SOUND WAVES

SOUND WAVE
EXERCISE-1
Note :This Symbol denotes that Question is excluded from JEE MAIN Syllabus.

PART (1) : EQUATION OF SOUND WAVE, WAVELENGTH, FREQUENCY, PRESSURE

AND DISPLACEMENT AMPLITUDE

OBJECTIVE
1. A boat at anchor is rocked by waves whose crests are 100m apart and velocity is 25m/s. The
boat bounces up once in every :–

(A) 2500 s (B) 75 s (C) 4 s (D) 0·25 s

2. When sound wave is refracted from air to water, which of the following will remain unchanged?

(A) wave number (B) wavelength (C) wave velocity (D) frequency

3. A piece of cork is floating on water in a small tank. The cork oscillates up and down vertically
when small ripples pass over the surface of water. The velocity of the ripples being 0.21 ms–1,
22
wave length 15 mm and amplitude 5 mm, the maximum velocity of the piece of cork is ( = )
7

(A) 0.44 ms–1 (B) 0.24 ms–1 (C) 2.4 ms–1 (D) 4.4 ms–1

4. The frequency of a man’s voice is 300 Hz and its wavelength is 1 meter. If the wavelength of a
child’s voice is 1.5 m, then the frequency of the child’s voice is:

(A) 200 Hz (B) 150 Hz (C) 400 Hz (D) 350 Hz.

5. A wave of frequency 500 Hz travels between X and Y, a distance of 600 m in 2 sec. How many
wavelength are there in distance XY:–

(A) 1000 (B) 300 (C) 180 (D) 2000

SUBJECTIVE
6. The audible frequency for a normal human being is 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Find the corresponding
wavelengths if the speed of sound in air 320 m/s

7. A traveling sound wave is described by the equation y = 2 sin (4t – 5x) where y is measured in
centimeter, t in seconds and x in meters.

(a) Find the ratio of amplitude and wavelength of wave.

(b) Find the ratio of maximum velocity of particle to wave velocity.

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PART (2) : SPEED OF SOUND

OBJECTIVE
1. A machine gun is mounted on an armored car moving with a speed of 20 ms–1. The gun can
point against the direction of motion of car. The muzzle speed of bullet is equal to speed of
sound in air i.e., 340 ms–1. The time difference between bullet actually reaching and sound of
firing reaching at a target 544 m away from car at the instant of firing is

(A) 1.2 s (B) 0.1 s (C) 1 s (D) 10 s

2. A tuning fork is vibrating with constant frequency and amplitude. If the air is heated without
changing pressure the following quantities will increase.

(A) Wavelength (B) Frequency (C) Velocity (D) Time period

3. The ratio of speed of sound in a monoatomic gas to that in water vapours at any temperature is.

(when molecular weight of gas is 40 gm/mol and for water vapours is 18 gm/mol)

(A) 0.75 (B) 0.73 (C) 0.68 (D) None of these

4. Under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, In which of the following gases the
velocity of sound will be largest.

(A) H2 (B) N2 (C) He (D) CO2

5. If vrms = root mean square speed of molecules

vav = average speed of molecules

vmp = most probable speed of molecules

vs = speed of sound in a gas

Then, identify the correct relation between these speeds.

(A) vrms > vav > vmp > vs (B) vav > vmp > vrms > vs

(C) vmp > vav > vrms > vs (D) vrms > vav > vs > vmp

SUBJECTIVE
6. A man stands before a large wall at a distance of 100.0 m and claps his hands at regular intervals
In such way that echo of a clap merges with the next clap. If he claps 5 times during every
3 seconds, find the velocity of sound in air.

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PART (3) : INTENSITY OF SOUND, DECIBEL SCALE

OBJECTIVE
1. A sound absorber attenuates the sound level by 20 dB. The intensity decreases by a factor
of:–

(A) 1000 (B) 10000 (C) 10 (D) 100

2. A sound of intensity  is greater by 3.0103 dB from another sound of intensity 10 nW cm–2. The
absolute value of intensity of sound level  in Wm–2 is :

(A) 2.5 × 10–4 (B) 2 × 10–4 (C) 2.0 × 10–2 (D) 2.5 × 10–2

3. For a sound source of intensity W/m2, corresponding sound level is B0 decibel. If the intensity is
increased to 4, new sound level becomes approximately :

(A) 2B0 dB (B) (B0 + 3)dB (C) (B0 + 6)dB (D) 4B0 dB

4. The sound intensity is 0.008 W/m2 at a distance of 10 m from an isotropic point source of sound.
The power of the source is approximately :

(A) 2.5 watt (B) 0.8 watt (C) 8 watt (D) 10 watt

SUBJECTIVE
5. Two sound waves one in air and the other in fresh water are equal in intensity .

(a) Find the ratio of pressure amplitudes of the wave in water to that of the wave in air .

(b) If the pressure amplitudes of the waves are equal then what will be the ratio of the intensities
of the waves

[ Vsound = 340 m/s in air & density of air = 1.25kg/m3 , Vsound = 1530 m/s in water,density of
water = 1000 kg /m3 ]

PART (4) : INTERFERENCE

OBJECTIVE
1. Sound signal is sent through a composite tube as shown in the
figure. The radius of the semicircular portion of the tube is r. Speed
of sound in air is v. The source of sound is capable of giving varied
frequencies in the range of 1 and 2 (where 2 > 1). If n is an

integer then frequency for maximum intensity is given by :

nv nv nv nv
(A) (B) r (   2) (C)  r (D) (r  2) 
r

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2. An interference is observed due to two coherent sources ‘A’ & ‘B’ separated by a distance 4
along the yaxis where  is the wavelength of the source. A detector D is moved on the positive
xaxis. The number of points on the xaxis excluding the points, x = 0 & x =  at which maximum
will be observed is -

(A) three (B) four (C) two (D) infinite

SUBJECTIVE
3. Two point sound sources A and B each of power 25 W and frequency 850 Hz are 1 m apart. The
sources are in phase

(a) Determine the phase difference between the waves emitting from A and B received by detector
D as shown in figure.

(b) Also determine the intensity of the resultant sound wave as recorded by detector D . Velocity
of sound = 340 m/s.

4. A sound source, detector and a movable wall are arranged as

shown in figure. In this arrangement detector is detecting the
maximum intensity. If the speed of sound is 330 m /s in air and
frequency of source is 660 Hz, then find the minimum distance by
which the wall should be moved away from source, so that detector

detects minimum intensity.

PART (5) : REFLECTION OF SOUND EQUATION OF STATIONARY WAVES

OBJECTIVE
1. When a sound wave is reflected from a wall, the phase difference between the reflected and
incident pressure wave is:

(A) 0 (B)  (C) /2 (D) /4

SUBJECTIVE
2. A metallic rod of length 1 m is rigidly clamped at its end points. Longitudinal stationary waves are
setup in the rod in such a way that there are six antinodes of displacement wave observed along
the rod. The amplitude of the antinode is 2  106 m. Write the equations of the stationary wave
and the component waves at the point 0.1 m from the one end of the rod.

[Young's modulus = 7.5  1010 N/m2 , density = 2500 kg/m3 ]

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3. The equation of a longitudinal standing wave due to superposition of the progressive waves
produced by two sources of sound is s = 20 sin 10 x sin 100 t where s is the displacement
from mean position measured in mm, x is in meters and is in seconds . The specific gravity of
the medium is 103 . Density of water = 103 kg/m3 . Find :

(a) Wavelength, frequency and velocity of the progressive waves .

(b) Bulk modulus of the medium and the pressure amplitude .

(c) Minimum distance between pressure antinode and a displacement antinode .

(d) Intensity at the displacement nodes.

PART (6) : ORGAN PIPES AND RESONANCE

OB J ECTIVE

1. A cylindrical tube, open at both ends, has a fundamental frequency ƒ in air. The tube is dipped
vertically in water so that half of its in water. The fundamental frequency of the air column is now :–

(A) (B) (C) ƒ (D) 2ƒ

2. At the closed end of an organ pipe :

(A) the displacement is zero (B) the displacement amplitude is maximum

(C) the pressure amplitude is zero (D) the pressure amplitude is maximum

3. The fundamental frequency of a closed organ pipe is same as the first overtone frequency of an
open pipe. If the length of open pipe is 50 cm, the length of closed pipe is

(A) 25 cm (B) 12.5 cm (C) 100 cm (D) 200 cm

4. An organ pipe P1 closed at one end vibrating in its first harmonic and another pipe P2 open
at ends vibrating in its third harmonic are in resonance with a given tuning fork. The ratio of
the length of P1 and P2 is:–

(A) (B) (C) (D)

5. A tube of diameter d and of length  unit is open at both the ends. Its fundamental frequency of
resonance is found to be 1. The velocity of sound in air is 330 m/sec. One end of tube is now
closed. The lowest frequency of resonance of tube is now 2. Taking into consideration the end
2
correction,  is
1

(   0.6 d) 1 (  0.3 d) 1 (  0.6 d) 1 (d  0.3 )

(A) (   0.3 d) (B) 2 (  0.6 d) (C) 2 (  0.3 d) (D)
2 (d  0.6 )

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6. A resonance tube is resonated with tuning fork of frequency 256 Hz. If the length of first and
second resonating air columns are 32 cm and 100 cm, then end correction will be

(A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 4 cm (D) 6 cm

SUBJECTIVE
7. In an organ pipe the distance between the adjacent nodes is 4 cm. Find the frequency of source
if speed of sound in air is 336 m/s

8. Two adjacent resonance frequencies of an open organ pipe are 1800 and 2100 Hz. Find the
length of the tube. The speed of sound in air is 330 m/s.

9. Find the number of possible natural oscillations of air column in a pipe whose frequencies lie
below f0 = 1250 Hz. The length of the pipe is  = 85 cm. The velocity of sound is v = 340 m/s.

Consider the two cases :

(a) The pipe is closed from one end

(b) The pipe is opened from both ends.

The open ends of the pipe are assumed to be the antinodes of displacement.

PART (7) : BEATS

OBJECTIVE
1. Frequency of tuning fork A is 256 Hz. It produces 4 beats/second with tuning fork B. When wax
is applied at tuning fork B then 6 beats/second are heard. Frequency of B is:–

(A) 250 Hz (B) 260 Hz

(C) 252 Hz (D) (A) & (C) both may possible

2. A sound source of frequency 512 Hz is producing 6 beats with a guitar. If the string of guitar is
stretched slightly then beat frequency decreases. The original frequency of guitar is

(A) 506 Hz (B) 512 Hz (C) 518 Hz (D) 524 Hz

3. The number of beats heard per second if there are three sources of sound of frequencies
(n – 1), n and (n + 1) of equal intensities sounded together is :

(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 4 (D) 3

4. Two tuning forks having frequency 256 Hz (A) and 262 Hz (B) tuning fork. A produces some
beats per second with unknown tuning fork, same unknown tuning fork produce double beats
per second from B tuning fork then the frequency of unknown tuning fork is:–

(A) 262 (B) 260 (C) 250 (D) 300

SUBJECTIVE
5. A metal wire of diameter 1 mm, is held on two knife edges separated by a distance of 50 cm. The
tension in the wire is 100 N. The wire vibrating in its fundamental frequency and a vibrating tuning
fork together produces 5 beats per sec. The tension in the wire is then reduced to 81 N. When
the two are excited, beats are again at the same rate. Calculate

(a) The frequency of the fork (b) The density of the material of the wire .

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PART (8) : DOPPLER EFFECT (EXCLUDED IN JEE MAIN SYLLABUS)

OBJECTIVE
1. A source and an observer are at rest w.r.t ground. Which of the following quantities will remain
same, if wind blows from source to observer ?
(A) Frequency (B) speed of sound (C) wavelength (D) Time period
2. An engine driver moving towards a wall with velocity of 50 ms–1 emits a note of frequency
1.2 kHz. The frequency of note after reflection from the wall as heard by the engine driver when
speed of sound in air is 350 ms–1 is :

(A) 1 kHz (B) 1.8 kHz (C) 1.6 kHz (D) 1.2 kHz
3. Source and observer both start moving simultaneously from origin, one along X-axis and the
other along Y-axis with speed of source equal to twice the speed of observer. The graph between
the apparent frequency (n' ) observed by observer and time t would be : (n is the frequency of the
source)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

SUBJECTIVE
4. An observer rides with a sound source of frequency f and moving with velocity v towards a large
vertical wall. Considering the velocity of sound waves as c, find :
(i) The number of waves striking the surface of wall per second
(ii) The wavelength of the reflected wave
(iii) The frequency of reflected wave as observed by observer.
(iv) Beat frequency heard by the observer.
5. A source of sonic oscillations with frequency f0 = 1000 Hz moves at right angles to the wall with
a velocity u = 0.17 m/s. Two stationary receivers R1 and R2 are located on a straight line,
coinciding with the trajectory of the source , in the following succession : R1  source  R2  wall.
Which receiver registers the beatings and what is the beat frequency ? The velocity of sound is
equal to v = 340 m/s.
6. Two trains move towards each other with the same speed. Speed of sound is 340 ms–1. If the
pitch of the tone of the whistle of one when heard on the other changes to 9/8 times, then the
speed of each train is :

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EXERCISE-2

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

1. Tube A has both ends open while tube B has one end closed, otherwise they are identical. The
ratio of fundamental frequency of tubes A and B is :

(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1: 4 (C) 2 : I (D) 4 : I

2. A tuning fork arrangement (pair) produces 4 beats/sec with one fork of frequency 288 cps. A little
Wax is placed on the unknown fork and it then produces 2 beats/sec. The frequency of the
unknown fork is :

(A) 286 cps (B) 292 cps (C) 294 cps (D) 288 cps

3. When temperature increases, the frequency of a tuning fork :

(A) increases

(B) decreases

(C) remain same

(D) increases or decreases depending on the material

4. A tuning fork of known frequency 256 Hz. makes 5 betas per second with the vibrating string of
a piano. The beat frequency decreases to 2 beats per second when the tension in the piano
string is slightly increased. The frequency of the piano string before increasing the tension was:

(A) (256 + 2) Hz. (B) (256 – 2) Hz (C) (256 – 5) Hz (D) (256 + 5) Hz

5. When two tuning forks (fork 1 and fork 2) are sounded simultaneously, 4 beats per second are
heard. Now, some tape is attached on the prong of the fork 2. When the tuning forks are sounded
again, 6 beats per second are heard. If the frequency of fork 1 is 200 Hz, then what was the
original frequency of fork 2?

(A) 200 Hz (B) 202 Hz (C) 196 Hz (D) 204 Hz

6.  An observer moves towards a stationary source of sound, with a velocity one-fifth of the velocity
of sound. What is the percentage increase in the apparent frequency?

(A) Zero (B) 0.5% (C) 5% (D) 20%

7.  A whistle producing sound waves of frequencies 9500 Hz and above is approaching a stationary
person with speed v ms–1. The velocity of sound in air is 300 ms–1. If the person can hear
frequencies upto a maximum of 10,000 Hz, the maximum value of v upto which he can hear the
whistle is:

(A) 30 ms–1 (B) 15 2 ms–1 (C) 15 2 ms–1 (D) 15 ms–1

8. The speed of sound in oxygen (O2) at a certain temperature is 460 ms–1. The speed of sound in
helium (He) at the same temperature will be (assume both gases to be ideal) :

(A) 500 ms–1 (B) 650 ms–1 (C) 330 ms–1 (D) 460 ms–1

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9. While measuring the speed of sound by performing a resonance column experiment, a student
gets the first resonance condition at a column length of 18 cm during winter. Repeating the
same experiment during summer, she measures the column length to be x cm for the second
resonance. Then

(A) x > 54 (B) 54 > x > 36 (C) 36 > x > 18 (D) 18 > x

10.  A motor cycle starts from rest and accelerates along a straight path at 2 m/s2. At the starting
point of the motor cycle there is a stationary electric siren. How far has the motor cycle gone
when the driver hears the frequency of the siren at 94% of its value when the motor cycle was at
rest? (Speed of sound = 330 ms–1)

(A) 98 m (B) 147 m (C) 196 m (D) 49 m

11. When we clap our hands, the sound produced is best described by

(A) p = p0 sin (kx – t) (B) p = p0 sin kx cos t

(C) p = p0 cos kx sin t (D) p =  ponsin (knx – nt)

Here p denotes the change in pressure from the equilibrium value.

12. A closed pipe resonates at its fundamental frequency of 300 Hz. Which one of the following
statements is wrong ?

(A) If the temperature rises, the fundamental frequency increases.

(B) If the pressure rises, the fundamental frequency increases.

(C) The first overtone is of frequency 900 Hz.

(D) An open pipe with the same fundamental frequency has twice the length.

13. Two speakers A and B, placed 1 m apart, each produce

sound waves of frequency 1800 Hz in phase. A detector
moving parallel to line of speakers distant 2.4 m away
detects a maximum intensity at O and then at P. Speed of

sound wave is :

(A) 330 ms–1 (B) 360 ms–1

(C) 350 ms–1 (D) 340 ms–1

14. Two sound sources produce progressive waves given by y1 =12 cos 100t and y2 = 4 cos 102t
near the ear of an observer. When sounded together, the observer will hear

(A) 2 beats per two sound source with an intensity ratio of maximum to minimum nearly 4 : 1

(B) 1 beat per second with an intensity ratio of maximum to minimum nearly 2:1

(C) 2 beats per second with an intensity ratio of maximum to minimum nearly 9 : 1

(D) 1 beat per second with an intensity ratio of maximum to minimum nearly 4 : 1

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15.  Two identical sources moving parallel to each other at separation ' d ' are producing sounds of
frequency ' f ' and are moving with constant velocity v0. A stationary observer ' O ' is on the line of
motion of one of the sources. Then the variation of beat frequency heard by O with time is best
represented by: (as they come from large distance and go to a large distance)

(A) (B) (C) (D)

16.  A train blowing its whistle moves with a constant velocity v away from an observer on the ground.
The ratio of the natural frequency of the whistle to that measured by the observer is found to be
1.2. If the train is at rest and the observer moves away from it at the same velocity, this ratio
would be given by:

(A) 0.51 (B) 1.25 (C) 1.52 (D) 2.05

17.  A source which is emitting sound of frequency f is initially at (– r, 0) and an observer is situated

initially at (2r, 0). If observer and source both are moving with velocities v observer   2 V î  2 V ĵ

 V V
and v source  î  ĵ , then which of the following is correct option ?
2 2

(A) Apparent frequency first increases, then decreases and observer observes the original
frequency once during the motion.

(B) Apparent frequency first increases, then decreases and observer observes the original
frequency twice during the motion.

(C) Apparent frequency first increases, then decreases during the motion and observer never
observes the initial frequency.

(D) Apparent frequency continuously decreases and once during the motion, observer hears the
original frequency.

18.  In the case of sound waves, wind is blowing from source to receiver with speed UW . Both source
and receiver are stationary. If 0 is the original wavelength with no wind and V is speed of sound
in air then wavelength as received by the receiver is given by :

 V  Uw   V  Uw   V 
(A) 0 (B)   0 (C)   0 (D)  V  V   0
 V   V   w 

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19.  A source on a swing which is covering an angle  from the vertical is producing a frequency .
The source is distant d from the place of support of swing. If velocity of sound is c, acceleration
due to gravity is g, then the maximum and minimum frequency heard by a listener in front of
swing is


d

c c c c
(A) , (B) ,
2 gd  c 2gd  c 2gd (1  cos )  c 2gd (1  cos )  c

c c c c
(C) c  2gd (1  cos ) , c  2gd (1  cos ) (D) c  2gd (1  sin ) , c  2gd (1  sin )

20. The two pipes are submerged in sea water, arranged as shown in figure. Pipe A with length
LA = 1.5 m and one open end, contains a small sound source that sets up the standing wave with
the second lowest resonant frequency of that pipe. Sound from pipe A sets up resonance in pipe
B, which has both ends open. The resonance is at the second lowest resonant frequency of pipe
B. The length of the pipe B is :

(A) 1 m (B) 1.5 m (C) 2 m (D) 3 m

21.  Two sound sources each emitting sound of wavelength  are fixed some distance apart. A listener
moves with a velocity u along the line joining the two sources. The number of beats heard by him
per second is

2u u u 2
(A) (B) (C) 3  (D)
  u

PART - II : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

1. A wave disturbance in a medium is described by y(x, t) = 0.02 cos cos(10x), where

x and y are in metre and t is in second:–

(A) A node occurs at x = 0.15 m (B) An antinode occurs at x=0.3 m

(C) The speed of wave is 5 ms–1 (D) The wavelength is 0.2 m

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2. Which one of the following statements is incorrect for stable interference to occur between two
waves?

(A) The waves must have the same wave length

(B) The waves must have a constant phase difference

(C) The waves must be transverse only

(D) The waves must have equal amplitudes.

3. Two monochromatic sources of electromagnetic wave, P and Q emit waves of wavelength

 = 20 m and separated by 5m as shown. A,B and C are three points where interference of these
waves is observed. If phase of a wave generated by P is ahead of wave generated by Q by /2
then (given intensity of both waves is ) :

(A) phase difference of these waves at B is 1800

(B) intensities at A,B and C are in the ratio 2 : 0 : 1 respectively.

(C) intensities at A,B and C are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 0 respectively.

(D) phase difference at A is 00.

4. The energy per unit area associated with a progressive sound wave will be doubled if :

(A) the amplitude of the wave is doubled

(B) the amplitude of the wave is increased by 50%

(C) the amplitude of the wave is increased by 41%

(D) the frequency of the wave is increased by 41%

5. The effect of making a hole exactly at (1/3rd) of the length of the pipe from its closed end is such
that :

(A) its fundamental frequency is an octave higher than the open pipe of same length

(B) its fundamental frequency is thrice of that before making a hole

(C) the fundamental frequency is 3/2 time of that before making a hole

(D) the fundamental alone is changed while the harmonics expressed as ratio of fundamentals
remain the same

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6. A girl stops singing a pure note. She is surprised to hear an echo of higher frequency, i.e., a
higher musical pitch. Then :

(A) there could be some warm air between the girl and the reflecting surface

(B) there could be two identical fixed reflecting surfaces, one half a wavelength of the
sound wave away from the other

(C) the girl could be moving towards a fixed reflector

(D) the reflector could be moving towards the girl

7. Two identical straight wires are stretched so as to produce 6 beats/sec. when vibrating
simultaneously. n changing the tension slightly in one of them, the beat frequency remains
unchanged. Denoting by T1, T2, the higher & the lower initial tensions in the strings, then it could
be said that while making the above changes in tension:

(A) T2 was decreased (B) T2 was increased (C) T1 was increased (D) T1 was decreased

PART - III : COMPREHENSION & MATCH THE COLUMN

Comprehension - 1  (EXCLUDED IN JEE MAIN SYLLABUS)

An Indian submarine is moving in “Arab Sagar” with a constant velocity. To detect enemy it sends
out sonar waves which travel with velocity 1050 m/s in water. Initially the waves are getting
reflected from a fixed island and the reflected waves are coming back to submarine. The frequency
of reflected waves are detected by the submarine and found to be 10% greater than the sent
waves.
Sonar waves
Indian
submarine

Fixed
Island

Now an enemy ship comes in front, due to which the frequency of reflected waves detected by
submarine becomes 21% greater than the sent waves.

1. The speed of Indian submarine is

(A) 10 m/sec (B) 50 m/sec (C) 100 m/sec (D) 20 m/sec.

2. The velocity of enemy ship should be :

(A) 50 m/sec. toward Indian submarine. (B) 50 m/sec. away from Indian submarine.

(C) 100 m/sec. toward Indian submarine. (D) 100 m/sec. away from Indian submarine.

3. If the wavelength received by enemy ship is ´ and wavelength of reflected waves received by
 ´ 
submarine is ´´ then  ´´  equals
 

(A) 1 (B) 1.1 (C) 1.2 (D) 2

4. Bulk modulus of sea water should be approximately (water = 1000 kg/m3)

(A) 108 N/m2 (B) 109 N/m2 (C) 1010 N/m2 (D) 1011 N/m2

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Comprehension -2

In an organ pipe (may be closed or open) of 99 cm length standing

wave is setup, whose equation is given by longitudinal
displacement

2
 = (0.1 mm) cos (y + 1 cm) cos 2(400) t
80 y
where y is measured from the top of the tube in centimeters and t

in second. Here 1 cm is the end correction.

5. The upper end and the lower end of the tube are respectively:

(A) open – closed (B) closed – open (C) open – open (D) closed – closed

6. The air column is vibrating in

(A) First overtone (B) Second overtone (C) Third harmonic (D) Fundamental mode

7. Equation of the standing wave in terms of excess pressure is –

(Bulk modulus of air B = 5 × 105 N/m2)

2
(A) Pex = (125 N/m2) sin (y + 1 cm) cos 2(400t)
80

2
(B) Pex = (125 N/m2) cos (y + 1 cm) sin 2(400t)
80

2
(C) Pex = (225 N/m2) sin (y + 1 cm) cos 2(200t)
80

2
(D) Pex = (225 N/m2) cos (y + 1 cm) sin 2(200t)
80

8. Assume end correction approximately equals to (0.3) × (diameter of tube), estimate the
approximate number of moles of air present inside the tube (Assume tube is at NTP, and at NTP,
22.4 litre contains 1 mole)

10  10  10  10 
(A) (B) (C) (D)
36  22.4 18  22 .4 72  22.4 60  22 .4

9. Match the Column:

(A) y = 4 sin (5x – 4 t) + 3 cos (4t – 5x + /6) (p) Particles at every position are
performing SHM

 x   x 
(B) y = 10 cos  t  330  sin (100)  t  330  (q) Equation of travelling wave
   

(C) y = 10 sin (2x – 120t) + 10 cos (120t + 2x) (r) Equation of standing wave

(D) y = 10 sin (2x – 120 t) + 8 cos (118t – 59/30x) (s) Equation of Beats

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ANSWERS
EXERCISE - 1
PART (1)
1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (A)

kA 1 1
6. 16 mm, 16 m 7. (a) = (b) kA =
2 20  10

PART (2)
1. (B) 2. (AC) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (A)

1000
6. m/s
3

PART (3)
1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (D)

P0 w P 1
w
5. (a) P 60 (b) P  3600
0a a

PART (4)
1. (B) 2. (A)

2
3. (a)  (b) I = A B (25/312) 2 4. 12.5 cm

PART (5)
1. (A)

2. y (x, t) = 2 × 10–6 sin 6x cos (6 30  103 t +  at x = 0.1

6
y (0.1, t) = 2×10–6sin 10 cos (6 30  103 t + 

y1 (x, t)= 1×10–6 sin (6x + 6 30  103 t + 

y2 (x, t) =1× 10–6 sin (6x – 6 30  103 t + at x = 0.1

6
y1 (0.1, t) =1×10–6 sin ( 10 + 6 30  103 t + 

6
y2 (0.1, t) =1×10–6 sin ( 10 – 6 30  103 t + 

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 SOUND WAVES
3. (a) f = 50 Hz ,  = 0.2 m , v = 10 ms–1 (b) Pm= 62.8 Nm–2 = 20 Nm–2, B =100Nm2

(c) /4 = 0.05 m (d) I = 20 2  200 wm–2

PART (6)
1. (C) 2. (AD) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (C)

6. (B) 7. 4.2 kHz 8. 55 cm

v v
9. (a) vn = (2n + 1); six oscillations; (b) vn = (n + 1), also six oscillations
4 2

Here n = 0, 1, 2, ...

PART (7)
1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (C)

5. (a) 95 Hz (b) 40  10 3 kg/m3



PART (8)
1. (AD) 2. (C) 3. (B)

fc v c v c v c v 2v
4. (i) f = (ii)  =  f = f  f = f
(iii) f = f (iv) fbeat = f
cv c–v c–v

2 f0 u
5. R1, fbeat = 2 f0 vu / (v2  u2)  = 1.0 Hz 6. 20 m/s
v

EXERCISE - 2
PART - I
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (C)

6. (D) 7. (D) 8. (BONUS) 9. (A)

10. (A) 11. (D) 12. (B) 13. (B) 14. (D)

15. (C) 16. (B) 17. (D) 18. (B) 19. (C)
20. (C) 21. (A)
PART - II
1. (ABCD) 2. (CD) 3. (ABD) 4. (CD) 5. (BD)

6. (CD) 7. (BD)
PART - III

1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (B) 5. (A)

6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (A)

9. (A) p, q (B) q, s (C) r (D) s,q

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