AS 3786—1993

(Incorporating Amendment Nos 1, 2, 3 and 4)

AS 3786

Australian Standard™

Smoke alarms
This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee FP-002, Automatic Fire
Detection and Alarm Systems. It was approved on behalf of the Council of
Standards Australia on 1 March 1993 and published on 13 April 1993.

The following are represented on Committee FP-002:

Australian Assembly of Fire Authorities
Australian Association of Rural Fire Authorities
Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Australian Chamber of Manufactures
Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association
Australian Fire Protection Association
Australian Uniform Building Regulations Coordinating Council
Civil Aviation Authority
Commonwealth Fire Board
CSIRO, Division of Building, Construction and Engineering
Department of Administrative Services
Federal Bureau of Consumer Affairs
Fire Brigades, New South Wales
Fire Protection Industry Association of Australia
Insurance Council of Australia
Telecom Australia

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This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 92109.

 AS 3786—1993
(Incorporating Amendment Nos 1, 2, 3 and 4)

Australian Standard™

Smoke alarms

First published as AS 3786 — 1990.

Second edition 1993
Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (April 1995)
Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 2 (December 1995)
Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 3 (November 2001)
Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 4 (April 2004)

COPYRIGHT
© Standards Australia International
All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the
publisher.
Published by Standards Australia International Ltd
GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia
ISBN 0 7262 8098 4
AS 3786—1993 10

PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee FP-002, Automatic Fire
Detection and Alarm Systems to supersede AS 3786 — 1990, Self-contained smoke alarms.
This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 (April 1995), Amendment No. 2 (December
1995), Amendment No 3 (November 2001) and Amendment No. 4 (April 2004). The changes
required by the Amendments are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment
number against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected.
Alterations to the previous edition are as follows:
(a) The term ‘self-contained’ has been deleted from the title and in the body of this
Standard in recognition that the scope of this Standard includes externally energized
smoke alarms.
(b) Clauses for new designs and innovations, and interpretations have been added.
 3 AS 3786—1993

CONTENTS

Page

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 APPLICATION ........................................................................................................... 4
1.3 ‘Not applicable’ ........................................................................................................... 4
1.4 INTERPRETATIONS ................................................................................................. 4
1.5 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .................................................................................. 4
1.6 CLASSIFICATION ..................................................................................................... 5
1.7 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 5
1.8 INTERPRETATION OF SPECIFIED LIMITING VALUES ...................................... 6

SECTION 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 POWER SUPPLY........................................................................................................ 7
2.3 BATTERIES AND BATTERY CONNECTIONS ....................................................... 8
2.4 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS.......................................................................... 9
2.5 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION .............................................................................. 9
2.6 MOUNTING FACILITIES........................................................................................ 10
2.7 SENSITIVITY ADJUSTMENTS .............................................................................. 10
2.8 CONNECTING FACILITIES.................................................................................... 10
2.9 ELECTRICAL SAFETY ........................................................................................... 10
2.10 SELF TEST FACILITY............................................................................................. 10
2.11 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS................................................................................. 10
2.12 LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) SOURCE LAMPS............................................. 11
2.13 ‘Not applicable’ ......................................................................................................... 11
2.14 ALARM SILENCING MEANS................................................................................. 11
2.15 ALARM SIGNAL ..................................................................................................... 11

SECTION 3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

3.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 12
3.2 SENSITIVITY........................................................................................................... 12
3.3 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS............................................................................ 12
3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................. 13
3.5 SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL.................................................................................... 14
3.6 STRENGTH OF SCREW THREAD AND FIXINGS................................................ 14

SECTION 4 PRODUCT INFORMATION AND MARKING

4.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 15
4.2 INSTRUCTIONS ...................................................................................................... 16
4.3 PACKAGING............................................................................................................ 16

SECTION 5 ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE

5.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 17
5.2 DOCUMENTATION................................................................................................. 17
5.3 CRITERIA OF ACCEPTANCE AND TEST SCHEDULE ....................................... 17
 AS 3786—1993 4

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard
Smoke alarms

S E C T ION 1 S C OP E AND GE NE RA L

1.1 SCOPE
This Standard specifies requirements for the design and performance of electrically
operated smoke alarms containing both detection and alarm facilities.
This Standard allows, although it does not require, the inclusion within the smoke alarm of
facilities for interconnection with other similar units, or accessories. Where such facilities
are included, this Standard specifies requirements for the connection interface. However,
such an interface is not intended for connection to fire control stations.
This Standard applies to smoke alarms intended for installation within residential
accommodation where connection to fire control stations is not required.

1.2 APPLICATION
A network of interconnected smoke alarms shall not be substituted for installations which
A3
require compliance with AS 1670.1.
The test methods included in this Standard are intended to assess the suitability of smoke
alarms solely for residential applications.

A4 1.3 ‘Not applicable’

1.4 INTERPRETATIONS
Questions concerning the meaning, the application, or effect on any part of this Standard
may be referred to the SA Committee on Automatic Fire Detection and Alarm Systems. The
authority of the committee is limited to matters of interpretations and it will not adjudicate
in disputes.

1.5 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

The following documents are referred to in this Standard:
STANDARDS
AS
1319 Safety signs for the occupational environment
A3 1670 Fire detection, warning, control and intercom systems—System design,
installation and commissioning
1670.1 Part 1: Fire
1670.2 Part 2: Local fire
1670.6 Part 6: Smoke alarms
2362 Automatic fire detection and alarm systems—Methods of test for actuating
devices
2362.4 Method 4: Voltage stability test
2362.5 Method 5: Insulation resistance test

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 5 AS 3786—1993

AS
2362.6 Method 6: Static discharge test
2362.7 Method 7: Static discharge test
2362.8 Method 8: Impulse voltage withstand test
2362.9 Method 9: High frequency disturbance test
2362.10 Method 10: Low temperature test
2362.11 Method 11: Damp heat test
2362.12 Method 12: Dry heat test
2362.13 Method 13: Corrosion test
2362.15 Method 15: Vibration test
2362.17 Method 17: Sensitivity test
2362.18 Method 18: Air velocity stability test
2362.19 Method 19: Dust test
2362.20 Method 20: Overload test
2362.21 Method 21: Endurance test
2362.22 Method 22: Sound pressure level test
2484 Fire — Glossary of terms
A3

2706 Numerical values — Rounding and interpretation of limiting values

3000 SAA Wiring Rules
APPROVAL AND TEST SPECIFICATIONS
AS
3100 General requirements for electrical equipment
ISO
2919 Sealed radioactive sources — Classification
A4 7731 Ergonomics—Danger signals for public and work places; Auditory danger
signals
8201 Acoustics; Audible emergency evacuation signal

1.6 CLASSIFICATION
Smoke alarms shall be classified as internally energized, externally energized, or externally
and internally energized.
Each class of alarm may be either single or multiple station.

1.7 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given in AS 2484 and those below apply.
1.7.1 Alarm signal
An audible signal intended to indicate a fire condition.
1.7.2 Alarm state
The condition of a smoke alarm when it signals a fire condition.
1.7.3 Fault signal
An audible, or audible and visual, signal intended to indicate a fault condition.

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AS 3786—1993 6

1.7.4 Measuring ionization chamber (MIC)

A laboratory instrument used to measure the effect of smoke on the current flow within an
ionization chamber.
NOTE: The MIC readings are relative smoke densities expressed in terms of an ‘X’ value.
The ‘X’ value is given by the equation:

Io − I
X =
Io
where
Io = the no smoke MIC current
I = the current in the presence of smoke
The ‘Y’ value is proportional to the particle density and can be derived from the ‘X’ value using
the equation:
X (2 − X )
Y =
1− X

1.7.5 Multiple station smoke alarm

A smoke alarm with interconnection facilities for common alarm communication, or for
connection to remote units.
1.7.6 Primary power supply
The energy source to which a smoke alarm or accessory is connected to enable operation
under normal conditions such as mains electricity or battery as distinct from a stand-by
power supply.
1.7.7 Sensing assembly
Those parts of the smoke alarm which produce an electrical change in response to changes
in smoke density.
NOTE: In the case of an ionization chamber, the sensing assembly may include a radioactive
source, chamber electrodes, and electrical insulators supporting the electrodes. In the case of
photo-electric types, the sensing assembly may include the light source, the scatter chamber, and
the light sensor.
1.7.8 Sensitivity
The degree of response to the phenomenon being detected, that is, the presence of smoke.
1.7.9 Single station smoke alarm
A smoke alarm not intended to be interconnected to other units for common alarm purposes.
1.7.10 Smoke alarm
A device containing a smoke detector and an alarm sounding device.
1.7.11 Stand-by power supply
The energy source which enables operation of the system in the event of failure of the
primary supply.

1.8 INTERPRETATION OF SPECIFIED LIMITING VALUES

For the purpose of assessing compliance with this Standard, the specified limiting values
herein shall be interpreted in accordance with the ‘rounding method’ described in AS 2706,
that is, the observed or calculated value shall be rounded to the same number of figures as
in the specified limiting value and then compared with the specified limiting value. For
example, for specified limiting values of 2.5, 2.50, and 2.500, the observed or calculated
value would be rounded respectively to the nearest 0.1, 0.01, 0.001.

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 7 AS 3786—1993

S E C T ION 2 G E N E R A L R E QU I R E M E N T S

2.1 GENERAL
The smoke alarm shall be designed to respond reliably to the presence of smoke.
The material, form, and arrangement of components shall be such that it will be practicable
to install and to maintain the smoke alarm in a reliable condition.
The smoke alarm shall be designed to minimize the effect of moisture, dust, insects, or
other foreign materials and the need for maintenance.
The smoke alarm shall be capable of continuous service in temperatures between +5°C and
+45°C.
A1 The smoke alarm shall have a recommended service life of at least 10 years under normal
conditions of use.

2.2 POWER SUPPLY

2.2.1 Primary power supply
The primary power supply of the smoke alarm may be internal or external to the unit
housing.
Where the power source is internal, it shall comply with the following:
(a) Recommended batteries shall be capable of powering the smoke alarm without a fault
signal for at least one year, and allow for routine testing once per month. Compliance
with this requirement shall be determined in accordance with the method agreed
between the manufacturer and the testing authority.
(b) A distinctive battery fault signal shall be given before the battery power level drops
below the point of being able to operate an alarm. The battery fault signal shall be
produced at least once every minute over seven consecutive days after the battery
power level drop.
Compliance with this requirement shall be determined in accordance with the method
agreed between the manufacturer and the test authority.
A1 (c) The smoke alarm shall be capable of producing an alarm signal for at least 4 min, at
the end of the period specified in Clause 2.2.1(b).
Where the primary power source is external, and above extra low voltage (ELV), the unit
shall comply with AS 3100 and its interconnecting wiring shall comply with AS 3000. The
smoke alarm shall have a visual ‘power on’ indicator, such as a steady or pulsing LED to
A3 indicate that the unit is externally energized. Pulsing indicators shall operate at least once
every 60 s.
2.2.2 Stand-by power supply
Where the primary supply is from an external source, a stand-by supply shall be provided to
energize the smoke alarm upon failure of the primary supply. If the stand-by battery is
external, it shall be a rechargeable type. If the stand-by battery is internal and designed to
be replaced by the user, the battery compartment shall be so designed that battery removal
and replacement shall be easily and safely carried out by the user.
A3 Where internal batteries are used, as the stand-by power source for externally powered
smoke alarms, a protection device shall be incorporated in the battery circuit to limit the
charge current for rechargeable batteries, or to prevent a charge current being applied to
non-rechargeable batteries.

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AS 3786—1993 8

A3 Where lithium batteries are used, a current limiting device shall be incorporated in the
battery circuit to ensure that, in the event of failure of the protection device, the current
applied to the battery does not exceed the ‘maximum abnormal charging current’ as
specified for the type of battery used.
The means of achieving the above shall be readily demonstrable to the testing authority.

C2.2.2 An acceptable method of preventing a charge current being inadvertently applied

to non-rechargeable batteries shall be to make the battery non-accessible to the user.

A2 If the stand-by battery is internal and not intended to be replaced by the user, the battery
compartment shall be so designed that battery removal and replacement shall only be
possible with the use of tools.
NOTE: Smoke alarms not intended to be accessed by the user for battery replacement purposes
should carry the words ‘No user serviceable parts inside’ in a position clearly visible prior to
gaining tool access to the compartment containing the battery.
Where the smoke alarm is designed to incorporate rechargeable batteries, they shall be
installed and charged in accordance with the battery manufacturer’s recommendations.
The stand-by power supply shall satisfy the requirement of Clause 2.2.1, Items (a), (b) and
(c), except that the requirements of Clause 2.2.1, Item (a) may be reduced to seven days
A1 and, where the stand-by supply is rechargeable, the requirements of Clause 2.2.1(b) may be
reduced to 3 days.
A1 NOTE: Where the stand-by power supply is external, the requirements of Clause 2.2.1(b) may be
provided by either the smoke alarm or the external power supply unit.

2.3 BATTERIES AND BATTERY CONNECTIONS

2.3.1 General
Where a battery is required, it shall be supplied with the smoke alarm. Batteries shall
comply with the requirements of Clause 2.2.1 and Clause 2.2.2, as appropriate.
2.3.2 Battery location
Batteries shall be located so that the cell terminals will not come in contact with
uninsulated live parts, with terminals of adjacent cells, or with metal parts of the enclosure.
2.3.3 Battery compartment
Components housing replaceable batteries shall be arranged to facilitate battery
replacement without damage to the smoke alarm. Dismantling of any part of the smoke
alarm is not permitted except for a cover or equivalent. Any tools required shall not be of a
special type.
2.3.4 Battery connections
Connection to the terminals of replaceable batteries shall be either a positive snap action or
fixed butt-type connection which exerts a minimum force of 6.6 N to each battery contact.
Battery connections shall be identified with the correct polarity except for those with keyed
connections (such as positive snap action type) that prevent reverse polarity connection.
Polarity markings where required shall be on the unit adjacent to the battery terminals or
leads. Reverse installation of the battery shall not damage the smoke alarm.
2.3.5 Battery leads
Each lead shall have a minimum cross-section area of 0.12 mm 2, and insulation not less
than 0.4 mm thick. Battery leads shall be provided with strain relief.

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 9 AS 3786—1993

2.3.6 Missing battery indication

Where the primary or stand-by supply source of the smoke alarm is a replaceable internal
battery, an indication that the battery has been removed shall be provided.
A1 This indication shall consist of one of the following:
(a) A warning flag that will be exposed with the battery removed and the cover closed.
(b) A hinged cover that cannot be readily closed with the battery removed.
(c) An equivalent arrangement.
The warning flag, hinged cover, or equivalent must be marked with the words —
‘WARNING — Battery removed’
The letter height shall be a minimum of 9 mm. If the marking is of a contrasting colour, the
text height may be a minimum of 3 mm.
A3 2.3.7 Disconnect facility
An internal supply disconnect facility shall be provided for smoke alarms having an internal
supply that is not accessible to the user. A means of indicating the disconnection shall be
provided. (The extinguishment of an indicator shall be considered as meeting this
requirement.)

2.4 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS

2.4.1 Resistance to corrosion
Components shall be either inherently resistant to corrosion or plated, or otherwise treated,
to afford adequate protection against corrosion. Compliance to this requirement shall be
determined in accordance with AS 2362.13.
2.4.2 Resistance to high temperatures
Materials and components shall not be adversely affected at temperatures less than 10°C
above the maximum allowable service temperature specified by the manufacturer of the
smoke alarm. Compliance to this requirement shall be determined during the dry heat test in
accordance with AS 2362.12.

2.5 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

2.5.1 Suitability
The design and construction of a smoke alarm shall be such that the smoke alarm complies
with the performance requirements of Section 3.
2.5.2 Electrical and electronic components
Electrical and electronic components shall withstand the maximum and minimum
temperatures that will occur inside the smoke alarm when subjected to the appropriate tests
specified in Section 3. Equipment design shall ensure that the operating conditions of the
components used shall not exceed the limits specified by the component’s manufacturer.
2.5.3 Mechanical design
The mechanical strength of all smoke alarm parts, including the smoke alarm enclosure and
subassemblies, shall be capable of supporting the weight of components mounted thereon.
The enclosure shall also be sufficiently rigid to prevent any detrimental effects due to
handling in service.

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AS 3786—1993 1
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2.6 MOUNTING FACILITIES

The smoke alarm shall be provided with means for secure mounting, including fasteners
suitable for attachment to a plasterboard ceiling, and shall not be supported by its electrical
wiring.

2.7 SENSITIVITY ADJUSTMENTS

All smoke alarms with sensitivity controls, adjustable in situ, shall be fitted with
appropriate and reliable means of securing the adjustment mechanism. The positions of
maximum and minimum sensitivity shall be clearly indicated.
Any continuously adjustable or step adjustable smoke alarm shall be designed so that the
sensitivity of the smoke alarm cannot be reduced below the minimum level specified in
Clause 3.2.

2.8 CONNECTING FACILITIES

2.8.1 General
The terminations shall be designed so that the conductors connected thereto can be rigidly
and effectively clamped between metal surfaces, or soldered, to ensure that the connection
made will not slacken or overheat under normal conditions of use.
2.8.2 Interconnection facilities
No fault on the interconnection, including reverse connection, open circuit and short circuit,
shall prejudice the operation of any of the individual smoke alarms.

2.9 ELECTRICAL SAFETY

Where the maximum working voltage exceeds extra-low voltage (ELV), the smoke alarm
shall —
(a) comply with the appropriate requirements of AS 3100; and
(b) be provided with a certificate of suitability by an appropriate regulatory authority.

2.10 SELF TEST FACILITY

A test facility shall be provided to either mechanically or electrically simulate the presence
of smoke in the sensing assembly. The test facility shall be accessible without removing the
cover of the unit when installed.

2.11 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS

2.11.1 General
The manufacture or importation, distribution, and disposal of smoke alarms containing a
radioactive source is subject to the safety requirements of the relevant regulatory authority
(generally Department of Health).
2.11.2 Design
The design of smoke alarms containing radioactive sources shall be such that under normal
conditions of use the following apply:
(a) Direct contact with radioactive sources shall not be possible without the use of tools.
(b) The sources shall be sealed in compliance with the relevant requirements of ISO 2919
with a minimum classification of C32222. Their location shall be clearly indicated in
the information supplied to the testing authority.

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 11 AS 3786—1993

(c) The radio-nuclide used shall be—

(i) Americium-241, and the normal activity shall not exceed 37 kBq; or
(ii) if a radio-nuclide other than Americium-241 is used, the quantity used shall be
such that the radiation exposure is not greater than that from the use of 37 kBq
of Americium-241.
Radium-226 shall not be used.
(d) Sources shall not become detached or suffer loss of integrity during any of the tests in
Section 3.

2.12 LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) SOURCE LAMPS

LEDs used as source lamps shall be operated at no more than 75% of their manufacturer’s
maximum ratings.
A3
2.13 ‘Not applicable’

2.14 ALARM SILENCING MEANS

When an alarm signal silencing switch is provided, the ‘silenced’ position shall be indicated
by a readily apparent visual indication, an audible trouble signal, or be automatically reset
after an interval not greater than 15 min.
Alarm signal silencing features that operate by reducing the sensitivity of the smoke alarm
do not need to meet the previous requirements described in this Clause, if the reduced
sensitivity is still within the test limits specified in Table 3.1.

A4 2.15 ALARM SIGNAL

The signal used to indicate the presence of smoke shall comply with ISO 8201 or ISO 7731.

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AS 3786—1993 1
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S E C T ION 3 P E R FOR M ANC E R E QU I R E M E NT S

3.1 GENERAL
This Section sets out the performance requirements for smoke alarms.
Specimen pairs of smoke alarms shall be tested in accordance with the schedule given in
Table 5.1.

A3 3.2 SENSITIVITY
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.17, the smoke alarm shall comply with the
sensitivity range given in Table 3.1. Where the manufacturer’s data permits the smoke
alarm to be mounted in both the horizontal and the vertical planes, the smoke alarm shall be
tested in both planes. Where the smoke alarm has been designed for use when mounted in
one plane only, it shall be tested in that plane.
User adjustable units shall be tested for sensitivity at the manufacturers recommended
normal settings, as well as at the least sensitive and most sensitive settings.
Average results obtained for all smoke alarms from the four tests described in AS 2362.17
shall be within the specified range.
Individual results obtained for each smoke alarm from each of the four tests described in
AS 2362.17 shall be within the specified range.

TABLE 3.1
SENSITIVITY LEVELS FOR SMOKE ALARMS

Smoke alarm type Average sensitivity Individual sensitivity

Photo electric
3 to 20 3 to 30
(Percent obscuration per metre (% Obs/m))
Ionization
0.1 to 0.5 0.1 to 0.6
(MIC ‘X’ value)

3.3 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS

3.3.1 General
Sensitivity measurements obtained following the electrical tests in Clauses 3.3.2 to 3.3.9
shall not exceed the limits specified in Clause 3.2.
3.3.2 Voltage stability
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.4, externally energized smoke alarms shall —
(a) not enter an alarm state for more than 10 s, when the nominal operating voltage is
applied; and
(b) not enter an alarm or fault state between the manufacturer’s maximum and minimum
rated voltages.

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 13 AS 3786—1993

3.3.3 Insulation resistance

3.3.3.1 Pre-corrosion test
When externally energized smoke alarms are tested in accordance with AS 2362.5, the
insulation resistance shall be greater than 10 MΩ immediately after pre-conditioning, at a
temperature of 23 ±2°C at a relative humidity of 50 ±10% for a period of not less than 24 h.
3.3.3.2 Post corrosion test
The post corrosion test shall be conducted in an environment in which the smoke alarm had
been placed, of 23 ±2°C and 50 ±10% relative humidity not less than 24 h nor more than
48 h after completion of the corrosion test. The insulation resistance when tested in
accordance with AS 2362.5 shall not be less than 1 MΩ.
3.3.4 Static discharge
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.6, the smoke alarm shall not enter an alarm state
for more than 10 s after each discharge.
3.3.5 Electromagnetic interference
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.7 at the 1 V/m level, the smoke alarm shall not
enter an alarm or fault state.
3.3.6 Impulse voltage withstand
When externally energized smoke alarms are tested in accordance with AS 2362.8, no
damage shall occur. The smoke alarm shall not enter an alarm state for more than 10 s or
generate a fault signal when subsequently re-energized.
3.3.7 High-frequency disturbance
When externally energized smoke alarms are tested in accordance with AS 2362.9, no
damage shall occur and the smoke alarm shall not enter an alarm state for more than 10 s or
generate a fault signal.
3.3.8 Overload
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.20, smoke alarms with output circuits, other than
those used in interconnections for common alarm purposes, shall be capable of operating in
a normal manner and there shall be no electrical or mechanical failure of the switching
circuit.
3.3.9 Endurance
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.21, the smoke alarm shall be capable of operating
in a normal manner.

3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

3.4.1 General
Sensitivity measurements obtained following the environmental tests below shall not
exceed the limits specified in Clause 3.2.
3.4.2 Low temperature
When tested in an environment with a temperature of 0°C in accordance with AS 2362.10,
the smoke alarm shall not generate a fault signal nor enter an alarm state during the test.
3.4.3 Damp heat
When tested in an environment with a temperature of 40 ±2°C and 92 ±3% relative
humidity in accordance with AS 2362.11, the smoke alarm shall not generate a fault signal
nor enter an alarm state during the test.

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AS 3786—1993 1
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3.4.4 Dry heat

When tested in an environment with a temperature of 10 K higher than the manufacturer’s
maximum working temperature or 55°C whichever is the greater in accordance with
AS 2362.12, the smoke alarm shall not generate a fault signal nor enter an alarm state
during the test.
3.4.5 Vibration
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.15, the smoke alarm shall not generate a fault
signal nor enter an alarm state during the whole of the test.
3.4.6 Corrosion
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.13, the smoke alarm shall comply with the
requirements of the insulation resistance test specified in Clause 3.3.3 and shall function
normally and be capable of undergoing the subsequent tests specified in Table 5.1.
3.4.7 Air velocity stability
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.18, at an air velocity of 2.5 m/s, the smoke alarm
shall not generate a fault signal nor enter an alarm state. Photoelectric type detectors are not
required to be subjected to this test.
3.4.8 Dust
When tested in accordance with AS 2362.19, the sensitivity of the smoke alarm shall not be
reduced below its lower limit without an alarm state or fault signal being generated.

3.5 SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL

When tested in accordance with AS 2362.22, the smoke alarm shall provide a sound level
output of not less than 85 dB(A) for 1 min, and not less than 82 dB(A) after 4 min of
A4
continuous alarm when measured at a distance of 3 m during the ‘on’ phases of the signal.
Externally energized smoke alarms shall be tested with the primary energy supply
connected and then disconnected.

3.6 STRENGTH OF SCREW THREAD AND FIXINGS

Screws used for electrical connections and servicing shall comply with the torque test
requirements given in AS 3100. During this test, the threads of the screwed component and
its fixing shall not strip, and the insulating material shall not crack. There shall be no other
failure which would render the screwed component non-reusable.

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 15 AS 3786—1993

S E C T ION 4 P R ODUC T INFORM AT ION AND

M AR K I N G

4.1 GENERAL
The marking shall be in a contrasting colour or finish, unless otherwise specified. Markings
shall be at least 1.2 mm high, unless otherwise specified. Smoke alarms shall be
permanently marked with the following readily identifiable information:
(a) Unique identifying name, or trade mark.
(b) Model number.
(c) Serial or batch number.
(d) Year of manufacture which may be coded into the serial or batch number.
(e) Electrical rating in volts (maximum and minimum), amps (or watts), and frequency.
NOTE: This information is not required where the alarm is not designed to be powered from
an external source.
(f) Identification of recommended batteries (including unique identifying name or trade
mark or part/model number if special batteries are required), located adjacent to, or
within the battery compartment. More than one battery model shall be nominated.
(g) For a battery-operated smoke alarm, the following notice, or equivalent, shall be
included on the smoke alarm:
A3 CAUTION: USE ONLY SPECIFIED BATTERIES. THE USE OF DIFFERENT BATTERIES
MAY HAVE A DETRIMENTAL EFFECT ON OPERATION OR MAY CAUSE THE
BATTERY TO EXPLODE RESULTING IN INJURY OR FIRE.
The letter height shall be a minimum of 3 mm for the word CAUTION.
(h) A notice on the outer surface of the enclosure: DO NOT PAINT.
The letters shall be not less than 3 mm high, and so placed as to be plainly visible
after the smoke alarm is installed.
(i) Where the smoke alarm contains radioactive material, it shall be labelled with the
A1 following on, or permanently attached to, the ionization chamber (if the chamber is
concealed from normal access, duplicate labelling shall be required outside the smoke
alarm):
(i) The words ‘ WARNING—RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL’ or equivalent.
(ii) The radiation warning (trefoil) symbol (black on yellow, see AS 1319).
(iii) The type and activity of the enclosed radio-nuclide.
A4
(iv) ‘Not applicable’
(v) The name and address of supplier.
(j) Any adjustable smoke alarm shall be marked with the maximum and minimum
sensitivity (see Clause 2.7).
NOTE: Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with this Australian Standard on a
product, packaging or promotional material related to that product are advised to ensure that
such compliance is capable of being verified.

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AS 3786—1993 1
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A2 (k) If the primary power source is disconnected in the process of replacing the user
replaceable stand-by power source, by removal or part removal of the smoke alarm
from its mounting system, a warning label shall be revealed which shall carry the
words ‘ WARNING—INOPERATIVE UNTIL RE-INSTALLED’ in 5 mm high letters in
white on a red background.

4.2 INSTRUCTIONS
Each smoke alarm shall be provided with installation instructions which shall include the
following:
(a) Drawings of typical installation layouts for the smoke alarm indicating recommended
locations. Typical locations where installation is not recommended shall also be
included and clearly labelled as such. Information on correct mounting orientation
and warnings of a decrease in operational effectiveness resulting from incorrect
orientation.
(b) For externally energized smoke alarms intended for direct connection to an electrical
circuit to operate above ELV, a notice to the effect that the unit requires installation
by a licensed electrical contractor.
(c) Interconnection instructions where applicable.
(d) The operation, testing, and maintenance procedures.
(e) Replacement parts, such as lamps or batteries, shall be identified in the instructions
by a part number, manufacturer’s model number, or equivalent, and information on
where to obtain the part in Australia.
(f) For a smoke alarm containing radioactive material, a warning against tampering with
the sealed source.
(g) Information on the alarm and fault signals, and an indication as to where false alarms
or fault signals would be anticipated.
(h) Advice that the device not be installed in locations where the normal ambient
temperature is lower than 5°C or higher than 45°C, unless the smoke alarm has been
certified for installation at such ambient temperatures.
(i) Where a battery is used as a stand-by power supply, the recommended periodic
battery replacement interval. Where an internal re-chargeable battery is used, the
expected life of the battery shall be specified.
(j) Where the smoke alarm contains a radioactive source, information about the source
and instructions on how to return the smoke alarm to the supplier or to the
Department of Health. Warning shall also be given that alternative disposal is not
permitted.
A1 (k) Information on tests or inspection required to be carried out on a periodic basis
(normally monthly).

4.3 PACKAGING
4.3.1
The outside of the package shall be clearly and conspicuously marked in such a fashion that
the intending purchaser inspecting the package should be immediately alerted to the fact
that the smoke alarm contains radioactive material. The words ‘This device contains a small
quantity of radioactive material’ and the radiation warning (trefoil) symbol shall be used.
The radio-nuclide and activity shall be listed.
4.3.2
Where the marking and information requirements of Clause 4.3.1 can be clearly seen
through the packaging, the marking on the packaging is not required.

© Standards Australia www.standards.com.au

 17 AS 3786—1993

S E C T ION 5 AS S E S S M EN T O F C OM P L I A N C E

5.1 GENERAL
Smoke alarms shall be assessed for compliance with this Standard in accordance with this
Section.

5.2 DOCUMENTATION
The information specified in Section 4, and any other documentation as required by the
testing authority, shall be submitted by the manufacturer or his/her agent as part of the
submission for approval testing.

5.3 CRITERIA OF ACCEPTANCE AND TEST SCHEDULE

The smoke alarm shall be assessed for compliance with Sections 2 and 4, and be tested in
accordance with Table 5.1, and satisfy the performance requirements of Section 3.

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AS 3786—1993 1
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A3 TABLE 5.1
TEST SCHEDULE FOR SMOKE ALARMS

Specimen pairs Standard

Order Characteristics Clause
1 2 3 4 5 AS

1 Sensitivity (horizontal and vertical)* 3.2 / / / / / 2362.17

2 Voltage stability†‡ 3.3.2 / 2362.4
3 Insulation resistance 3.3.3 / 2362.5
4 Static discharge† 3.3.4 / 2362.6
5 Electromagnetic interference† 3.3.5 / 2362.7
6 Impulse voltage†‡ 3.3.6 / 2362.8
7 High-frequency disturbance†‡ 3.3.7 / 2362.9
8 Overload†‡ 3.3.8 / 2362.20
9 Endurance† 3.3.9 / 2362.21
10 Low temperature 3.4.2 / 2362.10
11 Damp heat 3.4.3 / 2362.11
12 Dry heat 3.4.4 / 2362.12
13 Vibration 3.4.5 / 2362.15
14 Corrosion 3.4.6 / 2362.13
15 Air velocity 3.4.7 / 2362.18
16 Dust 3.4.8 / 2362.19
17 Sound pressure level 3.5 / / 2362.22
18 Screw thread strength†‡ 3.6 / 3100
19 Insulation resistance 3.3.3 / 2362.5
20 Sensitivity (horizontal and vertical)* 3.2 / / / / / 2362.17
21 Assess for compliance with Section 2† — 3786
22 Assess of documentation† Section 4 3786

LEGEND:
/ Indicates test required for each test pair.
* Indicates test only as required.
† These tests may be carried out at any time in the sequence.
‡ Indicates tests that do not apply to smoke alarms that exclude external connections.

© Standards Australia www.standards.com.au

 19 AS 3786—1993

AMENDMENT CONTROL SHEET

AS 3786 — 1993

Amendment No. 1 (1995)

REVISED TEXT

The 1993 edition of AS 3786 is amended as follows:

SUMMARY: This Amendment applies to Clauses 2.1, 2.2, 2.2.1(c), 2.2.2, 2.3.6, 4.1(i) and 4.2(k).

Published on 5 April 1995.

Amendment No. 2 (1995)

REVISED TEXT

SUMMARY: This amendment applies to Clauses 2.2.2 and 4.1(k).

Published on 5 December 1995.

Amendment No. 3 (2001)

REVISED TEXT

SUMMARY: This amendment applies to Clauses 1.2, 1.5, 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.3.7, 2.13, 3.2, 4.1(g), and Table 5.1.

Published on 9 November 2001.

Amendment No. 4 (2004)

REVISED TEXT

SUMMARY: This Amendment applies to Clauses 1.3, 1.5, 2.15 (new) and 4.1(i)(iv).

Published on 22 April 2004.

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