L20 - Roman Architecture 2
L20 - Roman Architecture 2
L20 - Roman Architecture 2
Roman Architecture II
Geology
The Roman Empire (753 BC - 395 AC) can be divided to three main
periods:
3. Roman Empire (31-395 AC): Which had the separation of West and
East
Roman Architecture shapes spaces - H. Kahler
Greek Roman
The Roman
Greek public
architecture is an
architecture was made
architecture of space,
up of sculptural
VS enclosed internal
masses set in balanced
space and outdoor
contrast to the
space, opened on
landscape
grand scale
Architectural Character
• The Romans adopted the columnar style
of the Greeks and joined to it the arch, the
vault, and the Dome
• From about 200 to 100 BC, this facing consisted of random masonry
• During the next two centuries, regular square bricks were used, set
on the diagonal
• After about 100 AD, at bricks or tiles were used as the facing
fl
New Orders
The Arch of Titus, in the forum in Rome, built in 82 AD, is considered the
first example of a Composite order
Columns Arrangement
• The temple building was set at the back of the enclosure facing the
entrance and had a blank, rear wall
• An open-air altar was retained on the axis between the front of the
temple building and the entrance to the enclosure
Etruscan Temple
The cella was a simple rectangular room, it used to be three cellas side-
by side for a triad of gods
Etruscan Temple
• The material used in buildings were timber, mud brick and terra-cotta,
but the podium was built from stone
• Side colonnades
• The water from the stream would be diverted into the inclined trench
through an inlet, would rise to the openings of the vertical shafts, and then
overflow, watering the dry land
Etruscan Cuniculus
The last shaft in the row was connected to an outlet, leading to a dry valley.
The outlet allowed the water to continue flowing into the dry valley, creating a
new stream
Etruscan Cuniculus