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    BACKGROUND OF T-WPS Office

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    geonelpogi19
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    BACKGROUND OF T-WPS Office

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    geonelpogi19
    13 views2 pages
    Enlish Sub

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Enlish Sub

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    13 views2 pages

    BACKGROUND OF T-WPS Office

    Uploaded by

    geonelpogi19
    Enlish Sub

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Calamansi (Citrus x Microcarpa) Peel-Based Bioplastics: Exploring

    the Potential of Seed-Infused Materials for Sustainable Agriculture

    and Waste Management

    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

    The Philippines is one of the most plastic-polluted countries in the world, with estimated
    2.7 million plastic waste disposed of every year (AROWANA IMPACT CAPITAL, 2023) and was
    third-ranking contributor to plastic pollution in the world. (Jonathan Schachter and Rachel
    Karasik, 2017). The country's growing population and economic development have led to an
    increasing demand for plastic packaging, which has contributed to the generation of massive
    amounts of plastic waste. This has resulted in severe environmental and health problems,
    including the clogging of waterways, contamination of soil and water, and the release of toxic
    chemicals into the environment.

    According to the Municipal Environmental & Natural Resources Office (MENRO) in


    Lingig, a significant amount of waste has been accumulating in the area, with an estimated of
    over seven dump-trucks of plastic waste collected weekly, highlighting the importance of
    effective waste collection and disposal. In particular, the Philippines is facing a significant
    challenge in managing plastic waste, particularly in rural areas where waste management
    infrastructure is often inadequate or non-existent. As a result, plastic waste accumulates in
    landfills, streets, and waterways, posing a significant threat to human health and the
    environment. This certain issue is in need for sustainable solutions to waste management,
    particularly in rural areas where infrastructure may be limited.

    One potential solution to the problem of plastic waste is the development of bioplastics,
    which are made from renewable sources such as corn starch, vinegar, and Glycerine .
    Bioplastics have several advantages over traditional plastics, including their biodegradability,
    compostability, and lower carbon footprint.Bioplastics, a potential substitute for traditional
    plastics, offer benefits such as reduced carbon emissions, natural decomposition, and
    adaptability. Nevertheless, they also have drawbacks like fragility, high water absorption, and
    low heat resistance (Anahi Pereira Da Costa et.al, 2023). Bioplastics, made from renewable
    resources, are a more environmentally friendly option compared to traditional plastics. They
    produce less greenhouse gases and are completely biodegradable, making them a more
    sustainable choice (Raji Vijayamma et.al, 2022)

    In this context, this study aims to explore the potential of seed-infused materials derived
    from calamansi peel-based bioplastics as a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics.
    Calamansi (Citrus × microcarpa ) is a popular fruit in the Philippines that is widely cultivated and
    consumed. According to (Marjun Caguay, 2023), Over 88,200 to 94,500 metric tons (MT) of
    Calamansi (Citrus x Microcarpa), ended up being wasted in landfills per year and 6,000–11,000
    MT Calamansi Peel (Citrus x Microcarpa) often go back to landfills open-dumped or spread
    (RENE ESTREMERA, 2021). The peel of calamansi fruit is a rich source of natural materials,
    including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other components. These components are
    essential for creating bioplastics that can be fully characterized and tested (Javier Eduardo
    López Giraldo et.al 2014). Using calamansi peel in bioplastic production can also lead to the
    creation of materials with improved durability and physical properties (Nila Tanyela Berghuis
    et.al, 2022). Moreover, adding calamansi peel waste to bioplastics can enhance their
    biodegradability and mechanical strength, making them a more environmentally friendly
    alternative to traditional plastics. By utilizing calamansi peel waste, researchers can develop
    bioplastics that meet the necessary requirements for various applications while minimizing
    plastic waste and environmental harm (Nur Diyana Zainol Abidin et. al, 2021).

    Using seeds to create bioplastics offers a promising way to develop sustainable


    materials. Researchers have found that different seed starches, such as those from tamarind
    and Amaranthus cruentus, can be used to create bioplastics with desirable properties like
    strength and degradability. For example, bioplastics made from tamarind seed starch mixed with
    Arjuna powder showed excellent biodegradability, breaking down by 73% in just 30 days, and
    also exhibited impressive tensile strength (M. Chowdhury et.al, 2022). In addition, researchers
    have successfully developed biodegradable films using starch from the Amaranthus cruentus
    plant, demonstrating the potential for using seed-derived materials in the production of
    sustainable bioplastics(Vimal Priya et. al, 2022). Studies have also found that applying
    bioplastic coatings to seeds like corn and canola can improve seedling growth, without affecting
    the rate of germination(Cesare accinelli et.al, 2018). The development of bioplastics not only
    provides a more eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastics, but it also has the potential to
    positively impact agriculture. By incorporating seed materials into bioplastics, we can achieve a
    dual benefit of reducing our environmental footprint while also enhancing agricultural practices.

    Overall, this study aims to explore the potential of calamansi peel-based bioplastics as a
    sustainable alternative to traditional plastics and contribute to the development of a more
    environmentally friendly and socially responsible approach to plastic waste management in the
    Philippines.

    STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

    The main purpose of the proposed study is to address the use of Bioplastic in terms of
    proper waste disposal here in the Municipality of Lingig?. This study will answer the following
    questions:

    Does making Bioplastics help the problem of our society when it comes to proper disposal?

    How can the Seed-Infused Bioplastics enhance agricultural practices?

    What potential do Calamansi ( Citrus x Microcarpa) Peel have to sustain durability of


    bioplastics?

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