Daf List in Python

List in Python
Dr.M.Aniji
Data Structures in Python
Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries and Data

Frames are the important data
structures available in Python.
All of them are often used now for
analyzing data.
Lists
 A list is an ordered sequence of comma-separated values of

any data type.
 The values in a list are written between square brackets. A
value in a list can be accessed by specifying its position in the
list.
 The position is known as index.
 Here is an example.
 list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
list1 [0]
1
Mutable
The lists are mutable. This means that the

elements of a list can be changed at a later
stage, if necessary.
list2 = [10, 12, 14, 18, 30, 47]
list2[0] = 20
list2
[20, 12, 14, 18, 30, 47]
Index of list
 Each element of a List can be accessed via an index, as we have seen

above.
 The elements in a List are indexed from 0. Backward indexing from –1 is also
valid.
 L[0] is “Michael Jackson”
 L[1] is 10.1
 L[2] is 2018
 L[–1] is 2018
 L[–2] is 10.1
 L[–3] is “Michael Jackson”
 L[1:3] will provide the list [10.1, 2018]
Syntax
 A list can be created by using the list( ) function, as shown below:

 list3 = list (<sequence>)
 Here, the sequence shall be a list or string or tuple. Examples:
 list4 = list (“hello”)
 list4
 [‘h’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘o’]
 list5 = list ((‘p’, ‘y’, ‘t’, ‘h’, ‘o’, ‘n’)) # Tuple
 list5
 [‘p’, ‘y’, ‘t’, ‘h’, ‘o’, ‘n’]
Reading in the elements of a List
through the keyboard
 We can use the list( ) method to read in the elements of a list
through the keyboard, as
 shown below:
 list6 = list (input(“Enter the elements of the List: “))
 Enter the elements of the List: 1 2 3 4 5
 list6
 [‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’]
 the integers that we have entered as input are represented as
strings
Eval()
 to enter a list of integers or fractional values through the

keyboard, we have to use the eval( ) method,
 marks = list(eval(input (“Enter marks obtained in 3 Maths,
Physics, Chemistry:”)))
Enter marks obtained in Maths, Physics, Chemistry: [92, 74, 83]
 percentage = list(eval(input(“Enter percentage marks: “)))
Enter percentage marks: [92.0, 74.0, 83.0]
List Operations
 joining lists,
replicating lists
slicing lists
Joining Two Lists
 Joining two lists is very easy just like you perform addition
literally. The concentration
 operator +, when used with two Lists, joins the two Lists.
Here is an example:
list7 = [1, 2, 4]
list8 = [5, 7, 8]
list7 + list8
[1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8]
Replicating (i.e. Repeating) Lists
As in the case of Strings, you can use the *

operator to replicate a List for a specified
number of times.
Example:
list7 * 3
[1, 2, 4, 1, 2, 4, 1, 2, 4]
Slicing the Lists
 As in the case of Strings, a List Slice is a part of a List, that is extracted

out of it.
 Example:
list8 = [10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50]
seq1 = list8[3:6]
seq1
[25, 30, 35]
 Note that the slice of a list contains the elements falling between
the indices 3 and 6, not including 6 (i.e., it contains the elements at
the positions 3, 4, and 5).
 Recall what you have learnt about the negative indexing.
 In the above example, the negative index of the element 50
is –1 and the negative index of 40 is –3.
 So, the above List Slice shall also be obtained as shown
below:
list9 = [10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50]
seq2 = list9 [3 : –3]
seq2
[25, 30, 35]
List Methods- index() method
 Python offers many built-in functions and methods for

performing List manipulations.
1. The index( ) method returns the index of the first
matched item from the list.
 Example:
list10 = [13, 18, 11, 16, 18, 14]
list10.index(18)
1
append( ) method
 2. The append( ) method adds a value to the end of the

List.
 Example:
colors = [‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’]
colors.append (‘yellow’)
colors
[‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘yellow’]
extend() method
 While the append( ) method adds just one element to the List, the
extend( ) method can add multiple elements to a List.
t1 = [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’]
t2 = [‘d’, ‘e’]
t1.extend (t2)
t1
[‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘e’]
t2
[‘d’, ‘e’]
insert( ) method
 While the append( ) method and the extend( ) method

insert the element(s) at the end of the List, the insert( )
method inserts an element somewhere in between or
any position of your choice.
 Example:
t1 = [‘a’, ‘e’, ‘u’]
t1.insert (2, ‘i’)
t1
[‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘u’]
pop( ) method
 The pop( ) method removes an element from a given position in the List
and returns it. If no index is specified, this method removes and returns the
last item in the List.
 Example:
t2 = [‘k’, ‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘u’]
ele1 = t2.pop()
ele1
‘k’
t2
[‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘u’]
ele2 = t2.pop( )
ele2
‘u’
t2
[‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘p’, ‘q’]
remove( ) method
 The pop( ) method removes an element whose position is given. But, what
if you know the value of the element to be removed, but you don’t know its
index (i.e. position) in the List.
 Python provides the remove( ) method for this purpose. This method
removes the first occurrence of given item from the List.
Example:
 t3 = [‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘a’, ‘q’, ‘p’]
 t3.remove (‘q’)
 t3
 [‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’,’p’, ‘a’, ‘q’, ‘p’]
clear( ) method
 The clear( ) method removes all the items from the given List. The List
becomes an empty List after this method is applied to it.
 Example:
t4 = [2, 4, 5, 7]
t4.clear( )
t4
[]
count( ) method
 The count( ) method returns the number of times given

item occurs in the List.
 Example:
t5 = [13, 18, 20, 10, 18, 23]
t5.count (18)
2
reverse( ) method
 The reverse( ) method just reverses the items in a List. It

does not return anything.
 Example:
t6 = [‘e’, ‘i’, ‘q’, ‘a’, ‘q’, ‘p’]
t6.reverse ( )
t6
[‘p’, ‘q’, ‘a’, ‘q’, ‘i’, ‘e’]
sort( ) method
 The sort( ) method sorts the items in a List in the ascending order by default. It
does not return anything. If we want this method to sort the items in the
descending order, we have to include the argument reverse = True.
 Example:
t7 = [‘e’, ‘i’, ‘q’, ‘a’, ‘q’, ‘p’]
t7.sort( )
t7
[‘a’, ‘e’, ‘i’, ‘p’, ‘q’, ‘q’]
t7.sort (reverse = True)
t7
[‘q’, ‘q’, ‘p’, ‘i’, ‘e’, ‘a’]

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List in Python

Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries and Data

 A list is an ordered sequence of comma-separated values of

The lists are mutable. This means that the

 Each element of a List can be accessed via an index, as we have seen

 A list can be created by using the list( ) function, as shown below:

 to enter a list of integers or fractional values through the

As in the case of Strings, you can use the *

 As in the case of Strings, a List Slice is a part of a List, that is extracted

 Python offers many built-in functions and methods for

 2. The append( ) method adds a value to the end of the

 While the append( ) method and the extend( ) method

 The count( ) method returns the number of times given

 The reverse( ) method just reverses the items in a List. It

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