FACULTY OF APPLIED & COMPUTER SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES

DIPLOMA:
METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

SUBJECT : PHYSICS 1 (AUGUMENTED)

SUBJECT CODE : APHYS1B
DATE : 17 MAY 2024
EXAMINER(S) : MR. C. DLAMINI
MODERATOR(S) : MR. F.P. NEMALILI
TOTAL MARKS : 64 MARKS
FULL MARKS : 60 MARKS
DURATION : 2 HOURS
_______________________________________________________

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. Read all instructions carefully.

2. Please answer all the questions.
3. All questions to be completed in the provided exam answer booklet.
4. Make sure you hand in all necessary documents.
5. Please write neatly and legibly.
6. Questions can be answered in any order, but subsections must be in order.

THE QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF: 6 TYPED PAGES INCLUDING THE FRONT PAGE.

DO NOT TURN THE PAGE BEFORE PERMISSION IS GRANTED

[PHYSICS 1_APHYS1B – SEMESTER TEST 2] [May 2024

QUESTION 1 (MULTIPLE CHOICE) MARKS [16]

1.1. A motorcyclist is trying to leap across the canyon by driving horizontally off a cliff
38.0 m/s. Ignoring air resistance, find the speed with which the cycle strikes the
ground on the other side. [3]

A. 46.2 m/s
B. 46.2 m/s2
C. 27.53 m/s
D. 758 m/s
E. 46.2 m/s2

1.2. Which one of the following is not a non-conservative force? [2]

A. Frictional force
B. Pull force
C. Air resistance
D. Gravitational force
E. None of the above

1.3. Which of the following decay results in transmutation? [2]

A. 𝛼 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑦
B. 𝛽 + 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑦
C. 𝛽 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑦
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

1.4. A block of mass M is held motionless on a frictionless inclined plane by means of

a string attached to a vertical wall as shown in the drawing. What is the
magnitude of the tension T in the string? [3]

A. Mg cotθ.
B. Mg cosθ.
C. Mg tanθ.
D. Mg.
E. Mg sinθ.

2
1.5. A dentist’s chair with a patient in it weighs 2100 N. The output plunger of a
hydraulic system begins to lift the chair when the dentist’s foot applies a force of
55 N to the input piston. Neglect any height difference between the plunger and
the piston. What is the ratio of the radius of the plunger to the radius of the
piston? [3]
A. 6.200
B. 38.20
C. 0.012
D. 0.110
E. 12.60

146
1.6. How much time is required before a 2.50 mg sample of 61𝑃𝑚 (𝑇1/2 = 2020 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠)
is reduced to 1.25 mg? [3]
A. 3030 days
B. 4040 days
C. 8080 days
D. 16200 days
E. 2020 days

Question 2 [48 marks]

2.1. Define/state the following in words.

(a) Archimedes principle. [2]
(b) Work-energy theorem. [2]
(c) Principle of conservation momentum. [2]

2.2. A placekicker kicks a football at an angle of 40 degrees and the initial speed of
the ball is 22 m/s as shown in the figure below. Ignoring air resistance:

(a) Determine the maximum height that the ball attains. [3]
(b) What is the time of flight between kickoff and landing? [3]
(c) Calculate the range R of the projectile. [3]

3
2.3. A runner is travelling at a constant speed of 30 m/s when he passes a stationary
bear next to the lake. One second after he passes a stationary bear, the bear
starts chasing him and accelerates at a constant rate of 7.5 m/s2. How long
afterwards will the bear catch up with the runner? [6]

2.4. The drawing shows a collision between two pucks on an air-hockey table. Puck A
has a mass of 0.025 kg and is moving along the x axis with a velocity of
+ 5.5 m/s. It makes a collision with puck B, which has a mass of 0.050 kg and is
initially at rest. The collision is not head-on. After the collision, the two pucks fly
apart with the angles shown in the drawing. Find the final speed of puck A and
puck B. [7]

2.5. A pipe of varying inner diameter carries oil. At point 1 the radius is 0.15 m, and
the pressure is150 kPa. At point 2, which is 3 m lower than point 1, the radius is
0.10 m. If the flow rate is 0.09 m3/s, what is the pressure at the second point?
[relative density of oil = 0.8] [5]

2.6. The density of ice is 917 kg/m3, and the density of sea water is 1025 kg/m3. A
swimming polar bear climbs onto a piece of floating ice that has a volume of 5.60
m3. What is the weight of the heaviest bear that the ice can support without
sinking completely beneath the water? [4]

4
2.7. In the drawing, the weight of the block on the table is 185 N and that of the
hanging block is 422 N. The friction coefficient between the 185 N and the table
is 0.125. Assuming the pulley to be massless and frictionless. Calculate the
acceleration of the two blocks, and the tension in the cord. [6]

2.8. The sodium 1123𝑁𝑎 has an atomic mass of 22.989770 u. Calculate:

(a) the mass defects [2]
(b) the nuclear binding energy (in Joules). [3]
(c) Write the -decay process for 11
23𝑁𝑎 . [2]

END

5
EXAMINATION FORMULAE SHEET & CONSTANTS
Acceleration due to gravity g = 9.80 m/s2
Universal Gravitational con G = 6.672 x 10–11 N.m2/kg2
Density of water ρ = 1000 kg/m3
Density of ice ρ = 917 kg/m3
Weakest audible sound Io = 1.00 x 10–12 W/m2
Proportionality constant k = 9.00 x 109 N.m2/C2
Speed of light c = 3.00 x 108 m/s
Avogadro’s number NA = 6.022x1023
Mass of Hydrogen atom 1.007825 u = 1.673 534 x 10–27 kg
Mass of neutron 1.008665 u = 1.674 927 x 10–27 kg
Conversion factor 1 u = 931.5 MeV

1
𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2 𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡
2

1
𝑉 2 𝑓 = 𝑉 2 𝑜 + 2𝑎𝑠 𝑠 = (𝑉𝑜 + 𝑉𝑓 )𝑡
2

1
𝑊𝑛𝑐 + ∆𝐾𝐸 + ∆𝑃𝐸 𝐸𝑘 = 𝑚𝑣 2
2

𝑊
𝐸𝑝 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ 𝑃=
𝑡

𝐹
𝑃𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 = 𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑝 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ 𝑃=
𝐴

1 1
𝑃1 + 𝑝𝑉 2 1 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ1 = 𝑃2 + 𝑝𝑉 2 2 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ2 𝐴1 𝑉1 = 𝐴2 𝑉2
2 2

𝑄 = 𝐴𝑣

6
 Memorandum
Question 1
1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6.
1.1.
A D D E A E

Question 2
2.1. (a) Archimedes principle states the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body
immersed in a fluid, whether partially or fully submerged, is equal to the weight of
the fluid that the body displaces and acts in the upward direction at the centre of
mass of the displaced fluid.
(b) Work-energy theorem states that the work done by the net force on an object is
equal to the change in kinetic energy of the object
(c) Principle of conservation momentum states that the conservation of momentum
states that, within some problem domain, the amount of momentum remains
constant; momentum is neither created nor destroyed, but only changed through
the action of forces as described by Newton's laws of motion.

2.2. (a) 𝑉𝐹2 = 𝑉𝑦𝑜2 + 2𝑎𝑦 𝑦

0 = (22 sin 40)2 − 2 × 9.8𝑦
𝑦 = 𝐻 = 10.2 𝑚
1
(b) 𝑦 = 𝑉𝑜𝑦 𝑡 + 2 𝑎𝑦𝑡 2
1
0 = (22 sin 40𝑡) − × 9.8𝑡 2
2
𝑡 = 1.70𝑠
(c)
𝑥 = 𝑉𝑜𝑥 𝑡 = (22 cos 40) × 1.7 = 28.63 𝑚

7
2.3. 𝑥 = 𝑉𝑜 𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑟𝑢𝑛𝑒𝑟
1 2
𝑥= 𝑎𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟
2
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑦 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑤𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
1
𝑉𝑜 𝑡 = 𝑎𝑡 2
2
1
𝑉𝑜 = 𝑎𝑡
2
2 × 30
𝑡= =8
7.5
𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 8 + 1 = 9𝑠

2.4. 𝑚𝐴 𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑣𝐵 = 𝑚𝐴 𝑣𝐴𝑥 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑣𝐵𝑥

0.025 × 5.5 + 0 = 0.025 × 𝑣𝐴 cos 65 + 0.05𝑣𝐵 cos 37
0.138 = 0.011𝑣𝐴 + 0.04𝑣𝐵

𝑚𝐴 𝑣𝐴𝑖𝑦 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑣𝐵𝑖𝑦 = 𝑚𝐴 𝑣𝐴𝑓𝑦 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑣𝐵𝑓𝑦

0 + 0 = 0.025𝑣𝐴 sin 65 − 0.05𝑣𝐵 sin 37
𝑉𝐴 = 1.33𝑉𝐵

Sub (2) into (1)

0.138 = 0.011(1.33𝑉𝐵 ) + 0.04𝑉𝐵
0.138 = 0.0546𝑉𝐵
𝑉𝐵 = 2.53 𝑚/𝑠

𝑉𝐴 = 1.33𝑉𝐵
𝑉𝐴 = 1.33 × 2.53 = 3.36 𝑚/𝑠

𝑝𝑠𝑢𝑏
2.5. 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑙 = 𝑝 → 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 1000 × 0.8 = 800 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟

𝑄 0.09 𝑚 𝑄 0.09
𝑉1 = = 2
= 1.27 𝑉2 = = = 2.86 𝑚/𝑠
𝐴1 𝜋 × 0.15 𝑠 𝐴2 𝜋 × 0.12
1
𝑃2 = 𝑃1 + 𝑝(𝑉12 − 𝑉22 ) + 𝑝𝑔(ℎ1 − ℎ2 )
2
1
𝑃2 = 150000 + × 800 × (1.272 − 2.862 ) + 800 × 9.8(3 − 0)
2
𝑃2 = 170893.32 𝑃𝑎

8
2.6. 𝐹𝐵 = 𝑊𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟 + 𝑊𝑖𝑐𝑒
𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟 = 𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑞 𝑉𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑔 − 𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑉𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑔
𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟 = (1025 − 917) × 9.8 × 5.6
𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟 = 5927.04 𝑁

2.7 𝑓𝑜𝑟 422 𝑛 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 𝑚𝑎

𝑊22 − 𝑇 = 𝑚𝑎
422 − 𝑇 = 43.06𝑎
𝑇 = 422 − 43.06𝑎

𝑓𝑜𝑟 185 𝑁 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘

𝐹𝑁 = 𝑊
𝑓𝑘 = 𝑢𝑘 𝐹𝑁
𝑓𝑘 = 0.125 × 185 = 23.125 𝑁

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 𝑚𝑎

𝑇 − 𝑓 = 𝑚𝑎
𝑇 = 18.88𝑎 + 23.125
Equate the tension.
422 − 43.06𝑎 = 18.88𝑎 + 23.125
422 − 23.125
𝑎= = 6.44 𝑚/𝑠 2
43.06 + 18.88
𝑇 = 18.88 × 6.44 + 23.125 = 144.71 𝑁

2.8. a. ∆𝑚 = (11 × 1.007276 + (12 × 1.0086665) − 22.989770 = 2.087486u

𝑀𝑒𝑉
b. 𝐸 = ∆𝑚 × 931.5𝑀𝑒𝑉 = (2.087486𝑢) × (931.5 ) = 1943.5 𝑀𝑒𝑉
𝑢
23 19
c. 11𝑁𝑎 → 9𝐹 + 42𝐻𝑒