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    Prof-Ed-Af 20241014 140718 0000

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    Prof-Ed-Af 20241014 140718 0000

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    bauyonanchie
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    PROF-ED-AF_20241014_140718_0000

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    3 views32 pages

    Prof-Ed-Af 20241014 140718 0000

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    of 32

    Historico-Legal

    Foundation of
    Education
    ANGELA FOLLOSO
    Foundation of Education:
    B. Local
    Education During the
    Pre-Colonial Period

    Education was informal and unstructured, decentralized.


    Fathers taught their son how to look for food and other means of
    livelihood.
    Mother taught their daughter to do the household chores.
    This education basically prepared their children to be good
    husband and wives.
    Teacher were tribal tutor babaylan or katalonan
    Children were provided more vocational training but lesser
    academics.
    Education During the Spanish Colonial
    Period

    Education was formal and organized.


    It was authoritarian in nature.
    Tribal tutor of the Pre-Spanish period were replaced by
    Spanish Missionaries.
    Education was religion oriented
    It was for elite, especially in the early years of Spanish
    Colonization
    Educational Decree of 1863

    This law give Filipinos a complete system of


    education from elementary to collegiate level.
    the law provided for the establishment of the
    elementary in all municipalities in the country
    Provide school institutions for boys and girls in
    every town
    Spanish School started accepting Filipino
    Students
    Education During the
    Spanish Colonial Period

    There was a separate school for boys and girls


    The wealthy Filipinos or the Ilustrados were
    accommodated in the schools.
    Colonial education brought more non-beneficial effects
    to the Filipinos
    The school before were exclusive for the Spaniards.
    Were only able to enter the school 1 in the late 19th
    Century
    School for Boys:
    The first stablished school were exclusive for the boys.
    The Augustinians built the first School in the Philippines
    Situated in Cebu.
    College were equivalent to a university during the Spanish
    Regime
    The first college school for the boys was the Colegio De San
    Ignacio
    The school before were exclusive for the
    Spaniards. Were only able to enter the school in
    the late 19th Century

    School for Boys:


    They also established the Colegio De San Ildefonso
    in Cebu
    The University of Santo Tomas open in 1611 by the
    Dominicans
    The San Juan de Letran for the orphaned boys, in
    1620
    The school before were exclusive for the
    Spaniards. Were only able to enter the school
    in the late 19th Century

    School for Girls:


    Colegio de Santa Potenciana was the first school
    and college for girls
    Colegio de Santa Isabel opened in 1632
    The religious congregations also established
    schools for the girls called "beaterio"
    Education During the
    American Period

    1898 - The Americans took over Manila.


    Reopened educational institutions where in the
    The earliest educators were American soldiers.
    English - medium of instruction
    Education - Should be universal and free for all
    Education - was the means of giving people an orientation
    towards a democratic way of life .
    Education During the
    American Period
    Act no. 74 - established the public primary school in 1901 and
    intermediate school
    Thomasite - group of American teachers, called Thomasites,
    were sent to the Philippines to teach English and modern
    subjects, further spreading the American system of education.
    Act No. 372 - required all the provinces to maintain a provincial
    high school.
    1901 - Philippine Normal School was founded to train teachers.
    1908 - University of the Philippines was established.
    Education During the
    American Period
    The American train the filipinos in the democratic way of life,
    citizenship, moral character and fundamental of vocational
    education.
    Use of English Language as medium of instruction.
    Providing formal education
    Primary Education
    Intermediate Education
    Secondary Education
    Vocational Educational
    Education During the
    Japanese Period

    1941 -The Philippines came under Japanese occupation when


    the Pacific War broke out.
    Department of Education, Health and Public and Welfare - its
    function is to reopen schools and to make report to the
    Japanese Administration.
    Military Order no. 2 in 1942 - Spelled out the basic principle
    and guidelines of education in reopening and operating
    schools.
    Education During the
    Japanese Period

    Use Niponggo and to stop using the English


    Language
    Spread Elementary and Vocational education
    Develop love for Work
    Education During the
    Japanese Period

    Make people understand the position of the


    Philippines as the member of the Great East Asia
    Co-Prosperity Sphere and inspire the people with
    the spirit of labor
    Post Colonial Period

    The education system in the Philippines during the post-colonial


    period was shaped by efforts to redefine national identity,
    address the legacies of colonialism, and improve access to
    education. After gaining independence in 1946, the country sought
    to reform its education system, but colonial influences, especially
    from the Spanish and American periods, persisted.
    Post Colonial Period

    National Identity and Bilingual Education - After independence


    in 1946, the Philippines worked to decolonize its education
    system by emphasizing Filipino language, history, and culture.
    The Bilingual Education - Policy of 1974 mandated the use of
    both English and Filipino as mediums of instruction . Expansion
    of Access: Efforts were made to expand access to education,
    particularly in rural areas, though challenges in infrastructure
    and quality remained.
    Post Colonial Period
    Centralization - Education became more centralized under
    government control.
    Department of Education, Culture, and Sports (DECS) - was
    created in 1978 to oversee education, culture, and sports
    development.
    New Curriculum - The government introduced a new
    curriculum that emphasized vocational and technical
    education to prepare students for workforce.
    Promotion of Nationalism - Marcos implemented changes to
    encourage a sense of nationalism, such as promoting Filipino
    as the national language
    Post Colonial Period

    K-12 Program (2012) - The Philippines introduced the K-12


    Basic Education Program, adding two years of senior high
    school to align with global education standards .
    Recent Developments Inclusive and Digital Education - In
    recent years, there has been a push for inclusive education,
    with initiatives like the Alternative Learning System (ALS) for
    out-of-school youth. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated
    the shift toward digital education.
    Legal Foundation
    of Education
    What Is Educational Law?

    Definition and Nature


    Educational law refers to intricate legal framework that
    governs the entire education ecosystem, encompassing the
    complex relationships between students, educators, and
    institutions, as well as the policies that shape and guide the
    educational system as a whole.
    Key aspects of Educational Law
    in the Philippines
    Right to Education: The 1987 Philippine Constitution guarantees the
    right of all citizens to quality education at all levels.

    Free Public Education: The Constitution also mandates that the


    state shall provide free public education in the elementary and high
    school levels.

    Department of Education: The Education Act of 1982 established


    the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports (DECS) and
    defined its powers and functions.
    Key Aspects of Educational Law in
    the Philippines
    Teacher Education and Training: The Magna Carta for Teachers
    (Republic Act No. 4670) provides for the education and training of
    teachers, including their rights and responsibilities.

    Student Rights and Responsibilities: The Magna Carta for Students


    (Features of rights of Students and Welfare Bill) outlines the rights
    and responsibilities of students, including their entitlement to a safe
    and inclusive learning environment.
    Typologies

    1. Constitutional Law:

    The 1987 Philippine Constitution is the supreme law of the land and
    provides the framework for the country's education system. It
    guarantees the right to education, free public education, and the
    promotion of education as a vital component of national
    development.
    Typologies
    2. Statutory Law: Statutes are laws passed by Congress that govern
    specific aspects of education, such as:
    The Education Act of 1982 (Batas Pambansa Blg. 232):
    Established the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports
    (DECS) and defined its powers and functions.
    The Magna Carta for Teachers (Republic Act No. 4670): Provides
    for the education and training of teachers, including their rights
    and responsibilities.
    The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 (Republic Act No.
    10533): Strengthened the basic education system in the
    Philippines and introduced the K-12 program.
    Typologies

    3. Common Law:

    Common law refers to the body of law developed through court


    decisions and judicial precedents. In the Philippines, common law is
    applied in cases where there is no specific statute or constitutional
    provision.
    Typologies

    4. Policies and Regulations:


    Policies and regulations are issued by the Department of Education
    and other government agencies to implement and enforce educational
    laws. These include:
    DepEd Orders: Issued by the Department of Education to
    implement policies and programs.
    CHED Memoranda: Issued by the Commission on Higher Education
    to regulate higher education institutions.
    TESDA Regulations: Issued by the Technical Education and Skills
    Development Authority to regulate technical-vocational education
    and training.
    Sources of Philippines
    Educational Jurisprudence

    Constitutional Provisions: The 1987 Philippine Constitution, particularly


    Article XIV, Section 1, which states that "the State shall protect and
    promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels." and
    secondary levels, and academic freedom for higher institutions.

    Statutes and Laws: Republic Acts, such as the Education Act of 1982, the
    Higher Education Modernization Act of 1997, and the Kindergarten
    Education Act of 2012, which provide the legal basis for educational
    policies and programs.
    .
    Sources of Philippines
    Educational Jurisprudence

    Administrative Regulations: Rules and regulations issued by the


    Department of Education (DepEd) and the Commission on Higher
    Education (CHED), which implement and enforce educational laws and
    policies.

    Judicial Decisions: Court decisions and rulings on educational cases, which


    provide interpretations and applications of educational laws and policies.

    .
    Sources of Philippines
    Educational Jurisprudence

    Executive Orders and Issuances: Orders and issuances by the President


    and other executive officials, which provide guidance and direction on
    educational policies and programs.

    International Treaties and Agreements: International agreements and


    treaties ratified by the Philippines, such as the Convention on the Rights of
    the Child, which have implications for educational policies and programs.

    .
    References:
    https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/education-in-spanish-
    era/8790890
    The 1987 Philippine Constitution
    (https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-
    constitution/)
    Republic Acts of the Philippines
    (https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/republic-acts/)
    Supreme Court Cases, Lawphil Project (https://lawphil.net/)
    https://www.scribd.com/document/500856805/Module-2
    https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/legal-aspects-of-
    education-in-the-philippines/233502396

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