CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
F. Pimentel Ave. Brgy. 2, Daet, Camarines Norte

MIDYEAR LET REVIEW 2024

MCQ on the Foundation of Special
and Inclusive Education
1. It means that all students, regardless of their color,
group they belong to, strengths or weaknesses in
any area become part of the school community.

a. Special Education
b. Inclusive Education
c. Education System
d. Both a and c
Special Education

- It is learning side by side with peers (those with disabilities and

giftedness)

Inclusive Education

- Supervised by a teacher who teaches regular pupils

- Learners with exceptionalities learn with regular students
- Learners are accepted regardless of color, group, strength, or
weaknesses
2. According to UNESCO (2009), inclusive education
is primarily about:

a. Providing special facilities for gifted students

b. Educating only those with special needs
c. Putting the right to education into action by including all learners
d. Ensuring all learners are placed in special education classes
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION (IE)
is about putting the right to education into action, by including
all learners, respecting their diverse needs, abilities, and
characteristics, and eliminating all forms of discrimination in the learning
environment (UNESCO, 2009)
process of strengthening the capacity of the education system to
reach out to all learners (UNESCO, 2017).
3. Which of the following best describes the term
"Special Education Needs" (SEN)?
a. Referring to all students regardless of their abilities
b. Term used for students with exceptional talents only
c. Term used in some countries for children requiring additional
support due to impairments
d. Synonymous with gifted education
SPECIAL EDUCATION NEEDS (SEN)
a term used in some countries to refer to children with
impairments that are seen as requiring additional support
(UNESCO, 2017, p.7)
4. What practice involves educating students with
learning challenges in regular classes based on their
skills?
a. Regularization
b. Mainstreaming
c. Integration
d. Inclusion
INTEGRATION
refers to the creation of spaces such as regular classrooms, special education
classrooms, or pull-out services for diverse learners
INCLUSION
involves changes and modifications in content, approaches, structure, and
strategies, with a common vision that covers all children of the appropriate age range
and a conviction that it is the responsibility of the regular system to educate all
children (UNESCO, 2005)
MAINSTREAMING
is the practice of educating students with learning challenges in regular classes,
in the least restrictive environment, based on their skills.
5. Reduced function or loss of a specific part of the
body or organ refers to___________.

a. Disability
b. Handicap
c. Impairment
d. All of the above
Classification of Disorder:
Impairment – refers to reduced function/loss ORGAN LEVEL
Disability – Difficulty to do certain activity PERSON LEVEL
Handicap – Social disadvantage SOCIETAL LEVEL
6. Which of the following is an example of an
environmental barrier according to the social model
of disability?
a. Lack of motivation
b. Negative self-esteem
c. No ramps in buildings
d. Personal health conditions
SOCIAL MODEL
• disability is seen to be caused by barriers in society; These barriers
include inaccessible environments (e.g. no ramps in buildings, no subtitles in
movie houses for persons with hearing impairments, and no sound signals for
persons with visual impairments in crossing the streets), negative attitudes
(e.g, fear, over-protective families, stigma, negative media, and labeling), and
inflexible organizations (e.g. segregated or poor education, housing problems,
discrimination in employment).
MEDICAL MODEL (the person is the problem)
7. Which of the following is an example of an
accommodation strategy in inclusive education?

a. Simplifying the curriculum content

b. Using audio books for a student with visual impairments
c. Creating separate classrooms for students with disabilities
d. Reducing the amount of homework for all students
Accommodation strategies involve changes in how students learn
the same material, like using audiobooks for visually impaired
students.
8. Which practice involves changes in what a student
is taught or expected to learn?

a. Mainstreaming
b. Accommodation
c. Integration
d. Modification
Modification changes the content or expectations for learning,
such as simplifying texts for students with intellectual disabilities.
9. Why is the use of "People First" language
important in inclusive education?
a. To highlight the disability over the individual
b. To shift the focus to the individual's abilities rather than their
condition
c. To simplify communication
d. To maintain traditional terminology
People First language emphasizes the individual rather than their
disability, promoting respect and dignity.
10. When referring to learners with disabilities,
giftedness, and talents, which DOES NOT adhere to
the People First Policy?
a. Special Child
b. Person with Autism
c. Person with disability
d. Person with ADHD
People First Language places the focus on the person, not the
disability
Example:
Children with special needs
(people) (disability)
11. According to DepEd Order 21, series of 2019, who
are considered the primary implementers of inclusive
education?
a. School administrators
b. Government officials
c. Teachers
d. Parents
Teachers are considered the primary implementers of inclusive
education, addressing the diverse needs of learners.
12. In this particular period, individuals with
disabilities were made fun of and mocked for their
deformities and behaviors, what do you call this
period??
a. Era of Extermination
b. Era of Asylum
c. Era of Obedience
d. Era of Ridicule
Era of Extermination ✓ During the Greek and Roman Eras, it was regarded as a punishment from God,
something that signifies being bad or evil.
✓ Thus, it was not surprising that there were calls for infanticide or that a father had
the right to terminate their child's life if he or she happened to be born with a disability.
✓ disability was viewed as an impurity.
✓ a disabled person was denied some rights (e.g., being prohibited from entering
sacred places
✓ From viewing disability as a sign of evil, people's perspective changed to viewing
persons with disability as needing help.
Era of Ridicule 1. During the Middle Ages, persons with disability were treated with ridicule in which
they were used as servants or fools; they mocked for their deformities and behavior;
or were used as clowns; they were may even be ordered to be put to death.
Era of Asylum 1. During the Renaissance Period, the Catholic Church began accepting persons with
disabilities as wards of state.
2. Was the start of the humane treatment given to them. They were taken cared for,
albeit in isolation.
3. However, the belief that once disabled, always disabled rendered these individuals
uneducable
13. What was the significance of Pedro Ponce de
Leon's work in the 16th century?
a. He developed a universal language for all disabilities.
b. He provided education to deaf children of the nobility.
c. He created a new religion for people with disabilities.
d. He founded the first asylum for people with disabilities.
EARLY BEGINNINGS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
Whereas being cared for can be considered as a humane treatment for persons with
disability, a different perspective stipulates that without education, there is no humanity.
to reinforce equal treatment among all humans, one should have the right to education
regardless of his or her disability. This led some individuals to devise ways to deliver education
to those with disabilities, and thus, the start of the development of special and inclusive
education.
Among these individuals were:
Pedro Ponce de Leon (1578), who provided education to deaf children from the nobility
Abbe Charles Michel de l'Epee (1960), put up an institute for the deaf; and
Louis Braille (1829), invented the Braille script to allow the blind to read
14. Which legislation in the Philippines provides for
the integration of disabled persons into mainstream
society?
a. RA 3562
b. PD 603
c. RA 7277
d. RA 6759
RA 7277, known as the Magna Carta for Disabled Persons,
promotes the rehabilitation and integration of disabled persons into
mainstream society.
RA No. 3562 An Act to promote the education of the blind in the
Philippines on June 21, 1963 provided for the formal training of
special education teachers of blind children at the Philippine
Normal College.
1975 PD 603 known as the Child and Youth Welfare Code. Article 3 on the
Rights of the Child provides among others that the emotionally disturbed or
socially maladjusted child shall be treated with sympathy and understanding
and shall be given the education and care required by his particular condition.

RA 6759 embodies that it is declared to be the policy of the State to promote

and protect the physical, moral, and social well-being of all handicapped
persons such as the blind, and to undertake studies on specific causes of the
high percentage of blind people in the Philippines.
15. This law recognizes the need for inclusiveness of
education and stipulates the implementation of
programs aiming to address the needs of all learners.
What do we call this law?
a. MTBLE
b. Kindergarten Education Act
c. Republic Act 1425
d. Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013
Education for Exceptionals (Legal Bases)
Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013
- Program to address needs of all learners
DepEd Order 21, s. 2019
- K12 Basic Education Program: Inclusion
Senate Bill 1298
- Free Public Education
16. How did the 1973 Philippine Constitution impact
special education?

a. It abolished special education programs.

b. It mandated the inclusion of all children, including those with
disabilities, in educational opportunities.
c. It restricted education to non-disabled individuals.
d. It provided funding only for regular education programs.
The 1973 Constitution of the Philippines Section 8 Article XV.
The constitutional provision for the universality of educational
opportunities and the education of every citizen as a primary
concern of the government implies the inclusion of exceptional
children and youth.
17. What does the term 'least restrictive environment'
refer to in the context of inclusive education?

a. Placing all children with disabilities in separate schools.

b. Educating children with disabilities alongside their non-disabled peers.
c. Limiting the interaction between disabled and non-disabled students.
d. Restricting the curriculum for students with disabilities.
The least restrictive environment principle advocates for
educating children with disabilities in settings that are as inclusive
as possible.
18. The following are intellectual characteristics of
gifted learners EXCEPT?

a. Excited to see a new toy

b. Being keen to details
c. Always curious
d. Having the capacity to reflect deeply
19. The most common impairments that may cause
sensory disabilities are

a. Speech and Language impairments

b. Vision and Hearing impairments
c. Emotional and behavioral impairments
d. Cognitive and Learning impairments
a. Speech and Language impairments
- Condition in which a person has problems creating or forming
the speech sounds needed to communicate with others.
c. Emotional and Behavioral impairments
- Specific mental health disorders that cause extreme difficulties
with both emotions and behaviors. Example: Autism and mental
retardation etc.
a. Autism
- Impaired social interaction and communication
- Repetative actions
- ASD/Wide spectrum

b. Mental Retardation
- Intellectual difficulty
- Subaverage intelligence and deficits in behavior (70 and below)
c. Cognitive and Learning Impairments
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Difficulty in focus
- Recurrent hyperactive and impulsive

Learning Disabilities
- Dyslexia (reading)
- Dysgraphia (writing)
- Dyscalculia (arithmetic)
- Dyspraxia (psychomotor)
Speech and Communication Disorder
- Different in terms of speaking the language

Dysarthria – injury; slurred speech

Aphasia – injury; loss of speech
Mutism – cannot speak; muscles vocal track
d. Sensory Impairments
Visual Impairment
a.Nearsightedness (myopia) – clear when close
b.Farsightedness (hyperopia) – clear in distance
c. Presbyopia – trouble reading small points
d. Astigmatism – cornea damage; a common eye problem that
can make your vision blurry or distorted
e. Tunnel Vision – central vision is clear like a tube
20. In the context of giftedness, what does the 'IQ
Definitions' category emphasize?

a. High achievement in specific areas

b. A fixed proportion set by a school
c. A certain cutoff point in intelligence tests
d. Superior creative abilities
Giftedness Definition
1. After-the-fact Definitions - those who consistently perform outstandingly
and achieve in a valuable area are considered 'gifted' or 'talented'.
2. IQ Definitions - Those who get a score above a certain cutoff point in
an intelligence test are considered 'gifted' or 'talented'.
3. Percentage Definitions -Those who belong to a fixed proportion that a
school or district sets are considered 'gifted' or 'talented'.
4. Talent Definitions - Those who excel in specific aesthetics
(e.g., art, music) or academic (e.g., math, science) area/s are
considered 'gifted' or 'talented'
5. Creativity Definitions - Those who possess superior creative
abilities are considered 'gifted' and 'talented'
21. Which intellectual characteristic is commonly
associated with gifted learners?

a. Excessive competitiveness
b. High curiosity
c. Domineering behavior
d. Sharp sense of humor
Characteristics of Gifted Learners
1. Intellectual
having exceptional reasoning ability
being curious intellectually
learning quickly
having complex thought processes
having vivid imaginations
thinks analytically, etc.
Characteristics of Gifted Learners
2. Non- Intellectual
may not always follow the rule
tends to be domineering and argumentative
excessively competitive
may have a sharp sense of humor
Characteristics of Gifted Learners
3. Personality Characteristics (Personality-Wise)
insightful
may have a strong need to understand and to be stimulated
mentally
possibility of perfectionism
sensitivity toward other
22. Which type of gifted learner is characterized by
divergent thinking and high risk of dropping out?

a. Type I: The Successful

b. Type II: The Creative
c. Type III: The Underground
d. Type IV: The At-Risk
Profiles of Gifted Learners
1. Type I: The Successful
most gifted and talented learners fall under this type
discover what "sells" at home and school
a convergent thinker who learns easily and excels in exams, eager to
gain the approval of parents and teachers and to be liked by peers.
possesses a positive self-concept but is unaware of deficiencies
Profiles of Gifted Learners
2. Type II: The Creative
This learner is divergently gifted.
Due to the little recognition this type of learner receives, one usually
experiences self-esteem issues and is at high risk for eventually dropping out
of school
Profiles of Gifted Learners
3. Type III: The Underground
this learner may hide giftedness in order to fit in with non-gifted peer
groups that could lead to a sudden decline in grades, and this learner may
experience conflict between one's needs and the expectations of one's
parents and teachers.
Profiles of Gifted Learners
4. Type IV: The At-Risk
The giftedness needs of this learner have not been met, resulting to
defensiveness and anger toward adults or oneself. This could led to symptoms
of depression and withdrawal as well as acting out.
usually develops interest that are outside of the school's regular
curriculum and have poor self concept.
Profiles of Gifted Learners
5. Type V: Twice Exceptional
possesses giftedness at the same time as being physically and
emotionally challenged.
6. Type VI: The Autonomous Learner
adapts easily to the schools system and is able to create oneself new
opportunities.
has positive self-concept and receives positive attention and support for
one's accomplishments.
independent and self-directed
23. The services designed to assist students with
disabilities in moving form living at home and
attending school to independent living, employment,
and community involvement is called ___________.
a. Progression
b. Promotion
c. Termination
d. Transition
24. Most of the labels used to identify and categorize
students for special education services ___________

a. help peers to understand and accept students’ diversities

b. prevent those students from going through the Response to Intervention
process
c. allow teachers to move those students out of regular education classrooms
d. have positive connotations
25. Modifications of curriculum, materials, and/or
instructional methods often are needed to _________.

a. allow parents to assist their children with homework assignments

b. ensure that all students meet the standards of the general education
curriculum
c. allow students with significant disabilities to access the general education
curriculum and classroom
d. To meet the needs of culturally diverse students
25. The intent of this federal statute is to improve the
academic achievement of all students and to close
the achievement gap between disadvantaged and
minority students and their peers.
a. IDEA
b. FERPA
c. ADA
d. NCLB
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
- Federal law that protects the privacy of student education records.

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

- Is a law that makes available a free appropriate public education to eligible
children with disabilities throughout the nation and ensures special education
and related services to those children.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
- ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with
disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation,
and all public and private places that are open to general public.
26. What is the primary focus of an Individualized
Education Plan (IEP)?

A. Providing accelerated learning for gifted students

B. Offering enrichment activities for all students
C. Customizing goals and strategies for learners with special needs
D. Grouping students by their academic performance
GROUPING STRATEGY
a. FULL-TIME HOMOGENEOUS GROUPING
Special Schools for the Gifted- these schools cater to
elementary or secondary gifted learners with a curriculum that
includes both prescribed academic content requirements
Special Classes- these are school within-a-school concepts
where gifted children of the same level attend a class together on a
full-time basis e.g., DepEd's Head Start Program for the Gifted
GROUPING STRATEGY
b. FULL-TIME HETEROGENOUS GROUPING
Cluster Groups- refers to placing five to ten high-ability students in one
regular class per grade, along with other 15 to 20 regular students.
Heterogeneous Classes- combine prescribed and differentiated
curriculum for the benefit of both regular and gifted learners.
Individualized Education Plan (IEP)- a basic requirement for schools
catering to LSEN. It is a written plan that is customized to achieve learner's
goals in one academic year.
GROUPING STRATEGY
c. PART-TIME AND TEMPORARY GROUPING
Pullout Programs- learners are pulled out of their regular mainstream classes once or twice a
week to spend two to three hours per session in special enrichment activities, guided by a teacher of
gifted and talented education.
Part-time Special Classes- gifted and talented learners enjoy 50% to 70% of the prescribed
curriculum in the regular classes and attend differentiated curriculum in the special classes.
Enrichment Clusters- works for different-level learners with common interests such as
journalism, literature, engineering, baking, and others.
Special Interest Groups and Clubs- is more common among secondary students where
enrichment activities in different clubs exist, such as drama classes, chess club, mathematician club,
religious club, and others.
27. The "Acceleration" component in the inclusive
education program refers to:

A. Providing additional support for students with disabilities

B. Advanced placement of learners to a higher grade level
C. Enrichment activities within the current grade level
D. Creating a resource room for specialized instruction
Acceleration involves promoting learners to a higher grade level
than usual, reflecting their advanced capabilities and readiness for
more challenging material.
28. Local school districts must operate their special
education programs according to _________.

A. The regulations established at the state and federal levels

B. The guidelines established by school principals and district
superintendents
C. What is appropriate for the students in their local district
D. The guidelines established by the state governor
29. Jamie’s mental age is 8 and his chronological age
is 10. Compute Jamie’s IQ score.
A. 77
B. 75
C. 80
D. 79

IQ = Mental Age/Physical Age x 100

29. Being a member of an effective interdisciplinary
team requires

A. listening, preparation, and advocating for the student based on your

area of expertise
B. listening, power, and paraphrasing
C. paraphrasing, power, and preparation
D. listening, paraphrasing, and flexibility in meeting times
30. Which of the following is NOT an important
strategy for creating effective interactions between
teachers and parents?

A. Be positive
B. Be polite
C. Be powerful
D. Be proactive
31. Encouragement is more effective than praise with
others because

A. It recognizes effort and is not evaluative of a product

B. It does not facilitate intrinsic motivation
C. It is not concerned with potential and worth of the person
D. None of the above
32. The guidelines regarding the components of
successful collaboration include______________

A. Skilled leadership
B. A common mission and purpose
C. Recognizes partnerships with persons considered as equal
contributing members
D. All of the above
33. Parents who do not seem to want to be involved
in their child’s school or who seem angry at the
schools should be___________________

A. Encouraged to take part in their child’s education

B. Removed from the educational team
C. Limited in their participation as decision-makers
D. Encouraged to let the school take charge of their child’s future
33. Which is not an emphatic response that a teacher
could share with a student?

A. I can see that you’re frustrated

B. You’re angry about what just happened
C. Let’s sit down and let me explain it to you
D. I’m trying to understand how you feel
34. Kounin (1970) identified specific teacher
behaviors that effectively increase student attention
and learning. Which one of the following is a skill that
effective teachers use?
A. Plan lessons on the spur of the moment to capitalize on creativity
B. Set high expectations for achievement
C. Capitalize on the teachable moment by digressing frequently from the
topic
D. Do most of the talking in the classroom
35. To assess a student who struggles both
academically and socially in the school and
community settings, what type of assessments need
to be administered to determine eligibility for mild
intellectual disabilities?
A. Group administered IQ tests and speech articulation tests
B. Individually administered IQ tests and adaptive behavior
assessments
C. Intelligence screening tests and fine motor assessments
D. Individual math and reading assessments
36. What is the essence of inclusive education?

A. It is education for children with special needs

B. It is welcoming children with disabilities in schools
C. It is accepting all children for education regardless of size, shape, color,
ability or disability.
D. It is classifying students according to IQ and accepting all regardless of IQ
37. As a special education teacher, Mr. Balane has
students of different skills and levels. He therefore
prepares activities for each group like: fast learners,
average learners, and slow learners. What is the
basis of Mr. Balane for doing this?
A. Law of readiness
B. Maximizing potentials
C. Interesting lessons
D. Varied activities and multi-level activities
38. Liza could not speak because of certain muscles
in her vocal track which she could not move. What
condition does she likely have?

A. Aphasia
B. Apraxia
C. Autism
D. Mutism
39. Which of the following is not a domain in the
community-based instruction?

A. Domestic domain
B. Reading domain
C. Community domain
D. Leisure domain
40. Val is a teacher in an inclusive school. As a way
of integrating her students with and without
disabilities, she allows them to spend their
mealtimes together. What kind of integration does Val
practice in this institution?
A. Social integration
B. Academic integration
C. Locomotor integration
D. Human integration
41. Jane was given special activity under the
supervision of the special education teacher in the
resource room. Which of the following was given to
Jane?
A. Accomodation
B. Modification
C. Assimilation
D. Both a and b
ASSIMILATION – ‘fit’ the idea into what they already know
ACCOMMODATION- The same task is given to everyone else
MODIFICATION – changing some parts of the task
42. Which of the following is NOT a principle applied
in the use of UDL?

A. Multiple means of engagement

B. Multiple means of assessment
C. Multiple means of representation
D. Multiple means of action and expression
Universal Design – design by all people
Universal Design for Learning
- Process
- Flexible
- Inclusive
- Approaches for individual needs
43. James cornea has been damaged which leads his
cornea to produce images that are not equal in focus,
what kind of visual impairment does James have?

A. Nearsightedness
B. Astigmatism
C. Farsigthedness
D. Cortical impairment
44. Harry had an accident in which his spinal cord
was damaged. Which of the following could Harry
develop?

A. Scoliosis
B. Spinal Breakdown
C. Paraplegia
D. Arthritis