CBSE PRACTICE PAPER 1

SCIENCE - 10
Time : 3 hrs Max. Marks : 80

Instructions
(i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
(ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions.
A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
(iii) Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
(iv) Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answer to these
questions should in the range of 30 to 50 words.
(v) Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each- Answer to
these questions should in the range of 50 to 80 words.
(vi) Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answer to
these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
(vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each
with sub-parts.

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the four options given for each of the
questions 1-20)
1. Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it. He collected the gas evolved
by inverting a test tube over it, as shown in figure below.

2.

Identify gas A in the given experiment.

(i) SO2 (ii) SO
(iii) HS (iv) N2

(a) (i) and (ii) (b) Only (i)

(c) Only (iii) (d) Only (iv)

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2. Carbon can use four hydrogen atoms to form methane (CH 4), because
(a) valency of carbon is four
(b) valency of hydrogen is one
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) carbon gets noble gas configuration by making four covalent bonds with hydrogen

3. Identify gas A evolved at anode in the given setup.

(a) Oxygen (b) Ozone

(c) Hydrogen (d) Carbon dioxide

4. With the reference to four given oxides, which one of the options in the table is correct?

Oxide Nature of oxide

(a) SO2 Basic

(b) H2 O Acidic

(c) AI2O3 Amphoteric

(d) CaO Neutral

5. Gold is used for making jewellery. What are the properties of gold make it a suitable metal
for making jewellery?
(a) Ductility (b) Malleability
(c) Lustrous (d) All of these

6. Sunita observe the following compounds and conclude that the compound having acidic
nature is
(a) Lime juice (b) Human blood
(c) Lime water (d) Antacid

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 7. Which among the following are unsaturated hydrocarbons? ,

(i) CH3—CH2—CH3 (ii) CH3 — CH = CH— CH3

(iii) (iv)

(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2, 3 and 6

(c) 2, 3, 4 and 5 (d) 2, 3, 5 and 6

8. The diagram shows the human gut. Which numbered structures secrete digestive enzymes?
What are the colours of Q and R, when the leaf is tested for starch, using iodine solution?

Q R

(a) Blue/black Brown

(b) Brown Brown

(c) Blue/black Blue/black

(d) Brown Blue/black

9. A plant is kept in the dark for two days. A leaf from this plant, is used in an experiment to
investigate the effect of two factors on photosynthesis as shown in the diagram.

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(a) (i) and (in) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (ii), (iii) and (iv)

10. A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short pea plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all
tall plant because
(a) tallness is the dominant trait
(b) shortness is the dominant trait
(c) tallness is the recessive trait
(d) height of pea plant is not governed by gene ‘T’ or ‘t’.

11. Identify the organism below and also the mode of reproduction it undergoes.

(a) Planaria-Regeneration (b) Spirogyra-Budding

(c) Plasmodium-Binary fission (d) Amoeba-Multiple fission

12. Consider the following figure with reference to brain.

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Identify the unlabelled parts (A, B and C) by choosing correct option below.

A B C

(a) Medulla Cerebrum Skull

(b) Skull Medulla Cerebrum

(c) Cranium Cerebrum Medulla

(d) Cerebrum Cranium Medulla oblongata

13. If the length of a wire is doubled, then

(a) the resistance will remain unchanged
(b) the resistance will become four times of its original value .
(c) the resistance will become one-fourth of its original value
(d) None of the above

14. The magnetic field lines of a bar magnet are shown in figure below.

Which of the following is correct representation of magnetic field lines due to bar magnet?
(a) Only A (b) Both A and D
(c) Both A and C (d) All of these

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 15. Two copper wires of different length and diameter are shown in figure below, then

(a) the resistance of wire 1 is 4 times of resistance of wire 2

(b) the resistance of wire 2 is 4 times of resistance of wire T
(c) the resistance of wire 1 is 8 times of resistance of wire 2
(d) the resistance of wire 2 is 8 times of resistance of wire 1

16. The direction of induced electric current in a conductor, when it is placed in a varying magnetic
field can be assessed by
(a) Maxwell’s right hand-thumb rule
(b) Ohm’s law
(c) Fleming’s left hand rule
(d) Fleming's right hand rule

Direction (Q. no. 17-20) are Assertion-Reason based questions.

These consist of two statements- Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

17. Assertion (A) Graphite is slippery to touch.

Reason (R) The various layers of carbon atoms in graphite are held together by weak van der
Waals’ forces.

18. Assertion (A) Forelimbs of vertebrates are homologous organs.

Reason (R) Analogous organ have same origin but different functions.

19. Assertion (A) Blood pressure is much greater in arteries than veins.
Reason (R) The force exerted by blood against the wall of the vessel is called blood pressure.

20. Assertion (A) The magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is independent

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 of its length and cross-sectional area.
Reason (R) The magnetic field inside the solenoid has variable value.

Section-B
(Q. no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21. A solid limestone is burnt to form quicklime and a gas. Define the reaction involved and also
write its chemical equation.
Or
Surbi reacts the following given, metals with respective reagents. He observed a gas evolved
in both cases. Give the chemical equations involved in both cases.

Metals Reagent Gas evolved

Magnesium dil. HNO3 Yes

Sodium H2 O Yes

22. Write down the hormones secreted by pancreas and mention the function of each.

23. An acid is secreted in our stomach, why?

24. Differentiate between respiration in plants and respiration in animals.

25.

State the defect of vision observed in the above diagram. Explain the reasons which cause
this effect.
Or
What is hypermetropia? Draw the diagram of image formed, when this type of defective eye
see at near point.

26. Vegetarian food habits can sustain a larger number of people. Justify the statement in
terms of food chain.

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 Section-C
(Q. no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27. State which of the following chemical reactions will take place or which will not, giving
suitable reason for each?
(a) Zn(s)+ CuSO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
(b) Fe(s) + ZnSO4(aq) FeSO4(aq) + Zn(s)
(c) Zn(s)+ FeSO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq)+ Fe(s)

28. Complete the following reactions and name the main product formed in each case
(a) CH3COOH + NaOH ….. + ……
(b) C2H5OH + O2 …… + ……

(c)

29. Why do veins have thin walls as compared to arteries?

Or
Mention the process by which water enters into root hair cells. Explain plasmolysis. Give one
application of this phenomenon in our dally life.

30. Rohit wants to have an inverted image of an object using a concave mirror. If he kept the
object at a distance 50 cm from the mirror and the image is formed at a distance of 30 cm from
the mirror, then
(a) Specify the range of focal length of the concave mirror.
(b) Draw the ray diagram to show image formation in this case.
(c) State the magnification produced by concave mirror.

31. A convergent lens of power 5D is combined with a divergent lens of power -4D, then find
the focal length and power of combination of both lenses.

32. A student has taken a small aluminium rod and two connecting wires. He kept this rod by
current flowing through it in a magnetic field, then he observe that the rod experiences a force
on it,
(a) Why does the current carrying rod kept in magnetic field experience a force? •
(b) Name the rule by which the direction of force on the rod is determined.
(c) List the factors on which the direction of this force depends.
Or
A current is allowed to flow through a solenoid. State your observations for the following cases
and give reasons for the same in each case.

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(a) The solenoid behaves like a magnet. (1 1/2)
(b) The solenoid is a temporary magnet (1 1/2)

33. Explain, how pesticides get accumulated in the environment?

Section-D
(Q. no. 34 to 36 are long answer type questions)

34. Ritika heated blue coloured powder of copper (II) nitrate in a boiling tube, copper oxide
(black), oxygen gas and a brown gas X is formed.
(a) Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction. (1)
(b) Identify the brown gas X evolved. What could be the pH range of its aqueous solution? (2)
(c) Identify the type of reaction. Define it. (2)
Or
(a) The carbonate of metal X is a white solid. It decomposes when heated to form carbon
dioxide and a yellow solid oxide. What is metal X? (2)
(b) What happens when Rakesh passed hydrogen gas over the heated copper oxide? Write
the chemical equation involved in this reaction. (3)

35. (a) Write the function of following parts in human female reproductive system.
(i) Ovary (ii) Oviduct (iii) Uterus (1×3)
(b) Describe in brief the structure and function of placenta. (2)
Or
(a) State two reasons why Mendel choose garden pea for his experiment? (3)
(b) Write down the three differences between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
(2)

36. In the given circuits, A, B, C and D are four lamps connected with a battery of 60 V.

Analyse the circuit to answer the following questions.

(a) What kind of combination are the lamps arranged in (series or parallel)? (1)
(b) Explain with reference to your above answer, what are the advantages (any two) of this
combination of lamps? (1)
(c) Explain with proper calculations, which lamp glows the brightest. (2)

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(d) Find out the total resistance of the circuit. (1)

Section-E
(Q. no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal
choice is provide in one of these sub-parts)

37. A student decided to observe the effect of acid on base. He took some sodium hydroxide
solution in a test tube and add a few (one or two) drops of phenolphthalein. He observed that
the solution turned violet. Then he add hydrochloric acid dropwise which disappear the
obtained colour. The violet colour of the solution reappears if sodium hydroxide is added again.

(a) What conclusion can you draw from this activity? (2)
(b) Name the type of reaction performed. Also write the equation involved. (2)
Or
(b) Name the indicator used in this experiment. Also write the products formed when an acid
reacts with a base. (2)

38. Radha conducted an experiment where she, first crossed pure-breed pea plants having
round-yellow seeds with pure-breed pea plants having wrinkled-green seeds and found that
only A-B type of seeds were produced in the F 1-generation. When F1-generation pea plants
having A-B type of seeds were cross-breed by self-pollination, then in addition to the original
round-yellow and wrinkled-green seeds, two new varieties A-D and C-B types of seeds were
also obtained.
(a) What are A-D type of seeds? (1)
(b) State whether A and B are dominant traits or recessive traits. (1)
(c) What are A-B type of seeds? Show their inheritance using a Punnett square ? (2)
Or
Out of A-B and A-D types of seeds, which one will be produced in (a) minimum number and
(b) maximum number in the F2-generation? (2)

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39. Read the following and answer the questions from (a) to (c).

Light is a form of energy which induces sensation of vision to our eyes. Objects becomes
visible when light bounces off on surfaces and hits our eyes.
The phenomenon of bouncing back of light rays in the same medium on striking a smooth
surface is called reflection of light.
If parallel beam of incident rays remains parallel even after reflection and goes only in one
direction is known as regular reflection. It takes place mostly in plane mirrors or highly polished
metal surfaces.
The mirror outside the driver side of a vehicle is usually a spherical mirror and a warning is
printed on such a mirror as “vehicles in this mirror are closer than they appear.”
(a) Based on the text and data given in the above paragraph, which type of mirror is used
outside the driver’s side of a vehicle? (1)
(b) If you stand at any distance from the mirror, then your image appears erect. Identify the
mirror. (1)
(c) If an object is placed at 10 cm from a convex mirror of radius of curvature 60 cm, then find
the position of image. (2)
Or
The focal length of mirror is 12 cm, then what is the radius of curvature? (2)

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 SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICE PAPER 1
SCIENCE - 10

Ans 1. (b) The gas evolved in the given experiment is sulphur dioxide (SO2).

Ans 2. (c) Carbon has 4 electrons in its valence shell, while hydrogen has one electron in its
valence shell.
To complete their octet and duplet respectively, they form covalent bonds. Carbon utilises its
4 valence electrons and forms 4 covalent bonds with 4 hydrogen atoms, using one valence
electron with each hydrogen atom.

Ans 3. (a) The given set up is of electrolysis of water. The gases formed at two electrodes go
on collecting in the top parts of the inverted test tubes. Oxygen is evolved at anode whereas
hydrogen is present at cathode. Hence, evolved gas A is oxygen.

Ans 4. (c)
(a) SO2 is acidic oxide because S is non-metal and non-metals form acidic oxide.
(b) is a neutral oxide.
(c) AI2D3 is an amphoteric oxide which behaves as acid as well as base.
(d) CaO is basic oxide because Ca is a metal and metals form basic oxide.

Ans 5. (d) Gold has all given properties which make it suitable for making jewellery. Gold is
ductile, malleable and lustrous. It can be drawn into thin sheets and wires and has shiny
appearance.

Ans 6. (a) Lime juice is acidic in nature because it contains citric acid. Human blood is slightly
basic (i.e. having pH 7.8). Limewater and antacid are basic in nature as they contain hydroxide
(OH-) ion.

Ans 7. (b) 1 is stomach, which secretes pepsin in gastric juice.

2 is pancreas, which secretes trypsin and amylase.
3 is small intestine in which lipase and peptidase are secreted while 6 is salivary gland
which secretes amylase in saliva.

Ans 8. (b) The colours of both Q and R regions when tested with iodine solution appeared
brown. This indicates that there was no starch in both regions.
In both regions Q and R photosynthesis did not occur, since part Q of the leaf was covered by
the cut part of the cork, while part R was exposed to KOH kept in the flask to absorb CO 2.
In the absence of light (for Q) and CO2 (for R), photosynthesis did not occur, thus starch was

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not formed and regions Q and R tested negative with iodine (A positive test for starch converts
the leaf blue black with iodine).

Ans 9. (c) Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bond in their structure. Both (ii)
and (iv) have double carbon-carbon bonds in their structures.

Ans 10. (a) In F1-generation, the cross between TT and tt will result into all tall plants as shown
in the figure. Thus, tallness is the dominant trait which expresses itself regardless of its
presence in homozygous or heterozygous state.

Ans 11. (a) Above figure shows, regeneration (asexual reproduction) in Planaria which can
regenerate into a complete individual from a single segment of their body part.

Ans 12. (d) A is cerebrum, which is responsible for reasoning, speech, hearing, intelligence
and usage of information.
B is cranium, which protects brain while C is medulla oblongata that controls involuntary
actions, such as breathing, blood pressure (BP), etc.

Ans 13. (b) The resistance of a wire is given by

𝑙 𝑙2 𝑙2
R= = =
𝐴 𝐴𝑙 𝑉

∴R l2 (∵ Volume remains constant, when we are stretching the wire)

Now, l2 = 2l1
𝑟2 𝑙 2 2𝑙1 2
∴ 1 = ( 2) = ( ) = 4
𝑅 𝑙1 𝑙1

∴ R2 = 4R1
Hence, the resistance will become 4 times of its original value.

Ans 14. (c) The magnetic field lines due to a bar magnet is from North to South outside the
magnet and from South to North inside the magnet.
When two bar magnets are placed close to each other by facing their same poles, then
magnetic field lines will be of repulsive nature.

Ans 15. (c) The resistance of a wire is given by

𝑙
R=
𝐴

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 𝑙1
𝑅1 𝐴1 𝑙1 𝐴2 𝑙1 𝑑 2 𝑙 2𝑑 2
∴ = 𝑙2 = × = × ( 2) = ( )×( ) = 2 × 4 = 8, R1 = 8R2
𝑅2 𝐴1 𝑙2 𝑙2 𝑑1 𝑙/2 𝑑
𝐴2

Ans 16. (d) The direction of induced electric current in a conductor, when it is placed in a
varying magnetic field be assessed by "Fleming’s right hand rule".

Ans 17. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
A graphite crystal consists of various layers of carbon atoms in which each carbon atom is
joined to three other atoms by strong covalent bonds. The various layers of carbon atoms in
graphite are held together by weak van der Waals’ forces making, it slippery to touch.

Ans 18. (c) A is true, but R is false

Forelimbs of vertebrates are homologous organs. Analogous organs have different origin but
show similar appearance and perform similar functions.

Ans 19. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Blood pressure is much greater in arteries because of the faster pumping action of the heart
which sends blood rapidly in arteries.

Ans 20. (c) The magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is independent of its
length and area of cross-section. It only depends on the number of turns and current flowing
through the solenoid.
So, Assertion is true.
The magnetic field produced inside a current carrying solenoid is uniform. So, Reason is false.

Ans 21. A reaction in which a single reactant breaks down to form two or more products, is
known as decomposition reaction.

e.g., CaCO3(s) ∆ CaO(s) + CO2 (g)

Calcium carbonate Calcium Carbon dioxide
oxide

(i) Mg(s) + Mg(NO3)2(aq) + H2(g)

2HNO3(aq) Magnesium nitrate Hydrogen gas
Magnesium Nitric acid

(ii) 2Na(s)+2H20(/) H2(g) + 2NaOH(aq)

Sodium Hydrogen gas Sodium hydroxide

Ans 22. Insulin and glucagon are the two hormones secreted by β-celis and α-cells of islet of
Langerhans.

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The function of insulin hormone Is to lower the blood sugar, level or recognition of glucose by
cells for absorption and conversion of glucose into glycogen in liver and muscles.
Glucagon's role in the body is to prevent blood glucose levels dropping too low. It acts on the
liver and stimulates the conversion of stored glycogen, which can be released into
bloodstream.

Ans 23. HCI (Hydrochloric acid) is the acid secreted inside the stomach. It is important for the
body because
(i) It makes medium inside the stomach acidic, which is necessary for the activation of an
enzyme called pepsin.
(ii) It also kill any bacteria, entering the stomach along with food.

Ans 24.

Respiration in Plants Respiration in Animals

(i) Plants do not possess respiratory system Animals have respiratory system

(ii) Diffusion of respiratory gases directly takes The respiratory gas are transported upto the
place into the cells tissue cells

Ans 25. The given diagram shows a defective eye which is unable to see distant object at its
far point. So, this defect is known as myopia or near/short sightedness. This defect can be
removed by using a spectacle fitted with concave lens.
There are following two main reasons for this defect ot vision.
(i) Elongation of eyeball.
(ii) Excessive curvature of eye lens.
Or
It is a defect of vision in which a person can see distant objects clearly, but cannot see nearby
objects clearly. This type of defect can be removed by using a spectacle fitted with concave
lens.
When the hypermetropic eye see nearby objects at its near point, then the ray diagram will be
as follow

Ans 26. In a food chain, about 90% of the energy gets lost at each trophic level. This mean
that in long food chains, very little energy from the producer is available to the top carnivore.
For example,

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 Maize Goat Man
(100 units) (10 units) (1 unit)

But in shorter food chains, less energy is lost.

Maize Man
(100 units) (100 units)

Hence, vegetarian food habits where nutrition is derived directly from producers, can sustain
a large number of people.

Ans 27. (a) Zinc displaces copper from copper sulphate because zinc is more reactive than
copper as it is placed above copper in the reactivity series of metals.
(b) This reaction will not occur as iron is less reactive than zinc as it is placed below zinc in
the reactivity series of metals.
(c) Zinc displaces iron because zinc is more reactive than iron as it is placed above iron in the
reactivity series of metals.

Ans2 CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa H2 O

8. (a) Acetic acid Sodium hydroxide + Water
Sodium ethanoate

(b) 2C2H5OH + → 4CO2 + 6H2O + Heat + Light

6O2 Carbon dioxide Water
ethanol Oxygen

(c)

Ans 29. Arteries are thick-wailed blood vessels, which carry oxygenated blood from heart to
all parts of the body. They have thick walls because blood emerges from the heart under high
pressure. In comparison, veins are thin-walled blood vessels, which carry deoxygenated blood
from all parts of the body back to the heart. They do not need thick walls because blood flowing
through them is no longer under high pressure. Instead, they have valves, which prevent the
backflow of blood.
Or
Osmosis is the process by which water enter into root hair cells.
It is defined as the movement of water molecules from its region of higher concentration to the
region of its lower concentration through a semipermeabfe membrane.
Plasmolysis The phenomenon of shrinkage of protoplasm from the cell when the cell is kept
in hypertonic solution. As a result of this process, the cells lose water.
An application of plasmolysis is addition of salt to pickles to prevent fungal/bacterial growth
in them.

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Ans 30. (a) Given, object distance, u = - 50 cm, image distance, v = - 30 cm
1 1 1 1 1
From mirror formula, = + = +
𝑓 𝑉 𝑢 −30 (−50)
5+3 −8
=-[ ] = 150
150

f = -18.75 cm
(b) The ray diagram for image formation by concave mirror is shown below

(c) ∴ Magnification of the mirror,

𝑓−𝑣 −18.75 − (−30) −11.25
m= = = = – 0.6
𝑓 −1875 18.75

𝑉 −(30)
or m= = = – 0.6
𝑢 (−50)

100 100
Ans 31. Given, P1 = 5D  f1 = cm = cm = 20 cm
𝑃1 5
100 100
P2 = –4 D  f2 = cm = cm = -25 cm
𝑃2 −4

Let F be the focal length of combination of both lenses, then

1 1 1 1 1 5−4
= + = – =
𝐹 𝑓1 𝑓2 20 25 100
1 1
 =
𝐹 100

F = 100 cm
Power of combination of both lenses,
1 100
P= =
𝐹(𝑖𝑛 𝑚) 𝐹(𝑐𝑚)
100
P=
100

∴ P = 1D

Alternate solution

Given, power of convergent lens, P1 = 5D

Power of divergent lens, P2 = -4 D
∴ Power of combination of both lenses, P = P1 + P2 = 5D – 4D = 1D
1 1
∴ Focal length of combination of both lenses, F = = m = 1m = 100 cm
𝑃 1

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Ans 32. (a) The drifting of free electrons of a conductor in a definite direction causes'the
current to flow through it.
When such a conductor is placed in a uniform magnetic field, each drifted electron of a
conductor experiences a magnetic force. This force is collectively experienced by the
conductor as a whole. Hence, a current carrying conductor kept in a magnetic field
experiences a force.
(b) The direction of force exerted on a current carrying conductor placed in uniform magnetic
field is determined by “Fleming's left hand rule".
(c) The direction of magnetic force depends on
(i) the direction of current flowing through the conductor and
(ii) the direction of magnetic field.
Or
(a) A solenoid is a long coil of circular loops of insulated copper wire. Magnetic field lines
are produced around the solenoid when a current is allowed to flow through it. The
field lines produced by it are similar to the field lines produced by a bar magnet, which
can be seen in the figure given below

(b) The solenoid behaves like a temporary magnet, which is formed by placing a soft iron core
inside it. The magnetism of this magnet lasts so long as there is current flowing through it and
loses its magnetic property when the current in the solenoid is stopped. It is also known as
electromagnet.

Ans 33. Pesticides are poisonous chemical substances, which are sprayed over crop plants
to protect them from pests and diseases.
These chemical pesticides mix up with soil and water from where they are absorbed by the
growing plants along with water and other minerals. These chemicals enter the environment
through the food chains, in following manner.
When herbivorous animals eat plants, then these poisonous chemical pesticides enter into
their bodies through the food chain. When the carnivorous animals eat herbivorous, then the
pesticides get transferred to their bodies. In this process of transfer of food through food
chains, these harmful chemicals get concentrated at each subsequent trophic level.

Ans Hea 2CuO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)

34. 2Cu(NO3)2(s) t

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 (a) Copper (lI) nitrate (Black) (Brown) Oxygen
Copper Nitrogen dioxide
oxide (X)

(b) The brown gas X evolved is nitrogen dioxide, NO 2. The pH of its aqueous solution is less
than 7. pH <7

(c) Thermal decomposition These reactions use the energy in the form of heat for
decomposition of the reactant.
Or

(a) Metal X is lead (Pb), The name of metal carbonate is lead carbonate (PbCO 3).

PbCO3(s) Δ PbO(s) + CO2(g)

Lead Lead oxide Carbon dioxide
carbonate
(Yellow)

(b) If hydrogen gas is passed over heated material (CuO) the black coating on the surface
turns brown and copper is obtained.

CuO(s) H2(g Heat Cu(s + H2O(l)

+ ) ) Water
Copper Hydro Coppe
oxide gen r
(Black) (Brow
n)

Ans 35. (a)

Parts of female Functions

reproductive system

(i) Ovaries Produce an ova or egg cell every month. Secrete female sex
hormones like oestrogen and progesterone

(ii) Oviduct (Fallopian Carries ova or egg from ovary to the uterus. It is the site of
tube) fertilisation

(iii) Uterus (Womb) Here, the growth and development of foetus take place. Rhythmic
contractions of the muscles in the uterus helps in ejection of fully
developed foetus.

(b) Structure of Placenta Placenta is a disc between uterine wall and embryo which is
embedded in the uterine wall. It contains villi on the embryo's side of the tissue. On the
mother's side, blood spaces are present, which surround the villi.

Functions of Placenta It provides a large surface area for glucose and oxygen to pass from

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the mother to the embryo. It also removes the waste generated by embryo, transferring it to
mother's blood.
Or

(a) Mendel choose garden pea plant for his experiment because
(i) The life cycle of pea plant is short and is easy to grow
(ii) Pea plant produces large number of seeds
(iii) The flower structure of pea is such that it to allows controlled breeding. Although, plant is
self-pollinated, but can be crossed manually.

Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction

(i) It involves two parents Usually it involves only one parent

(ii) Fusion of gametes takes place Fusion of gametes does not take place

(ii) Genetic variations occurs in the off Off springs are identical to one another
springs

Ans 36. The given circuit is shown below

(a) In the circuit, all the lamps have same voltage, i.e. 60 V but each lamp is having different
current. So, the lamps are arranged in parallel combination.
(b) The two advantages of lamps in parallel combination are
(a) if one lamp is fused, it will not affect the working of other lamps.
(b) in parallel combination of lamps, each lamp will use the full potential of the battery.
(c) The lamp with the highest power will glow the brightest.
As, power = voltage × current
In this case, all the lamps have same voltage i.e., 60 V.
For lamp A, current = 3 A
∴ Power = 60 × 3 = 180 W
For lamp B, current = 4 A

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∴ Power = 60 × 4 = 240 W
For lamp C, current = 5 A
∴ Power = 60 × 5 = 300 W
For lamp D, current = 3 A
∴ Power = 60 × 3 = 180 W
As, the lamp C is having the maximum power, so it will glow the brightest.
(d) Let R be the total resistance of the circuit.
Total current in the circuit, l = 3 + 4 + 5 + 3 = 15A
Voltage, V = 60 V
Using Ohm's law, V = IR
𝑉 60
 R= = =4Ω
𝑙 15

Ans 37. (a) The conclusion drawn from this activity is that acid nullified the effect of a base
and base nullified the effect of an acid.
(b) The reaction performed is known as neutralisation reaction. The equation involved is as
follow:

HCI + NaOH NaCI H2 O

Hydrochlor Sodium + Water
ic Sodiu
hydroxid
acid e m
chlorid
e

Or
(b) Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator in this experiment. Salt and water are formed when
acid reacts with base.
Acid + Base  Salt + Water

Ans 38 . (a) Round-green (A-D).

(b) A(round) and B(yeliow) are dominant traits.
(c) A-B type of seeds are round in shape and yellow in colour as round and yellow both
constitute the dominant character, hence expressed in F1-generation.

Or
(a) A-D in minimum number

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(b) A-B in maximum number

Ans 39. (a) Convex mirrors are used as rear view mirrors in vehicles as they give an erect
image and have a wider field of view.
(b) The images formed by a plane mirror and also for convex mirror are always erect, for all
positions of object.
(c) Given, object distance, u = -10 cm
Radius of curvature, R = 60 cm
60
∴ Focal length, f = R/2 = = 30 cm
2
1 1 1
∵ By mirror formula, + =
𝑣 𝑢 𝑓
1 1 1 1 1 4
 = - = – (− )=  v = 7.5cm
𝑣 𝑓 𝑢 30 10 30

Or
Given, f =12 cm
As, radius of curvature, R = 2f  R = 2 × 12 = 24cm

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