UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME

NAIROBI CONVENTION

WIOSAP FULL PROPOSALS TEMPLATE

Call title: Implementation of the Strategic Action Programme for the protection
of the Western Indian Ocean from land-based sources and activities
(WIO-SAP)
Participating countries: Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania [and France (not project beneficiary)]
Executing organization: Nairobi Convention Secretariat
Duration of demo projects: 2 years
Stage of the call: Full proposals
Submission dateline: 5th March 2019
(Maximum 20 pages including cover page, budget and annexes)

INSTRUCTIONS
Organisation Name Department of Environmental Affairs (Branch: Oceans and Coasts)

Address P.O. Box 4390 Cape Town 8002

Website WWW.ENVIRONMENT.GOV.ZA

Contact Person Dr Yazeed Peterson

Telephone: +27 21819 2450
Mobile phone: +27 83 5303127
Email: [email protected]

Registration Details Type of organisation: State Department

Country: South Africa
Year: N/A
Registration Number: N/A
TITLE OF PROPOSAL
"Improvement of ecosystem health and water quality by implementing a Source to Sea
based approach to tackle marine litter in five priority river systems in Durban, Kwazulu-
Natal, South Africa"

Executive Summary: the Department will seek to contribute to the UN Clean Seas Campaign
by implementing a “Source to Sea Initiative” aimed at tackling land-based litter in hot spot
communities located near rivers and waterways. It will be an ambitious and new strategy geared
to investigate and combat pollution, in particular plastic pollution, at source in river catchments
and waterways, before it reaches the coast and marine environment. This bold new initiative will
scale up litter collection, promote community involvement in waste sorting at source and

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recycling in cooperation with the private sector as well as assessing microplastic contamination
in these rivers. This initiative will seek to respond directly to the UNEA Resolutions on marine
litter and micro-plastics, by tackling waste and litter at source. A pilot project is being embarked
on in Kwazulu Natal during 2019 – 2021. The initiative will be launched by the Minister in
March 2019 in Durban and will culminate the launching of litter traps/ litter booms in the 5
major rivers (conduit to marine litter from land-based sources) of the pilot project.
I. BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION1
a) The problem or critical issue which the proposal seeks to resolve
Marine litter and debris, such as plastic items, fishing gear, food packages, glass, metals, etc.
have become environmental threats of international concern not only because it washes up on
beaches and shorelines worldwide and looks unsightly, but also because debris can be transferred
from one country to another via ocean currents and it impacts on commercial fisheries
throughout the world.

A 2015 study conducted by Dr Jambeck and published in Science, showed that the amount of
plastic waste entering the oceans from land each year exceeds 4.8 million tons (Mt), and may be
as high as 12.7 Mt - or nearly one to three orders of magnitude greater than the reported mass of
plastic in high-concentration ocean gyres. Quantities of plastic entering the ocean are growing
rapidly with the global increase in population and plastics use, with the potential for cumulative
inputs of plastic waste into the ocean being as high as 250 Mt by 2025. The study also revealed
that the largest quantities of marine litter and plastic waste are estimated to be originating from a
relatively small number of countries in Asia and other middle income, rapidly developing
countries. The top 20 countries, of which South Africa is ranked 11th, account for 83% of the
mismanaged plastic waste available to enter the ocean. Reducing the amount of mismanaged
waste by 50% in these top 20 countries would result in a nearly 40% decline in inputs of plastic
to the ocean. The research suggests that solutions to the growing problem of plastic pollution are
achievable, given sufficient resources and commitment. Investments in improved waste
management practices on land are critical and will lead to substantial reductions in the amount of
plastic waste entering the oceans. Furthermore, a reduction in plastics use and improved
recycling of plastics in developed countries is an important complement to the infrastructure
improvements needed in developing economies.

With 80% of marine pollution originating from sources on land and owing to the growing
concern of litter washing up on South African beaches from inland sources via river systems2,
the Department of Environmental Affairs has decided to embark on an initiative that applies a
source-to-sea approach to addressing marine litter. The Source-to-sea initiative will involve
catchment wide or river basin wide interventions in priority areas to both recover land-based and
riverine based litter, thereby reducing the occurrence of marine litter, and reducing litter
generation. The Source-to-sea initiative will reduce the impacts from land-based sources and
activities and sustainably manage critical coastal-riverine ecosystems through the
implementation of waste management practices, advocacy, education and job creation. The
Initiative will be cross-sectoral in nature and will include key role players and stakeholders.

1
Remember to remove all the text in grey after completing the concept ensuring that it keeps to maximum 20 pages
excluding cover, budget pages and annexes.
2
See for example the article “Booming tides of change - bid to cut down on plastic pollution”
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There are various initiatives that have been established in South Africa with the intention to
address water and environmental issues across a source-to-sea continuum. The following
initiatives have the characteristics of a source-to-sea approach as it involves catchment wide
interventions.

EXISITING SOURCE TO SEA INITIATIVES IN SOUTH AFRICA

Integrated Water Quality Management Policy, Catchment Management Agencies and Forums
In terms of water resource management, the first National Water Research Strategy (NWRS) was
approved in September 2004 fulfilling the requirements of the National Water Policy and
National Water Act, No 36 of 1998. This strategy provides a framework to protect, use, develop,
conserve, manage and control South Africa’s freshwater water resources. A key approach to this
strategy is the promotion of self-regulating Catchment Management Areas (CMA’s) and other
water management institutions.
The first CMA (the Inkomati CMA) was established during the 2002/03 financial year. The
establishment and evolution of a CMA provides an important opportunity to give effect
institutionally and organisationally to the principles of integrated water resources management to
address the specific challenges at a WMA level, including stakeholder participation.
Every CMA must progressively establish a catchment management strategy and review it at least
once every five years. This strategy must set out the framework for managing water resources
within the WMA and the principles for allocating water to existing and prospective water users.
As such it specifies the CMA’s (and DWS’s) intent in terms of water resources management in a
WMA, and specifies the way in which water will be managed in that area. The strategy also must
set out the water management institutions to be established in the Water Management Area
(WMA) and guides these institutions in performing their functions in terms of the Act. All
persons and organizations must adhere to the strategy, which in turn must take account of the
constitutional mandate and legal powers of water management institutions, as well as other
relevant organs of state. Furthermore, the strategy must indicate the manner in which the public
will be enabled to participate in water resources management within the WMA. There are 19
WMA’s in South Africa. The Minister of Water and Sanitation has prioritized 9 WMAs.

Port St John’s Umzimvubu Source2Sea Eco-catchment Initiative

The aim of the strategy is to ensure a ‘living catchment’, managed collaboratively under an ethos
of stewardship, providing optimal livelihoods for the maximum number of people based on
biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES). This strategy will look into the restoration of the
catchment by:
- identifying the feasibility for a network of source to sea adventure trails as a long-term
non-consumptive ecotourism use;
- develop a ‘story’ of the river corridor & understand drivers of impacts & changes;
- collect footage & basic status data as a baseline;
- identify other actors, gaps and assets.

The initiative focuses on biodiversity, people and sustainability of livelihoods along the
catchment.
Cape Town: Zandvlei (Sand River catchment) Source-to Sea Catchment Management Plan
The Zandvlei Catchment Management Plan aims to address flooding, water quality issues,
improved access and amenities along the Sand River Catchment. It has identified management
interventions required for the catchment. Urban drainage matters are greatly addressed in this
plan by the adoption of recommended strategies and plans. The water quality interventions, for
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example include projects around silt management, impacts from identified industrial areas along
the catchment, soil management and alien and invasive vegetation management.

b) THE NEED FOR THE NATIONAL SOURCE TO SEA PROGRAMME ON MARINE

LITTER
Due to the increasing and recognized impact of waste from land on the coastal and marine
environment, the Minister of Environmental Affairs has signed up to the United Nations Clean
Seas Campaign on 6 December 2017 in Nairobi at the margins of the Third United Nations
Environment Assembly Meeting. The Minister announced that South Africa will step up its
beach clean-up programs and actions against waste created by electronics, lighting, tires, and
paper and packaging. This includes extended producer responsibility for plastic packaging.
The Department has committed itself to embark on a pilot source-to-sea project that will address
waste management and marine litter from land-based sources. The pilot project will be launched
as part of the September 2018 International Coastal Clean-up celebrations and will serve as
South Africa’s flagship contribution under the UN Clean Seas Campaign.
After initial consultations were held with the Department of Water and Sanitation and various
relevant divisions within the Department, in August 2017 and January 2018 respectively, the
following broad interventions were identified to address marine litter in catchments before it
becomes a problem for our coastlines and marine environment:
- Identify 5 priority rivers that have been reported to be the primary vectors for plastics
and other debris to enter the ocean, starting in one coastal province;
- Consult with relevant role players to collectively recover, remove, recycle, dispose waste
and prevent further waste from entering these rivers;
- Determine interventions for awareness raising, education and advocacy;
- Determine interventions for compliance and enforcement with regard to illegal dumping
and discharges.
After further consultation with relevant authorities, the following river systems in the province of
KwaZulu-Natal along the east coast of South Africa, were identified as a priority areas requiring
waste management interventions:
- uMngeni River into Blue Lagoon/ Durban North Beach;
- uMlazi River into Cuttings Beach;
- uMbilo River (into the Durban Bay);
- uMhlatuzana River (into the Durban Bay); and
- aManzimnyama River (into the Durban Bay).
These rivers have been shown to consistently generate beach and marine litter, especially after
significant rainfall events, which tends to have a ‘pollution flushing effect’ on the river
catchments (See Figure 1). Coastal clean-up activities downstream of these loaded river systems
have also not been successful due to constant ongoing litter flows. Hence, there is a need to
target sources upstream from the coast.

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Figure 1: Beach litter on Cuttings Beach, Durban, following heavy rainfall into the uMlazi River
in May 2016

Figure 2: Beach litter on uMngeni Beach, Durban, following heavy rainfall into the uMngeni
River in March 2019

Figure 3: Land-based litter on uMngeni Beach, Durban, following heavy rainfall into the
uMngeni River in March 2019
A common attribute of the priority river systems identified is that they are adjacent to human
(often informal) settlements and industrial areas which generate domestic and industrial wastes
(see Figure 4). Where such wastes are mismanaged or dumped, there is a high risk that it enters
the rivers and eventually flows into the marine environment.

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 Figure 4: Map showing population density along the 5 Priority Rivers identified in Kwazulu-
Natal.

C (i)Linkage to national strategies and policies:

In 2014, South Africa launched its National Coastal Management Programme as a mandatory
requirement under national legislation. Under the Programme, one of the priorities is the
management of pollution in the coastal zone. Under that priority, South Africa adopted
Management Objective 4.3, which is to develop and implement programmes to address marine
litter.
On 8 March 2019, the President of South Africa launched the National Good Green Deeds
Programme. The Presidential Good Green Deeds Programme is aimed to change people’s
attitudes and behaviour towards waste and its management, as well as to begin taking charge and
responsibility of keeping their neighbourhood clean. The objective for the Good Green Deeds
Programme is to drive towards a clean South Africa which is free of litter and illegal dumping.
This nationwide environmental programme proposes a simple but bold blueprint for what we all
can do as individuals, organisations, communities and as a nation to bring about the realisation of
a cleaner and more environmentally presentable country. More emphasis is required in ensuring
that the citizens now take a stand against the litter in their neighbourhoods and start to clean-up
their areas. This is the same key messaging that the Source to Sea Programme will be driving.

C (II) LINKAGE TO REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS (WIOSAP AND

GLOBAL):
In 2007, a Regional Overview and Assessment of Marine Litter was conducted in the WIO
region, as part of the WIO-Lab Project. The assessment observed that, among others, the most
significant source of marine litter is solid waste in water runoff from urban areas. The proposed
Initiative will make a direct contribution to the WIOSAP vision, by establishing partnerships
between Government, industry and civil society bodies to work towards healthy rivers and the
marine environment. Although Component B of the WIOSAP (Improved water quality), places
an emphasis on municipal wastewater, it is believed the proposed Initiative will contribute to
Output B.1.2 (Effluents at a minimum of two (2) demonstration sites are collected, treated,
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recycled and/or disposed of in accordance with international best practices), although the focus
will be on litter recovery and prevention.

The Initiative will contribute toward the implementation of the Protocol on Land-based
Sources and Activities adopted under the Nairobi Convention. Under the Protocol, Contracting
Parties have a general obligation to “prevent, reduce, mitigate, combat, and to the extent possible
eliminate the pollution and degradation of the Protocol area from land-based sources and
activities” (Article 4). The Initiative will respond directly to the UNEA-3 Resolution on Marine
Litter and Micro-plastics, which under Paragraph 4(e), calls upon States to “develop integrated
and source-to-sea approaches to combat marine litter…taking into account that plastic litter and
micro-plastics are transported to the oceans from land-based sources by rivers and run-off…’.
South Africa also signed up to the UN’s Clean Seas Campaign(December 2017) in which South
Africa will be address marine pollution through addressing its packaging waste, education and
awareness and clean up campaigns.

Moreover the initiative will respond directly to the UNEA-4 Resolutions on Single-use Plastics,
Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities as well as resolution on
Global Marine Litter and Microplastics which calls for strengthening of activities to prevent,
manage and minimise impacts of waste from land-based sources to the marine environment.
The Initiative is directly related to SDG 14.1, which by 2025, seeks to prevent and significantly
reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities…”
In July 2017, the G20 group of countries, of which South Africa is a member, adopted an Action
Plan on Marine Litter, which focuses on the following main actions:
1. Promote the socio-economic benefits of establishing policies to prevent marine litter.
2. Promote waste prevention and resource efficiency.
3. Promote sustainable waste management.
4. Promote effective waste water treatment and storm water management.
5. Raise awareness, promote education & research.
6. Support removal and remediation action.
7. Strengthen the engagement of stakeholders.

South Africa acceded to the Basel Convention on 5 May 1994, and as a Party, is bound by all
obligations under the Convention. The Basel Convention COP 13 included activities related to
marine plastic litter and microplastics in the work programme of the Open Ended Working
Group (OEWG) for the biennium 2018–2019. The activities included considering relevant
options available under the Convention to further address marine plastic litter and microplastics,
taking into account, inter alia, the assessment requested by the United Nations Environment
Assembly in its resolution 2/11, any relevant resolution adopted by the Environment Assembly at
its third session and existing guidance documents and activities under the Basel Convention that
addressed issues related to marine plastic litter and microplastics. This also included developing
a proposal for possible further action, within the scope of the Convention and avoiding
duplication with activities relating to the matter in other forums, for consideration by COP.

D) OTHER PROGRAMMES AND ACTIVITIES WHICH COMPLEMENT THE SOURCE

TO SEA PROGRAMME
South Africa has prioritised four waste streams which are tyres, electronic waste, lighting and
paper and packaging waste. This includes plastic waste. The packaging industry comprehensive
Industry Waste Management Plans as part of the Extended Producer Responsibility
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Schemes. The intent of the plan is to ensure that the industry commits to specific targets on the
diversion of waste from landfill sites. In the context of plastic waste – the plan should outline to
Government how plastics waste will be dealt with in South Africa for the next 5 years. This
include details on how the waste management hierarchy will be applied across the whole value
chain for managing plastics. It is the anticipation of the Government that the challenges around
marine litter could be effectively addressed when the plan provides a detailed system to deal with
plastics from the point of source and at post consumer level.

Additionally, South Africa has amended its fiscal and waste management policy to introduce
environmental levies for plastic bags and has introduced the tyre levy on the 1 February 2017.
This is part of our commitment to circular economy and implementing extended producer
responsibility.

The country is in implementing the outcomes of the Oceans Economy - Waste Phakisa
initiatives. The individual working groups and consultations have been initiated and are
underway with Municipalities and businesses to invest in Waste Minimization Infrastructure.
Further work is being done with the Department of Small Business Development to support
SMMEs within the waste sector. Investments in plastic palletization plants is also emphasized
under Phakisa initiatives as one of the best available ways to divert plastic waste from landfill
sites.

The Department has implemented its Working for the Coast Programme as an Extended
Public Works Project aimed at creating jobs through the clearing of litter from beaches
nationally. During the 2016-2018 project cycle, the project has employed over 2400 people, of
which 1320 comprises of women and 1560 comprises of youth. The new cycle over the next two
years (2018 - 2020) will see the increase in participants deployed in upstream areas and is
expected to employ at least 3,000 project participants. A budget of R300 Million has been
approved for the implementation of this mass employment project. Whilst this initiative has been
in place for several years, it directly contributes to calls under the G20 Action Plan and the UN
Clean Seas Campaign to support litter removal and remediation action. This initiative further
promotes the socio-economic benefits of litter collection.

With reference to Waste Management Policy Reform, South Africa has also conducted a
Plastic Material Flows and End of Life Management Study in collaboration with industry, the
South African Bureau of Standards, the National Regulator for Compulsory Specifications,
National Treasury and also the Department of Health. The study assessed the current status with
regard to the production and management of plastics and identified barriers to improving the
diversion of plastics from landfill sites, and to significantly improve recycling rates within the
country. Currently less than 25% of plastics is recycled in the country, and this rate can be
improved. Additionally, South Africa is preparing to conduct a review of the impact and
effectiveness of the implementation of plastic bag policies as well as conducting a survey on
prioritised single use plastic products & policy options assessment. The study will assess the
gaps in terms of current implementation of the plastic bag levy, identify possible areas of
improvement and new options, including a possible ban on single use plastic bags.
Moreover, the Country is very much aware of international research and discussions around the
impacts of micro-plastics in the marine environment. Nationally, consultations have started with
Cosmetic Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA) to consider and implement a voluntary

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phase out of the use of micro beads in cosmetic products. The Department will continue to
engage CTFA to commit to specific timelines for the phase out.

II. PARTNERSHIPS
In January 2018, the Department of Environmental Affairs established an internal DEA Source-
to-sea Task Team with all relevant divisions represented. These include the Branches: Oceans
& Coasts, Chemicals & Waste, Environmental Programmes (for coastal and inland clean-ups),
Compliance & Enforcement, and Communications. The Task Team developed a Road Map for
the launch of the Initiative in 2018/19, and a draft implementation action plan.
In May 2018 the Department consulted relevant NGOs in Kwazulu-Natal (namely the KZN
Waste Network), and held a brainstorming session with relevant authorities to consider
actions to be included as part of the Source-to-sea Initiative. Several NGOs and private sector
groups have, or are planning to initiate projects within the geographical scope of the DEA
Initiative. Consultations were held with Plastics SA (the plastic industry’s umbrella association)
and an NGO called the Durban Partnership Against Plastic Pollution to consider possible
collaborative activities under the Initiative. As part of the consultations, the Department will
consider entering into Memorandums of Agreement with key role players, such as for example
Plastics SA, with which the Department already has a close working relationship. Other external
partners include recycling companies, packaging companies, NGOs such as Durban Green
Corridors, WESSA (Coastwatch), waste pickers, community leaders and Transnet National Ports
Authority (TNPA) representing the Port of Durban.

The “Durban Integrated Development Plan” and the “eThekwini Integrated Waste Management
Plan”, are very on the characteristics of the project area. The economy of eThekwini
Municipality is highly boosted by its tourism. Local and international tourist are visit eThekwini
Municipality due to its beautiful ocean (warm Indian Ocean) and many other activities. The
Durban harbour is one of the busiest commercial harbour in Africa. The five identified rivers are
located within the eThekwini metropolitan Municipality. The Municipality comprises of urban
and rural landscape with a wide range of settlement types ranging from formal urban to rural
settlements, with the rural areas experiencing a significant amount of residential growth and
experience challenges of un-service informal settlement . In addition, large numbers of informal
settlements are scattered across the city, many in peripheral locations or on steep land or flood
plains, placing them at higher risk of environmental degradation. There is a need to address
socioeconomic issues such inadequate sanitation (housing, sewer line etc.), job opportunities,
waste management, (access to waste services etc.). The Source to Sea project will contribute
to the vision of eThekwini Municipality of ensuring the nature shall be clean and safe to its
people.

There is a need to improve quality of rivers, ocean and all other natural resource through
enhancing community social and economic values. The Municipality faces challenges that its
population generally leave on low density areas with segregated economic and residential
patterns which makes it even complicated to service all areas. Like all other townships adjacent
to the identified rivers, Umlazi Township impact on Umlazi River which runs to the Treasure
and Cutting beaches. The Umlazi Township is right across the N2 freeway and the issues of
plastic waste is visible from the distance towards the ocean.

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There are existing projects that currently focus on recycling and clean up initiatives from which
resources and support for the Initiative could be leveraged. There are also opportunities for
further resources from initiatives planning to focus on the growing marine litter problem. These
are provisionally presented below and further resources will be solicited as the project evolves
(with its detailed action plan):
1. Existing programmes and MOUs
- DEA Working for the Coast Programme (will employ workers to collect litter and
support community awareness-raising);
- MOU with waste pickers & recyclers (will support litter collection, separation and
recycling);
- Private sector (to be explored during an upcoming consultative session);
- Current NGOs doing clean ups (to compliment litter collection and community
awareness-raising activities);
- Municipality doing clean up and recycling (to compliment litter collection and
community awareness-raising activities).

2. Possible resources to be provided

- Municipality (GIS mapping of litter hotspot areas and where further litter traps should be
deployed);
- Plastics SA (waste audit funding and data generation; supply of river litter booms);
- Awareness raising campaign and programme (DEA Branches: Oceans & Coasts,
Chemicals & Waste Management).
- Durban Partnership Against Plastic Pollution & Durban Green Corridors (maintenance of
river booms, litter recovery, litter monitoring).
Resources for the short medium and long term interventions is required and will be solicited
from existing projects by the DEA, private sector, other government departments, NGOs and the
TNPA as well as other key role players relevant to dealing with waste management and marine
pollution management.

The Sustainable Seas Trust, which is driving the African Marine Waste Network’s efforts
towards a similar project in the Swartkops Estuary (Eastern Cape Province, South Africa) will
also assist in the national rollout of the DEA Source-to-sea Initiative with its litter tracking
methodologies and lessons learned. That project will focus on remote sensing of waste and is
hoped to be the blueprint for other similar projects in Africa and presents as a potential local
partner in the national rollout of the Initiative.

The Department is collaborating with the International Union for Conservation of Nature
(IUCN), through its Marplasticcs project (https://www.iucn.org/news/marine-and-
polar/201902/how-south-africa-will-beat-plastic-pollution), which seems to develop a replicable
methodological framework for assessing plastic waste. The IUCN has begun a 4-Year Initiative
(2017-2020) on marine plastics in the Indian Ocean and Asia- Pacific with a Budget of EUR
4,280,370. The Marplasticcs project is aimed at 4 key outputs and activities, summarised as
follows:
- Knowledge - assessing plastics in streams, developing a methodology to assess waste
sources;
- Capacity – conducting stakeholder analyses, strengthening citizen-science;
- Policy – analyse current policy to discuss policy solutions;
- Business – identify effective and practical solutions.
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The United Kingdom (“Commonwealth Clean Oceans Alliance”) has requested South Africa
and others to join the initiative on marine plastic pollution. This an initiative is under the
Commonwealth Blue Charter to address marine plastic pollution (known as the CommonWealth
Litter Project/CLiP). Co-sponsors would commit to three main goals:
1) Ban of the sale and manufacture of microbeads in rinse-off cosmetic and personal care
products by 2021
2) Significant reduction of single-use plastic carrier bags 2021
3) Take steps to eliminate all avoidable single use plastic waste
A Bilateral meeting with the UK government in January 2019 revealed that there may be useful
scientific research and best practices made available to all Commonwealth members that South
Africa (in particular the Department of Science and Technology, DST) would be interested in.
The UK Government has acknowledged that South Africa is prioritising the above 3 targets as
well as developing a suite of other policy options to manage the issue of waste and plastics in
society, including taking steps to eliminate all avoidable single use plastics and assist the Source
to Sea pilot project by undertaking a microplastics assessment.
No. Partner Mandate Role in the project Resources partner will provide
Name
1 DEA National Employ workers to Working for the Coast
Working for level collect litter, sort litter at implementers (human resources),
the Coast source/river, litter bags and cleaning equipment
Programme characterise waste for such as rakes, gloves, masks,
data collection and waste skips, awareness raising
support community materials aimed at a community
awareness-raising level and schools
2 Waste pickers Local will support litter Human resources and collection
& community collection, separation, transportation from source to
recyclers waste characterisation recycling facilities
and recycling;
3 Private Private Extended producer Establishment of buy back centres
Businesses sector responsibility options for waste in communities,
(packing for policy and action (to provision of transport to recycling
industry and be explored further), facilities; assist with provisions of
pharmaceutic Industry waste funding for awareness raising and
als cosmetic management activities litter boom deployment and
industry, maintenance
Plastics SA)
4 NGOs such as NGO Assist with clean ups (to human resources, litter bags and
Durban compliment litter cleaning equipment such as rakes,
Partnership collection and gloves, masks, waste skips,
Against community awareness- awareness raising materials aimed
Plastic raising activities), at a community level and schools,
Pollution, monitoring of marine monitoring litter collected at the
Coastwatch, litter data, litter boom litter booms.
WESSA, management
Durban Green
Corridors

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 5 Transnet Port Assist with clean ups (to Human resources to compliment
Authority compliment litter litter collection and community
collection and awareness-raising activities,
community awareness- monitoring of marine litter data,
raising activities), litter boom management within
monitoring of marine the port jurisdiction only
litter data, litter boom
management within the
port jurisdiction only
6 Municipality Municipa Assist with clean ups (to compliment litter collection and
l/Local compliment litter community awareness-raising
collection and activities, development of Co-ops
community awareness- in areas upstream of the coastal
raising activities), environment within the
monitoring of marine municipal jurisdiction only
litter data, litter boom
management within the
port jurisdiction only
7. Sustainable NGO None at this stage (only will assist in the national rollout
Seas Trust with further roll out) of the DEA Source-to-sea
Initiative with its litter tracking
methodologies and lessons
learned
8. IUCN’s Internatio Support (knowledge, Knowledge - assessing plastics in
Marplasticcs nal/regio capacity, policy streams, developing a
Project nal analysis, business methodology to assess waste
opportunity sources;
partnerships) the Source - Capacity – conducting
to Sea project as it will stakeholder analyses,
generate data strengthening citizen-science;
information that will - Policy – analyse current
assist the theory of policy to discuss policy solutions;
change actions as a start. - Business – identify
effective and practical solutions.
9. United Internatio Support (Knowledge Support (Knowledge and capacity
Kingdom nal and capacity Building) Building) - funding a workshop
(“Commonwe on science to policy interventions
alth Clean as well undertaking a
Oceans microplastics assessment.
Alliance”)
B. Immediate/specific objectives
III. OBJECTIVES
A. Overall objective
To reduce the impacts of litter on the freshwater, coastal and marine environment and ecosystem
health by implementing river basin wide interventions to recover land-based and riverine based
litter, thereby reducing marine litter loads, and reducing litter generation at source.

B. Immediate objectives
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The immediate objective of the Source to Sea Programme is to implement a pilot project aimed
at reducing marine litter by intercepting land-derived litter in priority river systems which serve
as conduits or pathways for marine litter to enter the marine environment. The project aims to
recruit personnel to conduct litter recovery and riverine and community cleanups further
upstream, to reduce litter loading on marine environment. As part of the pilot project,
opportunities will be investigated and pursued to address mismanaged waste in targeted
communities.

NB: the medium to longer term initiative will be to expand the footprint of the initiative
nationally.

Objectives
The Objectives of the pilot project are to:
1. Investigate areas of litter concern/hotspots (poorly serviced/unserviced/underserviced areas)
along each of the 5 priority rivers during the first 6 months of the pilot project.
2. Deploy litter recovery resources, including increased clean up efforts, to recover litter from the
identified priority rivers for a period of 24 months, including the deployment of 5 litter
booms/litter inception devices (one in each river).
3. Monitor and evaluate (characterise) the types and quantities of litter collected in the 5 rivers
during a 24 month period, including an assessment of the microplastics in the freshwater and
marine system of the 5 priority rivers.
4. Identify and implement at least 1 waste management intervention (such as waste sorting,
recovery and recycling) in one community per priority river.
5. Undertake educational activities and awareness raising campaigns (to school, civil society,
businesses in the hot spot areas) around litter prevention from land-based sources for a period
of 24 months.
6. Undertake a review of the pilot project interventions in the 5 priority rivers and hot spot areas
with a view to potential replication to other coastal areas in South Africa.

IV. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Expected project results and indicators
Outcomes
1. Reduced prevalence of marine litter through increased land-based/upstream litter
recovery and waste management interventions.
2. Increase in the scientific information on marine litter and microplastics along the 5
priority rivers that will guide future waste management interventions and a national
rollout of the pilot project

Outputs
The following outputs are envisaged:
3.2.1. Litter hot spot areas along each of the 5 priority rivers identified.
3.2.2. Deployment and management plan for the 5 litter booms developed.
3.3.3. Monthly litter collection and characterisation reports as well as a microplastics prevalence
report for the priority rivers.
3.3.4. One waste management intervention per hot spot community near each river.
3.3.5. At least 1 community awareness raising event, at least 1 schools outreach activity and 1
electronic media coverage of marine litter and waste management per year.

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3.3.6. Project implementation review report compiled.

B. Project activities and work plan

Annex 1 outlines the project’s short term activities and the relevant role-players. In order to
maximize implementation and the impact of the Initiative, funding is required for the
appointment of Project Co-ordinator (2 year term) to lead the implementation of the Pilot
Source-to-Sea programme (first year) and support the national roll-out of the Initiative.

C. Project Beneficiaries
Litter poses a threat to species and the recreational activities along the estuaries of the identified
river systems due to improper waste management. Employment opportunities will be created in
communities, especially for women, due to opportunities for litter collection and the
establishment of waste recovery and recycling initiatives. Training and recruitment for the
existing WftC project will be done. The Department will develop policies that will enhance
efficiency in addressing the waste management whilst empowering local communities to benefit
from the management of waste. The waste removal from sources on land will benefit the tourism
sector as well as the blue economy when impacts of marine litter in the coastal areas are reduced.
Recycling of waste collected (from litter traps or communities) may create employment
opportunities for small business such as community buy-back centers. The up skilling of local
community on general waste management matters, gathering information on litter collected as
well as recycling will benefit communities and achieve a heightened sense of belonging to the
environment at a community level – thereby achieving the Presidential Good Green Deeds
Programmes’ overall objective mentioned in Section 1 above.

D. Implementing agency management of project

The DEA is responsible for the implementation of the Initiative. Other Departments such as the
Department of Water and Sanitation, Provincial Departments of Environmental Affairs,
Municipalities, the private sector and NGO’s will be engaged to bring-in their roles throughout
the project. The Department will investigate and establish an appropriate project implementation
platform, which will be represented by key interested and affected parties.

V. SUSTAINABILITY AND REPLICABILITY

As part of the pilot phase of the Initiative, opportunities will be explored to implement
innovative small scale litter recycling ventures and markets for recycled products that could
benefit local communities and local enterprises. The results and lessons learned will be applied
to the national roll-out phase of the Initiative (replication), where similar solutions could be
replicated in other coastal provinces. The Initiative is listed on the Branch: Oceans and Coasts’
3-year medium term strategic plan and annual performance will be monitored by the usual
business performance processes existing within the Department. The pilot project will create a
methodology for sustainable continuation via the DEA’s WftC programme and stakeholder
commitments (private sector, municipality).

VI. PROJECT MONITORING AND EVALUATION

A Project Co-ordinator will be appointed on a contract basis (2yrs) to ensure that monitoring and
reporting of the project progress is conducted on a monthly basis. A project risk management and
mitigation plan will be compiled.

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VII. BUDGET
A draft budget for the pilot phase of the Source to Sea Initiative is provided in Annex 2. The
budget covers deployment of the Working for the Coast Programme to recover litter in hotspot
areas, construction and deployment of low-cost river litter traps (or other litter interception
devices put forward by innovative community members/ stakeholders), recovery and recycling of
riverine litter, assessment of litter loads in hotspot areas (including the presence of microplastics
and its type), assessment of litter and waste management practices, awareness-raising and
workshops to track implementation progress, disseminate information, draft a theory of change
action list, as well as develop plans for the national roll-out of the Initiative. The total amount
applied for under the WIO-SAP Project is R 3 890 000 (USD 266 438).

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ANNEX 1: Expanded Workplan
Year
1 Year 2
Task Responsible 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Overall objective:
To reduce the impacts of litter on the freshwater, coastal and marine environment and ecosystem health by implementing river basin wide interventions to
recover land-based and riverine based litter, thereby reducing marine litter loads, and reducing litter generation at source.
Outcome
1.0 Reduced prevalence of marine litter through increased land-based/upstream litter recovery and waste management interventions
Output
1.1 Litter hot spot areas along each of the 5 priority rivers identified
Activity Activity
number A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M
Consult municipality, provincial
department and Stats SA for services
and un-serviced areas to map the rivers
Activity with land-uses and identify sources of
1.1.1 litter.
Map the sources of litter along these
rivers systems and identify serviced
Activity and un-serviced areas (hotspots) as
1.1.2 well as potential sources of litter
Map sections of each river, identify a
collection point for community with
Activity the private sector that will encourage
1.1.3 recovery and recycling
Activity Host one Theory of Change workshop
1.1.4 at the start of the project.
Develop and disseminate Theory of
Activity Change workshop report to all
1.1.5 stakeholders
Output
1.2 Deployment and management plan for the 5 litter booms developed
Log commitments by various
stakeholders, including packaging
industry) and Enter into partnerships
with existing co-ops or community
clean up programmes with NGOs or
Activity Municipality. Obtain letters of support
1.2.1 or partnership letters or MOUs that

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 document commitments.
Activity Activity
number A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M
Convene stakeholder meetings to
further develop a deployment and
implementation plan for litter removal
Activity and recovery (NGO’s, municipality,
1.2.2 Department of Environmental Affairs).
Obtain resources (such as litter traps)
Activity and deployment date from
1.2.3 stakeholders.
Output
1.3 One waste management intervention per hot spot community near each river deployed.
Install skips, bins and/ or litter traps as
per deployment and implementation
plan in or near each hot spot, including
waste receptacles for collection of
Activity recyclables and non-recyclables as per
1.3.1 deployment and implementation plan
Deploy litter cleanup teams (litter
recovery resources) along the 5 priority
Activity river and in communities, including the
1.3.2 WftC participants.
Facilitate and monitor the weekly litter
removal (mobilization of staff) as per
deployment plan and ensure data is
Activity logged (assessment and
1.3.3 characterization of waste).

Facilitate discussion with the private

sector for SMME’s, Buy Back centers,
Innovative ideas for Plastics into
products, etc. (Utilise
recommendations made from the
workshops and meetings held with
private sector and govt to support the
waste economy, innovative solutions,
Activity advocacy, job creation & education
1.3.4 activities)

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Output At least 1 community awareness raising event, at least 1 schools outreach activity and 1 electronic media coverage of marine litter and waste
1.4 management per year
Activity Activity
number A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M
Facilitate the development of a
communication strategy (DEA
Communications team) to assist with
awareness raising campaigns, schools
outreach programmes and
communication with civil society,
other departments, academia, NGOs,
Activity Private sector, etc. in each of the hot
1.4.1 spot areas.
Identify relevant and existing national
(such as Good Green Deeds, national
marine week, etc), local educational
campaigns and events as well as the
International event days (especially
UNE1.4.6P) events to raise awareness
on coastal and marine pollution; and
Activity Secure these dates for campaigns and
1.4.2 event with the office of the Minister.
Develop awareness raising materials
(at least 1 print and 1 electronic media
coverage) that will also be used in the
Activity pilot project as well as in the further
1.4.3 national rollout
Host at least 1 community awareness
raising event per year
Activity
1.4.4
Activity Host at least 1 schools outreach
1.4.5 activity per year

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Outcome Increase in the scientific information on marine litter and microplastics along the 5 priority rivers that will guide future waste management
2.0 interventions and a national rollout of the pilot project.
Output
2.1 Monthly litter collection and characterisation reports as well as a microplastics prevalence report for the priority rivers.
Activity Activity
number A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M
Develop Terms of Reference for as
assessment of microplastics in each of
the 5 priority rivers and facilitate the
Activity appointment of a researcher to
2.1.1 undertake this study
Conduct an assessment/study of the
Activity microplastics in the freshwater and
2.1.2 marine system of the 5 priority rivers
Provide input into the final findings of
the study and make recommendation
for a way forward, including
Activity dissemination of information as per
2.1.3 communications plan.
Ensure that weekly visit are logged
(information needed by the manager
after each visit) and monthly report on
waste characterization, volumes and
litter collected at each litter trap site as
well as litter collected upstream in
communities (on land) from WftC
implementers, representatives, waste
pickers or data collectors are submitted
Activity to the Source to Sea project co-
2.1.4 ordinator.
Output Monthly project and Stakeholder Progress meetings and workshops held
2.2
The appointed Source to Sea project
co-ordinator to host monthly meeting
with the Municipality and committed
Activity stakeholder on progress of the project
2.2.1 and ensure project management.

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Output
2.3 Project implementation review report compiled
Activity Activity
number A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M
Host 1 project review workshop
(Synthesis the lessons learned from the
project implementation, Review
Activity communications, deployment and
2.3.1 implementation plans)
Compile a project review report that
includes a consolidated methodology
or collection of interventions that may
be implemented for replication / further
Activity up scaling/ roll out in other areas in
2.3.2 South Africa.
Provide input into the new DEA
Activity Working for the Coast Cycle (beyond
2.3.3 pilot project)

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 Annex 2: Logical Framework
Project title: "Improvement of ecosystem health and water quality by implementing a Source to Sea based approach to tackle marine litter in five
priority river systems in Durban, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa"

Project overall objective: To reduce the impacts of litter on the freshwater, coastal and marine environment and ecosystem health by implementing
river basin wide interventions to recover land-based and riverine based litter, thereby reducing marine litter loads, and reducing litter generation at
source.
Project Results Outputs Activities Costs /output (US$)
(1 USD = 14.31 ZAR)
Outcome 1: O.1.1 Litter hot spot A.1.1.1 Consult municipality, provincial department and Stats SA Sub – total:
areas along each of the 5 for services and un-serviced areas to map the rivers with land-uses
Reduced prevalence of ZAR 60 000
priority rivers identified and identify sources of litter.
marine litter through
= 4,192.87 US$
increased land- A.1.1.2 Map the sources of litter along these rivers systems and
based/upstream litter identify serviced and un-serviced areas (hotspots) as well as
recovery and waste potential sources of litter
management interventions
A.1.1.3 Map sections of each river, identify a collection point for
community with the private sector that will encourage recovery and
recycling
A.1.1.4 Host one Theory of Change workshop at the start of the
project.
A.1.1.5 Develop and disseminate Theory of Change workshop
report to all stakeholders
O.1.2 Deployment and A.1.2.1 Log commitments by various stakeholders, including Sub - total
management plan for the 5 packaging industry) and Enter into partnerships with existing co-ops
ZAR 110 000 =
litter booms developed or community clean up programmes with NGOs or Municipality.
7,686.93 US$
Obtain letters of support or partnership letters or MOUs that
document commitments.
A.1.2.2 Convene stakeholder meetings to further develop a
deployment and implementation plan for litter removal and recovery
(NGO’s, municipality, Department of Environmental Affairs).
A.1.2.3. Obtain resources (such as litter traps) and deployment date
from stakeholders.

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O.1.3 One waste A.1.3.1 Install skips, bins and/ or litter traps as per deployment and Sub - total
management intervention implementation plan in or near each hot spot, including waste
per hot spot community receptacles for collection of recyclables and non-recyclables as per
near each river deployed. deployment and implementation plan ZAR 36,000,000.00 =
2,517,723.27 US$
A.1.3.2 Deploy litter cleanup teams (litter recovery resources) along
the 5 priority river and in communities, including the WftC
participants.
A.1.3.3 Facilitate and monitor the weekly litter removal
(mobilization of staff) as per deployment plan and ensure data is
logged (assessment and characterization of waste).
A.1.3.4 Facilitate discussion with the private sector for SMME’s,
Buy Back centers, Innovative ideas for Plastics into products, etc.
(Utilise recommendations made from the workshops and meetings
held with private sector and government to support the waste
economy, innovative solutions, advocacy, job creation & education
activities)
O.1.4 At least 1 community A.1.4.1 Facilitate the development of a communication strategy Sub - total
awareness raising event, at (DEA Communications team) to assist with awareness raising
least 1 schools outreach campaigns, schools outreach programmes and communication with
activity and 1 electronic civil society, other departments, academia, NGOs, Private sector, ZAR 5,000,000.00 =
media coverage of marine etc. in each of the hot spot areas. 349,406.00 US$
litter and waste
A.1.4.2 Identify relevant and existing national (such as Good Green
management per year
Deeds, national marine week, etc), local educational campaigns and
events as well as the International event days (especially
UNE1.4.6P) events to raise awareness on coastal and marine
pollution; and Secure these dates for campaigns and event with the
office of the Minister.
A.1.4.3 Develop awareness raising materials (at least 1 print and 1
electronic media coverage) that will also be used in the pilot project
as well as in the further national rollout
A.1.4.4 Host at least 1 community awareness raising event per year
A.1.4.5 Host at least 1 schools outreach activity per year

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Outcome 2.0 O.2.1 Monthly litter A.2.1.1 Develop Terms of Reference for as assessment of Sub - total
collection and microplastics in each of the 5 priority rivers and facilitate the
Increase in the scientific
characterisation reports as appointment of a researcher to undertake this study
information on marine litter
well as a microplastics ZAR 200,000.00 =
and microplastics along the A.2.1.2 Conduct an assessment/study of the microplastics in the
prevalence report for the 13,976.24 US$
5 priority rivers that will freshwater and marine system of the 5 priority rivers
priority rivers
guide future waste
A.2.1.3 Provide input into the final findings of the study and make
management interventions
recommendation for a way forward, including dissemination of
and a national rollout of the
information as per communications plan.
pilot project.
A.2.1.4 Ensure that weekly visit are logged (information needed by
the manager after each visit) and monthly report on waste
characterization, volumes and litter collected at each litter trap site
as well as litter collected upstream in communities (on land) from
WftC implementers, representatives, waste pickers or data collectors
are submitted to the Source to Sea project co-ordinator.
O.2.2. Monthly project and A.2.2.1 The appointed Source to Sea project co-ordinator to host Sub – total
Stakeholder Progress monthly meeting with the Municipality and committed stakeholder
ZAR 3,500,000.00 =
meetings and workshops on progress of the project and ensure project management.
244,584.21 US$
held

O.2.3 Project A.2.2.1 Host 1 project review workshop (Synthesis the lessons Sub – total
implementation review learned from the project implementation, Review communications,
report compiled deployment and implementation plans)
ZAR 240,000.00 =
A.2.2.2 Compile a project review report that includes a consolidated
16771.49 US$
methodology or collection of interventions that may be implemented
for replication / further up scaling/ roll out in other areas in South
Africa.
A2.2.3 Provide input into the new DEA Working for the Coast
Cycle (beyond pilot project)

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 Annex 3: Project Monitoring Plan
Project Title: Improvement of ecosystem health and water quality by implementing a Source to Sea based approach to tackle marine litter in five
priority river systems in Durban, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa

Project overall objective: To reduce the impacts of litter on the freshwater, coastal and marine environment and ecosystem health by
implementing river basin wide interventions to recover land-based and riverine based litter, thereby reducing marine litter loads, and reducing
litter generation at source.

Project Results Indicator Target/baseline Method

Outcome 1.0 IND.1.1 Target:

Reduced prevalence of Number of hot spots At least 5 Litter hot spot areas - List or map of identified hot spots via meetings,
marine litter through identified via the along each of the 5 priority rivers workshops and consultations
increased land- assessment process identified
- Theory of Change Workshop report
based/upstream litter and theory of change
Baseline:
recovery and waste processes
management interventions No hot spots have been identified
IND.1.2 Target: - Boom deployment and management plan with
schedule for litter removal as well as for data
One Deployment and One Deployment and management
reporting
management plan for plan for the 5 litter booms
- Monthly project meetings
the 5 litter booms developed
- Weekly log sheets of waste characterisation
developed
submitted to co-ordinator
- Partnerships and commitments secured via letter or
Baseline:
MOUs
No boom management or
deployment plan exists to date
IND.1.3 Target: - Litter traps deployed
5 Litter traps - Weekly litter reports on litter recovered from clean
5 Litter traps installed in the
installed in rivers up and at the boom
priority rivers and litter removal
and clean up teams - Waste sorting statistics (recyclables) where available
and cleanup is implemented as per
implement as per
deployment and implementation
deployment and
plan
implementation plan

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 Baseline:
Deployment plan once developed

IND.1.4 Target: - 1 communication strategy/ plan developed

Number of - Print media coverage
2 events held per year, 1
awareness raising - Awareness raising materials developed
electronic media coverage
events and schools - Letters/invitations/advert developed (to target
achieved.
outreach activity audience)
__________________________
held and Number of
electronic media Baseline:
coverage of marine Target audience have been
litter and waste determined along the hot sport
management per areas and venues are suitable for
year
hosting events
Outcome 2.0 IND.2.1. Target:
Increase in the scientific Monthly reports Number of monthly reports - Monthly progress meetings with stakeholders
information on marine compiled on waste compiled on waste
- Weekly data generated and compiled in monthly
litter and microplastics characterisation and characterisation and quantities of
statistics.
along the 5 priority rivers quantities of recovered litter
that will guide future waste recovered litter - Waste characterisation details documented.
management interventions
and a national rollout of Baseline:
the pilot project.
No baseline exists

IND.2.2 Target: - The TOR for the study to be commissioned

A report compiled - Appointment letters for researcher
1 report compiled
on the prevalence of - Draft and final report of findings
microplastics in the Baseline:
priority rivers
No baseline exists

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 IND.2.3 Target: - Project synthesis meetings/ workshop held
Project
1 project review report compiled - 1 report compiled that includes a consolidated
implementation
methodology or collection of interventions that may
review report Baseline: be implemented for replication / further up scaling/
compiled
No baseline exists roll out in other areas in South Africa.

Annex 4: Budget (Total budget for the Output applied for MUST NEVER exceed the ceiling given in the background document)
Category Quantity Unit Cost (US$) Total Cost (US$) WIOSAP Support Co-financing (US$)
(2yrs) (US$)
1. Personnel 1 Source to Sea Project Co- 69446.00
ordinator (ZAR 1 000 0000) 2,550,663.87 69,881.20 2,480,782.67
1 DEA Project support staff 34716.00 (ZAR 36,500,000.00) (ZAR 1,000,000.00) (ZAR 35,500,000.00)
124 Working for the Coast (ZAR 500 000)
participants) 19,706.50
(ZAR 282 000)
2. Equipment 5 Booms, receptacles and
equipment for waste removal 13,976.24 69,881.20 34,940.60 34,940.60
collection, recycling in each hot (ZAR 200,000.00 (ZAR 1,000,000.00) (ZAR 500,000.00) (ZAR 500,000.00)
spot in the 5 rivers per river)
3. Operating Telephone, communication 69,881.20 139,762.40 27,952.48 111,809.92
costs services, data logging and report (ZAR 1,000,000.00) (ZAR 2,000,000.00) (ZAR 400,000.00) (ZAR 1,600,000.00)
writing.

4. Contract 1 baseline assessment, 34,940.60 258,560.45 118,798.04 139,762.40

Services 1 microplastics study on 5 rivers, (ZAR 500,000.00) (ZAR 3,700,000.00) (ZAR 1,700,000.00) (ZAR2,000,000.00)
24 monthly boom management 13,976.24
and litter recording and (ZAR 200,000.00)
reporting, Project 209,643.61
implementation and management (ZAR 3,000,000.00)
workshops, meetings and data
logging, report writing,
Awareness raising materials and
event hosting.
5. Travel 4 Workshops, 2 events and 13,976.24 69,881.20 20,265.55 49,615.65
monthly project meetings (ZAR 200,000.00) (ZAR 1,000,000.00) (ZAR 290,000.00) (ZAR710,000.00)

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 TOTAL 3,088,749.12 271,837.87 2,816,911.25
(ZAR 44,200,000.00) (ZAR 3,890,000.00) (ZAR 40,310,000.00)

Annex 4.1: Budget justification

<Justification for all the budgetary requests must be made explaining why the different budget lines are necessary for project delivery. Cost effectiveness
and value for money will be an important consideration>

Category Justification
1. Personnel A Designated Source to Sea Project co-ordinator is a critical personnel required for the successful implementation
of this project. This designated personnel will fulfil the current non-existing role that required co-ordination between
the different levels of government, various departments and stakeholders as well as NGOs. The pilot project is in a
coastal province and required someone who will not be office bound. Currently, staff capacity within the Department
is a challenge and it is hoped that additional resources can be made available so that this project can be managed by a
designated person, and supported by existing staff who have various competing priorities. NB: The Department has
set aside a substantial budget to provide staff to assist with litter removal at the river.
2. Equipment Litter interception devices, such as litter booms, are a low cost solution to litter recovery in a riverine system. These
litter traps and mobile, easy to deploy and effective. They can be replaced, repaired and relocated during the project
duration. These devices have been installed in some rivers in the province already and are proving to be effective and
easy to maintain. A minimal amount of 5 booms is being requested to be funded (with the Department co-financing
50% of them). The project does not seek to be purchasing computers, printers, scanners or any electronic equipment.
3. Operating costs A project of this nature, which requires extensive consultation, feedback, report writing, workshop hosting, monthly
meetings, liaison and commitments is anticipated to have high operational costs.
4. Contract Services A thorough baseline assessment is needed in order to identify hot spot areas, workshops and meeting require
contractual accommodation and catering for delegates, the scientific study on the prevalence of microplastics has to
be outsourced (in-house capacity constraints exists), the litter boom maintenance and management will also be
contractually outsourced. There will be hosting of awareness raising event that require service providers to render
relevant services such as printing, banners (branding), media coverage, advertising ,etc.
5. Travel The Pilot project is in the Kwazulu Natal Province. The Ocean and coast Branch is in Cape Town (a 2 hr flight
away). The successful implementation of the project requires monthly meetings and regular stakeholder
engagements. The 5 river systems span the metropolitan area and travelling is not accessible by foot or public
transportation. The costing caters for air and land travel.

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