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    6-Work, Power & Energy

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    6-Work, Power & Energy

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    6-Work, Power & Energy

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    of 5

    Work, Power Chapter–6

    & Energy
    Syllabus: Work done by a constant force and a variable force;
    kinetic energy, work- energy theorem, power. Notion of potential energy,
    potential energy of a spring, conservative forces: non- conservative forces,
    motion in a vertical circle; elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two
    dimensions.

    DPP Section - A - Topicwise

    5PQJD Work Done by Constant Force

    1. A gardener pushes a lawn roller through a distance of 20m If he applies a force of 20 kg wt in a


    direction inclined at 60° to the ground, find the work done by him. Take g = 9.8 ms-2.

    2. A person is holding a bucket by applying a force of 10. N. He moves a horizontal distance of 5 m


    and then climbs up a vertical distance of 10 m. Find the total work done by him.

    3. A cyclist comes to a skidding stop in 10 m during this process, the force on the cycle due to the
    road is 200 N and is directly opposed to the motion, (a) How much work does the road do on the
    cycle? (b)
    b) Hoow much work does the cycle do on the road?

    4. A force F i  5 j  7k acts on a particle and displaces it through s 6i  99kk , Calculate the work
    done if the force is in newton and displacement in metre.

    5. A force F - K yi  x j , there K is a positive constant, acts on a particle moving in the XY-plane,

    Starting from the origin, the particle is taken along the positive X-axis to a point (a, 0) and then
    parallel to the y-axis to the point (a, a), Calculate the total work done by the force on the particle

    5PQJD Work done by a Variable Force

    6. A body moves from point A to B under the action of a force,


    varying in magnitude as shown in Fig. Obtain the work done.
    Force is expressed in newton and displacement in metre.
    7. A woman pushes a trunk on railway platform which has a rough surface. She supplies a force of
    100N over a distance of 10 m. Thereafter she gets progressively tired and her applied force
    reduces linearly with distance to 50 N. The total distance by which the trunk has been moved is 20
    m. Plot the force applied by the woman and the frictional force, which is 50 N. Calculate the work
    done by the two forces over 20 m.
    8. A particle moves along the X-axis from x = 0 to x = 5 m under the influence of a force given by
    F =7 - 2x + 3x2. Find the work done in the process.

    5PQJD Problems for Practice

    9. Shows the F-x graph. Here the force F is in newton and distance x in metre.
    What is the work done?

    10. Calculate work done in moving the object from x = 2 m to x = 3m from the following graph
    5PQJD K.E. and W-E Theorem

    11. A body of mass 4 kg initially at rest is subject to a force 16 N. What is the kinetic energy acquired
    by the body at the end of 10 s?
    12. A toy rocket of mass 0.1 kg has a small fuel of mass 0.02 kg which it burns out in 3s. Starting
    from rest on a horizontal smooth track it gets a speed of 20 ms -1 after the fuel is burnt out. What is
    the approximate thrust of the rocket? What is the energy content per unit mass of the fuel? (Ignore
    the small mass variation of the rocket during fuel burning).
    13. A bullet weighing 10 g is fired with a velocity of 800 ms -1. After passing through a mud wall
    1 m thick, its velocity decreases to 100 ms-1. Find the average resistance offered by the mud wall.
    14. In a ballistics demonstration, a police officer fires a bullet of mass 50.0 g with speed 200 ms-1 on
    soft plywood of thickness 2.00 cm the bullet emerges with only 10% of its initial kinetic energy.
    What is the emergent speed of the bullet?
    15. It is well known that a raindrop or a small pebble falls under the influence of the downward
    gravitational force and the opposing resistive force. The latter is known to be proportional to the
    speed of the drop but is otherwise under determined. Consider a drop of small pebble of mass 1.00
    g falling from a cliff of height 1.00 km. It hits the ground with a speed of 50.0 ms-1. What is the
    word done by the unknown resistive force?
    16. If the linear momentum of a body increases by 20%, what will be the % increase in the kinetic
    energy of the body?

    17. If the kinetic energy of a body increases by 300%, by what % will the linear momentum of the
    body increase?
    18. A vehicle of mass 15 quintal climbs up a hill 200 in high. It then moves on a level road with
    speed of 30 ms-1. Calculate the potential energy gained by it and its total mechanical energy while
    running on the top of the hill.

    19. Calculate the velocity of the bob of a simple pendulum at its mean position if it is able to rise to a
    vertical height of 10 cm. Take g = 9.8 ms -2.

    20. A girl of mass 40 kg sits in a swing formed by a rope of 6 m length. A person pulls the swing to a
    side so that the rope makes an angle of 60° with the vertical. What is the gain in potential energy
    of the girl?

    21. A ball at rest is dropped from a height of 12 m It loses 25% of its kinetic energy in striking the
    ground, find the height to which it bounces. How do you account for the loss in kinetic energy?
    5PQJD Potential Energy of a spring

    22. Two springs have force constants k1, and k2 (k1 > k2). On which spring is more work done,
    if (i) they are stretched by the same force and (ii) they are stretched by the same amount?
    23. A ball of mass m is dropped from a height h own platform fixed at the top of a vertical spring,
    as shown in Fig. The platform is depressed by a distance x. What is the spring constant k?

    5PQJD Collisions

    24. A 10 kg ball and 20 kg ball approach each other with velocities 20 ms-1 and 10 ms-1 respectively.
    What are their velocities after collision if the collision is perfectly elastic?
    25. Two ball bearings of mass m each moving opposite directions with equal speeds v collide head on
    with each other. Predict the outcome of the collision, assuming to be perfectly elastic.
    26. A railway carriage of mass 9000 kg moving with a speed of 36 km h-1 collides with a stationary
    carriage of the same mass. After the collision, the carriages get coupled and move together.
    What is their common speed after collision? What type of collision is this?
    Work, Power & Energy
    Answer Key

    1. 1960 J. 2. 100 J. 3. (a) - 2000 J. (b) 0.

    4. 69 J. 5. W = - Ka2. 6. 22.5 J.

    7. 1750 J, 1000J . 8. 135 J. 9. 10 J

    10. 50 J 11. 3200 J. 12. 1000 J kg-1.

    13. 3150 N. 14. 63.2 ms-1. 15. - 8.75J.

    16. 44%. 18. 2.94 u 106 J, 3.615 u 106 J.

    19. 1.4 ms-1. 20. 1176 J. 21. 9m

    22. (i) W1 < W2 or W2 > W1. (ii) W1 > W2. 24. 20 ms-1, 10 ms-1.

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