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ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

RISK FACTORS AMONG NURSING STAFFS OF A GOVERNMENT MEDICAL
COLLEGE HOSPITAL IN EASTERN INDIA

Article in International Journal of Scientific Research · August 2024

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 ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Volume-7 | Issue-4 | April-2018 | PRINT ISSN No 2277 - 8179

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS AMONG NURSING

STAFFS OF A GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL IN EASTERN INDIA

Medicine
Dr. Abhishek Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine & JNM Hospital, Kalyani, West
Ghosh* Bengal* Corresponding Author
3rd Prfessional part 2 MBBS student, College of Medicine & JNM Hospital, Kalyani, West
Suparna Kumar Bengal
ABSTRACT
Background- Cardiovascular disease is recognized as the leading cause of morbidity, mortality. The known risk factors are advanced age, obesity,
high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus. Due to shift work, nursing staffs are at increased risk of having these risk factors.
Methods- It was a cross sectional study involving 102 female nursing staffs in a government Medical college hospital in Westbengal. Following
parameters were measured- Age, Family history, Body weight, Drug history, Blood pressure,Random blood sugar, Total cholesterol, LDL
Cholesterol, HDL cholesterol,Triglyceride.
Results- Our study revealed strong correlation between body weight and mean BP, random blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride level, strong
correlation between blood sugar and total and LDL cholesterol level. Mean BP is significantly correlated with cholesterol level.
Conclusions- Prevalence of dyslipidemia among nursing staffs is more than the general population. Being shift worker,due to increased
dyslipidemia prevalence,they have higher chance of developing cardiovascular disease early.
KEYWORDS
Nurses, Dyslipidemia, mean Blood pressure, random blood sugar

Introduction JNM Hospital, Kalyani

Worldwide, Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is recognized as the Study population: female nursing staffs who will give consent to
leading cause of morbidity, mortality and disability. It is predicted that participate in this study.
by 2020, globally the CVD would be the most leading cause of
mortality and morbidity over infectious diseases.1 In 2008, a study Study area: college of medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani
from India reported that India alone is burdened with approximately Study duration: May 2017 to July 2017
25% of cardiovascular-related deaths and would cater to more than
50% of the patients with heart ailments worldwide within next 15 Objectives of the study:
years.2 The seriousness of CVD in India is that, most of the CVD 1. To assess prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus,
sufferers are to be in their productive age which may potentially gives a dyslipidemia among female nursing staffs of college of medicine
huge socioeconomic burden on country. In 2005, Reddy et al. reported and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia.
that India has incurred the highest loss in productive years of life 2. To find correlation of body weight with mean BP, blood sugar,
worldwide. 3 cholesterol and triglyceride level.
3. To assess correlation of mean BP with blood sugar and
The known existing CVD risk factors, including advanced age, cholesterol level.
obesity, tobacco use, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure,
diabetes mellitus. 4,5 In health care sector, chemical exposure, After explaining the need and methods of the study and after getting
radiation, injuries from needle sticks, and musculoskeletal disorders the clearance from institutional ethics committtee, female nursing
are well-known occupation-related health hazards among the nursing staffs working in different department of this institute, were given the
staff. 6 However recently nursing staff are at high psychological stress informed consent form. Those who agreed to sign the informed
due to workload, duty schedule, job satisfaction and other work related consent form, they were included in the study.
factors which may increase the risk of CVD among them which is still
not clear. Following data are recorded in the case record form.
1. Age
A cross sectional study was conducted in nursing staff working in 2. Family history
tertiary health care centre located in rural area of Satara of 3. Body weight
Maharashtra, India in the month of February 2013.7 Prevalence of risk 4. Drug history-
factors of CVD like overweight, hypertension (HTN), diabetes (DM)
5. Blood pressure (in mm of Hg)-
and hypercholesterolemia is 16.90%, 13.52%, 10.62% and 21.73%
6. Random blood sugar-
respectively. The prevalence of HTN, DM and hypercholesterolemia
was significantly higher in married nurses. 7. Total cholesterol
8. LDL Cholesterol-
The present study aimed to evaluate of the health status of nursing staff 9. HDL cholesterol-
from tertiary health care centre in west Bengal to address the risk 10. Triglyceride
factors of CVD.
Parameters of Evaluation
Methodology 1. Prevalence of hypertension (SBP>140 or DBP>90 mm of Hg)
Study type: observational cross sectional study 2. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (random blood sugar> 200 mg/dl)
Target population: female nursing staffs in college of medicine and 3. Prevalence of dyslipidemia (LDL>100 mg/dl, HDL<50 mg/dl,
JNM Hospital, Kalyani TG> 150 mg/dl)
Study population: female nursing staffs who will give consent to
participate in this study. Plan of data analysis and statistics: prevalence of hypertension,
Study area: college of medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia among nursing staffs were
Study duration: May 2017 to July 2017 calculated in percentage. Then Pearson's correlation studies were
done to assess correlation between body weight and mean blood
Methodology pressure, random blood sugar, cholesterol and triglyceride and also
Study type: observational cross sectional study correlation between mean BP and blood sugar, cholesterol level, blood
Target population: female nursing staffs in college of medicine and sugar and cholesterol, triglyceride level

International Journal of Scientific Research 45

Volume-7 | Issue-4 | April-2018 PRINT ISSN No 2277 - 8179

Results cholesterol level was 101.53 mg/dl, which is higher than the current
Data from 102 nursing staffs were collected during the study. The normal level of LDL cholesterol (100 mg/dl). Mean triglyceride level
mean age of the nurses were 46.18 years, and mean weight was 62.11 of the staffs were 149.4 mg/dl, which was within normal range (upto
Kg. Mean of the random blood sugar level of the staffs came out 102.58 150 mg/ dl). Mean HDL cholesterol was 50.91 mg/dl, which is in
mg/ dl. only 4 of them had random sugar level above 140 mg/dl, which normal range.
is above the normal random blood sugar level. Mean Blood pressure of
the staffs (which is equal to diastolic blood pressure+ 1/3 rd of pulse
pressure) was 94.14 mm of Hg. The study aimed to see correlation of different biochemical parameters
with body weight and also to see correlation among age and blood
12 staffs (11.76%) among the study population are diabetic and 19 pressure, age and cholesterol level, blood sugar and cholesterol level,
(18.63%) had hypertension and they were receiving drugs for blood sugar and triglyceride level.
controlling these.According to lipid profile result, 42 nursing staffs are
dyslipidemic (41.17%). So, Pearson's correlation test was done.
It revealed the following data-
Mean total cholesterol level was 173.88 mg/ dl, whereas mean LDL Correlations

Table 1: correlation study of different cardiovascular risk factors among nursing staffs
Weight mean BP Random blood Total LDL Triglyceride
sugar cholesterol cholesterol
weight Pearson Correlation 1 .300** .314** .216* .152 .287**
Sig. (2-tailed) .002 .001 .029 .126 .003
N 102 102 102 102 102 102
mean BP Pearson Correlation .300** 1 .132 .220* .125 .282**
Sig. (2-tailed) .002 .188 .026 .209 .004
N 102 102 102 102 102 102
Random blood Pearson Correlation .314** .132 1 .232* .274** .137
sugar Sig. (2-tailed) .001 .188 .019 .005 .171
N 102 102 102 102 102 102
Total Pearson Correlation .216* .220* .232* 1 .916** .503**
cholesterol Sig. (2-tailed) .029 .026 .019 .000 .000
N 102 102 102 102 102 102
LDL cholesterol Pearson Correlation .152 .125 .274** .916** 1 .381**
Sig. (2-tailed) .126 .209 .005 .000 .000
N 102 102 102 102 102 102
Triglyceride Pearson Correlation .287** .282** .137 .503** .381** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .003 .004 .171 .000 .000
N 102 102 102 102 102 102
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

So the study revealed the following- staffs were similar to one similar study but prevalence of dyslipidemia
1. Body weight of the study population and their mean BP had very was much higher in our study.
significant correlation ( 2 tailed significance 0.002)
2. Body weight of the study population and their random blood sugar A study on total of 424 rail road workers between the ages of 21 and 64
level had very significant correlation (2 tailed significance 0.001) years showed that high serum total cholesterol and LDL-C level were
3. Body weight of the study population and their total cholesterol more common in shift workers than in day workers. This finding
level had significant correlation (2 tailed significance 0.029) persisted after adjustment was made for age and food type. But there
4. Body weight of the study population and their LDL cholesterol was no difference in the prevalence of fasting blood glucose and
level didn't have significant correlation (2 tailed significance hypertension between shift working and day working.8 This result
0.126) supported our study finding that nursing staffs, being shift worker had
5. Body weight of the study population and their triglyceride level increased prevalence of dyslipidemia and thus, have increased risk of
had very significant correlation (2 tailed significance 0.003) cardiovascular disease in future.
6. Mean BP and total cholesterol level had significant correlation (2
tailed significance 0.026). Another study on 493 nurses, nurse technicians and assistants, in a
7. Mean BP and triglyceride level had very significant correlation (2 large general hospital setting, night shift work did not increase blood
tailed significance 0.004) pressure and was not associated with hypertension or pre-hypertension
8. Random blood sugar level and total cholesterol level had in nursing personnel.9 Here in our study also, there was no increased
significant correlation ( 2 tailed significance 0.019) prevalence of hypertension among nursing staffs.
9. Random blood sugar level and LDL cholesterol level had
Correlation studies done in this study revealed strong correlation
significant correlation ( 2 tailed significance 0.005)
between body weight and mean BP, body weight and random blood
10. Random blood sugar level and triglyceride level didn't have
sugar, body weight and total cholesterol, body weight and triglyceride
significant correlation (2 tailed significance 0.171)
level, which is a well known fact.
11. Total cholesterol and triglyceride level had very significant
Our study also depicted strong correlation between blood sugar level
correlation ( 2 tailed significance was less than 0.001)
and total cholesterol level, LDL cholesterol level and this is supported
12. LDL cholesterol and triglyceride level had very significant
by a previous study, where among 401 patients, Patients with HbA1c
correlation ( 2 tailed significance was less than 0.001)
value greater than 7.0% had significantly higher value of cholesterol,
13. Also, correlation between age and mean BP, age and total
LDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio compared with patients with an
cholesterol was measured. It reveled that age of the subject had
HbA1c value up to 7.0%.10
very significant correlation with both mean BP and total
cholesterol level ( in both the cases, 2 tailed significance was less
We have also found that mean blood pressure is significantly
than 0.001).
correlated with high cholesterol level.in a large cross sectional study
on approximate 16000 subjects, it was found that Total and non-HDL
Discussion
cholesterol levels increased significantly with increasing systolic or
The present study aimed to assess presence of existing CVD risk diastolic blood pressure in both sexes.11
factors among nursing staffs of a government medical college hospital
in eastern India.
Though diabetes, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are known risk
factors for development of cardiovascular disease, their prevalence
In our study, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes among nursing
46 International Journal of Scientific Research
Volume-7 | Issue-4 | April-2018 PRINT ISSN No 2277 - 8179

among nursing staffs have not been studied much. Their workload and
responsibility towards health care system is immensely important for
society. So early detection of these risk factors among nursing staffs is
very important, so that proper lifestyle measures and drug therapy can
reduce the chance of development of cardiovascular disease among
them.

Conclusions :
This cross sectional study revealed that prevalence of dyslipidemia
among nursing staffs of a government medical college hospital is more
than the general population. Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes
mellitus is comparable to general population. There is strong
correlation between body weight and mean BP, body weight and
random blood sugar, body weight and total cholesterol, body weight
and triglyceride level, between blood sugar level and total cholesterol
level, between mean blood pressure and blood sugar, mean blood
pressure and total cholesterol level. Thus nursing staffs, being shift
duty worker, due to increased dyslipidemia prevalence, may have
higher chance of developing cardiovascular disease early.

Acknowledgement- 1. Prof. Dr. Keshab Mukhopadhyay, Head,

Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine & JNM Hospital,
Kalyani 2. Raju Dasgupta, Assistant professor and statistician,
Department of community medicine, College of Medicine & JNM
Hospital, Kalyani

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