This reading strategy helps you “warm up” your brain for in-depth reading, identify the important facts and concepts, understand how the information relates, and retain the information in your memory. This reading strategy is effective because it helps move the information and concepts from your short-term to your long-term memory. The basic principle is layering – creating layers of information, which build upon one another, is better than trying to absorb everything all at once.
S stands for Survey
The goal of surveying is to discover the main point of the reading material, and to identify the relationship between the parts and subtopics. Analogously, viewing the entire road trip first helps make sense of the smaller driving segments along the way. If you find your mind wandering during this step, read aloud. Also, try standing up and slowly walking around the room as you read. 1. Think about the chapter title. What might the chapter be about? 2. Read the introduction, and then the main headings and subheadings. 3. Glance at charts, tables, pictures, and graphics. 4. Read the chapter summary quickly
Q stands for Question
Questioning gives purpose to reading. Reading becomes an active search for information and your concentration and focus improve. • Turn headings and subheadings into questions. Ask who, what, where, when, why, and how about the headings. • Look for topic sentences (often the first or last sentence of the paragraph) and turn them into questions. • Make chapter objectives into questions. • Use the authors' questions at the beginning or end of the chapter. Use a workbook or study guide for questions.
R #1 stands for Read
Read the paragraphs under a particular heading so that you are reading a small amount at a time. Stop when finished with that section. Two important purposes in reading textbook and articles are to 1) get the main ideas of a paragraph, a section, and a whole chapter, and 2) locate important details that support the main ideas. • Textbooks only (not popular press): Read the first two and last two paragraphs in each section; then re-read the first two and last two sentences of each paragraph. Most of the main points are in those sections of a well-written textbook. • Read to answer the questions developed • Move quickly (practice speedreading) • Sort out ideas and evaluate them
R #2 stands for Recite
Repetition at this stage is key; it also bodes well for auditory learners. Reciting does not guarantee memory, but the more senses you use in learning, the better you will remember the information. Reciting will help you remember more, reduce the need to re-read, and get more of your senses involved in the learning experience. Follow this technique for effective learning through recitation: • Aloud, try to answer the questions you generated from the headings. First, try to answer the questions in your own words; next, try to answer using a few key words from the text. • Aloud, state from memory the main points of the section you just read.
• Take time after each section to recite. You should not leave all the reciting until the completion of the whole chapter.
R #3 stands for Rephrase
Rephrasing means to take the main points from key paragraphs and rephrase into something more memorable for you. What that something is will depend greatly on your preferred learning style. In order to accomplish the R #3 step successfully, perform one or more of the following strategies. • Underline or highlight key words or phrases, not whole sentences. • Summarize key points in your own words on the margin of the page. • Develop summary notes if each text chapter does not include a summary. • Make a noting system (e.g., single underline = main point; “X” = Example). • Outline the chapter or sections of the chapter. This method forces attention to the structure of the material. • Using questions from step 2, answer them using only key words, listings, etc. needed to recall the whole idea.
R #4 stands for Review
Without review, most students forget 80% of what they read in just one to two weeks. Your goal as an efficient and effective student is to use review to move information from your short-term into your long-term memory. Use the techniques that work best for you. • Answer the questions from headings 2-3 times weekly. Great for short bursts. Great for layering in the information. • Cover your text and try to recite the main points you highlighted in each section. Do the same with any notes you have. • Write a short paragraph stating only the main ideas of an entire section or chapter. These ideas may form the basis of essay-type questions. Remember, if you can’t say it or write it, you don’t know it. Work with your brain. • Review in short bursts of 5-10 minutes rather than for several consecutive hours. Our brains work better that way
R #5 stands for Reflection
When you reflect on any type of experience, the experience becomes a part of you. The sights, sounds, tastes, and smells of any situation can remain with you for many years. By reflecting upon the content of your reading, you help make it a part of your subconscious. Consider the following while reflecting: • Have I experienced anything like this before? How was it the same? How was it different? • How is this information relevant to my family and me? • How will this information affect my ability to pursuit the Lord’s calling upon my life? • How did the people or characters in the narratives think and feel about the situation? If I were in that situation, would I think, feel, or act differently? In what ways? Why?
A Few More Points
The SQ5R is an adaptation of the original SQ3R, which became the SQ4R and now the SQ5R. Here are a few more points: • The main idea is you want to layer in the information. Adding in layers solidifies the concepts much better than reading straight through just to get the reading “done.” What’s the point if you don’t comprehend or retain it? • The order of the first three steps (S-Q-R) matters most. They may seem trite, but each step serves purpose. • If you don’t have time for one of the R’s, be sure to include the Reflect process; this can be one of the most powerful. • Conduct the survey quickly. Scan and flip through the pages at a rate of about 4-5 per minute.