Unit 1 What’s the matter?

教材分析：

本单元是改版后的八年级下册英语教材的第一个单元。主要讨论的话题是询问某人的

健康状况以及遇到麻烦的表达方法。本单元涉及到大量的表示人体部分的单词以及关于身

体某部位不舒服的短语。此外，本单元还涉及到党当人身体不适时，医生、朋友或亲人提

出的意见的表达法。本单元共有阅读类文章两篇，文章的主体时态都为一般过去时。主要

句型为.What ’s the matter with…?”“What should I/ you/ he/ she/they… do?” “I/ you/ he/

she/they should do…?” “I have a headache/stomachache/toothache.” “Does she/he/ have a

fever/cold/toothache …?”总的来说，本单元的相关语法知识并不难。

教学目标：

1. 知识目标：

（1）掌握一些相关的词和词组：matter, sore, have a cold, foot, neck, stomach, throat, fever, lie,

lie down, rest, cough, toothache, headache, break, hurt, passenger, get off, to one’s

surprise, trouble, get into, climber, be used to, sick, risk, herself, sunburned 等;

（2）掌握反身代词的用法； enjoy oneself, help oneself to,

（3）掌握情态动词 should 的用法;

（4）掌握以下主要句型：

. What’s the matter with…?”

“What should I/ you/ he/ she/they… do?”

“I/ you/ he/ she/they should do…”

“I have a headache/stomachache/toothache.”

“Does she/he/ have a fever/cold/toothache …?”

2. 能力目标：

1.能够用英语询问某人的身体状况以及关心他人是否遇到麻烦；

2.提高学生合作学习、自主学习的能力。

3.并能熟练运用所学知识就过去活动进行描述，学生听说读写的能力得到提高。

4.会使用部分情态动词；

情感目标： 1.教会学生关心他人，培养同学间团结、友善的精神。2.通过本单元的

学习能引导学生关注自己及身边人的身体健康、并学习如何去关心他人及提出适当的建议。

3.能使学生意识到要如何去保持健康并养成良好的生活习惯。4.培养学生主动救助处于危险

境地的人的精神，在紧急关头，有勇气做出正确的决定。此外，生活中遇到困境，需要有

坚强的意志力去面对一切。

教学难点：掌握情态动词 should \shouldn’t. 的用法

学习 have 的用法

课时划分：

Section A1 1a – 2d

Section A2 3a-3c

Section A3 Grammar Focus-4c

Section B1 1a-2e

Section B2 3a-Self check

Section A 1 (1a – 2d)

Step 1 Warming up and new words

1. Look at a picture and learn the parts of the body.

2. New words and phrases.

Step 2 Presentation

1a Look at the picture. Write the correct letter [a-m] for each part of the body.

___arm ___ back ___ ear ___ eye ___ foot

___hand ___ head ___ leg ___ mouth

___ neck ___nose ___ stomach ___ tooth

Step 3 Listening

1b Listen and look at the picture. Then number the names 1-5

Listen to the conversations again and fill in the blanks.

Conversation 1

Nurse: What’s the matter, Sarah?

Girl: I ___________.

Conversation 2

Nurse: What’s the matter, David?

Boy: I _________________.

Conversation 3

Nurse: What’s the matter, Ben?

Boy: I _________________.

Conversation 4

Nurse: What’s the matter, Nancy?

Girl: I _________________.

Conversation 5

Betty: What’s the matter, Judy?

Ann: She __________________.

Step 4 Speaking

1c Look at the pictures. What are the students’ problems? Make conversations.

Examples

A: What’s the matter with Judy?

B: She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water.

She has a very sore throat now.

A: What’s the matter with Sarah?

B: She didn’t take care of herself on the weekend. She was playing with her

friends at the park yesterday. Then it got windy, but she didn’t put on her jacket .

Now she has a cold.

Step 5 Guessing games

Guess what has happened to the students by using the important sentences.

Step 6 Listening

2a Listen and number the pictures [1-5] in the order you hear them.

2b Listen again. Match the problems with the advice.

Step 7 Speaking

2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b

A: What’s the matter?

B: My head feels very hot.

A: Maybe you have a fever.

B: What should I do?

A: You should take your temperature.

Step 8 Role–play

Imagine you are the school doctor. A few students have health problems. Role-play a

conversation between the doctor and the students.

2d Role –play the conversation

Step 9 Language points and summary

1. What’s the matter?

这是人们特别是医生和护士询问病人病情时最常用的问句 , 意思是“怎么了?”其后通常

与介词 with 连用。类似的问句还有:

What’s wrong? 怎么啦?

What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了?

What’s your trouble? 你怎么了?

What’s the trouble with you? 你怎么了?

What’s up? 你怎么了?

2. have a cold 伤风, 感冒, 是固定词组

表示身体不适的常用词组还有:

have a bad cold 重感冒

have a fever 发烧

have a headache 头痛

have a stomachache 肚子痛, 胃痛

have a toothache 牙痛

Summary

1. 牙疼 have a toothache

2. 胃疼 have a stomachache

3. 背疼 have a backache

4. 头疼 have a headache

5. 喉咙疼 have a sore throat

6. 发烧 have a fever

7. 感冒 have a cold

8. 躺下并且休息 lie down and rest

9. 喝热蜂蜜茶 drink hot tea with honey

10. 喝大量水 drink lots of water

11. 看牙医 see a dentist

12. 量体温 take one’s temperature

13. 看医生 go to a doctor

Step 10 Exercises

根据上下文意思填空。

Mandy: Lisa, are you OK?

Lisa: I _____ a headache and I can’t move my neck. What ______ I do? Should I

_____ my temperature?

Mandy: No, it doesn’t sound like you have a fever. What _____ you do on the

weekend?

Lisa: I played computer _____ all weekend.

Mandy: That’s probably why. You need to take breaks _____ from the computer.

Lisa: Yeah, I think I sat in the _____ way for too long without moving.

Mandy: I think you should ____ down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then

go to a _______.

Lisa: OK. Thanks, Mandy.

翻译下列句子。

1. 你怎么了？我头痛。

2. 他怎么了？他发烧。

3. 李雷怎么了？他喉咙痛，他应该多喝水。

4. 如果明天你的头和脖子依然疼的话，请去看医生。

Homework

Make up a conversation between a doctor and a patient.

Section A 2 (3a – 3c)

Step 1 Presentation

Look at the picture. Discuss what happened and then what we should do.

Teacher: What happened in the picture.

Students:

Teacher: What should we do to help them?

Students:

Teacher: Did the bus driver help them?

Students:

Step 2 Reading

3a Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? How do you know?

Did the bus driver help the man and the woman?

3b Read the passage again and check the things that happened in the story.

1 ____ Wang Ping was the driver of bus No.26 at 9:00 a.m. yesterday.

2 ____ Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.

3 ____ The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital

right away.

4 ____ The passagers on the bus did not want to go to the hospital, so only

Wang Ping went with the woman and old man.

5 ____ Some passagers helped to get the old man onto the bus.

6 ____ The old man got to the hospital in time.

Step 3 Speaking

3c Discuss the questions with a partner.

Step 4 Languages points

1. ... when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.

...... 这时司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。

观察与思考：

你能看出“看到某人正在做某事”的句型吗?

see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事

e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture.

see sb. do sth. 看见某人做过某事

e.g. I often see him draw a picture.

活学活用

1) 我看见他时他正在河边玩。

I saw him _______ by the river.

2) 我看见过他在河边玩。

I saw him _____ by the river.

3) 我看着他过了桥。

I see him ______ across the bridge.

4) 我看见她正在洗碗。

I see her _________ the dishes.

2. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.

3. He only thought about saving a life.

观察与思考：

你能看出“without thinking”、“about saving a life” 的共同点吗?

共同点：介词 + doing

介词 + 名词

宾格代词

doing

活学活用

用适当的形式填空。

1) I am fine. What about ____ (she)?

2) Thanks for ______ (tell) me the story?

3) It is a sunny day. How about _____ (go) fishing?

4) It is good to relax by ______ (use) the Internet or _________ (watch) game shows.

4. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.

to one’s surprise

使......惊讶的是，出乎......意料

e.g. To their surprise, all the students pass the exam.

Much to everyone’s surprise, the plan succeeded.

5. ... because they don’t want any trouble, ...

当 trouble 意为“困难；麻烦”时，是不可数名词。如：

I’m sorry to give you so much trouble.

(1) be in trouble 意为“有困难；陷入困境”。

如: He always asks me for help when he is in trouble.

(2) get sb. into trouble 意为“使某人陷入困境”。

如: If you come, you may get me into trouble.

(3) 主语 + have / has trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“某人在做某事方面有困难”。如:

I have some trouble (in) reading the letter.

当 trouble 意为“麻烦事；烦心事”时，是可数名词。如：

She was on the phone for an hour telling me her troubles.

【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。

(1) 他认为每天吃饭是一件麻烦事。

He thinks that eating every day is _________.

(2) 你知道你现在为什么处于困境吗？

Do you know why you _____________ now?

(3) 我妹妹在学习英语方面有困难。

My sister _____________________ English.

6. right away 意为“立刻；马上”，和 in a minute 意思相近。例如：

I’ll be there right away / in a minute.

另外，right now 和 at once 也可表示“立刻; 马上”的意思。

【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。

你必须马上出发。

You must start _________________________________________.

重点短语

1) 看到某人正在做某事 see sb. doing sth.

2) 让某人吃惊的是 to one’s surprise

3) 下车 get off the bus

4) 上车 get on the bus

5) 多亏，幸亏 thanks to

6) 考虑 think about

7) 同意做某事 agree to do sth.

8) 造成麻烦 get into trouble

Step 5 Exercises

用括号内的词的适当形式填空。

1. The driver saw an old man _____ (lie) on the road.

2. I sat in the same way without ________ (move).

3. He only thought about ______ (save) a life and didn’t think about _______ (him).

4. The old man needed _____ (go) to the hospital.

5. A woman was ________ (shout) for help.

6. He expected them ______ (get) off the bus.

Section A 3 (Grammar focus – 4c)

Step 1 Revision (Guessing game)

Look at the pictures, guess what has happened and revise the important points the students

have learned.

Step 2 Grammar focus

What’s the matter? I have a stomachache. You shouldn’t eat so much next

time.

What’s the matter with Ben? He hurt himself. He has a sore He should lie down and rest.

back.

Do you have a fever? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. / I don’t know.

Does he have a toothache? Yes, he does. He should see a dentist and get

an X-ray.

What should she do? She should take her temperature.

Should I put some medicine on Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t.

it?

观察与思考

读以下四个句子，总结出 have 的用法。

have \ has

I have a bag.

He has noodles for breakfast.

I have a bad cold.

They have a look at the picture.

用法展现

1. 作“有”讲。 如：

I have a bag. 我有一个包。

He has a red cup. 他有一个红杯子。

2. 作“吃、喝”讲。如：

have breakfast (吃早饭)

have tea (喝茶)

have a biscuit (吃块饼干)

have a drink (喝点水)

3. 作“患病”讲。

have a cold, have a fever

4. 固定短语

have a try, have a look, have a party

活学活用

1. 她有许多好朋友。

She ____ lots of good friends.

2. 当我们感冒时，应该多喝水。

When we _____ bad colds, we should drink more water.

3. 他早餐常吃鸡蛋。

He ____ eggs for breakfast.

4. 他昨天去参加聚会了。

He ___________ yesterday.

用法展现

should

should 属情态动词, 后接动词原形, 没有人称和数的变化。用于提出建议劝告别人。

should 的否定形式为 should not, 通常缩写为 shouldn’t。

1. — Tom, I have a toothache. 汤姆, 我牙痛。

— You should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医。

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2. — I’m not feeling well these days. I have bad cough.

这些天我身体不适, 老是咳嗽。

— You shouldn’t smoke so much, I think.

我认为你不该抽这么多烟。

3. — Should I put some medicine on it?

— Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t.

4. — What should she do?

— She should take her temperature.

活学活用

1. — She has a stomachache.

— She __________ eat so much next time.

2. — Should she see a dentist and get an X- ray?

— Yes, she _______. / No, she _________.

反身代词

反身代词又称为自身代词，表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到

强调的作用，用以加强语气。

粉墨登场

英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持

一致。其基本形式如下表所示：

第一人称 第二人称 第三人称

单数 myself yourself himself

herself

itself

复数 ourselves yourselves themselves

用法展现

1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示 同一个或同一些的人或事物。

如：Maria bought herself a scarf.

玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。

We must look after ourselves very well.

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我们必须好好照顾自己。

2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。

如：She isn’t quite herself today.

她今天身体不太舒服。

3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。

如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.

明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。

I met the writer himself last week.

我上周见到了那位作家本人。

4. 用在某些固定短语当中。

照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself

自学 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself

玩得高兴，过得愉快 enjoy oneself

请自用……（随便吃/喝些……） help oneself to sth.

摔伤自己 hurt oneself

自言自语 say to oneself

沉浸于，陶醉于……之中 lose oneself in

把某人单独留下 leave sb. by oneself

给自己买…...东西 buy oneself sth.

介绍……自己 introduce oneself

温馨提醒

1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。

如：我自己能完成作业。

(误) Myself can finish my homework.

(正) I myself can finish my homework. /

I can finish my homework myself.

2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某

人自己的（东西）”时，须要用 one’s own.

如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。

(误) I’m drawing with myself crayons.

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(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

活学活用

1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _______ just now.

2. Bad luck! I cut _______ with a knife yesterday.

3. They tell us they can look after __________ very well.

4. My cat can find food by _____.

5. Help __________ to some beef, boys.

Step 3 Exercises

4a Fill in the blanks and practice the conversations.

1. A: I hurt ______ when I played basketball yesterday. What _______ I do?

B: You ______ see a doctor and get an X-ray.

2. A: _______ the matter?

B: My sister and I ______ sore throats. _______ we go to school?

A: No, you _________.

3. A: _____ Mike _____ a fever?

B: No, he ________. He ____ a stomachache.

A: He _______ drink some hot tea.

4b Circle the best advice for these health problems. Then add your own advice.

1. Jenny cut herself.

She should (get an X-ray / put some medicine on the cut).

My advice: _______________________.

2. Kate has a toothache.

She should (see a dentist / get some sleep).

My advice: ________________________.

3. Mary and Sue have colds.

They shouldn’t (sleep/ exercise).

My advice: ______________________.

4. Bob has a sore back.

He should (lie down and rest / take his temperature).

My advice: ______________________.

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