Use of English (Cam cert in advance 1)

Part 1

Câu 1. Foremost (a): most important or best; leading;

Eg. This is one of the country’s foremost arts centres

She’s one of the foremost experts on the child psychology

Uppermost (a, adv): in the highest position or having the most importance

Eg. The building’s uppermost floors are engulfed with flames

Store the canisters with their lids uppermost

Her health is uppermost in my mind

Predominant (a): more noticeable or important, or larger in number, than others

# prevalent (a): existing very commonly or happening often

Eg. Research forms the predominant part of my job

Dancers have a predominant role in this performance

Surpassing (a): extremely great

Eg. A face of surpassing beautiful

Tóm lại:  Foremost và uppermost đều ám chỉ vị trí hàng đầu, nhưng foremost thường
được dùng cho tầm quan trọng đặc biệt hữu ích khi nói về những người, ý tưởng hoặc thứ
tự ưu tiên, trong khi uppermost có thể dùng cho cả vị trí vật lý và tầm quan trọng trong suy
nghĩ.

 Predominant nhấn mạnh vào sự chiếm ưu thế hoặc nổi bật nhất trong một tình huống
hay nhóm.
 Surpassing chỉ sự vượt trội hoặc xuất sắc vượt qua tiêu chuẩn thông thường.

Câu 2.

Shape (v) your career: định hình sự nghiệp

Shape (v) : to decide or influence the form of st, especially a belief or idea, or sb’s

character: định hình, tạo hình

Eg. He was very influencial in shaping the country’s economic policy/stratEgy

Style (v): + to shape or design st such as a person’s hair or an object like a piece of
clothing or furniture or a book, especially so that it looks attractive: làm cho nó ấn tượng
hơn

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Eg. You’ve had your hair styled- it really suits you

+ to give a title to a person or group: đặt tên cho

Eg. She styled herself “Doctor” but she doesn’t have a dEgree

Build (v): + to make st by putting bricks or other materials together

+ to create and develop st over a long period of time

Eg. We want to build a better future for our children

Model (v): + to wear fashionable clothes, jewellery, etc. in order to advertise them

Eg. I used to model when I was younger

+ to make a model of st: làm mô hình cho cái gì: mô tả, mô phỏng

Eg. The whole car can be modeled on a computer before a single component is made

Câu 3:

End up: to finally be in a particular place or situation

Eg. +) They’re travelling across Europe by train and are planning to end up in Moscrow (=
reach a particular place or achieve a situation after other activities)

+) Much of this meat will probably end up as dog food

+) After working her way around the world, she ended up teaching English as a foreign
language.

End in: kết thúc của một thời gian nào đó, hoặc kết quả của 1 quá trình

Eg. +) She said the meetin would end in ten minutes (Kết thúc ở một thời điểm cụ thể)

+) The experiment ended in failure (Kết quả là gì đó)

+) The movie ended in a dramatic climax (Kết thúc với một sự kiện cụ thể)

End by: kết thúc bằng cách thực hiện 1 hành động nhất định vào thời điểm cụ thể

Eg. He ended the speech by thanking everyone

End on: kết thúc với một điểm nhấn hoặc sự kiện cuối cùng là một phần không thể thiếu
trong chuỗi sự kiện (ấn tượng)

Eg. The concert ended on a high note with the famous singer performing her most popular
song.

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Câu 4:

Hold (n) (U): the act of holding st or sb, or the way you do this

Eg. He took/caught/got/grabbed hold of (= to start holding st or sb) one end of the carpet
and tugged.

Grasp (n) : understanding

Eg. He has a good grasp of the issues.

Insight (n): the ability to have a clear, deep, and sometimes sudden understanding of a
complicated problem or situation

Eg. It was an interesting book, full of fascinating insights into human relationships

Realisation (n): the fact or moment of starting to understand a situation

Eg. The realization was dawning that this was a major disaster

Câu 5

Matter (n): a situation or subject that is being dealt with or considered

Eg. Please phone me back- it’s a matter of some importance

Situation (n): a set of things that are happening and the conditions that exist at a
particular time and place (circumstances or context)

Eg. Her news put me in a difficult situation

State (n): a condition or way of being that exists at a particular time (condition or status)

Eg. The building was in a state of disrepair

Cause (n): a reason why st, especially st bad, happens

Eg. The police are still trying to establish the cause of the fire

Câu 6

Approach (v): + to come near or nearer to st or sb in space, time, quality,amount

Eg. I could just see the train approaching in the distance

+ to deal with st

Eg. I’m not sure how to approach the problem

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+ to speak to, write to, or visit sb in order to do st such as make a request

or business agreement

Eg. We’ve just approach the bank for/about a loan

Encounter (v):+ to meet sb unexpectedly

Eg. On their way home they encountered a woman selling flowers

+ to experience st, especially st unpleasant

Eg. When did you first encounter these difficulties?

Presented (v): + to give, provide or make st known

Eg. The winners were presented with medals

+ Confronted with a situation or problem

Eg. The team was presented with an unexpected opportunity to travel abroad

Offer (v) : to ask sb if they would like to have st or if they would like you to do st

Eg. She was offered a job in Paris

Câu 8

When it comes to= in terms of

Câu 9:

Carry st off: remove

Eg. Thieves broke the shop window and carried off jewellery worth thousands of pounds

Carry sb through st: to help sb be able to deal with a difficult situation

Eg. We have only enough money to carry us through the next 3 months

Carry through st: to bring to a successful end; to complete

Eg. We are determined to carry our plans through to completion

Carry st forward/over: to include an amount of money in a later set of calculations

Eg. The balance in our account for June includes $5,000 carried over from May

Carry out: to perform or complete a job or activity; to fulfill

Eg. I was elected to carry out a programe, the governor said, and I have every intention of
carrying it out

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Câu 10:

Accessible (a): + able to be reached or easily obtained (physical locations or resources)

Eg. The building has fast internet accessible to subscribers

+ able to be entered or used by everyone, including people who use a

wheelchair, people who are blind

Eg. The agreed to build more affordable and accessible housing

+ easy to understand or enjoy

Eg. Convent Garden has made some attempt to make opera accessible to a wider public

Feasible (a): + able to be made, done, or achieved (practicality/suitability)

Eg. With the extra resources, the project now seems feasible

+ possible, reasonable, or likely

Eg. It’s no longer feasible to fund this research

Reachable (a): if a place/level (high) is reachable, it is possible to get to it

Eg. + The town is easily reachable on foot

+ Sving 5% of your salary should be a reachable goal

Obtainable (a): able to be obtained

Eg. Information on the subject is easibly obtainable on the Internet

Câu 11

Female role: the behaviors, tasks, and responsibilities traditionally or socially assigned
to women

Câu 12

Option (n): one thing that can be chosen from a set of possibilities, or the freedom to
make a choice (choice available)

Eg. There are various options open to someone who is willing to work hard

Selection (n): a choice or range of different types of st (the act of choosing)

Eg. The larger stores are able to stock a wider selection of goods

Part 2

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Câu 1

Or: Chỉ ra sự thay thế/khả năng khác

 Bão tuyết đơn giản chỉ là gió mạnh kèm theo tuyết rơi hoặc, thường gặp hơn, tuyết bị
gió thổi lên và cuốn dọc theo mặt đất

Blizzard (n): bão tuyết

Câu 2

At a time: during any one period

Eg. I can only do one thing at a time

For some time: for a fairly long period of time

Eg. I’ve been doing yoga for some time

Câu 3

 Nó không có gì lạ khi các vật thể chỉ cách khoảng 1 hoặc 2 mét trở lên không thể nhận
ra trong 1 trận bão tuyết lớn

Câu 4

Be confined to somewhere/something: to exist only in a particular area or group of

people

Eg. We know that the illness is not confined to any one group in society

Confine (v): +to limit an activity, person, or problem in some way: hạn chế

Eg. Let’s confine our discussion to the matter in question, please!

Please confine your use of the phone to business calls

+to keep sb closed in a place, often by force

Eg. The hostages had been confined for so long that they couldn’t cope with the outside
wold

Câu 18

Think of: nghĩ gì về

Eg. What did you think of the film

Think of st as: nghĩ cái gì như là

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Eg. Salmon used to be thought as expensive/a luxury

Câu 21

On an annual basis: trêen nền tảng, cơ sở hàng năm

Câu 25:

Upside down (adj,adv): having the part that is usually on the top turned to be at the
bottom

Eg. He put the pots upside down on a dish towel to let them dry

Câu 27

Error of judgment: a wrong decision

Eg. Not telling the staff before they read the news in the papers was an error of judgment

Part 3

Câu 28

Influence (n/v): ảnh hưởng, sự ảnh hưởng

 Influential (a) : thuộc ảnh hưởng, có sức ảnh hưởng

 Influenza (n): bệnh cảm cúng

Câu 29

Draw attention to: thu hút sự chú ý đến

Attend (v): tham gia

 Attendant (a/n): có mặt/tiếp viên

 Attendance (n): sự có mặt
 Attentive (a): chú ý
 Unattended (a): một mình, không có ai kèm, alone, unaccompanied
 Attendee (n): người tham dự

Câu 30

Cách dùng trạng từ: được sử dụng để bổ nghĩa cho 1 câu, một mệnh đề hoặc một cụm từ

Eg. It’s essentially (thực chất) a dictionary but it differs in one or two respects.

Essential (a): quan trọng

 Essentialism (n): chủ nghĩa bản chất >< progressivism: chủ nghĩa cấp tiến
 Essentially (adv) : thiết yếu, cần thiết

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 Non-essential (a): không quan trọng

 Coessential (a): có cùng bản chất hoặc thiết yếu với nhau
 Essence (n): bản chất, bản thể, nguyên thể: the basic or most important idea or quality
In essence: relating to the most important characteristics or ideas of st
Be of the essence: to be the most important thing

Câu 31:

Signify (v): to mean st, be a sign of/ make st known, to show/ have importance or to
matter

 Significance (n): importance/ special meaning

 Signification (n):the meaning (of a word)
 Signifier (n): st that represents a quality or idea

Eg. The image of Santan Clause is a cultural signifier of Christmas

 Significant= Significative (a): có ý nghĩa, quan trọng

Part 4

Câu 38

Loose (a): + not firmly held or fastened in place

Eg. Tooth is loose, loose wires

+ (of clothes) not fitting closely to the body

Eg. Wear comfortable, loose clothing to your exercise class

+ not tightly controlled, or not exact

Eg. It’s a fairly loose adaptation of the novel

The house got loose from the stable and started trotting towards the road

Câu 39

Slip st into st: to put st somewhere quickly, often so that you are not noticed

Eg. He slipped a piece of paper into my hand with his address on it

Slip into st : to quickly put on a piece of clothing/ to gradually start to be in a bad state
or condition

Slip : to move out of the correct position: trượt đi

Eg. I slipped on the ice and landed right on my bottom

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Slip references to: khéo léo nhắc đến

Eg. The speaker slipped a few references to the local football team into his speech

Câu 40

Head : + the top part or bEginning of st

Eg. The head of the queue

+ a good head for: be very good at

Eg. Herriet has a good head for figures

+ sb in charge of or leading an organization, group

Eg. The head of the History department

Câu 41

Spot: + a particular place

Eg, This looks like a nice spot for a picnic

+ a small amount

Eg.. I’m having a spot of bother (=some trouble) with one of by back teeth

Part 5

Câu 47

Take sb on/for somewhere: dẫn ai đó đi

Câu 49

Keep st under control: giữ cái gì trong tầm kiểm soát

Eg. It’s important to keep your emotions under control during stressful situations

Bring st under control: kiểm soát được cái gì

Eg. The firefighters managed to bring the blaze under control

Get st under control: bắt đầu kiểm soát được điều gì

Eg. The team worked hard to get the project under control

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