SOP

VIRUS SW-80 ‘GARUD

TECHNICAL BRIEFS PROPORTIONS

Wing span 10.5 m

Length 6.5 m
Height 2.05 m
Aspect ratio 11.8
Positive flap down 1st 15 degree
Positive flap down 2nd 25 degree

PERFORMANCE

To roll distance at MTOM 140 m (459 feet)

Roll with 50 ft obsticle 225 m (738 feet
Landing distance 50ft/15m 460 m (1510feet)
Max distance cruise speed 325 NM (603 km)
Service ceiling 6200 m (20300 feet)
Best economy cruising level 6000 ft (13.6 ltrs/hr)

CENTRE OF GRAVITY

Centre of gravity __ 20%-38% (means aerodynamic chord ) 220mm-

368mm backward of datum.
Max positive wing load - +4G
Max negative wing load - -2G
Tested to safety factor of - +7.5G

WEIGHTS

Standard empty weight 275 kg

Max take off and landing weight 472.5 kg
Minimum combined cockpit crew weight 55 kg
Max load per seat 110 kg
Max useful load 197.5 kg
Max fuel weight 38 kg

FUEL LIMITATIONS
Fuel full capacity 50 ltrs
Fuel capacity usable 48 ltrs
Unusable fuel 02 ltrs
Oil capacity 03 ltrs
Fuel flow at cruise speed 3.6 ltr/hr
Endurance (48ltr) with 30 min reserve 03 Hrs
Range at cruise speed(except reserve) 325 NM(603 km)
 PERFORMANCE/SPEED

Stall speed(flap 25 deg) 35 kts (65kmph)

Stall speed(flap 15 deg) 38 kts (70kmph)
Clean stall(flap retracted) 43 kts (80kmph)
Best climb speed 76 kts (140kmph)
Best cruising speed 112 kts (207kmph)
Best climb rate speed 52 kts
Best range speed 58 knots
Best lift/drag ratio(flap 15 deg) 17:1
Min sink rate 56 knots (108 kmph)
Min sink rate at 50 kts(92kmph) full flap 440 FPM (2.2m/s)
Min sink rate +15 deg 460 FPM (2.3m/s)

GLIDE : The glide is defined as unpowered wings – level flight at speed providing best lift
over drag ratio or minimum sink rate.

* Should engine become inoperative / Glide

* Fly at a speed best lift/drag ratio for greatest distance/range from a given altitude.
* Fly at minimum sink rate to stay airborne for more time or longest/ endurance.
* If engine fails in climb, a/c loses 30 mts (100 ft) before reaching best glide speed.
* Every 05 degree C of OAT increase versus ISA climb rate decrease by 0.3 m/s.
* Every 10 degree C of OAT increase versus ISA the cruise speed (at 5300 rpm)
decreases by 3 knots.
* When outside temp reaches 30 degree C consider climbing at 85 knots to provide
more air flow to engine radiator.
* Above 85 knots (160 kmph) rudder become insignificant in comparison to rudder in
turn.
* Landing in strong turbulence gusty winds air speed must be increased by half of
value of wind gust.
* In very strong winds 20 knots and more use retracted flaps App & landing

SPEED LIMITATIONS

(VSO) Stall speed landing configuration (full flap) 35 kts (65 kmph)
(VS) Stall speed (flaps up) 43 kts (80 kmph)
(VFE15) Max speed (flaps 15 degree) 70 kts (130 kmph)
(VFE 25) Max speed (flaps 25 degree) 55 kts (102 kmph)
(VA) Best maneuvering speed 86 kts (160 kmph)
(VNE) Velocity never exceed 135 kts(250 kmph)
(VNO) velocity normal 108 kts (201kmph)
Max turbulent speed 108 kts (201 kmph)
Max cross wind component 15 kts
Flight with one door open 60 kts (110 kts)
Flight with one door removed Normal operational
envelope
 MANEUVER LIMITS

* Flying with both cabin doors open is prohibited.

* Power on/off stalls not below 1500 fts above ground level.
* Power on/off lazy eights not below 1500 fts above ground level, entry speed 110
kts (200
kmph).
* Steep turns with initial speed 100 knots (185 kmph).
* Chandelle maneuvers not below 500 fts above ground level, entry speed 120 knots
220kmph).
* Spin initiation 2500 fts AGL and recovery at most 180 degree in actual spinning
maneuver.
* Virus SW – 80 is approved for day VFR ops only.

ITS PROHIBITED/FLY IN
1. Heavy rainfall
2. Thunderstorm activity
3. Fly in Blizzard.
4. In IMC of Instrument Flight Rules(IFR).
5. When outside temperature more than 55 degree C
6. Used of fuel with more than 10% alcohol

SOME IMPORTANT LIMITATIONS

* Max wind speed for parking outside without tie down 15 knots.
* Max wind speed for parking outside with tie down 40 knots.
* Flying in side slip turbulence may result in precise fuel quantity.
* Soft grass runway to increase Take off performance data by 20%.
* Headwind shortens T/O and Landing runway length by 8 meter with every
03knots(5kmph) of wind increase.
* Tailwind prolong T/O and landing runway length by 18-20 meter with every 03 knots of
wind.
* Tailwind affects T/O and landing performance by more twice as much as headwind
does.

RED GREEN(NO YELLOW RED

INSTR LINE(MIN) RMAL) LINE
UMENT MAX
Tachometer 1600 1600-5500 5500-5800 5800
RPM
Oil temp 50 deg C 90-110 deg 110-140 140 deg
C deg C C
Coolant temp / --- 110-120 120 deg
deg C C
Oil pressure 1.0 bar(14.5psi --- --- 6.0bar
) (87.0psi)
 ENGINE INSTRUMENT MARKING

POWER PLANT

Rotax 912 (A) is a four stroke engine with 80 HP. It is equipped with a dry sump and lubricated
centrally with own oil pump.
* When engine is running, the oil cools itself passing through a Radiator.
* Rotax engine cylinder are Air Cooled and the cylinder heads are Water Cooled and moving
parts are Oil Cooled.
* Cooling air intakes are located Left And Right on the Bottom part of engine cover.
* Engine does not features a Cooling fan but depend on moving air or airspeed.
* Virus SW-80 has a Two blade fixed pitch propeller.

SPECIFICATION

ENGINE TEMP LIMIT 912 A(80HP) at 5800RPM

Max coolant temp CT 120 deg C
Mac CT diff /
Normal EGT Exhaust gas temp 650-885 deg C
Max EGT temp 900 deg C
Max EGT diff 30 deg C
Min oil temp 50 deg C
Normal oil temp 90-110 deg C
Max oil temp 140 deg C
Max oil capacity 03 liter
Min oil pressure 1.0 bar(14.5 psi)
Max oil pressure 6.0 bar(87.0 psi)
Eng RPM Max continuous 5500
Eng RPM on ground 5800(allowable 05 minute)
Magneto check RPM 4000
Max single magneto drop RPM 300
Fuel used Unleaded super grade 87up, leaded or
AVGAS 100LL
Oil used API SJ SAE 10W-50
Hydraulic brake oil used DOT 3 or DOT 4
Reduction ratio 1: 2.27

* Caution - With use of AVGAS or leaded fuel,Engine life is reduced. Change of engine
oil at every 50hrs is crucial.

AIRSPEED MARKINGS

MARKING IAS[Kts(kmph)] DEFINATION

WHITE BAND 35-70Kts Full Flap operating range.
(65-130kmph)
GREEN BAND 43-108Kts Normal operating range with Flap retracted
(83-201kmph)
YELLOW BAND 108-135Kts Maneuver the aircraft with caution in come air
(201-250kmph) only.
RED BAND 135kts(250kmph) Max speed for all Ops VNE.
 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

* BATTERY __ (Lithium) 12 V,nominal 7.5Ah,equivalent to 10Ah Pb

battery. Dual electronic ignition,12V circuit charges battery and provide power to all
appliances and instruments.

* POWER SUPPLIED TO __ Nav/ Strobe Light, Cockpit, Light, Radio, GPS,

Instruments.

* GENERATOR OUTPUT __ 250 watt at 5500 RPM.

CHECKS AND PROCEDURES

COCKPIT PREFLIGHT INSPECTION

1. Check instrument panel and instruments for condition.

2. Battery disconnect ring in slot.
3. All switches off.
4. Master switch on, check gen fail light on.
5. Avionics on, Check fuel quantity Avionics & Master off.
6. Check main wing spar and connector for condition, bolts and nuts in position.
7. Safety belt undamaged.
8. Flap handle down, check full deflection.
9. Emergency parachute release handle, safety pin in.

CHECKS AFTER ENTERING COCKPIT

1 .Adjust rudder pedals.

2. Strap up and put on headset.
3. Master switch on.
4. Avionics on check all instruments responding.
5. R/T set on, check intercom on and reading strength five.
6. Pull silver knob to relax door and lower door.
7. Rotate handle and close door securely.

CHECKS BEFORE START

1. Check fuel quantity sufficient.

2. Check pitot tube cover removed.
3. Remove para safety pin.
4. Parking brake on.

ENGINE START UP

1. Check area around clear and signal to ground crew for start.
2. Check throttle closed and set for start.
3. Choke on in case of cold start.
4. Fuel valve open.
5. Master switch on, Switch on both magnetos.
6. Fuel pump CB in and check pump on (by sound).
7. Switch off Avionics.
8. Engage engine starter till engine starts.
9. Avionics switch on
10. Check oil pressure registering and within limit.
11. Set throttle to 2500 rpm.
12. Choke off lever fully forward.
13. Check all engine parameters normal.

ENGINE WARM UP

1. Engine to be warmed up at 2500 rpm till oil temp reaches 50 degree C.

2. Engine nose should be into the wind.
3. Check engine temperature pressure within operational limit.

MAGNETO CHECK

1. Indicate to ground crew, check parking brake on control stick fully back.
2. Check engine oil temp above 50 degree C.
3. Slowly open throttle to set eng rpm 4000.
4. Left magneto switch off, note drop in eng rpm and put switch on, eng regains 4000 rpm.
5. Right magneto switch off, note drop in rpm and put switch on, eng regains 4000 rpm.
6. Drop in both eng rpm not be more than 300.
7. Open full throttle and check engine reaches 5000 rpm.
8. Close throttle fully.

CHECKS BEFORE TAXY

1. Check compass reading.

2. All flight instruments serviceable,
3. Altimeter set to QNH.
4. All Eng temperature, pressures within limit.
5. Wing tip lights on.
6. Give RT call and indicate ground crew to remove choke.

VITAL ACTIONS BEFORE TAKE OFF

1. Power idle, parking brakes on A/C not moving.

2. Emergency parachute release handle pin removed.
3. Select Flaps to 25 degree position
4. Trim in neutral position.
5. Choke fully forward.
6. Fuel valve open, check fuel quantity sufficient.
7. Landing light switch on.
8. Check master, avionic, magneto switches on.
9. All flight instruments serviceable.
10. All eng temp pressures within operational limit.
11. Check full and free movement of controls.
12. Check harness fully tight and door closed confirm.
13. Check winds direction and strength.
14. Note down time.
15. R/T call for lineup.

CHECKS AFTER LINE UP

1. Check compass reading R/W heading.

2. All engine parameter normal.
3. T/O path ahead and above clear.
4. R/T call for T/O.

CHECKS ON TAKE OFF

1. Open full power and Check engine rpm 5000 and above
2. ASI registering..
3. Speed above 35 nose up.
Speed 41-43 Knots, unstick
4. 150 feet apply brakes momentarily.
5. Speed 50 Knots flap to 1st stage.
6. Height 300 feet speed 65-70, flaps fully up
7. Ldg light switch off and reduce Eng rpm to 5300.
8. Trim a/c and climb at 76 knots.

D/W CHECK

1. Displacement correct.
2. Height 700 feet, speed 86 knot, direction correct.
3. All engine parameters normal.
4. Fuel quantity sufficient.
5. Landing light on.
6. R/T call.

CHECKS ON FINAL

1. Alignment with center line and reduce power to idle.

2. Perspective correct.
3. Speed 50 kts , Lower flap to 2nd position.
4. R/T call.

CHECKS AFTER LANDING

1. Apply brakes slowly and come to taxi speed.

2. Flaps fully up.
3. Landing light off and note flight time.
 SWITCH OFF

1. Close throttle to idle for eng cool for 1 min.

2. Parking brake on, chocks on.
3. R/T calls for switch off.
4. Engine cool time over, wing tip light off.
5. R/T off, avionics off.
6. Both Magnetos off.
7. Master off.
8. Fuel tank valve off.
9. Insert parachute rescue system handle’s pin.
10. Exit A/C and put pitot cover.

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES: MICRO LIGHT SW-80 (GARUD)

STALL RECOVERY:

(a) First reduce the angle of attack by pushing the control stick forward.
(b) Add full power (throttle lever in full forward position).
(c) Resume horizontal flight.

SPIN RECOVERY:

(a) Set throttle to idle (lever in full back position?).

(b) Apply full rudder deflection in the direction opposite the spin.
(c) Lower the nose towards the ground to build speed (stick forward).
(d) As the aircraft stops spinning neutralize rudder deflection.
(e) Slowly pull up and regain horizontal flight.

ENGINE FAILURE:

ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKE OFF:

(a) Ensure proper air speed first (100 KMPH/ 55 KTS)

(b) Land the aircraft on the runway heading
(c) Avoid obstacle in your way.
(d) Set fuel shut off valve to OFF
(e) Set Master switch to OFF position.
ROUGH ENGINE OPERATION OR ENGINE FAILURE IN FLIGHT:

(a) Ensure proper airspeed (120 KMPH/64 KTS)

(b) Starts analyzing terrain underneath
(c) Choose the most appropriate runway or site for landing out

PROVIDED IF THE ENGINE FAILED ALOFT, REACT AS FOLLOWS:

(a) Make sure the Master switch is ON position.

(b) Magneto switches both set to ON.
(c) Fuel valve open
(d) Attempt to restart the engine
(e) If unsuccessful, begin with landing out procedure immediately.

EMERGENCY LANDING /LANDING OFF AIRPORT:

(a) Fuel valve OFF

(b) Master switch OFF
(c) Approach and land with extreme caution, maintaining normal airspeed
(d) After having landed leave the aircraft immediately.

ENGINE FIRE:

ENGINE FIRE ON GROUND:

(a) Shut fuel valve OFF
(b) Come to full stop, engage starter and set throttle to full power (lever full forward)
(c) Disconnect the battery from the circuit (full battery disc ring on the switch column)
(d) Master switch OFF immediately after the engine has stopped.
(e) Abandon the aircraft and start the fire extinguisher.

ENGINE FIRE IN FLIGHT:

(a) Shut full valve OFF and set magnetos to OFF
(b) Set full power (Throttle lever in full forward position)
(c) Keep avionics ON and Master ON as required, on approach set both OFF.
(d) Set ventilation for adequate briefing. Keep in mind that oxygen intensifies fire.
(e) Perform side sleep (Crab) maneuver in direction opposite the fire.
(f) Perform emergency landing out procedures.
SMOKE IN COCKPIT:

(a) Avionics OFF

(b) Disconnect the battery from the circuit
(c) Land as soon as possible.

CARBURETOR ICING:

(a) First noticeable sign of carburetor icing are rough engine noises and gradual loss of power.
(b) Carburetor icing may occur even at temperature as high as 10 Degree C, provide the air
Humidity is increased
(c) Descend immediately into warmer and / or less humid air.
(d) In case of complete power loss perform emergency landing out procedures.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FAILURE:

(a) Land by using the GPS instrument

(b) With alternator failure switch off unessential load to reduce power consumption
(E.g. NAV/STROVE LIGHT, LANDING LIGHT)
FLUTTER:

(a) Increase angle of attack (Pull stick back)

(b) Reduce throttle immediately in order to reduce speed
(c) Increase load (Damping) on the structure.
EXCEEDING VNE:

(a) Reduce the airspeed slowly

(b) Continue flying using gentle control deflection
(c) Land safely as soon as possible

DITCHING:
(a) Use the same emergency procedure as for the emergency landing case
(b) Make sure to open both doors fully before hitting the water as well as disconnect the
battery.
(c) Touch the water with the slowest possible speed.
ICING/PNEUMATIC INSTRUMENT FAILURE:

(a) Turn back or change altitude to exit icing condition and maintain VFR flight.
(b) Set cabin heating ON
(c) Watch for signs of icing on the pitot tube
(d) Incase pneumatic instrument failure use GPS information for reference
(e) Plan the landing at nearest airport.
(f) Maneouver the airplane gently and leave the wing flap retracted.
ELECTRICAL FUEL PUMP FAILURE:

(a) Attempt to reduce power to increase fuel pressure

(b) Achieve more reliable engine operation.