Chapter 12 Booklet v1

Chapter 12
Household Expenses
Written by
Benjamin Odgers
Maths Teacher
B Teaching / B Science
12A Household Bills (pg. 108)

12B Car Finance (pg. 109)
12C Car Insurance (pg. 110)
12D Stamp Duty (pg. 111)
12E Car Expenses (pg. 112)
12F Budgeting (pg. 113)
The following theory booklet lines up with the Cambridge Year 11 NSW Standard Mathematics
Textbook. This can be found using the following link:
https://www.cambridge.edu.au/education/titles/CambridgeMATHS-Stage-6-Mathematics-Standard-
Year-11-print-and-interactive-textbook-powered-by-Cambridge-HOTmaths/#.XMYVMEszY2w
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12A Household Bills
3 Types of percentages questions

• Calculating the percentage of an amount
Percentage ÷ 100 × amount
• Calculating an amount as a percentage of the total
amount
× 100
total
• Calculating the original amount after a percentage discount or increase - this is a challenging process
and is explained in Example 1 part c.
Example 1 https://youtu.be/Jn9-IgnJp10 and https://youtu.be/TSxcYnXLdhc

Joe received an electricity bill for $361.44. Answer the following questions.
a) If Joe pays the bill on time he gets a 15% discount on his bill. How much will he need to pay if he
pays the bill on time?
b) Last quarter Joe had a bill for $289.33. Calculate the increase in electricity costs from last quarter as
a percentage.
c) The bill includes 10% GST. How much GST is he being charged if he pays the full amount without a
discount?
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12B Car Finance
Example 1 https://youtu.be/p9lX3tmC6Uc
A car is purchased for $15 000 and then sold a year later for $12 300. Calculate the percentage decrease in
the value of the car.
Example 2 https://youtu.be/dwODWPHYsJw
A Toyota Corolla is on sale for $18 600. The car can be purchased on finance which involves a $4000
deposit and monthly repayments of $490 for 5 years.
a) What is the total cost of the car when purchased on finance?
b) How much interest was paid when purchased on finance?
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12C Car Insurance
The 3 main types of insurance: https://youtu.be/WGER5uddj_c

• Green Slip or Compulsory Third Party (CTP) – this insurance covers any death or injuries incurred
by people involved in the accident. This insurance is compulsory in Australia.
• Third Party Property insurance – covers any damage caused by your car to other cars or property. It
does not cover any damage on your own car.
• Comprehensive insurance – works the same as Third Party Property insurance except that it also
covers any damage caused to your car. It also covers you for theft. This insurance can be quite
expensive.
No-claim bonus:
Whenever you are involved in an accident you can make a claim to the insurer. They might fix vehicles or
give a cash payment. Each year that you do not make any claims your insurance should get cheaper, we call
this a no-claim bonus.
Example 1 https://youtu.be/zFmuW8mD26A
The cost of comprehensive insurance for Jared is $870. Because he hasn’t claimed for any accidents in the
last 5 years he receives a no-claim bonus of 40%. How much will his insurance cost?
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12D Stamp Duty
Stamp duty is the tax you pay when you purchase or register a car. It is calculated by doing the following
1. Round up the cost of the car to the nearest $100
2. Express the stamp duty as a fraction
3. Multiply the cost of the car by your fraction
Example 1 https://youtu.be/8MZ57EwMXT4
A car is purchased for $12 340. Stamp duty is calculated at $3 per $100 or part $100. What will the cost of
your stamp duty be?
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12E Car Expenses
Anyone who owns a car will tell you how much money you will lose after owning them. Here is a list of
some common costs that can really add up.
• Fuel
• Repairs/maintenance
• Parking
• Tolls
• Car washes
• Fines
Example 1 https://youtu.be/x9HI6p2zBLI
Brad owns a Toyota Hilux. A set of tyres will cost him about $860 and will last about 32 000 km before they
start wearing away. He travels about 18 000 km every year on average. Calculate the cost of tyre wear:
(a) per 100 kilometres (b) per year
Fuel Consumption
A car’s fuel consumption is measured by the number of litres of fuel it burns per 100 kilometres. For
example, a Toyota Yaris will typically burn through 6.4L/100km and a Toyota Corolla will typically burn
through 4.2L/100km (information taken from https://www.carsguide.com.au/toyota/corolla/vs/toyota-yaris).
Amount of fuel (𝐿) × 100

Fuel consumption =
Distance travelled (𝑘𝑚)
Example 2 https://youtu.be/2Nls99Sfcik
Harry wanted to know the fuel consumption of his car. After 560 kilometres of driving he noticed that he
had used 40 Litres of fuel. What is the fuel consumption of his car?
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12F Budgeting
When making a personal budget, you need to calculate all your expenses in one column and any income in
the other column. When you balance the budget you are essentially trying to make your expenses the same
as your income. The balance amount is the money that is left over for extra spending or savings.
Example 1 https://youtu.be/JI0IPjuvfcI
Balance the following fortnightly budget.
Income Expenses
Wage $3247.18 Loan Repayment $1890
Tutoring $100 Groceries $380.21
Shares $28.56 Fuel $156.56
Insurance $32.40
Internet/Phone $58
Entertainment $245.90
Power $43.82
Rates/Water $125.78
Car Maintenance $157.97
Balance
Total Total
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Chapter 12

12A Household Bills (pg. 108)

3 Types of percentages questions

Percentage ÷ 100 × amount

• Calculating an amount as a percentage of the total

Example 1 https://youtu.be/Jn9-IgnJp10 and https://youtu.be/TSxcYnXLdhc

b) How much interest was paid when purchased on finance?

The 3 main types of insurance: https://youtu.be/WGER5uddj_c

Amount of fuel (𝐿) × 100

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