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LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No. 4

Textbook based instruction paired in SCIENCE 9
with MELC-Based Quality
Assured Learner’s Activity Sheet
(LAS) Quarter 2 Week 4
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: _________________________
Teacher: _______________________________ Date Submitted: __________________________
MELC: Explain how the structure of the carbon atom affects the type of bonds it forms. (S9MT-IIg-17)
Lesson/Topic: Structure of the carbon atom and how it affects the type of bonds it forms.
Reference/Source: Science 9 Learner’s Material Page No.: 130-136
Key Concepts:
Carbon (C) is the basic element of all organic compounds. Its electron configuration is 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p2.
The highest energy level in carbon is 2. In the second energy level, there are 4 electrons, thus, carbon
contains 4 valence electrons. This kind of atomic structure makes the carbon atom able to form four
covalent bonds with atoms of other elements and other carbon atoms. It also allows carbon atom to form
many types of bond arrangements: single bond, double bond, and triple bond. With these abilities, carbon
is so unique and special that is it the only element that has the ability to bond with other carbon atoms in
long chains and rings, forming millions of different organic compounds.
Interesting Carbon Facts

1. Carbon has 4 valence electrons.
2. Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds.
3. Carbon can form single bond, double
bond, and triple bond with other elements
and other carbon atoms.
4. Carbon is the only element that can bond
with other carbon atoms in long chain and
in rings.
5. Millions of organic compounds are formed
from carbon atom.
6. Diamonds, one of the hardest substances
known to man, is a form of carbon.
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms only.
Hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane and butane are components of natural gas. Two carbon atoms
can form a covalent bond by sharing a pair of electrons, which will either form into a structure of saturated
hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbon includes alkanes while unsaturated
1
hydrocarbon includes alkenes and alkynes. The compounds in each group have certain structures that
make their properties different from the other.
Table 1. Similarities and Differences Between Structures of Saturated Hydrocarbon: Alkanes and
Objective/Subtask: 1. Discuss the uniqueness of carbon atom in terms of its structure.
Lesson/Topic: Uniqueness of carbon atom in terms of its structure.
Activity No: 1 Title: Why Is Carbon Atom Unique? Day: 1
Directions: Discuss the uniqueness of atom in terms of its structure by completing the concept map below.
Objective/Subtask: 2.Identify the structure of saturated and unsaturated carbon atom compounds or
commonly known as hydrocarbons.
Lesson/Topic: Structure of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Activity No: 2 Title: Saturated and Unsaturated Carbons Day: 2-3
Directions: Classify the following compounds as alkane, alkene or alkyne based on the given structure.
Check the column that represents your answer.
No
Hydrocarbon Alkane Alkene Alkyne
.
1 C 2−H 6
2
2 CH =CH
3 CH 2=CH 2
4 CH 3−CH 2
5 CH 2=CH −CH 3
6 CH ≡ C−C H 3
7 CH ≡ C−CH 2−CH 3
8 CH ≡ C−C H 2−C H 2−C H 3
9 CH 3−CH 2−CH 2−CH 2−CH 3
10 CH 2=CH −CH 2−CH 2−CH 2−CH 2−CH 3
Objective/Subtask: 3.Determine the trend of the properties of hydrocarbon in terms of increasing number
of carbon atoms.
Lesson/Topic: Trend of the properties of hydrocarbon in terms of increasing number of carbon atoms.
Activity No: 3 Title: Hydrocarbon Properties Trend Day: 4
Directions: Use the data in Tables 4 to 6 to answer the questions in this activity. Shade ( ) the circle that
corresponds to the correct answer.
1. What can you conclude about the phase and boiling point trends of alkanes as its number of
carbon atoms increases?
As alkanes’ number of carbon atom increases, its boiling point also increases and its phase
changes from gas to liquid.
As alkanes’ number of carbon atom increases, its boiling point decrease and its phase changes
from liquid to gas.
2. What can you conclude about the phase and boiling point trends of alkenes as its number of
As alkenes’ number of carbon atom increases, its boiling point also increases and its phase
As alkenes’ number of carbon atom increases, its boiling point decreases and its phase changes
from liquid to gas.
3
3. What can you conclude about the phase and boiling point trends of alkynes as its number of
As alkynes’ number of carbon atom increases, its boiling point also increases and its phase
As alkynes’ number of carbon atom increases, its boiling point a decreases and its phase
changes from liquid to gas.
4. What do you think will be the boiling point of the next longer alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes if the
number of carbon continue to increase? Will the boiling point of each hydrocarbon be higher or
lower?
The boiling point of the next longer alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes if the number of carbon
continue to increase will be lower.
The boiling point of the next longer alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes if the number of carbon
continue to increase will be higher.
Answer Key
Day 1
Activity 1: Why Is Carbon Atom Unique?
1. 4 valence electrons
2. 4 covalent bonds
3. Single bond, double bond, triple bond
4. Bonds with other elements and other carbon atoms
4
Day 2-3
Activity 2: Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

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TXTBK + QA LAS

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No. 4

Name: _________ Grade & Section: _

Teacher: _____ Date Submitted:

Interesting Carbon Facts

Activity No: 1 Title: Why Is Carbon Atom Unique? Day: 1

Activity No: 2 Title: Saturated and Unsaturated Carbons Day: 2-3

Activity No: 3 Title: Hydrocarbon Properties Trend Day: 4

Activity 1: Why Is Carbon Atom Unique?

3. Single bond, double bond, triple bond

4. Bonds with other elements and other carbon atoms

Activity 2: Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

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