (b) [L2 A]
(iii) Magnetic moment (c) [M T-2A-1]
(A) (i) - (b), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (a) (B) (i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (a)
(C) (i) - (a), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (c) (D) (i) - (c), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (b)
Answer: (B) (i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (a).
1
5. The ferromagnetic material among the following is
(A) copper (B) nickel (C) lead (D) calcium
Answer: (B) nickel.
6. The following are the statements related to self-inductance:
(i) The self-inductance of a coil depends on its geometry and on the permeability of the medium
inside it.
(ii) The self-inductance is a measure of electrical inertia & opposes the change in current in the
coil.
(A) Both the statements are wrong (B) Only statement (i) is correct
(C) Both the statements are correct (D) Only statement (ii) is correct
Answer: ( C) Both the statements are correct.
7. In a transformer, NP and NS are the number of turns present in its primary and secondary coils
respectively. The transformer is said to be a step-up transformer, if:
(A) NP < NS (B) NP > NS (C) NP = NS (D) NP >> NS
Answer: (A) NP < NS.
8. The expression for displacement current id is:
dE d E dE dE
(A) id   02 (B) id   0 0 (C) id  0 (D) id   0
dt dt dt dt
dE
Answer: (D) id   0 .
dt
9. Identify the statement which is true for a compound microscope from the following.
(A) Its objective is a convex lens of greater aperture.
(B) Its eyepiece is a convex lens of smaller aperture.
(C) The image formed by its objective is real and inverted.
(D) Its eyepiece produces the final image, which is virtual and diminished.
Answer: ( C) The image formed by its objective is real and inverted.
10. Diffraction effect is exhibited by .
(A) only sound waves (B) only light waves
(C) only matter waves (D) all types of waves
Answer: (D) all types of waves.
11. In photoelectric effect experiment, if only the frequency of incident radiation is increased,
then
(A) the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons decreases. (B) the stopping potential increases.
(C) the photoelectric current increases. (D) the photoelectric current decreases.
Answer: (B) the stopping potential increases
12. The impact parameter is minimum in alpha (α) - scattering experiment for the scattering angle
of
(A) 1800 (B) 00 (C) 1200 (D) 900
Answer: (A) 1800.

2
13. The standing wave pattern of matter waves associated with an electron revolving in a stable orbit
is shown in the diagram. The principal quantum number (n) and radius (rn) of the orbit are
respectively

4 4
(A) 8 and (B) 4 and
 
2 2
(C) 8 and (D) 4 and
 
2
Answer: (D) 4 and .

14. The radioactive decay in which very high energy photons are emitted is called .
(A) gamma decay (B) alpha decay (C) negative β decay (D) positive β decay
Answer: (A) gamma decay.
15. When a forward bias is applied to a p-n junction, it
(A) raises the potential barrier. (B) reduces the majority carrier current to zero.
(C) lowers the potential barrier. (D) raises the width of depletion region.

Answer: (C) lowers the potential barrier.

II. Fill in the blanks by choosing appropriate answer given in the bracket for ALL
the following questions: [5×1= 5]
(zero, paramagnetic, transverse, ac generator, one, diamagnetic)
16. The magnetic susceptibility is negative for materials.
Answer: diamagnetic.
17. The device which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction is .
Answer: ac generator.
18. The power factor of an AC circuit containing pure resistor is .
Answer: one.
19. The light waves are in nature.
Answer: transverse.
20. The charge of a photon is .
Answer: zero.

PART – B
III. Answer any FIVE of the following questions: [5×2= 10]
21. ‘The charges are additive in nature’. Explain.
Answer: The net charge on a body is equal to the algebraic sum of all the individual charges by
considering sign on them (positive or negative).

3
 Consider a body whose different regions contain the point charges q1, q2, q3………………….….qn.
According to the property of additive nature of charges, the net charge on the body is given by:
q  q1  q2  q3  ...........................  qn

22. What is an equipotential surface? What will be the shape of equipotential surfaces corresponding
to a single point charge?
Answer: A surface connecting all the points at the same potential is called an equipotential surface.
The equipotential surfaces due to an isolated point charge are concentric spheres in shape as shown in
following the figure.

23. Give any two differences between current and current density.
Answer:

24. A moving coil galvanometer gives a deflection of 10 divisions when 200 µA of current is passed
through it. Find the current sensitivity of the galvanometer.
Answer:
Given:   10dvn and I  200A  200 106 A  2 104 A.
To calculate: IS
Solution: Current sensitivity of moving coil galvanometer is:

IS 
I
10
IS 
2  10  4
I S  5  10 4 dvn / A

25. State Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law of electromagnetic induction.

Answer:
Faraday’s law : The magnitude of the induced emf in a circuit is equal to the time rate of change of
magnetic flux through the circuit.
If  is the induced emf when the magnetic flux changes by d B in a time interval dt , then:
d B
 
dt
Lenz’s law: It states that the direction of the induced emf is such that it opposes the cause of emf.
If  is the induced emf when the magnetic flux changes by d B in a time interval dt , then:
d
  B
dt
The negative sign indicates that the direction of the induced emf is such that it opposes the cause of emf.
4
26. Name the electromagnetic waves used for the following applications.
a) The radar systems used in aircraft navigation.
b) The remote switches of household electronic systems such as TV.
Answer:
(a) Microwaves.
(b) IR (Infrared radiations).
27. How is total energy of an electron revolving in an orbit of hydrogen atom related to the principal
quantum number of the orbit? What is the significance of the negative sign in the expression for
total energy of electron in a hydrogen atom?

Answer:

The total energy of an electron revolving in an orbit of hydrogen atom is inversely proportional to
square of principal quantum number of the orbit and it is given by:.

13.6
En   eV
n2
The negative sign indicates that electron is bound to the nucleus by an electrostatic attractive force.
28. What are intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors?
Answer:
The semiconductors in their purest forms are called intrinsic semiconductors.
Examples: Ge and Si.
The impurity added semiconductors are called extrinsic semiconductors.
Examples: Ge doped with either with As or Al.

PART – C
IV. Answer any FIVE of the following questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
29. What is an electric dipole? Define electric dipole moment. Give its direction.
Answer:
A system consisting of two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance is called an electric
dipole.
Dipole moment(p) is defined as the product of magnitude of either charge ( q) and the separation between
the charges of the dipole( 2a).
p  q.2a
The direction of dipole moment is from negative charge to positive charge of the dipole.
30. What is a capacitor? Mention any two factors on which the capacitance of a parallel plate
capacitor depends.
Answer: An arrangement consisting of two metal plates separated by a small distance with a dielectric
medium used to store electrical charges and energy is called capacitor.
Factors on which the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor depends:
i. Size and shape of conductors, ii. Separation between the conductors and iii. dielectric medium between
the conductors.

5
31. Derive an expression for angular frequency of revolution for a charged particle moving
perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field.
Answer: Consider a charged particle of charge q and mass m moving in a uniform magnetic field B with
a speed v in a circular path of radius r with an angular frequency  .

The magnetic force on the particle is:

F  qvB …………..……(1)
The centripetal force is:
m v2
F ………………(2)
r
From (1) and (2):
mv 2
 qvB
r
v Bq v
  v  r   
r m r

Bq
 ………………(3)
m
This is the expression for angular frequency of revolution for a charged particle moving perpendicular
to a uniform magnetic field.
32. Mention any three properties of magnetic field lines.
Answer:
Properties of magnetic field lines:
i.Magnetic field lines start from the north pole and reach the south pole externally and then go from
south pole to north pole internally in a magnet. Thus, magnetic field lines are continuous closed loops.
ii.A tangent drawn at a point on the magnetic field line gives the direction of magnetic field at that point.
iii.Two magnetic field lines never intersect each other.
33. A horizontal straight wire 10 m long is falling with a speed of 5.0 m s–1, at right angles to a
magnetic field, 0.30 × 10–4 Wbm–2. Find the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the wire.
Answer:
Given: l  10m , v  5m / s , B  0.3 104 Wbm2 and   900.
To find: 
Solution:
Instantaneous value of the emf induced in the wire is:
  Blv sin 
  0.3 104 10  5  sin 900
  1.5 103V  1.5mV

6
34. Derive the relation between radius of curvature and focal length in case of a concave mirror.
Answer: Consider a concave mirror of small aperture with P as pole, F as principal focus and C as centre
of curvature. A ray of light AM moving parallel to the principal axis, passes through the focus F of the
mirror. Let N be the normal to the reflecting surface through the point of incidence M which meets the
principal axis at C.

Let:
θ = angle of incidence = angle of reflection.
PF = f = focal length of the mirror.
PC = R = radius of curvature of the mirror.
As the mirror is of small aperture, MP is nearly equal to the perpendicular MD.
From Δ MCP:
PM
tan  --------------------------------(1)
PC
From Δ MFP:
PM
tan 2  -------------------------------(2)
PF
If θ and 2θ are small, then tan θ = θ & tan2θ= 2θ. Therefore, equations (1) & (2) become:
PM
 ------------------------------------(3)
PC
PM
2  -----------------------------------(4)
PF
Dividing equation (3) by (4):
1 PF

2 PC
1 f
 Where : PF = f and PC = R.
2 R
R
f  ---------------------------------(5)
2
This is the required relation between focal length & radius of curvature of the mirror.
35. Give Einstein’s explanation of photoelectric effect and write Einstein’s photoelectric equation.
Answer: According to Einstein , when the photon falls on a metal surface, there is an interaction between
the photon and the electron. Due to this interaction or elastic collision, the electron absorbs the energy of
the incident photon. The energy of photon is utilized in two ways: a part of energy is used in breaking the
surface barrier to come out of the metal surface, which is equal to work function of the metal and the
remaining energy is utilized in giving the kinetic energy to the ejected electrons. Thus, the energy of the
incident photon is equal to sum of work function of the metal and the maximum kinetic energy of
photoelectrons.
Einstein’s photoelectric equation :
Energy of photon E  =Work function 0  +Maximum kinetic energy of electron K max 
E  0  K max
h  h 0  K max
K max  h   0 

Where: E  h , 0  h 0 ,  frequency of photon &  0  threshold frequency

7
36. Define ‘binding energy’ and ‘mass defect’. Write the relation between them.
Answer:
Mass defect: It is defined as the difference between the mass of the nucleons in a nucleus and the rest
mass of the nucleus.
Binding energy: It is defined as the energy required to disintegrate the nucleus into its constituent
particles or the energy equivalent to mass defect is called binding energy.
Relation between binding energy Eb  and mass defect m :

Eb  m c 2 Where : c= speed of light= 3 108 m/ s .

PART – D
V. Answer any THREE of the following questions: [3×5= 5]
37. a) Obtain an expression for potential energy of an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field. (3)
b) Define energy density of a charged capacitor. How is the energy density related to electric field
present between the plates of capacitor? (2)
Answer: Consider an electric dipole of length 2a and moment p having charges -q and +q in a uniform
electric field E. Let  be the angle between the axis of the dipole and the direction of the electric field.
The forces +qE and -qE on the dipole which are equal and anti-parallel constitute a couple and the dipole
experiences a torque.

The torque on the dipole is given by:

  pE sin  ...............................(1)
This torque on the dipole always tends to align the dipole in the direction of electric filed. Therefore, to
rotate the dipole in the electric field, work must be done against the torque.
The small amount of work done dW to rotate the dipole through a small angle d  is:
Work. done  Torque Angular displacement
dW   .d
dW  pE sin  .d ........................(2)
Total work done in rotating the dipole from 1 . to  2 is:
2

 dW  pE  sin d
1

W  pE cos 12



W   pEcos 2  cos1  .............(3)

If 1  90o and  2   , then equation (3) becomes:
W   pE cos
This work done is converted into potential energy in the dipole.
Potential energy = Work done
U W
U   pE cos .........................................(4)
This gives the expression for potential energy of an electric dipole in uniform electric field.
Vector form of equation (4) is:
U   p  E ..............................................(5)
 The potential energy of an electric dipole in uniform electric filed is equal to negative dot product of
dipole moment and electric field.

8
 b)Energy density of a charged capacitor: It is defined as the energy stored per unit volume of the
space between the plates of the capacitor.
Relation between the energy density ud  and electric field E  :
1
ud  0E2
2
Where:  0  8.854  10 12 N 1m 2C 2 = absolute permittivity of free space.

38. Derive an expression for effective emf and effective internal resistance of two cells of different
emfs and internal resistances connected in parallel.
Answer: Consider two cells of emfs  1 &  2 with internal resistances r1 and r2 in parallel connection.

Let:
 eq =equivalent (effective) emf of the parallel combination.
req = equivalent (effective) internal resistance of the parallel combination.
I1 and I2= currents offered by the two cells
I = current flowing through the combination.
VA and VB = potentials at A and B respectively.
Potential difference between A and B of the first cell is:
VA- VB = VAB =  1 - I1r1
`I1r1=  1 - VAB
  V AB
I1  1 -----------------------------------------------------(1)
r1
Potential difference between A and B of the second cell is:
VA- VB = VAB =  2 - I2r2
I2r2=  2 -VAB
  V AB
I2  2 -----------------------------------------------------(2)
r2
Total current is:

I = I1 + I2
  V AB  2  V AB
 1 +
r1 r2
  V V
 1  2  AB  AB
r1 r2 r1 r2
   1 1
  1  2   V AB   
 r1 r2   r1 r2 
  r   2 r1  r r 
I   1 2   V AB  1 2 
 r1r2   r1r2 
 r  r    r   2 r1 
V AB  1 2    1 2   I
 12  
r r r r
1 2 

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   r   2 r1  r1r2 rr
V AB   1 2  I 1 2
 r1r2  r1  r2 r1  r2
  r   2 r1  rr
V AB   1 2   I 1 2 ---------------------------------------(3)
 r1  r2  r1  r2
If the parallel combination of two cells is replaced by a single cell of emf  eq and internal resistance req,
then the potential difference between A and B is:
V AB   eq  Ireq --------------------------------------------------(4)
Comparing equations (3) and (4):
 r  r
 eq  1 2 2 1 ------------------------------------------------(5)
r1  r2
This gives the expression for effective emf.
rr
req  1 2 ------------------------------------------------------(6)
r1  r2
This gives the expression for effective internal resistance.
39. Derive an expression for force per unit length on two infinitely long thin parallel straight
conductors carrying currents and hence define ‘ampere’.
Answer: Consider two parallel infinitely long straight conductors a and b carrying currents I1 and I2 in
the same direction placed at a distance d apart in vacuum. They exert forces on each other. It is because
one conductor is placed in the magnetic field of the other. Let F be the magnitude of the force on a
segment l of either conductor.

Magnitude of magnetic field produced by the conductor a is :

 I
B1  0 1 ……………..(1)
2d
The direction of this magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the paper and is directed inwards.
Magnitude of magnetic field produced by the conductor b is :
 I
B2  0 2 ………………(2)
2d
The direction of this magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the paper and is directed outwards.
Force on b placed in the magnetic field of a is:
F21  B1 I 2 l
 I
 0 1 I 2l
2d
 II
F21  0 1 2 l -----------------------------------(3)
2d
This force is in the plane of the paper & is directed towards the conductor a.
Force on a placed in the magnetic field of b is:
F12  B2 I1l
 I
 0 2 I 1l
2d
 II
F12  0 1 2 l -----------------------------------(4)
2d
This force is in the plane of the paper &is directed towards the conductor b.
10
 From equations (3) and (4), it is clear that: F12  F21  F
 II
F 0 1 2l
2d
F  0 I1 I 2  0  2I1 I 2 
    -------------------------------------(5)
l 2d 4  d 
This equation gives the expression for force per unit length between two parallel current
carrying conductors.
0
If I1 = I2 = 1A,d = 1 m, l= 1m and  10 7 TmA 1 , then equation (5) becomes :
4
2 11
F  10 7  1
1
F  2  10 7 N
The ampere is the value of that steady current which, when maintained in each of the two very long,
straight, parallel conductors of negligible cross section and placed one metre apart in vacuum, would
produce on each of these conductors a force equal to 2X10-7 newton per metre of length.
40. a) What is a wavefront? (1)
b) Explain the refraction of a parallel plane wave through a thin prism with a neat diagram.(2)
c) Give any two differences between constructive and destructive interferences of light. (2)
Answer:
a) Wavefront: A surface (locus) passing through the particles of the medium which are in the same phase
is called a wavefront.
b) Refraction of a parallel plane wave through a thin prism:

A plane wavefront AB is incident on a thin glass prism of RI n. The secondary wavelets from Q in air
after travelling through the prism, emerges out again in air. The time taken by the wavelets in travelling
from A to B with a speed v in the prism is: t  BC . In the same time t, the wavelets from P almost
v
travel the entire distance in air and reaches the point C/. Therefore the points C and C/ are in phase. The
line joining the points C and C/ represents secondary wavefront. Hence it can be concluded that a plane
wavefront incident on the thin prism emerges out as a plane wavefront through the prism.
c) Differences between constructive and destructive interferences of light:
Constructive interference of light Destructive interference of light
1.The path difference between the two waves should 1.The path difference between the two waves should
 
be an even multiple of . be an odd multiple of .
2 2
 
  n  2n   2n  1
2 2
Where n = 0, 1, 2, 3…… Where n =0, 1, 2, 3 …….

2.The phase difference between the two waves should 2.The phase difference between the two waves should
be an even multiple of  . be an odd multiple of  .
  2n   2n  1
Where: n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ……. Where: n =0,1, 2, 3 …………

11
41. What is a half-wave rectifier? Explain the working of a half-wave rectifier using neat circuit
diagram. Also draw input-output waveforms corresponding to it.
Answer: A device which converts only half of ac into dc is called half wave rectifier.
Working of pn junction diode as a half wave rectifier:
AC voltage to be converted into dc is given to the primary of the transformer
T and across the secondary, a series combination of a diode D and a load resistance is placed. During
positive half of ac, the diode becomes forward biased and during negative half the diode gets reverse
biased. Therefore only positive half of AC voltage is converted into dc voltage. The diode used in this
manner is called half wave rectifier The input and output wave forms are shown below.
D
T

AC P S RL

VI. Answer any TWO of the following questions: [2 ×5 =10]

42. Two point charges of +4 nC and +8 nC are placed at the points A and B respectively separated by a
distance 0.2 m in air. Find the magnitude of the resultant electric field at the midpoint ‘O’ of the
line joining A and B. What will be the magnitude of resultant electric field at ‘O’ if +4 nC is
replaced by another +8 nC charge?
Answer:
Given:
1
q A  4nC  4  10 9 C , q B  8nC  8  10 9 C , r  0.2m, rA  rB  0.1m and  9  10 9 Nm 2 C 2
4 0
To calculate: E
Solution:

Electric field at O due to qA is:

1 qA
EA 
4 0 rA2
4 10 9
E A  9 10 9 
0.12
E A  3600 NC 1
It acts along AO as shown in the figure.
Electric field at O due to qB is:
1 qB
EB 
4 0 rB2
8 10 9
E B  9 109 
0.12
E B  7200 NC 1
It acts along BO as shown in the figure.
Resultant electric field at O is:
E  EB  E A
E  7200  3600
E  3600 NC 1
It acts along OA as shown in the figure.
The magnitude of resultant electric field at O becomes zero, if +4nC is replaced by another +8nC.
12
43. Find the currents I1 and I2 in the given electrical network.

Answer:
Kirchhoff’s loop rule to ABEFA:
6 I1  10 I 3  4 I1  2 I1  4
12 I1  10 I1  I 2   4.
12 I1  10 I1  10 I 2  4
22 I1  10 I 2  4........................................(1)
Multiplying both sides of this equation by 2.1:
2.1 22 I1  2.110 I 2  2.1 4
46.2 I1  21I 2  8.4.................................(2)
Kirchhoff’s loop rule to CBEDC:
6 I 2  10 I 3  4 I 2  1I 2  2
11I 2  10 I 3  2
11I 2  10 ( I1  I 2 )  2
11I 2  10I1  10I 2  2
10 I1  21I 2  2........................................(3)
Subtracting equation (3) from equation (2):
36.2 I1  6.4
6.4
I1 
36.2
I1  0.18 A
Substituting this value of I1 in equation (3):
10 0.18  21I 2  2
1.8  21I 2  2
21 I 2  2  1.8
21I 2  0.2
0.2
I2 
21
I 2  0.0095  0.01A .

44. A series LCR circuit contains a pure inductor of inductance 5 H, a capacitor of capacitance 20 µF
and resistor of resistance 40 Ω. If the AC source of 200 V, 50 Hz is present in the circuit, find the
impedance. Also find the resonant frequency of the circuit.

13
Answer:
Given: f  50 Hz ,Vrms  200V , L  5 H , C  20 F  20  10 6 F and R  40 .
To calculate: Z and f 0
Solution:
Inductive reactance is:
X L  2 f L
X L  2 3.14  50  5
X L  1570 
Capacitive reactance is:
1
XC 
2 f C
1
XC 
2  3.14  50  20 10 6
1
XC 
2  3.14  50  2 10 5
10 5
XC 
628
100000
XC 
628
X C  159 .2 
Impedance of the LCR circuit is:
Z  R 2  X C  X L 
2

Z  40 2  1570  159 .2 
2

Z  1600  1410 .8 2
Z  1600  1990356.64
Z  1991956.64
Z  1411.36 
Resonant frequency of the circuit is:
1
f0 
2 LC
1
f0 
2  3.14 5  20  10 6
1
f0 
6.28 100 10 6
1
f0 
6.28 10 4
1
f0 
6.28  10  2
10 2
f0 
6.28
100
f0 
6.28
f 0  15.9 Hz
14
45. .An object is placed at a distance 0.3m from a convex lens of focal length 0.2m. Find the position
and nature of the image formed. Also find the distance through which the object should be moved
to get an image of linear magnification -1.
Answer:
Given: u  0.3m , f  0.2m and m  1.
To find : v and u
Solution:
Lens equation is:
1 1 1
 
v u f
1 1 1
 
v u f
1 u f

v uf
uf
v
u f
 0.3  0.2
v
 0.3  0.2
 0.06
v
 0.1
v  0.6m
Image is formed at a distance of 0.6m from the lens. It is real, inverted and magnified.
v
m 
u
v
1 
u
v  u
Lens equation is :
1 1 1
 
 u u f
1 1 1
 
 u u  0.2
2 1
 
u   0.2
u  0.4 m
This is the new object distance.
The distance through which the object should be moved image produced to get a magnification of
-1 is:
u  0 . 4  u
u  0.4  0.3
u  0.1m

15
 PART – E
(For Visually Challenged Students only)
13. The standing wave pattern of matter waves associated with an electron revolving in a stable
orbit is containing 4 complete waves. The principal quantum number (n) and radius (rn) of the
orbit are respectively
4 4 2 2
( A) 8 and ( B ) 4 and (C ) 8 and ( D)4 and
   
2
Answer: ( D)4 and

43. Two positive terminals of two cells of emfs 4V and 2V with internal resistances 2 and 1 are
connected by a uniform wire of resistance 12 . Their negative terminals are connected by a second
uniform wire of resistance 8 . The midpoints of these wires are connected by a third uniform
wire of resistance 10 . Find the current through 4V cell.
Given: 1  4V ,  2  2V , r1  2  , r2  1 , R1  R2  6  , R .3  R4  4  and R  10 .
To find: I1
Solution:

Kirchhoff’s loop rule to ABEFA:

I1 R1  ( I1  I 2 ) R  I1 R3  I1r1   1
I1  6  ( I1  I 2 ) 10  I1  4  I1  2  4
6I1  10I1  10I 2  4I1  2I1  4
22I1  10I 2  4 ………………………………………..(1)
Multiplying both sides of this equation by 2.1 :
2.1 22I1  2.110I 2  2.1 4
46.2I1  21I 2  8.4 ……………………………………(2)
Kirchhoff’s loop rule to CBEDC:
I 2 R2  ( I1  I 2 ) R  I 2 R4  I 2 r2   2
I 2  6  ( I1  I 2 ) 10  I 2  4  I 2 1  2
10I1  21I 2  2 ………………………….………………(3)
subtracting equation (3) from equation (1):
46.2I1  10I1  8.4  2
36.2I1  6.4
6.4
I1 
36.2
I1  0.178 A
This is the current through 4V cell.
16