Qatar University

Engineering Faculty
Mechanical &Industrial Engineering Department

MECH 321 - Mechanical Mechanisms - L02

Fall 2022
DENSITY AND VISCOSITY MEASUREMENT DENSITY AND VISCOSITY
MEASUREMENT

Progress 1

Instructor: Prof. Asan Abdul Muthalif

Student’s name & ID:

Saoud Al-Mesallam 2020305
Firas ben Romdhane 20182017
Mohammad Elzubier 201707555
Mohammad Abed 201908376
Mohamed Abdelmoati 201807527
Table of Contents
1. Introduction: ................................................................................................................................. 7
1.1 Problem statement:........................................................................................................................ 7
1.2 Motivation:.................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Project objectives: ......................................................................................................................... 8
1.4 Background study: .................................................................................................................. 8
2. Project Formulation: .................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Design specifications .................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 Potential constrains ....................................................................................................................... 9
2.4 Proposed Design: .................................................................................................................. 10
2.5 Discussion: ............................................................................................................................ 13
3. Design alternatives: ..................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 design alternatives:...................................................................................................................... 13
3.2 feasibility assessment (decision matrix /Pugh matrix) ................................................................ 14
3.3 proposed design (selected final design): ..................................................................................... 14
3.4 Discussion: ............................................................................................................................ 15
4. Project management: .................................................................................................................. 15
4.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 15
4.2 Breakdown of The Work into Specific Tasks ............................................................................. 15
4.3 Organization of Work and Timeline ........................................................................................... 17
4.4 Breakdown of Responsibilities Among Team Members ...................................................... 18
4.5 Discussion ............................................................................................................................. 19
5. Engineering Design and Analysis: ............................................................................................. 20
5.1 Kinematic Analysis: .................................................................................................................... 20
5.2 Stress Analysis: ........................................................................................................................... 24
5.3 Force Analysis: ........................................................................................................................... 25
5.4 Material Selection (detail analysis considering issues such as material availability, cost,
manufacturability, recycling, etc.) .................................................................................................... 28
5.5 Final Design Overview (include engineering material and Bill of Material) ............................. 30
6. Testing and Evaluation ............................................................................................................... 31
 6.1 Development of Experiments - Description of Experiments/Simulations .................................. 31
6.2 Test Results from SolidWorks/Experiments ............................................................................... 31
6.3 Discussion ................................................................................................................................... 32
7. Prototype Construction and evaluation .................................................................................... 33
7.1 description of prototype and animation ....................................................................................... 33
7.2 Prototype design in SolidWorks .................................................................................................. 36
7.3 SolidWorks parts list: ..................................................................................................................... 39
7.5 construction of physical prototype: ............................................................................................. 45
7.6 Prototype Cost Analysis estimate ............................................................................................... 49
7.7 Evaluation of Experimental/ Simulation Results ........................................................................ 49
8. Conclusion: .................................................................................................................................. 50
8.1 Conclusion and Discussion ................................................................................................... 50
9 References:................................................................................................................................... 51
10 Appendices ............................................................................................................................... 52
- Appendix A: Detailed Engineering Drawings of All Parts

.......................................................................................................................................................... 52
- Appendix B: Detailed Raw Design Calculations and Analysis (Scanned Material)

.......................................................................................................................................................... 61
- Appendix C: Animation files description ....................................................................................... 63
Table of Figures
Figure 1: design 1: ................................................................................................................................. 10
Figure 2: design 2 .................................................................................................................................. 11
Figure 3: design 3 .................................................................................................................................. 12
Table 1: Pugh Matrix ............................................................................................................................. 14
Figure 4: Link 1 Angular Displacement.................................................................................................. 20
Figure 5: Link 1 Angular Velocity ........................................................................................................... 20
Figure: Link 1 Angular acceleration....................................................................................................... 20
Figure 6: Link 2 Angular Displacement.................................................................................................. 21
Figure 7: Link 2 Angular Velocity ........................................................................................................... 21
Figure 8: Link 2 Angular acceleration .................................................................................................... 21
Figure 9: Link 3 Angular Displacement.................................................................................................. 22
Figure 10: Link 3 Angular Velocity ......................................................................................................... 22
Figure 11: Link 3 Angular acceleration .................................................................................................. 22
Figure 12: Normal Stress ....................................................................................................................... 24
Figure 13: Force Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 25
Table 2: Reaction Force Results ............................................................................................................ 26
Table 3: Free Body Force Results .......................................................................................................... 26
Table 4: Free Body Moment Results ..................................................................................................... 27
Table 5: Connector Force Results ......................................................................................................... 27
Table 6: Bill of Material ......................................................................................................................... 30
Table 7: Results SolidWorks Vs vector loop equation .......................................................................... 31
Figure 14:using time to create motion in solid works .......................................................................... 33
Figure 15: position 1 ............................................................................................................................. 34
Figure 16: position 2 ............................................................................................................................. 34
Figure 4 parts description ..................................................................................................................... 35
Figure 17: Front view ............................................................................................................................ 36
Figure 18: top view ............................................................................................................................... 36
.............................................................................................................................................................. 37
Figure 19: left view................................................................................................................................ 37
Figure 20: right view ............................................................................................................................. 37
Figure 21: back view ............................................................................................................................. 38
Figure 22: isometric view ...................................................................................................................... 38
Figure 23: parts listed in SolidWorks .................................................................................................... 39
Figure 24: machine base ....................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 25: crank link .............................................................................................................................. 40
Figure 26: rocker link ............................................................................................................................ 41
Figure 27: coupler link........................................................................................................................... 41
Figure 28: coupler link........................................................................................................................... 42
Figure 29: Tube ..................................................................................................................................... 42
Figure 30: Stamping apparatus ............................................................................................................. 43
Figure 31: Gear...................................................................................................................................... 43
Figure 32: DC motor .............................................................................................................................. 44
Figure 33: cutting parts ......................................................................................................................... 45
Figure 34: aluminum parts .................................................................................................................... 46
Figure 35: assembly .............................................................................................................................. 47
Figure 36: assembly .............................................................................................................................. 47
Figure 37: final assembly ...................................................................................................................... 48
Table 8: Evaluation SolidWorks Vs vector loop equation ..................................................................... 49
1. Introduction:

1.1 Problem statement:

In this semester we are required as a team to represent a project that apply the principles
and theories of mechanical mechanism .so we are required to design a functional machine
based on mechanisms we learned this course and after we looked in many sources, we
decided to design a stamping machine.
Nowadays and since so far, stamps are commonly used especially in modern formal
and serious environments like companies and governments and mostly to verify their
identities and confirm it. And since it is highly needed, we are trying to improve the
efficiency of speeding up the process of stamping a tremendous number of documents and
could handle repetitive and monotonous tasks. This mechanism helps to increase the
process stamping lines in many companies and governments departments around the world.

1.2 Motivation:
 The stamping mechanism can be the key for companies and governments to increase
the number of documents in many processes. it speeds up for example the process of
verifying and can effectively help in reducing labor.

1.3 Project objectives:

❖ Build a mechanism that applies the principles and theories of mechanical mechanisms.
❖ Build a mechanism that can make our life easier
❖ Build a light and fast mechanism that can handle repetitive task
❖ Build a safe mechanism for all users that follows specific safety constraints.
❖ Build a low-cost mechanism.

1.4 Background study:

According to science, stamps were created in ancient Rome and Egypt a little more than
6,500 years ago. Nonetheless, stamps are now crucial for many nations and businesses
throughout the world, particularly Over 300 distinct types of stamps are presently in use
daily throughout the world. According to science, the people who create stamps are now
known as flexographers. There are many varied materials used to make stamps, but the
one that is most well-known is: Rubber stamps with logos, text, graphics, or borders that
may be customized to any size, shape, or design and utilized in airports, businesses, and
government organizations.
Rubber stamps are in high demand and are used daily, increasing their economic worth.
There are three primary purposes for rubber stamps, which have been classified as
3 categories: stamps for use in the office, stamps for decorating products, and stamps used
as kids’ toys.

2. Project Formulation:

2.1 Overview
 As stated in the introduction, our report will be about a stamping machine, but we will
focus on a modern design, and this is a new topic that many people are unfamiliar with. As a
result, our professor gave us many limitless ideas to choose from. Even though we reduced the
prototype's parameters. For example, the design's length, height, and weight, as well as the
addition of a belt and gear.
Furthermore, while working on the latest ideas and new field is a major difficulty that
was reduced and overcome step by step with the help of external sites and discussion with
professor and experts in the field.
Moreover, we discussed the price since we were worried about the supplies needed to
complete this project. We had a lot of trouble deciding on the project's materials because using
low-grade materials could significantly lower the project's quality.
In the end, we had to select the best option using a couple of proven processes like
house of quality and selection matrix to help us consider price, quality, and client happiness.

2.2 Design specifications

This section has covered the stamping mechanism's design strategy. Design
comprises of linkages, and frame. The base that serves as the main body of the
mechanism since the crank will be placed on it connected it with a motor by a belt. The
mechanism consists of 2 parts a crank-rocker and the double-rocker the circular motion
will be transferred to an arc motion which allow the stamping apparatus to swing from
side to side which is connected to the double rocker. The stamping machine mechanism
is subjected to stress from the moving parts therefore the frame should be stable in this
case we decide that the mechanism should not exceed 35kg and have a maximum
dimensions of 40x40x45cm since we need to achieve a crank rocker the linkages should
have specific values we agreed upon the longest link should be 37.5cm and the shortest
should be 16.5cm and the rest is 19cm and 35cm this will achieve the required motion,
furthermore, for the stamping apparatus the material used should be metal because it
is subjected to compressive stress and have a rubber tip with the desired logo on it to
transfer the ink to the paper

2.3 Potential constrains

- Economical: this is one of the main constrains the team face since the project need to
affordable therefore it affected the choice of material and the machining processes like
wielding and cutting
 - Size and dimension: one of the main constrains since the dimensions of each link should
be a certain length to ensure the mechanism achieves the desired motion, also, the size
of the whole mechanisms cannot exceed the given dimensions.

- Safety: safety is one of the main constrains since the stamping machine mechanism is
used in many manufacturing process it is subjected to a lot of cyclical stress this limited
the selection of material and the product dimensions, furthermore the mechanism will
have sharp corners therefore for it should be rounded off

- Sustainability: As engineers’ sustainability is an important subject to us therefore it

influenced the stamping machine mechanism design it was achieved by addressing the
above constrains in a way that it does not compromise the surrounding area such as the
environment and not to deplete natural resources by eliminating excess waste and using
rechargeable batteries and a handle as a power source.

2.4 Proposed Design:

Figure 1: design 1

Positive points:
 1- Unique design
2- Small size
3- Low cost

Negative points:

1- Complicated
2- It has a Magnetic end
3- More than one gear is used

Figure 2: design 2

Positive points:

1- Simple design
2- Quick mechanism
Negative points:

1- Heavy
2- Enormous size
3- Need more than one motor
4- Not practical for stamping
5- Excessive cost

Figure 3: design 3

Positive points:

1- Light weight
2- Small size
3- Simple design
4- Satisfy the project requirements
5- Fast mechanism

Negative points:
 1- Extra material

2.5 Discussion:

So far, there are many unique designs that can be chosen for this project to create an
efficient and simple stamping mechanism that can fulfill the requirements. However, each
design provides different functionality options and performs differently. This variety of options
must be limited by listing the advantages and disadvantages for each design. This technique
helps to choose the right design and more suitable one.

3. Design alternatives:

3.1 design alternatives:

The first alternative has a unique structure that requires accurate and complicated
calculations that consume time. its complex geometrics places some restrictions on the freedom
of mechanism movement. Also, containing multiple gears participating in the mechanism
which is unnecessary and complicates the design manufacture and cost more. adding to that it
contains unnecessary links which could slow the mechanism and cause the design to be
inefficient.

The second alternative can be used for heavy duty tasks since it contains large links
made of steel. It is more suitable for this design to be used as a stamping machine mechanism
for heavy objects. Also, since it is not light it might require two motors to operate the
mechanism and work functionally. All the points mentioned above will make this design
expensive. However, the mechanism is fast since it has two motors.

The third alternative is the most efficient and suitable design for the project. This is
because it is simple and functional at the same time. The links can be adjustable and
replaceable, which makes the design flexible and allows for a high range of motion. Moreover,
the simplicity of the design makes it easier to manufacture and assemble the parts. However, it
is not the cheapest design due to the extra materials used but it is the lowest among the three
alternatives.

3.2 feasibility assessment (decision matrix /Pugh matrix)

Table 1: Pugh Matrix

Concepts Alternative3 Alternative2 Alternative1 4

Criteria
weighted weighted weighted weighted
Weight rating rating rating rating
score score score score

Performance 20 0 - -20 - -20 s 0

Safety 5 0 - -5 + 5 s 0

realablity 20 0 - -20 + 5 s 0
Datum

Lightweight 20 0 + 20 - -20 s 0

manufacturability 25 0 + 25 + 25 s 0

Low cost 10 0 - -10 - -10 s 0

Totals
100 0 -10 -15 0

3.3 proposed design (selected final design):

According to Pugh matrix alternative 3 is the best choice, with this decision matrix we
were able to choose the most suitable design for the project using important criteria related not
just on performance but also safety, real ability, weight, manufacturability, and the cost. This
design was tested as a prototype, and it has proven that it is the perfect combination of
functionality and simplicity.

3.4 Discussion:

So far, this part has been important and decisive for our project. The process we took
helped to achieve the best possible solution. The process involved nomination of three
alternatives and compare between them based on different criteria starting with advantages and
disadvantages of each design, which resulted in choosing the third option to represent the
stamping machine due to its positive qualities and performance.

4. Project management:

4.1 Overview

To ensure that our aims are met, and our project is completed on time. we have used
timetable and distributed tasks among the team members to make sure that the project is
organized and to make sure each member has participated in the project. Tasks are divided
based on each member skills and strengths. The timetable shows different tasks that must be
completed during the semester. Setting a start date and due date for each task help us to manage
our time in the best way possible. Also, it helps us ensure that we met the deliverables before
the deadlines. Which saves our time and make us more efficient

4.2 Breakdown of The Work into Specific Tasks

1-choosing the best design

• Do research on stamping mechanisms
• Create 3 designs and draw them
• Evaluate the designs and choose the best one
 2-Making 3d model using solidworks
• Draw the links and parts of the mechanism
• Choose the right dimensions for each part
• Assembly the parts and links together
• Create motion study to test the mechanism

3-peform analysis on the design

• Perform kinematic analysis
• Perform force analysis
• Perform stress analysis
4- building the prototype
• Selecting the best available material
• Cut the material into required shapes for each with the specified the
dimensions
• Assembly the parts and links together using the available tools
• Test the mechanism and fix the defects if they are found.

The work that required for building stamping mechanism is divided into four different tasks,
which include choosing the best design, creating 3d model using solid works software,
performing analysis and calculations on the design, and building the physical prototype. Each
task has three or more subtasks. Breaking work into specific tasks is a common productivity
method used to make the work more manageable.
4.3 Organization of Work and Timeline
4.4 Breakdown of Responsibilities Among Team Members
 To show the contribution of each member, a table was made showing each member
responsibility and tasks. Each member selected the task that matches his skills that will help us
accomplish our goals faster before the deadlines. Members who have experience in using solid
works software will take responsibility of modelling the design, performing analysis, and
conducting simulation. While Other members who have problem solving skills and creative
thinking have the responsibility of performing the calculations, finding the right dimensions,
creating timeline chart, and drafting the report. However, we make sure that each member
performs equal contributions in designing process and understanding every step we need to
complete the project. Also, alongside individual tasks there was group tasks. Such as
brainstorming ideas, finding solutions for any faced problems, doing the presentations and
reports.

Member name Responsibility

Saoud Al-Mesallam modeling the design
creating animation
Kinematic, force and Stress Analysis
Mohamed Abdelmoati modeling the design
Firas Working on report
Working on Presentation
modeling the design
Mohamed Elzubier Working on report
modeling the design
Mohamed abed Working on report
Working on Presentation
modeling the design

4.5 Discussion

Briefly, creating tables that distribute work into tasks and using charts to manage our
time while working on project in best way possible will help us to save a lot of time and
complete the project in time. Working as a team has helped us overcome many problems, we
faced during the design process and provide effective solutions. For example, changing our
mechanism function from pick and place to be stamping mechanism.
5. Engineering Design and Analysis:

5.1 Kinematic Analysis:

Figure 4: Link 1 Angular Displacement

Figure 5: Link 1 Angular Velocity

Figure: Link 1 Angular acceleration

 Figure 6: Link 2 Angular Displacement

Figure 7: Link 2 Angular Velocity

Figure 8: Link 2 Angular acceleration

Figure 9: Link 3 Angular Displacement

Figure 10: Link 3 Angular Velocity

Figure 11: Link 3 Angular acceleration

Results:

Ɵ1 = 0

Ɵ2 = 64°

Ɵ3 = 87.35°

Ɵ4 = 114°

To find ω in rad/s we need to use below equation.

2𝜋𝑁
𝜔=
60

2𝜋30
𝜔2 = = 𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60

2𝜋39
𝜔3 = = 4.16 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60

2𝜋52
𝜔4 = = 5.44𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
60

Since ω2 is constant α2 is zero.

𝛼2 = 0

𝛼3 = 7.64 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 2

𝛼4 = 20.94 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 2

By using solid works motion analysis, we obtained these results and it will be compared to
the actual results and the error will be discussed below so we know if the results are accurate
or not.
5.2 Stress Analysis:

Figure 12: Normal Stress

A value of 1.598*10-6 N/m2 was recorded as the minimal stress applied, which was observed
to be uniform throughout the entire model. Given its extremely small magnitude and the fact
that it would have no noticeable impact on the model, this number is neglected. The highest
stress that exists is 9.58*105 N/m2.This value is very huge and could seriously damage and
destroy the prototype. Furthermore, as shown by the figure, stress levels are low through the
prototype approximately 3.14*103 N/m2 and can be further decreased by rounded/filleted
edges.
5.3 Force Analysis:

Figure 13: Force Analysis

 Table 2: Reaction Force Results
Component Selection, (N)

Sum X: -10.2

Sum Y: 26.8

Sum Z: 20

Resultant: 34.9

Table 3: Free Body Force Results

Component Selection, (N)

Sum X: 30.515

Sum Y: 57.59

Sum Z: -148.93

Resultant: 162.57
 Table 4: Free Body Moment Results
Component Selection, (Nm)

Sum X: 0

Sum Y: 0

Sum Z: 0

Resultant: 2.18E-11

Table 5: Connector Force Results

Force (N) Connector
Shear Force (N) 27.819 Pin Connector-1 Joint 1
Axial Force (N) -7.3421 Pin Connector-1 Joint 1
Bending moment (N.m) 0.099338 Pin Connector-1 Joint 1
Torque (N.m) 4.42E-14 Pin Connector-1 Joint 1
Shear Force (N) 27.819 Pin Connector-1 Joint 2
Axial Force (N) 7.3421 Pin Connector-1 Joint 2
Bending moment (N.m) 0.051353 Pin Connector-1 Joint 2
Torque (N.m) 4.36E-14 Pin Connector-1 Joint 2
Shear Force (N) 110.59 Pin Connector-2 Joint 1
Axial Force (N) 20.406 Pin Connector-2 Joint 1
Bending moment (N.m) 0.26848 Pin Connector-2 Joint 1
Torque (N.m) 1.43E-13 Pin Connector-2 Joint 1
Shear Force (N) 110.59 Pin Connector-2 Joint 2
Axial Force (N) -20.406 Pin Connector-2 Joint 2
Bending moment (N.m) 0.28353 Pin Connector-2 Joint 2
All forces exerted on the entire model prototype were calculated by simulation using Solid
Works. reaction force was measured, which is the force opposing the applied action forces
and operating on the entire body. The sum of x, y and z forces yields a resultant of 34.9 N
upwards. The resultant force generated by the free body forces, which are caused by external
loads, contact forces, and constraints, was about 162.57 N. It has been found that the free
body forces are sufficiently strong to significantly deform the prototype and result in wear
and tear or failure. For body moments the resultant is 2.18E-11 and is in significant due to
the fact that the mechanism was secured so only the acting moment was torque induced by
the motor. furthermore, a detailed force results breaking down the forces on each joint in the
mechanism to show the Shear Force, Axial Force, Bending moment, Torque and Shear
Force

5.4 Material Selection (detail analysis considering issues such as material

availability, cost, manufacturability, recycling, etc.)
According to the availability and cost, we had to choose between steel and aluminium, we have
chosen aluminium due to many reasons, steel is stronger than aluminium, yet we don’t need that
feature since the function is stamping. But for welding purpose, we used steel for the frame. And
for the availability since our main source is campus workshop, we have flexibility when we use
steel & Aluminium for different thicknesses and types.
 5.5 Final Design Overview (include engineering material and Bill of Material)

Table 6: Bill of Material

ITEM NO. PART NUMBER Dimensions QTY. Material Cost

1 Frame 30X15X0.4 1 Steel

$ 8.82

2 stamp part 13.5X3X1.5 1 Acrylic

$ 1.62
3 Link 2 6X2X0.6 1 Alumuim
$ 0.40

4 Link 4 9.5X3X0.6 1 Alumuim

$ 6.73

5 Link 3 18X2X0.6 1 Alumuim

$ 8.64

6 Link 5 22X3X0.6 2 Alumuim

$ 6.34

7 Link 7 7.8X1.6X0.6 1 Alumuim

$ 3.00
8 Gear 1 9.5X19.5X1 1 Alumuim
$ 6.30

9 Gear 2 11.3X11.3X1 1 Alumuim

$ 7.50
6. Testing and Evaluation

6.1 Development of Experiments - Description of Experiments/Simulations

This part covers most of the trials and errors we encountered when modelling the process, as
well as how we dealt with, solved, or adapted to them. This will only include simulations for
our final prototype, not any previous designs. The simulation was made up of numerous
components, each with its own set of issues. We were forced to change the size of our design,
our journey, and the disposal process twice.

6.2 Test Results from SolidWorks/Experiments

Table 7: Results SolidWorks Vs vector loop equation

Variable SolidWorks Theorical

Ɵ3 87.35 72.14

Ɵ4 114 120.21

ω3 4.16 4.46

ω4 5.44 5.88

α3 7.24 5.24

α4 20.94 21.3
6.3 Discussion

We learnt how to simulate and run numerous tests, assess various variables, and recognize
that we must always include a safety factor in all our computations. We also realized that
developing a system in real life is overly expensive since trial-and-error procedures were
used instead of simulation software, because many things are prone to change and failure,
all of which would be expensive to replace or upgrade every time. This concludes this
portion, and we will go to the next stage, which is design considerations and how to quantify
the system's impact.

The final simulation met all the criteria, and the stamping link was overcome by utilizing a
fixed force while maintaining the gear ratio. When the motor begins to turn on. Our last
simulation was successful and precisely what we needed to observe how the entire
assembly is set up and how the mechanisms would operate together. We also discovered
several customizable options in the design that, if deployed without improvement, would
have wrecked the system.
7. Prototype Construction and evaluation

7.1 description of prototype and animation

in our prototype, the motion is controlled through a manual handle is installed to a large gear
meshed with another smaller gear that is attached to the crank. the crank is rotated in a fully
circular motion. the two gears rotate together in order to rotate the crank. the crank is attached
to a coupler which transmit the rotation motion to the rocker link. allowing for the smooth
motion of the links and a perfectly functional stamping machine.

Figure 14:using time to create motion in solid works

solid work was used to make an application video for the project, showing how the whole
mechanism is working and the functionality of each link. we started by drawing each part
separately first the base that will hold each part we are going to design together then the links
with the right dimensions according to the hand calculation also we designed the gears from
scratch using the equations in solid works and finally assemble the parts together in order to
have a full motion preview for the mechanism. the following are some pictures to
demonstrate how it works.
Figure 15: position 1

Figure 16: position 2

 Crank

coupler

Gear

Rocker

Figure 2 parts description

7.2 Prototype design in SolidWorks

Figure 17: Front view

Figure 18: top view

Figure 19: left view

Figure 20: right view

 Figure 21: back view

Figure 22: isometric view

7.3 SolidWorks parts list:

Figure 23: parts listed in SolidWorks

Figure 24: machine base

Figure 25: crank link

Figure 26: rocker link

Figure 27: coupler link

Figure 28: coupler link

Figure 29: Tube

Figure 30: Stamping apparatus

Figure 31: Gear

Figure 32: DC motor
7.5 construction of physical prototype:

Manufacturing process:

Figure 33: cutting parts

choosing the material and cutting parts with the right dimension using water jet machine.
 Figure 34: aluminum parts

collected parts ready to be assembled.

 Figure 35: assembly
Assembling the parts with the base

Figure 36: assembly

 Figure 37: final assembly

prototype video.mp4

video showing how the mechanism prototype is working manually and functionally.
7.6 Prototype Cost Analysis estimate
7.7 Evaluation of Experimental/ Simulation Results

Table 8: Evaluation SolidWorks Vs vector loop equation

Variable SolidWorks Theorical Difference

Ɵ3 87.35 72.14 21%

Ɵ4 114 120.21 5%

ω3 4.16 4.46 7%

ω4 5.44 5.88 7%

α3 7.24 5.24 38%

α4 20.94 21.3 2%

In this table we compared results from SolidWorks analyse Vs results from analyse using
vector loop equation we achieved this by making so assumptions to simplify the problem
assumption are: Ɵ1= 0 , Ɵ2 = 64°, 𝜔2 = 𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 , 𝛼2 = 0. Futhermore, as showen in the table
above there is a small difference between SolidWorks and Theorical however there are two
variables that are inconsistence with the trend Ɵ3 & α3 this error could be the result of human error
due to VLE has many equations and mistakes are frequent when solving them another cause could
be Ɵ3 was difficult to get from SolidWorks since it wasn’t clear where is the datum is.
8. Conclusion:

8.1 Conclusion and Discussion

Finally, our product may be built through a few of processes of creating a physical
prototype. Furthermore, the processes for lifting and inserting the stamp are realistic and
might be applied in a practical application. Furthermore, our product was tested for all
client and competitor constraints and specifications, and it delivers a high stamping rate per
minute. We considered many design alternatives and simulated the rotating dropping
mechanism design, but we discovered it heavy, enormous size and more over costly to be
manufactured and produced in plenty and several numbers.

Therefore, we had to replace many ideas from belt mechanism to a linkage to a single gear
to double gears. We have changed our mechanism from pick and place to stamping
mechanism. One of problems that we faced is the gears are not matching because the water
jet machine is not very accurate, but we have manged to make it work. We have achieved
our goals, but we can also improve the design. In this project, we have learned a lot of
things such as distributing work, organizing time and how to deal with problems that we
faced as team.
9 References:
- https://www.stempelservice.de/journal/artikel/wie-werden-stempel-hergestellt
- https://therubberstampcompany.com/about-us
- Aluminum price conversions, cost calculator (aqua-calc.com)
- https://www.aqua-calc.com/calculate/materials-price
10 Appendices
- Appendix A: Detailed Engineering Drawings of All Parts

Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
- Appendix B: Detailed Raw Design Calculations and Analysis (Scanned
Material)
- Appendix C: Animation files description