Power Transmission and Distribution

IEC 62271
Standards for MV switchgear
Terms, Definitions, Classifications, Tests, Documentation

Dipl. Ing. Ansgar Mueller

PTD M SP
[email protected]
s

1. Standards group IEC 62271 • VDE 0671

2. Generic standard, future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694)
3. Switching Devices
- Circuit-breakers
- Switches
- Disconnector and earthing switches
4. Metal-enclosed switchgear
- Classifications
- Internal arc test
5. Prefabricated HV/LV substations
6. Outlook

Slide 2
Topics PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

1
s

1. Standards group IEC 62271 • VDE 0671

2. Generic standard, future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694)
3. Switching Devices
- Circuit-breakers
- Switches
- Disconnector and earthing switches
4. Metal-enclosed switchgear
- Classifications
- Internal arc test
5. Prefabricated HV/LV substations
6. Outlook

Slide 3
Topics PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Generic • IEC 60694 Common clauses

Switching • IEC 60056 Circuit-breakers (old)

Devices • IEC 60129 Disconnectors and earthing switches (old)
• IEC 60265-1 Switches
• IEC 60470 Contactors

Switchgear • IEC 60298 Metal-enclosed switchgear

• IEC 60466 Insulation-enclosed switchgear
• IEC 61330 Prefabricated substations

No interrelated numbering

Slide 4
“Old“ numbering of MV product standards PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

2
s

IEC 62271 HV Switchgear and Controlgear

VDE 0671 HS Schaltgeräte und Schaltanlagen
Responsible
IEC committee

Part 1 – 99 Generic standards SC 17A / 17C

Part 100 – 199 Switching Devices SC 17A

Part 200 – 299 Switchgear installations SC 17C

Part 300 – 399 Guidelines, reports etc. SC 17A / 17C

Slide 5
Structure of the group IEC 62271 PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

IEC 62271 Old number Transition

Title
VDE 0671 IEC VDE in IEC

Part 1 Common clauses 60694 0670-1000 (2007)

Part 100 Circuit-breakers 60056 0670-101…107 2001
Part 102 Disconnector and earthing switches 60129 0670-2 2001

Part 103 Switches ≤ 52 kV 60265-1 0670-301 ?

Part 105 Switch-fuse combinations 60420 0670-303 2002

Part 106 Contactors 60470 0670-501 ?

Part 200 Metal-enclosed switchgear 60298 0670-6 2003

Part 201 Insulation-enclosed switchgear 60466 0670-7 2006

Part 202 HV / LV prefabricated substations 61330 0670-611 2006

Slide 6
Transition to the 62271 numbers PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

3
s

1. Standards group IEC 62271 • VDE 0671

2. Generic standard, future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694)
3. Switching Devices
- Circuit-breakers
- Switches
- Disconnector and earthing switches
4. Metal-enclosed switchgear
- Classifications
- Internal arc test
5. Prefabricated HV/LV substations
6. Outlook

Slide 7
Topics PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• Generic standard
measures to be taken only in connection with
the associated product standards
• Currently in stage CDV, final standard scheduled for 2007

Changes, relevant for PTD M

• Value of leakage rate for SF6 sealed pressure systems
now defined as 0.1 % p.a. (maximum)
• EMC type test: procedure better matched to HV switchgear
mandatory type test if electronic components are built in

Slide 8
Future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694) PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

4
s

1. Standards group IEC 62271 • VDE 0671

2. Generic standard, future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694)
3. Switching Devices
- Circuit-breakers
- Switches
- Disconnector and earthing switches
4. Metal-enclosed switchgear
- Classifications
- Internal arc test
5. Prefabricated HV/LV substations
6. Outlook

Slide 9
Topics PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• IEC 62271-100 Circuit-breakers

• IEC 60265-1 Switches

• IEC 62271-102 Disconnectors and earthing switches

• IEC 60470 Contactors (not yet defined)

• Classes
E = electrical endurance
M = mechanical endurance
C = restrike probability on capacitive current breaking
(applicable only on circuit-breakers)

Slide 10
Introduction of endurance classes PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

5
s

Property Class Description

M1 • 2.000 operations. normal endurance
Mechanical
endurance • 10.000 operations
M2
• minimal maintenance
E1 • circuit-breaker ≠ class E2
Electrical
endurance • extended edurance
E2
no maintenance of interrupting parts
C1 • low
Restrike probability
on capacitive current
breaking C2 • very low

Standard: IEC 62271-100 VDE 0671-100

Slide 11
Circuit-breaker (1) PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

s
Class Description
M1 2.000 operations normal mechanical endurance
M
M2 10.000 operations extended mechanical endurance, low maintenance
2 x C and 3 x O at 10%, normal electrical endurance
E1
30%, 60% and 100% Isc (circuit-breaker which is not in category E2)
2 x C and 3 x O at 10%, without
30%, 60% and 100% Isc auto-reclosing duty
E extended electrical endurance
E2 26 x C 130 x O 10% Isc without maintenance of interrupting
26 x C 130 x O 30% Isc with parts
4xC 8 x O 60% Isc auto-reclosing duty
4xC 6 x O 100% Isc
C = close, O = open; Isc = rated short-circuit breaking current

The test duties of the short-circuit making and breaking type tests
reflect the meaning of „normal“ and „extended“ electrical endurance.

Slide 12
Circuit-breaker (2) PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

6
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Device Class

M2
Vacuum circuit-breaker E2 k the on
se chec mentati !
C2 Plea o cu case
uct d ual
prod h individ
c
in ea
Transformer switch M1
(LST) E2

Slide 13
Overview - Classes für circuit-breakers PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Property Class Description

• for general
M0 1.000 operations
requirements
Mechanical
endurance M1 2.000 operations
• extended endurance
M2 10.000 operations

no short-circuit
E0
making capacity • for general
Electrical requirements
E1 2 x Ima
endurance

E2 5 x Ima • reduced maintenance

Standard: IEC 62271-102 VDE 0671-102

Slide 14
Disconnector and earthing switches PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

7
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Property Class Description

M1 1.000 operations
Mechanical
endurance
M2 5.000 operations • extended endurance

10 x I1
E1 • for infrequent operations
2 x Ima

Electrical 30 x I1 • no maintenance of
E2
endurance 3 x Ima interrupting parts

100 x I1 • higher load currents,

E3
5 x Ima frequent operations

Standard: IEC 60265-1 VDE 0670-301

Slide 15
General purpose switch (1) PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

s
Class Operations Description
M1 1000 Normal mechanical endurance
M
M2 5000 Extended mechanical endurance
E1 10 x I1
10 x I2a 20 x 0,05 ⋅ I1 I1 active load-breaking current
2 x Ima I2a closed-loop breaking current
10 x I4a
I4a cable-charging breaking current
E2 30 x I1 10 x 0,2…0,4 ⋅ I4a I4b line-charging breaking current
E 20 x I2a I6a earth fault breaking current
3 x Ima 10 x I4b I6b cable- and line-charging breaking
E3 100 x I1 10 x I6a current under earth fault conditions
20 x I2a 10 x I6b Ima short-circuit making current
5 x Ima

Details of type test duties

Slide 16
General purpose switch (2) PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

8
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Type Functional unit Disconnector Switch Earthing switch

8DA / B CB M0 / M1 E2

8DJ 3pos Switch M0 M1 E3 E2

8DH LS interlocked M0 E2

non interlocked M0 M1 E3 E2
3pos Switch M0 M1 E3 E2
NXPLUS CB M0 / M1 E2

NX + C CB M1 E2

3pos Switch M0 M1 E3 E2
Contactor M0 E2

M0 = 1.000 M1 = 1000 E0 = 0 x Ima

k th e on M1 = 2.000 M2 = 5000 E1 = 2 x Ima
se chec mentati ! M2 = 10.000 E1 = 10 I1 + 2 Ima E2 = 5 x Ima
Plea oc u ca se
uct d ual E2 = 30 I1 + 3 Ima
prod h individ E3 = 100 I1 + 5 Ima
c
in ea

Slide 17
Overview – Endurance classes: GIS PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Type Functional unit Disconnector Switch Earthing switch

Simosec CB interlocked M0 E2
non interlocked M0 M1 E3 E2
Switch-disconnector M0 M1 E3 E2
NXAIR- CB M0 E1
Family
Switch-disconnector M0 M1 E1 E1
Contactor M0 E1
Simoprime CB M0 E1
Switch-disconnector M0 M1 E1 E1
Contactor M0 E1
8BT1 CB M0 E1
Switch-disconnector M0 M1 E1 E1

M0 = 1.000 M1 = 1000 E0 = 0 x Ima

th e tion
eck
ea se ch cumenta se! M1 = 2.000 M2 = 5000 E1 = 2 x Ima
Pl t do l c a M2 = 10.000 E1 = 10 I1 + 2 Ima E2 = 5 x Ima
uc ua
prod h individ E2 = 30 I1 + 3 Ima
c
in ea E3 = 100 I1 + 5 Ima

Slide 18
Overview – Endurance classes: AIS PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

9
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Declaration of endurance classes and other classifications

• Marking of M, E and C classes (where applicable)

on the nameplate is mandatory if product characteristics are
different from the lowest class

• Information must be given in enquiries tenders and orders

product documentation

Slide 19
Declaration and documentation PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• Classifications declare characteristics

Circuit-breakers M, E, C
Switches M, E
Disconnector and earthing switches M, E

• No classes yet for contactors

• Type tests and documentation

• CENELEC 3 year transition period already expired

Slide 20
Conclusion – switching devices PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

10
s

1. Standards group IEC 62271 • VDE 0671

2. Generic standard, future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694)
3. Switching Devices
- Circuit-breakers
- Switches
- Disconnector and earthing switches
4. Metal-enclosed switchgear
- Classifications
- Internal arc test
5. Prefabricated HV/LV substations
6. Outlook

Slide 21
Topics PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• Adaption regarding
fixed and withdrawable switchgear
gas-insulated switchgear

• Insulation media: Gas Fluid

• Purpose based classifications regarding

Safety
Service continuity
Maintainability

• Upgrade of the internal arc fault test

• Formal reasons (e.g. IEC 60694)

Slide 22
Market required a revision of IEC 60298 PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

11
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Metal enclosure Dielectric

discontinuity !

Metal-clad
• Partitions of metal
• Shutters of metal or insulating material
• Compartments for BB, „main switching device“, cable

Combined switches?
Compartmented
• similar to „metal-clad, but
partitions of insulating material
Compartmentalization:
ranking?
Cubicle
• all other designs effect on service?

Slide 23
IEC 60298 – design classification PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Metal enclosure
Protection against
• external influences, Safety
contact and shock
option
• internal faults
Service
Metal-clad
continuity
Safe access to
compartments
Compartmented
while adjacent
compartments Maintain-
remain live ability
Cubicle

Slide 24
The way to a purpose-based classification PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

12
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IEC 60298 IEC 62271-200
Metal enclosure Metal enclosure

Compartmentalisation Compartmentalisation and service continuity

metal-clad Accessible compartments

• metal partitions
• shutters of metal or non-metal
• compartments for e.g. busbar,
Type of access control
main switching device and cable • interlock-controlled
• procedure-based
• tool-based
compartmented
• non-metal partitions
Loss of service continuity
• otherwise like metal-clad
• LSC 1
• LSC 2A
cubicle • LSC 2B
• all other designs
Non-accessible compartments

Insulation medium
Insulation medium
• (Ambient) air
• Ambient air
• Gas
• Fluid (gas or liquid)

Partition class
• PM metallic
• PI non-metallic
Option
Assessment of effects of arc fault
Internal Arc Classification IAC (optional)

Slide 25
Different structure of classifications PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Pattern
• Fixed or withdrawable switchgear?
Switching frequency, service and ambient conditions

Maintainability, service continuity and accessibility

• Need compartments be opened, which ones?
• Access controlled by interlocks, tools or procedures?
• Which compartments may be switched off for work?
• Need the place of work be free from electric fields?

Slide 26
Concept for purpose-based classifications PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

13
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Metal-enclosed switchgear Internal arc

classification

Compartments
Partition
classes
non-accessible accessible

Insulation Loss of service continuity

medium categories – LSC

Slide 27
New purposed-based classifications PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Compartment Characteristic of access

Interlock-controlled
• Access enabled if HV
accessible
• Access for normal parts are dead and
operation and earthed
maintenance • Access controlled by
Procedure-based
e.g. to replace fuses locking and work
accessible
instructions
• Not to be opened for
Tool-based normal operation / • Tools for opening,
maintenance specific procedure for
accessible
access (instructions)
e.g. for cable testing
• Access not possible / not intended for user;
Non-accessible opening may destroy compartment ( indication )
e.g. gas-insulated compartment

Slide 28
Types of compartments and accessibility PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

14
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Category of If one accessible compartment

Loss of Service (e.g. circuit-breaker) in a Design
Continuity functional unit is opened …
adjacent functional units must No partitions between
LSC 1
be switched off panels
Partitions between
all other functional units panels + 2 com-
LSC 2A
remain in service (energized) partments + dis-
connection to BB
LSC 2
all other functional units Partitions between
remain in service (energized) panels + 3 compart-
LSC 2B
and the cable compartment of ments + disconnec-
the opened functional unit tions to BB and cable

Slide 29
Loss of service continuity category PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Partition classes Characteristics

Class PM • Metallic partitions and shutters between opened

( Partitions metallic ) compartment and live parts
• Dielectric conditions correspond to
metal enclosure

Class PI • Non-metallic partitions and shutters between

( Partitions non-metallic; opened compartment and live parts
i = insulating material )

Slide 30
Dielectrical classification of partitions PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

15
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Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-based
• CB: interlock-controlled
or procedure-based
• Cable: tool-based

Loss of service continuity

• Category LSC 2B

Partitions and shutters

• Class PM (metallic)

Internal fault protection

• Classification IAC

Slide 31
Example 1 – AIS „metal-clad“ PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-/procedure-based
• CB: interlock-controlled
• Cable: interlock-controlled

Loss of service continuity

• Category LSC 2A

Partitions and shutters

• Class PM

Internal fault protection

• Classification IAC

Slide 32
Example 2 – AIS „cubicle“ PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

16
s

Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-based
• CB: non-accessible
• Cable: tool-based

Partitions and shutters

• Class PM (metallic)

Internal fault protection

• Classification IAC

Slide 33
Example 3 – GIS „metal-clad“ PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Accessibility of compartments Partitions

• BB: non accessible • Class PM
• CB: non accessible
Internal fault protection
• Cable: tool or procedure-based
• Classification IAC
Slide 34
Example 4 – GIS „metal-clad“ PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

17
s

Accessibility of compartments
• BB: tool-based
• DC, ES: non-accessible
• CB: interlock-controlled
• Cable: interlock-controlled

Loss of service continuity

• Category LSC 2A

Partitions and shutters

• Class PM (metallic)

Internal fault protection

• Classification IAC

Slide 35
Example 5 – AIS „cubicle“ PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Accessibility of compartments Partitions

• BB: tool based accessible • Class PM
• CB/Switch: non accessible
Internal fault protection
• Cable: interlock-controlled
• Classification IAC

Slide 36
Example 6 – GIS „metal-clad“ PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

18
s

• The classification „IAC“ applies to switchgear which meets

prescribed criteria for protection of persons in the event of
internal arc as demonstrated by the appropriate tests.

• Optional classification

• Today: Defined test procedure

Old: Test conditions are subject to agreement

• Today: Test = passed / failed

Old: Only assessment of the effects

Slide 37
IAC classification PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• Specimen fully equipped

60 cm (mock-ups permitted)

• Two functional units

• Test in each compartment,
in the end of the switchgear
10 cm • Accessibility type A, B or C
• Arc initiation and direction
80 cm of power flow
or
10 cm Infeed • Test duration 1 / 0,5 / 0,1 s
Other arrangements ☺
are permitted ☺
☺
Slide 38
Prescribed test conditions PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

19
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1. Covers and doors do not open,

new limited deformations are accepted
+ If switchgear mounted closer to the wall than tested:
new permanent deformations < distance to the wall
new hot gases are not direkted to the wall

2. No fragmentation of the enclosure,

new projection of small parts < 60 g accepted

3. No holes in the accessible sides up to a height of 2 m

new

4. Indicators do not ignite due to hot gases ☺

☺
5. Connection of the enclosure to earth remains effective ☺
Slide 39
Acceptance criteria PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Installations mounted closer

to the wall than tested (10 cm)
require:
• the permanent deformation
must be less than the
distance to the wall
• exhausting gases are not
directed to the wall

Slide 40
Non-accessible rear side PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

20
s

• Classification: IAC ( „Internal Arc Classified“ )

• Type of accessibility: A (F, L, R)*

B (F, L, R)*
C

• Test values: current [ kA ] and duration [ s ]

Example 1: IAC A FLR 25 kA 1 s * F = Front

L = Lateral
Example 2: IAC BF-AR 16 kA 1 s R = Rear

Slide 41
IAC designation on the nameplate PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

IAC A FLR 25 kA 1s IAC BFL-AR 16 kA 1s

Switchgear accessible to Switchgear e.g. in a workshop; front

authorized personnel only and lateral side publicly accesible,
rear to authorized personnel

Slide 42
IAC designation – examples PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

21
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• No LSC category for gas-insulated switchgear?

Intended for accessible compartments
For GIS not relevant – but reasons are not mentioned
? Debate about quality / ranking of GIS

• Cable testing while cable is connected to the switchgear

dielectric stress on the isolating distance

• Partial discharge measurement

no limit value defined – PD measurement on agreement
not yet commonly established assessment criteria
external influences on measurment

Slide 43
Inconsistencies PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Reliability & Maintainability Service continuity

Availability of HV part AIS GIS

Need of maintenance yes

Extent of maintenance medium Accessibility not

relevant, since
Maintainability maintenance
determined by
Components to be repaired the features of not required
accessible easily the compartments
• LSC 1 / 2A / 2B
Probability of failures very low

Slide 44
LSC categories aim at AIS PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

22
s

GIS do not need accessible compartments, but on the contrary …

Slide 45
8DC switchgear being flooded PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

UN

∆U No provisions
regarding the
permissible dielectric
stress on the
isolating distance

uTest AC - DC

Example: functional unit with switch

Slide 46
Dielectric tests on cables PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

23
s

Additional, mandatory markings on the nameplate:

• IAC classification
• Instruction book reference
• Insulating fluid, mass and filling level (if applicable)

Information to be given in product documentation:

• Type (accessibility) of compartment
• LSC category
• Partition class

Slide 47
Declaration and documentation PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• Purposed-based classifications introduced

features can be described more exactly

• Internal arc fault test upgraded

test results are easier to compare
PEHLA Guideline No. 4 withdrawn!

• Type tests according to IEC 60298 remain valid

supplementary tests to verify new requirements

• Ratified as European Standard EN 62271-200

German Standard VDE 0671-200
CENELEC 3 year transition period ends 1 February 2007

Slide 48
Conclusion – switchgear (part 200) PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

24
s

1. Standards group IEC 62271 • VDE 0671

2. Generic standard, future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694)
3. Switching Devices
- Circuit-breakers
- Switches
- Disconnector and earthing switches
4. Metal-enclosed switchgear
- Classifications
- Internal arc test
5. Prefabricated HV/LV substations
6. Outlook

Slide 49
Topics PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• Enclosure
• Power transformer(s)
• HV, LV switchgear
• HV, LV interconnections
• Auxiliary equipment
• Auxiliary circuits Figure: AREVA T&D

Slide 50
Main components acc. to the standard PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

25
s

Former standard:
• IEC 61330 (First Edition 1995-11)
High-voltage / low-voltage prefabricated substations

Current edition:
• IEC 62271-202 (Edition 1, 2006-06)
High-voltage / low-voltage prefabricated substations
• EN 62271-202 ratification on 1 September 2006
• Transition period for old EN 61330 until 31 August 2009
Reference standards:
• IEC 60694
• IEC 62271-200

Slide 51
Standard for prefabricated substations PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Basic changes
• No limit for rated power and number of transformers
• New procedure for temperatur rise test
• New procedure for internal arc fault test
Others
• 3 additional classes of enclosure
• EMC type test
• Extended guide to the selection of prefabricated substations
• Extended informationen for users
• Clause „safety“

Slide 52
Relevant changes PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

26
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Introduction:
• Power flow through substation in both directions HV LV
(e.g. wind power, small block-type thermal power stations)
• „incidental“ mentioning, but no requirements => deficiency
Scope*:
• Standard is also applicable to designs, where not all main
components exist (=> „HRC fuse panels“)

* For non-prefabricated substations refer to IEC 61936-1

Slide 53
Introduction and scope PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Pollution § 2.2.2
• Exposed insulation inside the enclosure
• Substation in areas of pollution classes III und IV
• IEC/TR 60815 Guide for the selection of insulators
in respect of polluted conditions
• Relevance for AIS and an LV equipment

Slide 54
Special service conditions PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

27
s

Class of enclosure §4.102 and transformator load factor

• Class indicates „heat insulation“ of enclosure
• Difference of temperature rise of transformator
∆tenclosure class = ∆twith enclosure – ∆tfree in air
• 6 classes of enclosure instead of as yet 3
Classes: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
• Example: class 10 means that ∆tenclosure class ≤ 10 K

=> Modified temperatur rise test

Slide 55
Ratings PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Oil transformer

Example: 100% load at 0°

Slide 56
Transformer load factor, annex D PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

28
s

§5.5 Enclosure
• Degree of protection ≥ IP 23D
• Mechanical impact
degree of protection ≥ IK 10
• Fire behaviour
• Oil sump
• Solar radiation not considered
(national comments)

§5.5.3 Corrosion ( new )

Figure: Driescher • Wegberg
• Building materials
• Coating
• Paints
=> Annex F
Slide 57
Requirements on the enclosure PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Requirements on earthing §5.1 => equipotential bonding

• no basic changes
• Adjustments to IEC 62271-200
• detailed description, examples in annex E
=> necessary?
• All metallic (not only main components) are to be earthed
• Effectiveness of earth connection by target of the maximum
permissible voltage drop

Slide 58
Earthing PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

29
s

• Insulation level
• Temperature rise => completely modified procedure
• Earthing circuits
• Functional tests
• Verification IP code
• Verification IK code
• Internal arc fault => completely modified procedure
• EMC => new, see IEC 60694
• Sound level

Slide 59
Type tests PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Test conditions
• MV switchgear
- temperatur rise of transformer panel with HRC fuses
- rest of switchgear neglected („operating currents << Ir“)
• Total transformer losses
• Losses of LV switchgear at IrT-LV
Structured acceptance criteria
• Temperatur rise of transformer corresponds to enclosure class
• HV terminals according to IEC 60694
• LV switchgear + interconnections according to IEC 60439-1
• Accessible parts of enclosure max. 70° C (IEC 60694)

Slide 60
Temperature rise type test PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

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Short-circuit LV terminals Short-circuit LV interconnections

Transformer

HV LV

Supply IHV IrT-LV Supply

HV side LV side

• Separate current supply of HV and LV side

Slide 61
Temperature rise test circuit PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• Test procedure and acceptance criteria follow the

standard IEC 62271-200 for metal-enclosed switchgear
• Classifications: IAC-A Protection of operators
IAC-B Protection of public
IAC-AB Combination of both

IAC-A (substation open) IAC-B (substation closed)

Slide 62
Internal arc classification „IAC“ PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

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Test:
• MV switchgear and interconnections
• LV switchgear not under test
• No combined test for IAC-AB
Number of test necessary are derived from:
• Internal arc classification of MV switchgear
• Type of interconnections
• Tranformer protection: - HRC fuses
- Circuit-breaker (protection relay)

Slide 63
Internal arc classification PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Flow chart for

HV Switchgear
IAC-A and IAC B

No IAC tested
acc. to IEC
62271-200

Yes

Is the gas flow

No Is IAC to No for pressure relief
IEC 62271-200
identical for all
applicable?
compartments?

Cannot be
IAC-classified Yes One test according to IEC 62271-200 Yes
acc. to in each type of compartment,
this standard which has different gas flow

Full test acc. IEC 62271-200 One test, according to IEC 62271-200
in actual substation in a switching compartment

Slide 64
Selection of test for MV switchgear PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

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Pre-condition: • switchgear is IAC classified to IEC 62271-200

• identical gas-flow for pressure relief of all compartments
2 Test: 1st Test for IAC-A in a switching compartment
2nd Test for IAC-B in a switching compartment
The both arc fault tests in a switching compartment verify that …
1. on testing for IAC-A
the installation of the switchgear in the substation building does not
change the arc fault behaviour and the IAC classification is also valid for
the switchgear installed in the building;
2. on testing for IAC-B
the IAC classification is valid for the closed substation building when the
inner pressure is at its maximum load. Normally the maximum pressure is
reached during a 3-pole arc fault in a switching compartment.
The test at the cable – as to the old standard - is not applicable.

Slide 65
Concept of testing for IAC-AB PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

Flow chart for IAC-A and IAC B

Slide 66
Selection of test for MV interconnections PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

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• A (normative) Internal arc fault test

• B (normative) Test to verify the sound level
of a prefabricated substation
• C (normative) Mechanical impact test
• D (informative) Rating of transformers in an enclosure

NEW:
• Clause 11 Safety
• E (Informative) Examples of earthing circuits
• F (informative) Characteristics of enclosure materials

Slide 67
New clauses and annexes PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

HV / LV Prefabricated substations
• Standard is updated to state-of-the-art
- detailedness of requirements follows the interpretation of laws
• No limit for rated power and transformers
• Revaluation of internal arc test to classification
- Wird künftig Prüfung der NS-Anlage nötig; Energiefluß von NS-Seite?
• Temperature rise test and additional enclosure classes
• EMC type test depending on secondary system
• Adaption in form and content to IEC 60694, IEC 62271-200
=> Advantages of prefabricated substation over those erected on site!

Slide 68
Conclusion – prefabricated substations PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

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1. Standards group IEC 62271 • VDE 0671

2. Generic standard, future IEC 62271-1 (still IEC 60694)
3. Switching Devices
- Circuit-breakers
- Switches
- Disconnector and earthing switches
4. Metal-enclosed switchgear
- Classifications
- Internal arc test
5. Prefabricated HV/LV substations
6. Outlook

Slide 69
Topics PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

• IEC 62271-1 Common specifications

edition scheduled for 2007

• IEC 62271-100 Circuit-breakers

standard is to much matched to HV requirements
splitting up into HV and MV is necessary

• IEC 62271-102 Disconnector and earthing switches

under revision (main subjects concern HV)

• IEC 62271-200 Metal-enclosed switchgear

next revision starts end of 2006

• IEC 62271-202 HV / LV prefabricated substations

to be published approx. autumn 2006

Slide 70
Outlook PTD M SP/5240.48/Mü
Status: 2006-09-08

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