CA Piaget Jean

JESUS REIGNS CHRISTIAN COLLEGE AMADEO FOUNDATION INC.
CRISANTO DE LOS REYES RD., BRGY. DAGATAN, AMADEO, CAVITE

Child and Adolescent Development
Name _______________________________________________________________________________
Jean Piaget
He is a Swiss developmental psychologist (1896–1980). His theory of Cognitive Development
is also called, “ genetic epistemology.” He was a precocious student, publishing his first scientific
paper when he was just 11 years old. Jean Piaget became an expert on the study of mollusks. By
the time he was a teen, his papers on mollusks were being widely published. Piaget’s readers were
unaware of his age and considered him an expert on the topic.
Over the course of his later career in child psychology, he identified four stages of mental development that
chronicled young people's journeys from basic object identification to highly abstract thought. Within those four
stages he managed to group them with different ages. Each stage he realized how children managed to develop
their cognitive skills. For example, he believed that children experience the world through actions, representing
things with words, thinking logically, and using reasoning. Child-centered classrooms and "open education" are
direct applications of Piaget's views. The recipient of an array of honors, Piaget died on September 16, 1980, in
Geneva, Switzerland.
Schema
 Basic unit of knowledge
 Building block of intellectual development.
 It organizes past experiences and provide a framework for understanding future experiences.
 Generalization that forms when people experience the world.
It is described as a mental structure of preconceived ideas, a framework representing some aspect of the world, or a
system of organizing and perceiving new information. Schemata influence attention and the absorption of new knowledge.
People are more likely to notice things that fit into their schema, while re-interpreting contradictions to the schema as
exceptions or distorting them to fit.
Assimilation
Piaget defined assimilation as a cognitive process in which we take new information and experiences and incorporate
them into our pre-existing ideas or worldview.
Accomodation
Another way by which we absorb new information. It is a cognitive process in which new information replaces old
beliefs.
1. SENSORIMOTOR Stage ( 0-2 yrs old )
Knowledge is gained through senses and motor movements.
Object Permanence – refers to the realization by the child that a object/person continues to exists even if they are
not around.
2. PREOPERATIONAL Stage – ( 2-7 yrs old)
 Intelligence is demonstrated through the use of symbols.
 Language use matures.
 Thinking is done in a non-logically, nonreversible manner.
 Egocentric thinking predominates.
Egocentrism- is the inability to differentiate between self and other. More specifically, it is the inability to
accurately assume or understand any perspective other than one's own. Toddlers have a different perception of
the world around them. They believe that things should go according to what they feel is right.
Animism - crediting inanimate objects with life and lifelike properties.
Centration - concentrating on only one facet of a problem, to the neglect of other facets.
Conservation - child should understand that changing the form of a substance or object does not change its
amount, overall volume, or mass. Ex. Conservation of liquid, mass, number, area, etc.
3. CONCRETE OPERATIONAL Stage – ( 7- 11 yrs old)
 Children begin to reason logically about the world.
 They can now solve conservation problem, but their reasoning is largely limited by concrete situations.
 Thinking systematically remains difficult.
4. FORMAL OPERATIONAL Stage – ( 11 years old - adulthood )
 This stage brings cognition to its final form. A child uses, sophisticated, logical thought in hypothetical
scenarios.
 Children are able to think abstractly, logistically and idealistically.
 Children are able to incorporate inductive and deductive reasoning.
Inductive Reasoning - using specific situations, experiences, to draw a general conclusion.
Deductive Reasoning - requires the ability to use a general principle to determine a particular outcome.
Identify the following situations according to the different characteristics of the Four Cognitive Stages of Piaget.
______________________1. A little boy drew a picture of a house with a tree and a smiling sun.
______________________2. Mother gave John, one piece of chocolate from inside a bag. Then, John asked
another chocolate, and mother got one from the same bag. John assumed that the whole bag
contains chocolates.
______________________3. The son was excited to see his grandfather, whom he calls “lolo,” who just visited them from
the province. Then, his dad came home and smiled, saying, “Oh dad, good you visited us.”
______________________4. A child who knew that all four-legged animal with a tail is a dog. Then, he saw a goat and calls
it “doggie.”
______________________5. A five-year old kid gave her crying mother a lollipop, thinking that she would be pacified.
______________________6. A baby cries and thinks that his mother is just around.
______________________7. A teacher divided a bar of clay exactly in half. She rolled the first half and pressed the other
half. The pupil chose the second half which was pressed.
______________________8. All men are sinners. Pope is a man. Therefore Pope is a sinner.
______________________9. A young boy loves to watch the movie “Cars,” over and over again.
_____________________10. Mother poured the same amount of juice into two glasses. One is taller than the other.
Daisy chose the taller glass.

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JESUS REIGNS CHRISTIAN COLLEGE AMADEO FOUNDATION INC.

CRISANTO DE LOS REYES RD., BRGY. DAGATAN, AMADEO, CAVITE

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