In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).

Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

 Chapter-01 Real Numbers

Q01. Assertion (A) : The perimeter of ABC is a rational number.
Reason (R) : The sum of the squares of two rational numbers is
always rational.

Q02. Assertion (A) : The number 5n cannot end with the digit 0, where n is a natural number.
Reason (R) : Prime factorisation of 5 has only two factors, 1 and 5.
Q03. Assertion (A) : 2 (5  2) is an irrational number.
Reason (R) : Product of two irrational numbers is always irrational.
Q04. Assertion (A) : The HCF of two numbers is 5 and their product is 150. Then their LCM is 40.
Reason (R) : For any two positive integers a and b, HCF(a , b)  LCM(a , b)  a  b.

 Chapter-02 Polynomials
Q01. Assertion (A) : The polynomial p(x)  x 2  3x  3 has two real zeroes.
Reason (R) : A quadratic polynomial can have at most two real zeroes.
Q02. Assertion (A) : Polynomial x 2  4x has two real zeroes.
Reason (R) : Zeroes of the polynomial x 2  ax (a  0) are 0 and a.
Q03. Assertion (A) : If one zero of the quadratic polynomial 4x 2  10x  (k  4) is reciprocal of the
other, then value of k is 8.
Reason (R) : Zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2  2x  1 are real and equal.
Q04. Assertion (A) : If 5  7 and 5  7 are zeroes of a quadratic polynomial, then the polynomial
is given by x 2  10x  18 .
Reason (R) : If  and  are the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial, then the polynomial is given
by x 2  (   )x    .

 Chapter-03 Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

Q01. Assertion (A) : The system of linear equations 3x  5y  4  0 and 15x  25y  25  0 is
inconsistent.

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 1

 Competency Focused Questions By O.P. GUPTA (Indira Award Winner)

Reason (R) : The pair of linear equations given by a1x  b1 y  c1  0 and a 2 x  b 2 y  c 2  0 is

a b c
inconsistent if 1  1  1 .
a 2 b 2 c2
Q02. Assertion (A) : Point P(0, 2) is the point of intersection of y-axis with the line 3x  2y  4 .
Reason (R) : The distance of point P(0, 2) from x-axis is 2 units.
Q03. Assertion (A) : The pair of linear equations 5x  2y  6  0 and 7x  6y  18  0 have infinitely
many solutions.
Reason (R) : The pair of linear equations given by a1x  b1 y  c1  0 and a 2 x  b 2 y  c 2  0
a b c
have infinitely many solutions, if 1  1  1 .
a 2 b2 c2
Q04. Assertion (A) : The two lines given by 2x  3y  7 and 4x  6y  14 intersect at infinite points.
a1 b1 c1
Reason (R) : When   , then the system of linear equations a1x  b1 y  c1  0 and
a 2 b2 c2
a 2 x  b 2 y  c 2  0 has infinite no. of solutions.

 Chapter-04 Quadratic Equations

Q01. Assertion (A) : Equation 2x 2  3x  4  0 has no real roots.
Reason (R) : When discriminant of a quadratic equation is zero, then the equation has real and
distinct roots.
Q02. Assertion (A) : If one root of the quadratic equation 4x 2  10x  (k  4)  0 is reciprocal of the
other, then value of k is 8.
Reason (R) : Roots of the quadratic equation x 2  x  1  0 are real.
Q03. Assertion (A) : If 5  7 is a root of a quadratic equation with rational coefficients, then its
other root is 5  7 .
Reason (R) : Surd roots of a quadratic equation with rational coefficients occur in conjugate
pairs.
Q04. Assertion (A) : The equation x 2  6x  9  0 has real and equal roots.
Reason (R) : When discriminant b 2  4ac of a quadratic equation ax 2  bx  c  0; a  0 is
zero, then the equation has real and equal roots.

 Chapter-05 Arithmetic Progression

Q01. Assertion (A) : a, b, c are in A.P. if and only if 2b  a  c .
Reason (R) : The sum of first n odd natural numbers is n 2 .
Q02. Assertion (A) : Common difference of the A.P. 5, 1, –3, –7, … is 4.
Reason (R) : Common difference of the A.P. a1 , a 2 , a 3 , ..., a n is obtained by d  a n  a n 1 .
5 5
Q03. Assertion (A) : 5,  , 0, , ... is in arithmetic progression.
2 2
Reason (R) : The terms of an Arithmetic Progression cannot have both positive and negative
rational numbers.
Q04. Assertion (A) : Sum of n terms of an AP is always a quadratic polynomial.
Reason (R) : General term of an AP is always a quadratic polynomial.

 Chapter-06 Triangles
Q01. Assertion (A) : If two triangles are similar, their corresponding angles are equal.

2 MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics

 theopgupta.com MATHMISSION FOR X

Reason (R) : Any two equilateral triangles are always similar.

Q02. Assertion (A) : If 1 ~  2 and  2 ~ 3 , then 1 ~ 3 .
Reason (R) : If one polygon is similar to another polygon and this second polygon is similar
to a third polygon, then the first polygon is similar to the third polygon.
Q03. Assertion (A) : If two triangles are similar, their corresponding medians are in the same ratio as
their corresponding sides.
Reason (R) : Similar triangles have corresponding sides that are proportional.
Q04. Assertion (A) : All circles are similar.
Reason (R) : All squares are congruent.

 Chapter-07 Coordinate Geometry

Q01. Assertion (A) : The point (0, 4) lies on y-axis.
Reason (R) : The x-coordinate of a point, lying on y-axis, is zero.
Q02. Assertion (A) : If the points A(4, 3) and B(x, 5) lie on a circle with centre O(2, 3), then the
value of x is 2.
Reason (R) : Centre of a circle is the mid-point of each chord of the circle.
Q03. Assertion (A) : Mid-point of a line segment divides the line segment in the ratio 1:1.
Reason (R) : The ratio in which the point (–3, k) divides the line segment joining the points
(5, 4) and (–2, 3) is 1:2.
Q04. Assertion (A) : The point which divides the line segment joining the points A(1, 2) and B(–1, 1)
 1 5
internally in the ratio 1:2 is   ,  .
 3 3
Reason (R) : The coordinates of the point which divides the line segment joining the points
 m x  m 2 x1 m1 y 2  m 2 y1 
A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x 2 , y 2 ) in the ratio m1 : m 2 are  1 2 , .
 m1  m 2 m1  m 2 

 Chapter-08 Introduction to Trigonometry

Q01. Assertion (A) : For 0o    90o , cosec   cot  and cosec   cot  are the reciprocal of each
other.
Reason (R) : cot 2   cosec 2   1 .
1 2 2
Q02. Assertion (A) : If sin A  , (0o  A  90o ) , then the value of cos A is .
3 3
Reason (R) : For every angle , sin 2   cos 2   1 .
1 1
Q03. Assertion (A) : Maximum value of  is 1 .
sec  cosec 
Reason (R) : Maximum value of both sin  and cos  is 1 .
21
Q04. Assertion (A) : Value of sin θ can never be .
22
Reason (R) : Maximum value of sin θ is 1.
22
Q05. Assertion (A) : Value of cos θ can never be .
21
Reason (R) : Maximum value of cos θ is 1.
Q06. Assertion (A) : Value of tan 60o is less than the value of tan 45o .
Reason (R) : When 0o    90o , the value of tan θ increases as θ increases.
1 1
Q07. Assertion (A) : If sin x  , then the value of cos 2x is also .
2 2
MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 3
 Competency Focused Questions By O.P. GUPTA (Indira Award Winner)

Reason (R) : If tan y  1 , then y  45o .

 Chapter-09 Applications of Trigonometry

Q01. Refer the diagram shown below.

Assertion (A) : Angle of elevation is 30o .

Reason (R) : An angle of elevation is the angle
formed between the line of sight and the horizontal
line when looking upward from a point.

Q02. Refer the diagram shown below.

Assertion (A) : Angle of depression is 60o .

Reason (R) : The angle of depression is the angle
formed between the line of sight and the horizontal
line when looking downward from a point.

 Chapter-10 Circles
Q01. Assertion (A) : A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.
Reason (R) : The lengths of tangents drawn from the external point to a circle are equal.
Q02. Assertion (A) : The tangents drawn at the end points of a diameter of a circle, are parallel.
Reason (R) : Diameter of a circle is the longest chord.
Q03.

Assertion (A) : If the PA and PB are tangents drawn to a circle with centre O from an external
point P, then the quadrilateral OAPB is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Reason (R) : In a cyclic quadrilateral, opposite angles are equal.

 Chapter-11 Areas Related to Circles

Q01. Assertion (A) : The area of the sector of a circle of radius 14 cm and central angle 90o is
154 cm 2 .

Reason (R) : The area of the sector of a circle of radius r and central angle  is  r 2  .
360
Q02. Assertion (A) : If the circumference of a circle is 176 cm, then its radius is 28 cm.
Reason (R) : Circumference  2 radius of a circle .

4 MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics

 theopgupta.com MATHMISSION FOR X

Q03. Assertion (A) : The length of the minute hand of a clock is 7 cm. Then the area swept by minute
53
hand in 5 minute is cm 2 .
6
θ
Reason (R) : The length of an arc of a sector of angle and radius r is given by l  ×2π r .
360o
Q04. Assertion (A) : In a circle of radius 6 cm, the angle of a sector 60o . Then the area of the sector
6
is 18 cm 2 .
7
Reason (R) : Area of the circle with radius r is  r 2 .

 Chapter-12 Surface Areas and Volumes

Q01. Assertion (A) : The surface area of largest sphere that can be inscribed in a hollow cube of side
‘a’ cm is  a 2 cm 2 .
4
Reason (R) : The surface area of a sphere of radius ‘r’ is  r 3 .
3
Q02. Assertion (A) : The diameter of a sphere, whose surface area is 616 cm 2 , is 7 cm.
Reason (R) : The surface area of a sphere of radius r is 4  r 2 .
Q03. Assertion (A) : Two cubes each of edge length 10 cm are joined together. The total surface area
of newly formed cuboid is 1200 cm 2 .
Reason (R) : Area of each surface of a cube of side 10 cm is 100 cm 2 .

Q04. Assertion (A) : Total surface area of the top is the sum of curved surface
area of the hemisphere and the curved surface area of the cone.

Reason (R) : Top is obtained by fixing the plane surface of the hemisphere and cone together.

 Chapter-13 Statistics
Q01. Assertion (A) : If the Mean and the Median of a distribution are 169 and 170 respectively, then
its Mode is 172.
Reason (R) : The relation between Mean, Median and Mode is Mode  3Median  2 Mean .
Q02. Assertion (A) : Mean is the average of all the observations.
Reason (R) : If each observation is increased by 10, mean will also be increased by 10.

 Chapter-14 Probability
Q01. Assertion (A) : Two players, Sania and Ashnam play a tennis match. The probability of Sania
winning the match is 0.79 and that of Ashnam winning the match is 0.21.
Reason (R) : The sum of probabilities of two complementary events is 1.
1
Q02. Assertion (A) : A fair die is thrown once. The probability of getting a prime number is .
2
Reason (R) : A natural number is a prime number if it has only two factors.
2
Q03. Assertion (A) : The probability of getting a prime number, when a die is thrown once, is .
3
Reason (R) : On the faces of a die, prime numbers are 2, 3, and 5.
1
Q04. Assertion (A) : When two coins are tossed together, the probability of getting no tail is .
4

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 5

 Competency Focused Questions By O.P. GUPTA (Indira Award Winner)

Reason (R) : The probability P(E) of an event E satisfies 0  P(E)  1 .

2
Q05. Assertion (A) : The probability that a leap year has 53 Sundays is .
7
1
Reason (R) : The probability that a non-leap year has 53 Sundays is .
7
Q06. Assertion (A) : The probability of randomly drawing a card with an even number from a box
1
containing cards numbered 1 to 100 is .
2
Number of favourable outcomes
Reason (R) : P(event)  .
Total number of possible outcomes

Please Scan the QR-Code

to access video lectures of
class 10 Maths to help in
your preparation!

#WE-ARE-ON-MISSION
MATHMISSION FOR X (2024-25)
For CBSE Exams  Maths (Standard & Basic)
By O.P. Gupta (Indira Award Winner)
 Detailed Theory with Examples
 Subjective type Questions (Chapter-wise : 2, 3 & 5 Markers)
 H.O.T.S. Questions
 COMPETENCY FOCUSED QUESTIONS
 Multiple Choices Questions (Chapter-wise)
 Assertion-Reason (A-R) Questions (Chapter-wise)
 Case Study & Passage-based Questions (Chapter-wise)
 ANSWERS of all Questions

 This FREE PDF is being shared to HELP teachers and students of class X.
We’ve added over 830 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) in our MATHMISSION FOR X
Book by O.P. GUPTA.
 MATHMISSION Books for Classes XII & XI are also available!
 You can buy our books on Amazon / Flipkart or, message us on WhatsApp @ +919650350480.

For Bulk order related queries at Discounted Price, ,

Please contact by WhatsApp @ +91 9650350480 (only message) )
6 MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics
 theopgupta
.com

MATHEMATICIA
BY O.P. GUPTA
...a name you can bank upon!

Feel Safe to Share this Document with other math scholars

CLICK NOW FREE PDF TESTS AND

TO
ASSIGNMENTS OF THE
or, just type - CLASSES XII, XI & X
theopgupta.com

To get FREE PDF Materials, join

WhatsApp Teachers Group
by Clicking on the Logo
If you are a Student, then you may
join our Students Group

You can add our WhatsApp no. +919650350480 to your Groups also

Buy our
books on
/theopgupta /theopgupta /theopgupta /@theopgupta

For Bulk Orders of our Books at Discounted Price, contact on +91-9650350480