Sociology Outline

Anne Clarise Famadico
Sociology
- is a social science involving the study of social behavior and lives of people, groups, and societies.
- it focuses on Social Relationships
What is Sociologist?
- Sociologists study society and social behavior by examining the groups, cultures, organizations, social
institutions and processes that people develop.
• Why Sociology is necessary in understanding the self?
- in Sociology, we will learn how the SELF the defined by the Social Constructivist.
Lev Vygotsky (1856-1999)
" Learning is more than the acquisition of the ability to think; but of many specialized abilities for thinking
about a variety of things."
- is best known for his socio cultural theory.
- he believes that social interaction plays a critical role in children's continous process of learning
- he also believes a child internalizes real-life dialogues he has with family, nanny, friends and others.
They apply these to their mental and practical problems along with social and cultural infusions brought
about by the said dialogues.
Fernando, Junalyn B.
The Self in Sociology: A Social Constructionist Perspective
I. Introduction
• Why Sociology is Necessary for Understanding the Self: Sociology provides a framework for
understanding the "Self" through the lens of social interactions and influences.
• The Social Constructivist Approach: This perspective emphasizes the role of social factors in shaping
individual identity.
II. Defining the Self
• Characteristics of the Self:
• Separate: Distinct from other selves, possessing a unique identity.
• Self-Contained and Independent: Capable of existing independently.
• Consistent: Maintaining a stable personality over time.
• Unitary: The center of all experiences and thoughts.
• Private: Individuals process information, feelings, and emotions internally.
III. The Self as a Social Construct
• The Self as Private: The self is vulnerable to external influences and circumstances.
• The Self as Dynamic and Ever-Changing: The self is constantly evolving and adapting to social
interactions.
• Social Constructionist Perspective: The self is shaped by social interactions, experiences, and
societal influences.
• The Malleable Self: The self is capable of adjusting and adapting to different situations.
IV. Conclusion
• The Importance of Social Influences: Social interactions and societal norms play a crucial role in
shaping individual identity.
• The Dynamic Nature of the Self: The self is not a fixed entity but rather a constantly evolving
construct.
George H. Mead and the Development of the Self
I. Introduction
• George H. Mead: A prominent American philosopher, sociologist, and psychologist known for his
theory of the self.
• Mead's Theory of the Self: The self emerges from social interaction and is shaped by the expectations
and attitudes of others.
II. The Components of the Self
• The "Me": Represents the expectations and attitudes of others, forming a social self.
• The "I": Represents the individual's response to the "Me," embodying agency and individuality.
III. The Development of the Self
• Three Activities: Language, play, and game.
• Language: Allows individuals to take on the role of the other and respond to symbolized attitudes.
• Play: Involves role-playing, where individuals take on different roles and pretend to be others.
• Game: Requires individuals to understand and internalize the rules and expectations of a broader
social system.
IV. Symbolic Interaction Theory
• Mead's Influence: His work in this area spurred the development of symbolic interaction theory, a
major framework in sociology.
• Symbolic Interaction: Emphasizes the importance of symbols and shared meanings in social
interaction.
V. Conclusion
• The Self as a Social Construct: The self is not inherent but rather emerges from social interaction and
the internalization of social norms.
Fodra, Careen Joy F.
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
SELF AND FAMILY
Sociologists believe that “one is who he is because of his family.” Family impacts the SELF, consciously &
unconsciously through;
• The kind of family & resources available to us
• Observed language & behavior of family.
Absence & presence of respect & manners can be traced back from failure of the person to learn and
internalize these due to failure of family to initiate him or her into the world.
GENDER IDENTITY
— is how we feel inside about being male, female, or something else. It is part of who we are, and it can
change as we grow older. Some people feel strongly male or female, while others feel a mix or
somewhere in between.
— impacts the self because it helps define who we are, and society plays a big role in shaping how we
see our gender. But over time, people can change how they understand and express their gender identity.
Human beings are active participants in shaping the SELF. The continuous and unending metamorphosis
or change of SELF is mediated by language.
"Language as both publicly and privately utilized symbol system is the site where the individual and the
social make and remake each other.”

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Anne Clarise Famadico

- it focuses on Social Relationships

• Why Sociology is necessary in understanding the self?

Lev Vygotsky (1856-1999)

- is best known for his socio cultural theory.

The Self in Sociology: A Social Constructionist Perspective

II. Defining the Self

• Characteristics of the Self:

• Separate: Distinct from other selves, possessing a unique identity.

• Self-Contained and Independent: Capable of existing independently.

• Consistent: Maintaining a stable personality over time.

• Unitary: The center of all experiences and thoughts.

• Private: Individuals process information, feelings, and emotions internally.

III. The Self as a Social Construct

II. The Components of the Self

III. The Development of the Self

• Three Activities: Language, play, and game.

IV. Symbolic Interaction Theory

SELF AND FAMILY

• The kind of family & resources available to us

• Observed language & behavior of family.

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