Name: …………………………………………………… Admission Number: ………………

School: …………………………………………………. Class: ……………………………….

Signature: …………………………………………….. Date: ………………………………..

Instructions to candidates

(a) Write your name and index number in the spaces provided
above.
(b) Write the name of your school and sign in the spaces provided above.
(c) Answer all the questions in this question paper.
(d) All answers must be written in the spaces provided in the question paper.
(e) This paper consists of 14 printed pages.
(f) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all pages are
printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
(g) Candidates should answer the questions in English.

For Examiners’ Use Only

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

TOTAL
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1. State the functions of the following organelles:

(a) Lysosome. (1 mark)
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(b) Mitochondria. (1 mark)
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(c) Nucleolus. (1 mark)
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2. The diagram below shows organism in grass. Use it to answer the questions
that follow.

(a) Name the equipment that can be used to capture the organism for
studies. (1 mark)
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(b) The actual length of the organism from the ruler used is 15cm.
calculate the magnification of the organism. (2 marks)
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(c) Identify the characteristics shown by the above organism. (1 mark)

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3. Give the two main branches of biology. (2 marks)
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4. Differentiate between the movement in plants and animals. (1 mark)
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5. Below is the diagram of a light microscope. Study it and answer the questions
that follow:

(a) Name the part labelled A, B and D. (3 marks)

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(b) Give the function of the part C. (1 mark)

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(c) Explain why it is not advisable to use the part labelled F when viewing
objects with the high-power objective. (1 mark)
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(d) A cell was magnified 800 times using a light microscope whose eyepiece
was X20. What was the magnification of the objective lens? (1 mark)
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6. In an experiment to investigate a factor affecting photosynthesis, a potted
plant which had been kept in dark for 24 hours had one of its partly covered
with an aluminium foil and another one partly covered with transparent
paper. The set-up was then placed in sunlight for 2 hours after which a food
test was carried out on both leaves.

(a) Which factor was being investigated? (1 mark)

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(b) Which food test was carried out? (1 mark)
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(c) State the results of the food test. (3 marks)

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(d) Account for the results in (c) above. (2 marks)
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(e) Why was it necessary to keep the plant in darkness before the experiment?
(1 mark)
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(f) What is the fate of excess glucose in plants. (2 marks)
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7. The diagram below represents five different types of cells. Identify each cell
and state its function.
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(a) Name of cell A: (1 mark)

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Function. (1 mark)
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(b) Name of cell B. (1 mark)
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Function. (1 mark)
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(c) Name of cell C. (1 mark)
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Function. (1 mark)
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(d) Name of cell D. (1 mark)
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Function. (1 mark)
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(e) Name of cell E. (1 mark)

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Function. (1 mark)
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8. Give reasons why microscopic sections require to be:

(a) Stained. (1 mark)
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(b) Very thin. (1 mark)
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(c) Kept wet during processing. (1 mark)
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9. The figure below shows an electron structure of a plant cell. Use it to answer
the questions that follow.

(a) Name the organelles labelled J, K and L. For each case state the major
function. (6 marks)
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Name of the organelle Function

(a) Name the dark-staining stage structure inside the organelle L. (1 mark)
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(b) Explain how the organelle L is adapted for its functions. (2 marks)
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(c) Name three structures present in this cell that you would not expect to
find in an animal cell. (3 marks)
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10. (a) What is diffusion? (1 mark)
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(b) Name any three processes in living things that depend on diffusion.
(3 marks)
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(c) Explain how the following factors affect the rate of diffusion.
(i) Diffusion gradient. (1 mark)
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(ii) Surface area to volume ration. (1 mark)
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(iii)Temperature. (1 mark)
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11. The diagram below shows the complete classification of lion, wolf, tiger, fruit
fly and red fox.
Taxon Lion Wolf Tiger Fruit fly Red Fox
Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata Anthropoda Chordata
Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Insecta Mammalia
Order Carnivora Carnivora Carnivora Diptera Carnivora
Family Felidae Canidae Felidae Drosophilidae Canidae
Genus Panthera Canis Panthera Drosophila Vulpes
Species leo lupus tigris melanogaster vulpes
(a) Name the organism which is most closely related to the wolf. Explain.
(2 marks)
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(b) Which organism is most distantly related to the wolf? Give your reason.
(2 marks)
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12. The diagram below represents a plant cell organelle:

(a) Name the organelle. (1 mark)

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(b) In which of the labelled parts does carbon (IV) oxide fixation occur.
(1 mark)
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(c) Name the parts labelled A and B and state how each is adapted to its
function. (4 marks)
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(d) Explain what would have happened to the structures labelled X had the
plant been kept in darkness for 48 hours. (2 marks)
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13. Explain how the following factors effects the rate of photosynthesis:
(a) Temperature. (1 mark)
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(b) Concentration of carbon (IV) oxide. (1 mark)
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(c) Light intensity. (1 mark)
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14. The equation below represents a process that takes place in plants.
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
(a) Name the process. (1 mark)
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(b) Name the stages of the process starting where each occurs. (1 mark)
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(c) Name two factors not shown in the diagram in the equation that are
necessary for the process to take place. (2 marks)
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15. Plants cells do not burst when immersed in distilled water while animal cells
will burst. Explain. (3 marks)
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