PRE-BOARD: AREA II.

SOIL AND WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

AND CONSERVATION, IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND ALLIED 6. A practice to minimize the effect of raindrop erosion*
SUBJECTS A. contour farming
1. Water flows from a region with higher moisture content to a region with B. corrugation
lower moisture content This statement is*. C. terracing
A. False, if the soil is homogenous D. mulching
B. Always False
C. Always true
D. none of the above 7. When the water level in an orifice drops below the upper edge of the orifice,
the flow becomes ___*
2. Irrigation before the final seedbed preparation and planting; a method to A. open channel flow
insure adequate moisture for the germination of crop seeds* B. orifice flow
A. pre-irrigation C. pipe flow
B. flood-irrigation D. weir flow
C. drip-irrigation
D. post-irrigation 8. Any value calculated from a sample data.*
E. intermittent A. Statistic
B. Parameter
3. The removal of soil by water from small but well-defined channels or C. Numeric
streamlets when there is a concentration of the overland flow.* D. Observation
A. rill erosion
B. sheet erosion 9. Portion of precipitation that is retained on the leaves, branches, and stems of
C. gully erosion vegetation and on the litter covering the ground*
D. streambank erosion A. transpiration
B. interception
4. Uniform removal of soil in thin layers from the sloping land resulting from the C. infiltration
overland flow* D. percolation
A. rill erosion
B. coastal erosion 10. A storm occurred in two similar watersheds, Glads and Karl, both has. 700 in
C. sheet erosion a area. Glads watershed is long and slender while Karl watershed is short
D. splash erosion but wide. Which watershed will experience the earliest and the highest peak
flow assuming that the rainfall over the watershed is evenly distributed?*
5. Marikina watershed having a drainage area of 500 sq. km. has been A. Glads
characterized to have an average CN value of 65 in 1970 where it B. The same
experienced a storm depth of 100 mm. After 30 years, the same storm C. Neither Karl nor Glads
magnitude was felt but this time, due primarily to a change in land use inside D. Karl
the watershed, the CN value now is 84. What is the percentage change in
depth of runoff?* 11. How much water should be applied to 6 ha farm where the rooting depth is
A. 1.33% 80 cm if it is in permanent wilting point? Volumetric moisture contents are
B. 29% 0.15 and 0.32 for permanent wilting point and field capacity, respectively.*
C. 80% A. 6, 120 m^3
D. 41% B. 15, 360 m^3
C. 7,200 m^3
D. 8, 160 m^3
12. Determine the 10-year period peak runoff for 80-hectare watershed having a 17. An 8mm rainfall was measured by a USWB standard rain gauge (8 inches in
runoff coefficient of 0.4. The maximum length of flow of water is 610 meters diameter). Determine the height of water in the inner cylinder, whose area is
and the fall along this path is 6.0 meters. The rainfall intensity for that return one tenth of the catch area*
period is 101.25 mm/hr having a duration equal to the time of A. 259.0 mm
concentration.* B. 80.0 cm
A. 16.5 C. 0.8 cm
B. 9.0 D. 80.0 mm
C. 1.5
D. 16.3 18. A horizontal fully flowing 4-inch pipe is discharging water. The X-coordinate
and Y-coordinate of the water trajectory as measured from the end of the
13. A 30-minute duration rainfall (mm) from a recording raingauge was plotted pipe are 1.5m and 0.8, respectively. Assuming that the coefficient of
versus time (min) and an equation was obtained in the form, R = 0.1 + 0.333* discharge is .0, what is thee discharge of the pipe?*
t(R^2 = 0.999). determine the rainfall intensity in mm/hr.* A. 20 lps
A. 10 B. 40 lps
B. 100 C. 10 lps
C. 15 D. 30 lps
D. 20

14. Determine the 10-year period peak runoff for 80-hectare watershed having a 19. The ability of the atmosphere to absorb radiation in the long wave more
runoff coefficient of 0.4. The maximum length of flow of water is 610 meters efficiently than in the short wave range is the basis of the so-called:*
and the fall along this path is 6.0 meters. The rainfall intensity for that return A. cloud effect
period is 101.25 mm/hr having a duration equal to the time of B. greenhouse effect
concentration.* C. elevation effect
A. 16.5 D. none of the above
B. 16.3
C. 9.0 20. A technique wherein a young embryo is collected from a donor female
D. 1.5 parent and then implanted into the uterus of a recipient female parent*
A. embryo transfer
15. The rate of decrease of temperature with the increase in elevation is called* B. artificial insemination
A. convection rate C. random mating
B. deflection rate D. mastication
C. lapse rate E. breeding
D. Updraft
21. The soil property which describes the ability of the soil to transmit water*
16. On a 20% hill slope, it is proposed to construct bench terraces with 1:1 A. percolation rate
batter slope. If the vertical interval is 2 meters, what is the width of the B. soil hydraulic conductivity
terrace?* C. hydraulic gradient
A. 16 m D. soil matric potential
B. 8 m
C. 10 m 22. It is the ratio of the dry weight of soil particles to the weight of an equal
D. 20 m volume of water*
A. particle density
B. bulk density
C. real specific gravity
 D. apparent specific gravity C. Air-filled pore volume
D. Soil volume
23. An oval athletic field is the combination of the square and semi-circles at
opposite ends. If the total area of the field is 1,200 square yards, find the 29. It is the ratio of the peak runoff rate to the rainfall intensity*
area of the square.* A. Recharge coefficient
A. 712.4 sq. yd B. Discharge coefficient
B. 532.2 sq. yd C. Runoff coefficient
C. 475.1 sq. yd D. Drainage coefficient
D. 672.1 sq. yd
30. A concrete lined canal is to convey water over a distance of 250 m from the
24. Subsurface drain system wherein laterals join the submain on both sides well to a tomato farm. Drop in elevation is 50 m. over the 250 m canal length
alternately.* and roughness coefficient, is 0.018. Estimate the bottom width of a
A. parallel drain system rectangular canal with a depth of flowing water of 0.25 m, if the hydraulic
B. gridiron radius is equal to the area of flow*
C. double main system A. b = 50 m
D. herringbone B. b = 0.5 m
C. b = 25 m
25. In the identification of potential dam sites, which one is not part of the D. b = 0.25 m
guidelines?*
A. high density population to supply the needed labor
B. availability of a narrow gorge for minimum earthwork for dam for dam
embankment 31. The rate of which water moves through the soil profile is called*
C. topographic condition providing a wide and deep reservoir upstream of A. infiltration rate
the dam sites B. soil permeability
D. availability of potential service areas for irrigation, power, domestic and C. percolation rate
water supply, and flood control D. soil hydraulic conductivity

26. A type of drainage system where laterals meet the main line at only one side* 32. These are pipelines built near on or near the ground surface to convey water
A. Natural across wide depressions.*
B. gridiron A. flumes
C. Random B. laterals
D. herringbone C. inverted siphons
D. siphons
27. The soil moisture at field capacity is 27.2 % and the moisture content at the
time of irrigating is 19.0 %. the apparent sp. gravity of the soil is 1.3 and the 33. Which of the following is true for the parabola = -4x² + 20x - 25*
depth of the soil to be wetted is 1 m. How many ha-mm per ha of water A. It opens downward and has one x-intercepts
must be applied?* B. It opens downward and has two y-intercepts
A. 100 C. It opens downward and has two x-intercepts
B. 0.107 D. It opens downward and has no x-intercepts
C. 10.7
D. 107 34. Three m^3/s water is delivered from a river into a canal. Of this amount,
2.25m3/s is delivered to the farm. The surface runoff from thee irrigated area
28. Particle density is the ratio of mass of the dry soil to the * is 450 lps and the contribution to the groundwater is 300 lps. Compute the
A. pore volume water application efficiency.*
B. bulk volume A. 13.33 %
 B. 33.33 % 40. A mean runoff of 1 m^3 /s from catchment of area 31.54 km^2 represent an
C. 30% effective rainfall of*
D. 66.67 % A. 100 cm
B. cm
35. Two airplanes, traveling into opposite directions, leaves an airport at the C. 100 mm
same time. If one plane averages 480 mph and the other averages 520 mph, D. 3.17cm
how long it will take before they are 2000 miles apart?* E. None of the above
A. 3 hours
B. 2 hours 41. Its a geologic formation which transmits water at a rate insufficient to be
C. 1 hour economically developed for pumping*
D. 2.5 hours A. aquitard
E. 3.5 hours B. aquifuge
C. aquiclude
36. When the water must be conveyed under the natural or artificial drainage D. aquifer
channel, the structure used is ____*
A. Drop 42. The recommended pressure variation in the lateral between the first and the
B. Inverted siphon last sprinkler is*
C. Siphon A. 5%
D. Chute B. 10%
C. 15%
37. Consider a farm irrigation ditch in a loam soil having the following D. 20%
dimensions: bottom width, 0.5m; total depth, 0.6 m; side slopes of
1horizontal to 1 vertical, and depth of water, 0.4 m. The bottom of the ditch 43. The rate of vertical water movement through the soil at saturated condition
has a uniform slope of 1 m/km. Assume a Manning’s roughness coefficient, is*
n of 0.02. Find the cross-sectional area of the stream* A. percolation rate
A. 0.36 m^2 B. soil permeability
B. 0.58 m^2 C. infiltration rate
C. 0.22 m^2 D. depletion rate
D. 1.63 m^2
44. A topographically defined area drained by a river or a system of connecting
38. If the slope of a watershed is 9% and the L factor in the Universal Soil Loss rivers such that all outflow is discharged through a single outlet*
Equation is 10 (l = 2200 m), what is the topography factor LS?* A. watershed
A. 10.0 B. drainage basin
B. 15.0 C. catchment area
C. 1.0 D. all of the above
D. 5.0
45. Three m^3/s water is delivered from a river into a canal. Of this amount,
39. If the sample is chosen such that each value in the population has an equal 2.25m^3/s is delivered to the farm. The surface runoff from thee irrigated
and independent chance of being included in the sample, sampling is done area is 450 lps and the contribution to the groundwater is 300 lps. What is
through* the conveyance efficiency?*
A. random sampling A. 75%
B. simple random sampling B. 25%
C. systematic random sampling C. 50%
D. stratified random sampling D. 12.5%
46. It is the water retained about individual soil particles by molecular action and B. permanent wilting point
can be removed only by heating.* C. available water
A. hygroscopic water D. field capacity
B. permanent wilting point
C. microscopic water
D. hydrophoic water 53. A farmer desires to irrigate a border which is 12 m wide and 150 m long. He
wants to apply a 75-mm depth of water to the area with a stream of 60 lps.
47. Darcy’s Law of states that the flow of water through a porous medium is* How long will it take to irrigate the border?*
A. neither of the statement above A. 6.25 hrs
B. proportional to the medium’s hydraulic conductivity B. 37.5 hrs
C. inversely proportional to the length of flow of path C. 3.75 hrs
D. both of the statement above D. 0.625 hrs

48. Determine the irrigation interval for a farm with soil root zone having a field 54. The phenomenon by which air is forced to rise over a mountain barrier*
capacity of 20 mm and a wilting point of 105 mm. Assume that the A. wind upsurge
consumptive use for August is 7.5 mm/day with no rainfall and the allowable B. convective lifting
moisture depletion is 75%* C. orographic lifting
A. 10 days D. frontal lifting
B. 3 days
C. 9 days 55. The difference between field capacity and permanent wilting point*
D. 4 days A. available moisture
B. capillary water
49. Using the float method in determining the velocity of water in a channel, the C. all of the choices
float velocity in relation to the average water velocity is* D. none of the choices
A. less than the average water velocity
B. equal to the average water velocity 56. A sprinkler spacing of 12 x 18 m and an application rate of 10 mm/hr will
C. no relation at all require a sprinkler with a capacity of ____*
D. greater than the average water velocity A. 36 liters per second
B. 3.6 liters per second
50. Given a canal with 1 to 1 side slopes and cross-sectional area of 10 m^2. C. 0.6 liter per second
Find the dimensions for the best hydraulic cross-section * D. 6 liters per second
A. bottom width = 2.35 m, depth = 1.92 m
B. bottom width = depth = 1.92 m 57. Vigna radiata is commonly known as ___*
C. bottom width = depth = 2.35 m A. Peanut
D. depth = 2.35 m, bottom width = 1.92 m B. rice bean
C. bush sitao
51. An application rate of 1mm/day is equal to* D. castor bean
A. Neither of the choices E. Mungbean
B. 0.116 liters per second
C. All of the choices 58. The method of fertilizer application in which the fertilizer is dissolved in water
D. 0.044 liters per hour as prescribed and then sprayed on the upper portion of the plant particularly
the leaves*
52. The moisture content of the soil when the gravitational water has been A. localized fertilizer
removed* B. system tank
A. readily available moisture C. broadcast method
 D. foliar spray fertilizer C. 450
E. side dressing method D. 150

59. The sum total of water lost in a given area thru transpiration from plants, 65. A crop grown between orchard trees or on field between cropping season to
evaporation from soil and water surface and for building tissues of plants.* protect the land from leaching and erosion*
A. Consumptive use A. cash crop
B. Seepage B. relay crop
C. Runoff C. inter-tilled crop
D. Deep percolation D. cover crop
E. companion crop
60. The USLE is method of computing soil erosion. What type of soil erosion
does it estimated?* 66. The science dealing with the waters of the earth, their occurrence,
A. sheet and rill erosion only distribution and circulation, their chemical and physical properties and their
B. all types of erosion interaction with the environment:*
C. sheet, rill and gully erosion A. weather
D. sheet erosion only B. hydrology
C. climatology
61. A flood flow of 560 m3 /s was determined to have a 20% probability D. meteorology
occurrence. What is its a return period?*
A. 2 years 67. The numbers of bags packed by eleven factory workers are as follows: 7, 16,
B. 5 years 121, 51, 101, 81, 5, 16, 9, 11, and 16. That is the median of this data?*
C. 20 years A. 16
D. 50 years B. 7
C. 6
62. In hypothesis testing, the error committed in rejecting a null hypothesis when D. 81
it is true*
A. Type III 68. Uniform removal of soil in thin layers from the sloping land resulting from the
B. Type II overland flow*
C. Type IV A. rill erosion
D. Type I B. coastal erosion
C. sheet erosion
63. A farmer wishes to apply 12 ha-cm of water to his 3 ha plantation using a D. splash erosion
centrifugal pump with a capacity of 2000 liters per minute at 1600 rpm and
pumping head of 5 m. If the irrigation efficiency is 60%, how long will it take 69. In a random sample of 100 students, 40 said they opposed the plan of the
him to apply the water?* school to charge a new development fee. An unbiased estimate of the
A. 10.0 hrs proportion of students who support the payment of the new development
B. 16.7 hrs fee is __*
C. 33.3 hrs A. 40
D. 20.0 hrs B. 40/100
C. 60/100
64. A cube has a diagonal of length 563. Find its surface area in square units.* D. 60
A. 125
B. 225
70. Water which has been absorbed from an atmosphere of water vapor as a D. steady flow
result of attractive forces in the surface of the particles.*
A. capillary water 76. The International Soil Science Society describes sand as a soil particle with
B. gravitational water the diameter of*
C. hygroscopic water A. 0.2 to 2mm
D. mineral water B. 0.02 to 2 mm
E. rainwater C. 0.002 to 0.02 mm
D. 0.002 to 0.2 mm
71. It is the measure of the amount of water that the soil will retain against a
tension of 15 atmosphere* 77. A soil sample was taken which has a wet water mass of 220 kg. The mass
A. field capacity water content of the soil was 0.18. Find the dry mass of the soil*
B. permanent wilting point – if base on UPLB A. 168 kg
C. readily available moisture B. 222 kg
D. available moisture C. 186 kg
D. 268 kg
72. It is a process of destroying most disease-producing microorganisms and
limiting fermentation in milk subjected to heating for a definite time at a 78. A method of asexual propagation involving the transfer of aerial parts of one
definite temperature thereafter cooling it immediately* plant (scion) to the root trunk material (stock) of another plant*
A. Condensation A. Marcotting
B. Fabrication B. Inoculation
C. Pasteurization C. bonsai-making
D. Homogenization D. Grafting
E. Evaporization E. Hydroponics

73. For the watershed of 360 hectares, the peak run--off rate for 0.5 cm/hr rain 79. In the Soil Conservation method (curve number method), if the Curve
intensity (at the time of concentration) was observed as 2.5 m3/s. What is number is 100, this indicates that*
the runoff coefficient?* A. rainfall is highly erosive
A. 0.05 B. rainfall is less than runoff
B. 5.0 C. runoff = 0
C. 0.005 D. rainfall = runoff
D. 0.5
80. A stream-flow discharge measurement, over a period of one hour, at an
outlet gives 1000 ft^3/sec. If the area it drains is 3.10 sq. miles, what is the
74. The measure of the amount of water in which soil will retain against a tension equivalent depth of stream*
of 15 atmosphere* A. 5.0 in.
A. readily available moisture B. 0.5 in.
B. available moisture C. 50.0 in
C. permanent wilting point D. 0.05 in.
D. field capacity
81. The soil property which is not affected by tillage and soil management but is
75. Type of flow wherein the discharge or flow in a prismatic channel is constant dependent on the soil mineralogy and organic matter content*
with respect to time* A. Porosity
A. critical flow B. Void ratio
B. uniform flow C. Particle density
C. laminar flow D. Bulk density
 C. stilling basin
82. One thousand two hundred and fifty cubic meters of water was delivered to D. pond
a 10 ha farm for the month of June in which the consumptive use is
estimated at 8 mm/day. The effective rainfall for the period was 150 mm.
what is the irrigation efficiency?* 88. The rate of movement of water from a level of soil surface into the soil.*
A. 52% A. infiltration rate
B. 87% B. intake depth
C. 72% C. hydraulic rate
D. 32% D. permeability rate

83. A type of terrace usually used for 9-24% slope characterized by breaking the 89. Difference in moisture content of soil between field capacity and permanent
slope at certain intervals by a ridge and a flat portion to trap run-off.* wilting point.*
A. Zingg terrace A. reality available moisture
B. Bench terrace B. available moisture
C. Manning’s terrace C. saturation capacity
D. Broad-based terrace D. irrigation water requirement

84. A cylinder was pushed into the soil. The cross-sectional area of the cylinder 90. A watershed has an area of 300ha. Due to a 10cm rainfall event over the
was 0.025 m^2. The length of the soil column within the cylinder was 0.30 watershed, a streamflow is generated and at the outlet of the watershed it
m. The weight of the soil within the cylinder was 9.5 kg when it was dried. last for 10hrs. Assuming a runoff/rainfall ratio of 0.2 for this event, the
The weight of the soil before drying was 11.4 kg. Determine the bulk density average streamflow rate at the outlet in the period of 10hrs is,*
of the soil* A. 1.33 m^3 /sec
A. 1.37 B. 1.67 m^3 /sec
B. 1.27 g/cc C. 100 m^3 /min
C. 1.37 g/cc D. 60,000 m^3 /hr
D. 1.27 E. None of the above

85. The precipitation that reaches the ground surface may be stored as* 91. A sharp-edged cylinder 150 mm in diameter is pushed into the soil. A 200
A. surface water mm soil column is secured. The wet weight is 5525 grams and the dry
B. snow and ice weight is 4950 grams. What is the percent moisture content on a dry weight
C. subsurface water basis?*
D. all of the choices A. 13.62%
B. 12.62%
86. After a 2-hour storm, a station downstream from a 45 square mile drainage C. 10.62%
basin measures 9400 cfs as a peak discharge and 3300 acre-feet as total D. 11.62%
runoff. Find the 2-hour unit hydrograph peak discharge.*
A. 9,400 cfs 92. A type of cropping system wherein different crops are planted in an area one
B. 8,800 cfs after the other each season.*
C. 6,800 cfs A. relay cropping
D. 3,300 cfs B. mixed cropping
C. strip cropping
87. Structured device designed to hold a pool of water to cushion the impact D. cropping pattern
and retard the flow of falling water as from an overflow weir, chute or drop*
A. Apron
B. Sill
93. What is the depth of the trapezoidal channel with a side-slope of 2 and 98. An aquifer with an effective porosity of 0.10 has an average hydraulic
carrying 3.2 m^2/s water flow? The channel’s bottom width is 1.5 meters conductivity of 11.0 m/day. at a certain time, the observed piezometric
and the flowing water has a velocity of 0.85 m/s.* contour value at an upgrading point is 164 m and that at a down gradient
A. 1.04 m point is 152 m. Determine the velocity of groundwater flow if the average
B. 1.80 m distance between the contours is 18 km.*
C. 1.05 m A. 14mm/day towards the down-gradient point
D. 1.79 m B. 14 mm/day towards the up-gradient point
C. 7 mm/day towards the down gradient point
D. 7 mm/day towards the up-gradient point

94. A communication antenna is on top of a building. You are 100 ft from the
building. Using a transit, you measure the angle of elevation of the bottom 99. An irrigator uses a stream of 100 lps for two days (48 hrs) to irrigate 12 has.
of the antenna as 20.6° and the angle of elevation of the top of the antenna What is the average depth of water applied?*
as 27.3°. How tall is the antenna?* A. 14.4 mm
A. 12 ft B. 144 cm
B. 37.6 ft C. 1.44 cm
C. 20 ft D. 14.4 cm
D. 14 ft
100.It refers to the composite parts of the irrigation system that diverts water
95. A vessel contains 2 liters of alcohol and 28 liter of water. How many liters of from natural bodies of water such as rivers, streams, lakes.*
alcohol must be added to make the final mixture 12.5% alcohol?* A. irrigation structures
A. 3 liters B. diversion dam
B. 2.51 liters C. head work
C. 4.21 liters D. main canal
D. 2 liters

96. The capacity of rainfall (precipitation) to effect the detachment and transport
of soil particles*
A. Erodibilty
B. Conductivity
C. Erosivity
D. Effectivity

97. A 30-minute duration rainfall (mm) from a recording raingauge wa plotted

versus time (min) and an equation was obtained in the form, R = 0.1 + 0.333*
t(R^2 = 0.999). determine the rainfall intensity in mm/hr.*
A. 100
B. 10
C. 15
D. 20