Navy Grounding

I
,/
MI L- ST D-131 OD(NAVY)
8 February 1979
I SUPERSEDING
1
MIL-STD-1310C(NAVY)
30 November 1973
MILITARY STANDARD
SHIPBOARD BONDING,
GROUNDING, AND OTHER TECHNIQUES
FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY

AND SAFETY
FSC EMCS
Source: http://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2023-08-30T15:43Z

.,,--.- .. “__-A. Check the source to verify that this is the current version before use.
MIL-STO-131OD (NAVY)
8 February 1979
DEPARTNSNT OF TNE NAVY
NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMNAND
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20360
Shipboard Bonding, Grounding, and Other

Techniques for Electromagnetic Compati-
bility and Safety
MIL-sTo-1310D (NAW)
1. This Military Standard is approved 8 February 1979 for

use by all interested commands of the Department of the Navy, and
is available for use by all De’part=nts and Agencies of the Depart-
ment of Defense.
2. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions)

and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this
document should be addressed to Commander, Naval Ship Engineering
Center, SEC 6124, Departmnt of the Navy, Washington, D.C. 20362
by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvement
Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or
by letter.

Check the source to verify that this is the current version before use.
MIL-STD-1310D [NAVY)
8 February 1979
FOREWORD
1, (
1. This revision of MIL-STD-131O is the result of several
years of shipboard testing and investigations directed towards
updating the methods and materials used in reducing eleCtrOmSqnetlC
interference (EMI) aboard Naval ships. High-order intermndulation -
testing performed under the auspices of the Shipboard Electro-
ma~etic Compatibility Improvement Program (SEMCIP) has identified
topside items that contribute to intermodulation EMI and as a
result these items have been rank ordered based on interference
severity. In addition, several requirements .have been deleted and
bonding of other items has been materially improved. Improvements
have also been made in safety grounding and SMI qrounding in ship
non-topside areas.
2. New in this revision is the addition of shieldinq and

grounding for~the protection of electronic functions in the
presence of an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) or a self-generated
severe electromagnetic (EM) environment. Improved methods are
included to provide peripheral grounding of cables, pipinq, tubinq,
and waveguide to “ground out” EMP energy prior to this energy
entering the ship.
3. This revision of MIL-STD-131O should provide the ship-

builder, shipyard, and ship’s force with simplified techniques for
. reducinq EMI, provide guidance for personnel safetY qroundinq, and
.,,
provide protective measures against the threat of an electro-
magnetic pulse.
iii

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HIL-STD-131OD (NAVY)
8 February 1979
CQNTENTS
J
Paragraph 1. SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1.1 Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
“1.1.2 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2.1 Classes . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2.2 Types.:::::::::::: :: . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. R3=EP.ENCED K4XJMEN’2S..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1 Issues of docu!rents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3. DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1 Eond (electrical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 Conduit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :.
3.3 Electrouaqnetic ca~atibility (SK) . . . . . . . . . 3.
3.4 Electron! aqnetic interference (3261) . . . . . . . . . . 3.
3.4.1 Narrowtimdzm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.
3.4.2 Broadband EMI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.
3.4.3 EN1 tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.
3.5 Electron.aqnetic pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.6 Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.7 Eq=ip~nt, ●lectrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.8 Equim.=nt. electronics ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.9 Ground (qroundpote”tial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.10 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
3.11 Ground system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.12 lntemd”lation .i~t&&e~c~ ;1?41) . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.12.1 1)41tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..4
3.13 Nonlinear junction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4
3.14 No”topside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4
3.15 Resilient rmunt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..4
3.16 Shield (shielding) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
3.17 Space, secure processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4
3.18 Tack weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4
3.19 Topside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..4
4. GFTi2RAL~QUIIUtM3WTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4
4.1 Ground potential desiq”atio” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.2 Perso””el safety... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4
4.2.1 RP radiation/burn hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.3 Secure processing spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.4 Weldimgeq”ipntmt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...5
4.5 Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..5
5. D.i!TAILEDREQUIREMENTS.. . . . . . . .’....... . ...5

5.1 All Ships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..5
5.1.1 !fc.rkbench es....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..5
5.1.2 Portable eq”ip~nt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...5
5.1.3 Shorti”gprobe.s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...5
5.2 Nmunetallich”l
lships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...5
5.2.1 Ground system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...5
5.2.1.1 Ground plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..6
5.2.1.2 Ground plate cahle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....6
5.2.1.3 Transmitter ~ro”nd cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2.1.4 Antenna tuners/couplers ground cable . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2.1.5 Nai”equipuent grovnd cable . . . . . . . . . . . ...6
5.2.1.6 Bra”ch ground wires... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..6
5.2.1.7 Ground cable and wire installation . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2.2 Equipment qroundimg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
5.2.2.1 Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . ..6
5.2.3 Equipment and cable c.xmectic.ns . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.3 Bietallic hull ships, nontopside spaces . . . . . . . . . 1
5.3.1 Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..7
5.3.2 Nomnetallic
bulkheads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...7
5.3.3 Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..7
iv

. .
M1L-STO-1310D (NAVYI
S February 1979
CONTESTS (COntinueUl
Paragraph 5. 3.4 Digital computer grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5.3.4.1 Coumvn digital computer ground systems . . . . . . . . . 7
5.3.5 Submarine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...7
5.3.5.1 Conduit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...7
5.4 61etallic hull surface ships, mpside specea . . . . . . 7
5.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S
5.4.2 Imreduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
5.4.2.1 Yardarm foot walking and hand safety ropes . . . . . . . 8
5.4.2.2 Rigging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..S
5.4.2.3 Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
5.4.2.4 Lifelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S
5.4.2.5 Life andaafety nets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...8
5.4.2.6 Portable flagstaffs/jacksta ffs and stanchions . . . . . S
5.4.2.7 Portable items.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...8.
5.4.2.0 Portable life rails. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...9
5.4.2.9 udders.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..9
5.4.2.10 Tilting zmtennarmmts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .
5.4.2.11 Masts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.4.2.12 Expansion joints... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...9
5:4.3 lM1 testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..9
5.4.4 Broadband EM1 reduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..9
5.4.5 Antenna tuners and couplers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.4.6 Portable spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -.9
5.4.7 EnP protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...-9
5.4.7. L Surge arrestors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..;
5.4.7.2 Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.4.7.3 Waveguide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..10
5.4.7.4 14stalpipe andtuhing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
5.5 Smds traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..1°
5.5.1 Installation hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.5.1.1 Studs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..10
... 5.5.2 Contact surface preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
..
5.5.3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -....10
5.5.3.1 VP 1 . . ----------- -......-.-..::
5.5.3.2 Type II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.5. 3.3 ~:J3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
5.5.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.5.4 sealing . . . ...’... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..ll
5.5.4.1 Topside areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-ll
5.5.4.2 Sontopside areas... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...11
6. OUALITY ASSURANCE PROVIS1ONS . . . . . . . . . . - , . . . - . 11

6.1 In-progress inspection . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 11
6.2 Final in.9pe.ct10n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..ll
6.3 Inspection res~nsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
6.4 Inspector certlficatkon . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . 11
6.5 Government verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
FIGUSIS
riwre :. VP I ..d w!= xx ~nd strap f~ric~tiondwails - . - . . . 12

2. lWe 111 and IV bond strap fabric.ticm deta~ls . . . . . . . :;
3. Shieldzng mast cables fm+m radar . . . . . . . . . - . . . .
4. Mast cables located within conduit . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;:
s. nast cables located within mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Cable shields grounding method. . . . . . . . . . . - . - . - 17
:. Workbenches grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...18 anti 19
8. Grou”a system, nonmetallic hull ships . . . . . . . . . . . . $! and 21
9. Groundi”q of equipment and enClOSUIeS . . . . . . . . . . - .
10. Co”d”it grounding, submarines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~~
11. Staitding riqginqbondinq . . . . . . . . ..- . . . . . . .
i2. Metallic life and safety nets bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
13. Portable fIagstaffs/jackstc.ffs and .tanehions bonding . . . . 26
14. Sondi”q of inclined tread ladders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
15. Tilting antenna mounts bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28

UIL-STD-131OD (NAVY)
8 February 1979
CONTENTS (Continued]
1
Fiqure 16. Masts bondlnq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..2g
17. Expmsion joint sbonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...30
Antenna tuners and couplers qroundang . . . . . . . . . . . . >L
i:: Cable shield grounding for EMP protection . . . . . . . . . . 32
20. Waveguide grounding for EMP Protection . . . . . . . . . . . 3?
21. Methods of attachinq nonwelded bond mtraps . . . . . . . . . 34
..,.
.--t-- ..:-
. . ...
+.
.,. ..,,
vi

I .
. .
M12,-sTb131013(t4AvY)
8 February 1979
1. SCOPE
1.1 -. ‘rhis standard covers those elements of shfp design requirements essential
to the attalnn’ent of shipboard electromagnetic compatibility [I?MC)by effecting suppression
of potential sources of electromagnetic interference (EMX) and includinq intermodulation
interference (lHII and reduction of susceptibility to electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) . Require-
ments cover design of ground systems, use of nonmetallic topside items, and installation,
bonding, grounding, and shielding methods for equipnent, cables. and conduit with associated
5.3fety features.
1.1.1 Limitations. This standard does not cover other methods of EMI reduction such
as filters, multicouplers, bla. kers, equipment location, equipment power levels, or operatiny
frequencies. These methods are usually covered by applicable equipnent or system specifica -
t ions or by designated operational procedures.
1.1.2 *licatiOn. NL?q.ireRWItS specified herein are normally applied during ship
construction, overhaul, ship alteration (ShipAltl , or ship repair. Acquirements which are
within the ship, s capability nay be applied by ship’ a force as nesded.
1.2 Classification. Classification is applicable to class of bondi”a method and to

types of straps used for bonding.
1.2.1 Classes.
—. .Mnding methods are classified as follows:
class A. A bond achieved thro.qh the process of weldinq or braz inq.

~. A bond achieved by mounting hardware and other areas of metal-to-metal
contact inherent in normal installation of an item or equipment.
c_. A bond achieved by bridging tkm metallic SUrf aCes with a ~tall ic bO.d
strap.
1.2.2 ‘rJpeJ. Types of straps used for class C bondinq are classified as follows:
ZYxLQ. h strap, constructed of weldinq cable with terminal Iuqs of steel or

aluminum, used for topside applications where one end is welded to bul 1
. ground and the other end to the item to be bonded (see fi!wre 1).
.,.
ZYi?%Q. Similar to typs 1, except that only o“e luq is welded and the other is
bolted down for installation (see fiqure 1).
TyPe 111. A flat copper strap used for topside and nontopsid. bolted appl ica-
tions (see figure 2).
ZYI?SJY. A flat copper braid strap used for nontopside bolted applications (see
figure 2) .
2. NEFESENC3X 12SCUNENTS
2.1 Issues of documents. The following documents, of the issue 1“ effect on date of
inviation ~ds or request for proposal, form a part of this stamiarrl to the extent
specified herein.
SPECIFICA?lCJNS
FEDERAL
,1-C-175 .- Cable Assembly, Power, Electrical [3-Wire, 3-Pro”q, Crounflln?
Connector, for 125-VO1t Eq”ipnent) .
h-C-.340 .- Clips, Electrical, rineral Specification for.
w-B-575 - Braid, Wire, (Copper, Tin-Coated, Tubular) .
o’J-C-576 - Copper Flat Products with Slit, Slit and Sdge - Rol led, Shea>
Sawed or Machined Edqes, (Plate, B6r, Sheet, and Strip).
U2-S-763 - Steel Bar., wire, Shapss, and fyxni”qs, Corrosion-Resisting.
TT-\,-l19 - Varnish, Spar, Phenol ic-sesin.
W4-C-440 - Clamps, Hose (LOw-Presst,re).
MILITARy
MIiPt-631 - Insulation, Electrical, Synthetic Resin Composition. No. rirIid.
M1i,-R-9011- R“bb, r Gasket &terial, 45 D“romete, HaIY3neS.3.
MIL-c-91 5 - cable and cord. Electrical, For Shipboard Use, General s~cif i-
Catio” For.
MIL-C-91 5/21 - Cable, Electrical, 125 volts, Type TRSI’.
MI L-$-1222 - St”d., Dolts, Hex cap screws, and Nuts.
MI L-C-375? - Connectors, Pl”q a“d Receptacle, [Power DlaIke? ‘lype!, r.?neral
Speci fication For.

M1L-STD-131 OD(NAVY)
8 February 1979
MILITARY (Continued)
UIL-W-16878/3 - Wire, Electrical, Type D, 105-C., 3000 volts, (Insulated,
High Temperature) .
FIIL-T-22361 - Thread Compound, Antisei ze, Zinc Dust-Petrol atum.
MIL-S-22698 - Steel Plate, Carbon, Structural, for ships.
HIL-S-24149 - Studs, Arc Welding, and Arc Shields (Ferrules) s General
Specifications.
MI L-C-28777 - Cable Assembly, Electronic Test S4pJipment, (3 wires, 125 a“d
250 Volts K and 28 Volts K Nnlded) Grounding Plug Connector,
General Specification for.
STANDARDS
MILITARY
MI L-STD-462 - Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics, Neasureme”t of.
MIL-STD-1 399 - Interface Standard for Shipboard Systems.
Section 406, Digital Computer Grounding.
!41L-sTD-1605 - Procedures for Conducti”q a Shipboard Electromagnetic lriter-
ference (EM1) survey (Surface ships] .
MIL-STC-1680 - Installation Criteria for Shipboard secure Electrical Informa-
tion Processing Systems.
MS3188 - Sackshell, 90-, Cable Seali”.g and Shield Termimti.m, Connector,
Electric.
!4s3189 - Backshell, 45”, Cable Sealing and Shield Termination, Connector,
Electric.
f4s3437 - Backshell, Straight. Cable Sealing, and Shield Termination, Connector,
Electric.
!4s20659 - Terminal, Lug, Crimp Style, Copper, Uninsulated, Ring Tongue,
Type I, Class 1.
MS21104 - Clamp, loop, Cushioned, Wedge, Fuel, Weather Resistant, 212-F. ,
Type 11, Class A a“d B.
s!s35207 - Screw, Nachine-Pan Head, Cross-Aeces.ed, Carbon Steel, Cadmium
Plated, UUF-2A (lN/604).
M635333 - Washer, tick, Flat-Internal Tooth.
S4S35335 - Washer, Lock, Flat-External Tooth (lN/s4U).
MS35338 - Washer, Lock-Spring, Selical, Segular INedium) saries (lN/SR4).
!4s35425 - Nut, Plain, Wing, UNC-2B.
MS35436 - Terminal, Lug, Solder Type, Copper StaWing, Insulation Grip, One
Nole.
N.9356S0 - Nut, Plain-Hexagon, Nachine SCrRW. WWF-2B.
NS35691 - Nut, Plain, Sexagon (Jam) UNC-2B a“d UNF-2S.
!4.551967- Nut, Plain, Hexagon-Carbon Steel, Cadmium Plated, UNC-2S.
!4s90725 - Screw, Cap, Hexaqon Head (Finished Hexagon Bolt) , Steel, Grade 5,
Cadmium Plated, w-2A.
DSAWXNGS
NAVAL s= SySTEMS COWND

fssvsHIPs
9000 -S6202-73980 - Electric Plant Installation, Standard Netb0d8.
804-4563125 - climber safety Sail Notched Tu& + Arrangement and
*tails.
NSVSEA
SO 3-5003000 - Safety shorting Probe Sst and Stowage Aseembly.
803-51 S4099 - Inclined Ladder for Exterior 2acationa, Glass seinforced
Plastic (CRP) .
fisvsr. P.rR ENGINEERING CEfPTER

6SEOO063 - Avionic Workbench, Deck Supprt and Ground Installation Drawin9.
NAVAL AIR SYSTENS comwim

63A114D4 - Back Panel and Top Shelf Assembly.
63A114D5 - Auxiliary Table Assembly and Mtails.
63A114F12 - Electrical Distrib”tlc.n Box and Terminal Board AsSeMblY.
63A114J2 - Cabinet Assembly.
63A114J7 - cabinet Str”ct”re Assembly and Details.
63A114J13 - Back Panel Assembly and Details.

.
!41L-STD-I31OD (NAVY)
“’ ( PUSLICATIONS
8 February 1979
NAVAL SEA SYSTEM COKMAND

0900 -LP-005-8000 - Technical Nanual for Sadio-Frequertcy Rddia.tion Hazards.
0901 -LP-920-0003 - Technical Nanual for welding and Allied Process, chapter
074, section 1.
O9OO-LP-O61-4O1O - Handbook of SUbnurine ELP lflect.romsgnetic Ouieting
Practices.
O967-LP-317-7O1O - Technical nanual for Sadio Frequency Burn Bazarda
seduction.
(Copies of speci fic.tions, standards, drawings, and pulbications required by contractors

in connection with specific acquisition functions should be obtained from tbe contracting
activity or as directed by the contracting Officer. )
3. DEF1N1TIONS. ‘me following definitions apply! .- .,.

.
3.1 Send (electrical) . A current path between two m?tallic surfaces which is
establishe~ a class A, S, 0, C bund. The term ‘bonded” is thereby appl i.d to such
surfaces.
3.2 Conduit. A sheet metal e“.lcra”re normally of rectangular ox circular construction

used to pm~lectromaqnetic shieldi”q protection to cables. Conduit may vary in eize
from a single circular tube or pipe to a 1ar9e square or rectangular trunk with cable hanqer
access panels provided.
3.3 Electrmraqnetic compatibility (EMC) . That eo”dition which exists when electronic
equipmnt will operate in a desired location or environwnt in proximity one to another
without ca”sinq or receiving elect romzqnetic .im=f-em= (-= 3.41.
3.4 Electromagnetic interference ~. Electromagnetic energy which causes a mal func-

‘.tion or interferes with the reception or processing of a desired signal. EM1 may be inten-
. tional 1Y clenerated energy. For shipboard application, EU1 is identified in severity as
+ Ini1d, medium, or severe depending up3n the response of individual equipment to give” EM1
levels (see MI L-ST12-160S).
(
3.4.1 Narrowband ~. An sN1 that has its principal spectral energy lying within the
ba”dpa8s of the equipment receiving the Interference, is normally discrete in spectral
e“erqy, and is characterized by capability of affected equipment to tune out or minimize
the EU1 source s iqnal. Examples of sources of narrowband interference are radio station
transmissions, hull-generated internvd”lation signals, and oscillator tm.s siqnala.
3.4.2 Broadband EM1. An S141 that has its spectral energy distributed over a broad
frequency ra-l=on to the frequency bandvidth of the equipuat receiving the
interference, broadly tunable, and can be present over all or a significant portion of the
tuninq range of an affected receiver. Examples of sources of brMdhe.d interference are
atnvspheric disturbances, arcin9, electrostatic discharges. and short duration PuIses.
3.4.3 ~ tests. Tests that wi 11 determine whether an EN1 condition exists. ~sts
are normal 1y co”=d in accordance with the requirersmts of u12.-STD-462 for eq.ipnent
and MIL-sTc-1605 for total ship.
3.5 Electrovaqnet ic ~. m electrical siqnal of larqe amplitude and broad freq.ency
ranqe that is generated by a Ii”clear weapon at the time of detonation. flip may be present
when all other weapm effects are .bse”t and WY upeet or damage electronic equi~nt over
a wide geographic area.
3.6 Enclosure. h metallic housing such an a cabinet or a’case which provides physical
protection ano .upport to equipment, parts, or subassemblies. Am e.clos.re -Y also
provide shieldi.q for equipment installed therein.
3.7 ~“ipme”t, electrical. Squipment designed to generate, convert, distribute,

control, or utilize power frequency energy. ExamPlea are 9ener*tors. motors, power nwitch-
bciards, power teols, lighting fixturem, and electrical ●ppliances.
(’

MIL-STD-131OD (mm)
8 February 1979
3.8 Sq”i mncnt, electronics. Equiprent desiqned to generate, transmit, convey, receive,
store, process, or otherwise use electronics signals. Exrurples are tranmnutters, receivers,
amplifiers, computers, underwater detection equipment, a“d fire control equipment, and
associated test equiprent.
3.9 Gro’imd (qround wtential] . A W.int, line Or surface utilized by electrical or

ele. tronic-ment or systems as a CO-. reference for establisfure”t of zero pxe”tial
(see 4.11.
llie process of ●stablishi”ff a low impedance or low resistance path

b-e&e~;l~” %%%#&ipment rmd ground potential by the methods specified herein. The term
“grounded- is theraby applied to such items or eq.ip!nmt.
3.11 Ground =. ‘T& sum total of all conductors utilized between items or equipment
and common W potential.
3.12 I“termodulati.an interference (IU1). Interference caused by qeneratio”, in a

nonlinear juncticm, of frequencies equal-e sums or differences of intsgral multiples of
two or nom? radio frequency Currents flowinq in sti a junction.
3.12.1 1!41 tests. Tests which are conducted i“ accordance with MIL-STD- 1605 to deter-
mine the level’% f~qenerated in a ship topside area.
3.13 No”linear junction. 8 contact area between two nmtallic surfaces which exhibits
nonlinear voltage-current transfer characteristics when subjected to a“ RF volta~e. This
“C.”li”earity is “s”ally caused by the presence of corrosion or other semi-conducting material.
in the contact area which will inhibit a bond between the surfac=s and is referred to as the
“rusty bolt” effect. It is “smlly present where items are bolted, pin”.d, or riveted.
Inner or inside areas of a ship not e~sed to weather, incl.dinq

the i;;~~iom
3.15 Sesilient Imunt. A rubberized or otherwise flexible nuuntinq support installed

between an equipment ~he s“pprtimq or foundation structure to provide shock or vibra-
.+ - tim ifmlatio” or a.xmstic dampi”q. Four resilient m.nts are normally wed per equipment.
3.16 - (shieldinq) . A metal barrier of solid, screen, 0. braid construction used

to provide Ek41 protec?tic.”to tbe enclosed [email protected], wires, or cabling or to reduce the
emission of EM1 f r.mn such components, wires, or cabling.
3.17 w, secure processi”y. An area within clearly defined perimeter barriers as

defined by MI L-ST&~
3.18 Tack weld. 0.. or more small welds which provides a e“rre”t path between two
metallic items for purpose of EM1 reduction.
3.19 lb side. Shipboard areas O. weather decke,. such as the cai” deck a“d abowe, which
are expc.sed~=ct radio frequency (rf) =adiation fields from ship,. mm .“..”... TOPSI,.
i.cl”des fliqht decks, elevator wells, antenna decks, and those portions of the gallery
deck and at.x.e that are exposed. Ifanqar decks and interior spsnso” deck areas are not
considered to be topside.
4. GENESAL mQUISEKE~S
On metallic hull ships. the hull shall be clesiqnated

qrom~.L=.W;-~”dations,strmt-s, and other 1.... metal items or
auxiliary qround systems which are welded, brazed, cm class ‘C- bond.d to the ship hull sha:l
also be .c.”sidered extensions of the ship hull at qro”.d potential. on “Nonmetallic hull
ships, the ground plates .qball be designated qromd potential. Gro””d bus cables attached
to these qround plates (see 5.2.1) shall also be considered ●xtensions of the ground plates
at .gro”.d potential.
4.2 Personnel safety. The outernmst m.stal1i. surface of equipment connected to

electrical power and exposed to ccmtact by personnel shall be qrounded (see 5.1) . Unless
otherwise specified for n.nmtallic hulls, res&lie”t mmnted equipment shall be q.ounded as
specified in 5.3.1. Equipment not installed with resilient mounts shall be class n qmmded
(see 5.3.1). Installed equipment supplied with 115-mlt sinvle phase power shal ! be
qroundcd by a 9rou.d conductor in the power SUPPIY cable. The qro”nd conductor shal! be +h,:
same si Z. as the power feed co”d”. to.s a“d shal 1 be connected between the eq. imnent qro..c.

MIL-STC-1310D (5IAVY)
E February 1979
terminal snd a ground stud or wound bus in the power panel. sack-mounted equipment and
equipment Installed in environmental cabinets shal I be grounded by m ground conductor
connected to a ground bus bar in the rack or cabinet.
4.2.1 F@ radiation burn hazards. Posting of W radiation hazard warning sigms, SF

–T--r-%
burn hazard warn rig m qns, t e~g of safe distance limits, and other guidance for
personnel safety shall be in accordance with Publication 0900 -LP-005-8000 and
0967-2,%317-7010.
In addition to the requirements specified herein,

cect&”&o%%%g-%%& with the rewiremmnts of )sIL-sm-lf..Yo.
welding equipment shall be grounded i“ accordance with

P*li&~&%’%%.$%%%%3, chapter 074, section X.
4.5 Cables. Cablem are a eource of E!41 flue to electronugnetic eoupl ings between
cables or ~ cable exposure to rf radiation fields. Reduction of susceptibility of
such tnX shall bs achiemd by the following req”irem?ntss ...
.-.... ...
(a) Cables exposed to radiation from SP communication antennas shall be shielded.
(b) Sadar modulator pulse cables and sonar transducer cables shall be shielded
or route-d to provide maximum practicable cable separation between such cables
and frotiall other cables.
(cl Cables no: terminating in ~ transmitter or mdulator spaces shall Mt be
routed through such spaces unless the cablea are shielded and these shields
are fully grounded at the points of entry and exit by 360-deqree bonds.
(d) Cable shielding may be provided by use of shielded cable. by encasing cables
in conduit, or by use of both methods when required. Where mast cables
require shielding in accordance with the criteria specified in figure 3, such
cables, both shielded and urmhielded, shall be encased within the conduit
in general accordance with figure 3 and with figure 4 where applicable.
where Em protection is required, cables shall meet the additional require-
mmts of 5.4.7. Cables routed within rusts shall be installed in general
accordance with f iqure 5.
~. (e) Outer bra id of shielded cables shal 1 be grounded in accordance with the
.
applicable method shown on figure 6.
5. DETA1 LSD ASQU1 SSUSNTS
5.1 All ships.
5.1.1 Workbenches. Electrical and electronic workbemcbes shal 1 be grounded in

accordance wrth ig”re 7.
5.1.2 Portable equipent. Metal cased portable electrical equipment and electronic
test equipment ●quipped with tvo-wire, two-prong power cable assemblies shal 1 be wdi fied to
use three-wire, three-prong cable as.qeublies of J-C-175 (for electrical equipment) and
MIL-c-2L1777 (for electronic test equip=nt) . In addition, pover corde equipped with metal-
covered plug aasembli.s conforming to 141L-C.3767 shall be replaced with nmlded-plug power
cabl= assemblies conforming to HIL-C-28777. Portable electrical equipimmt ●ncased in
molded plastic housings will not require a third wire ~ro”nd.
Shorting probes (grc.wlding rods) Shall be provided arid

..”.:i:;:,;%& * n or near all potentially hazardous voltaqe mources ouch as trans -
mitt i“g equipment, equipment Containing cathode ray tubes, a“d a“y other electronic equi P-
mimts which include capacitor-type high voltage stmrr+ge or filt@r circuits that may present
a shock hazard to servicing peraon”el by retaining a voltage cbarqe after primary power has
been disconnected. Examples of such equipment are radio and radar transmitters, radar
repeaters, radar xnd”lators, a“d power supplies a“d converters. Where shortin~ probes are
not furnished with such eq.ip-nt, portable shorting probss conforming to Drawing S03-5003000
shall be provided. For existing ships, portable shorting probes may be obtained under
part mmk.e.r NSf4 1R5920-01-029-4176.
5.2 Nonmetallic hull *. Requirements of 5.2.1 through 5.2.3 are applicable to

nonmetallic hull Sbipm=y.
A 9r0und ~Y5tem shall be installed in accordance with 5.2.1.1

MIL-ST12-131OD(NAVY]
8 February 1979
5.2.1.1 Ground A ground plate shall be installed on the port and starboard )
hull sides jiiiT&. keel, to provide an %arth - ground connection via contact with
seawater.
5.2.1.2 Ground late cable. Cable shall be installed between tbe two ~round ~late.
A lU~ shall be~l ~ e“d of the cable for connection to each ground plate
through-bolt .
5.2.1.3 Transmitter round cable. k transmitter ground cable shal 1 be connected to the
ground plates and run di rect
+— Y as possible to the radio transmitter spaces. ‘fhis cable
shall be connected to the ground plates interconnecting cable or to either qr.mmd plate
through-bolt. Each radio transmitter cabinet or enclosure shal 1 be connected to the
transmitter ground cable.
5.2.1.4 Antenna tuners/couplers round cable. Antenna tuners a“d couplers qround
cableB shall r~irectly as FOSS hm~ tuner and coupler to the qr.nnd plates.
In lieu of separate cable rune to the qrc.wid plates, each tuner and coupler ground cable
may be connected to the main ground cable or to the electronic transmitter ground cable in
order to provide the mhortest direct path to the grow”d plates.
Nain equipment ground cable shall be provided

bin%-% -
5“2”1’5
for groundmng no er equ pment .I”~ms. cable”
‘rhis cable shall be connected to
transmitter qreund cable ar to either qround plate through-bolt and shall run
the electronic
throughout the
ship as required to connect to equipments and metal items. ~tallic decks or bulkheads may
be used as extension. of this ground cable.
5. 2.1.6 Branch ground wires. Branch ground wires shall be provided and sha 11 be used
to connect eq”lpme”t a“d rest= items (see 5.2.2) to the nmin qro.nfi cable.
5.2.1.7 Ground cable and wire installation. Ground cable and wire shall be installed
by using the m~ _=oZtent with meeting other requirements specified herein.
They shall be installed i“ locations that provide minimum exposure to possible physical
damage . Cables a“d wire installed cm no”mstallic structures shall be supported by staples
spaced approximately 18 inches apart. Nhere installation requires penetration of watertight
decks or bulkheads, cables shall terminate at through-bolts in conformance with fiq.re 8.
?’.
5 .2.2 E ui ment gro”ndin%. The following equipment and iterns shall he connected to
the ground c-em:
(a) Equipment utilizing a.c. F---

(b) Fuel tanks and pipes.
(cl metallic rigging.
(d) Netallic cranes, hoisting gear, a“d king posts.
(e) on minesweepers: deck chocks, deck wearing plates, deck padeyes, St.=.” roller
chocks, r.”d a“y other metallic structures used for towing of or in contact
with ma.qnetic minesweeping cables.
(f) Railings and ladder ways.
{9) Weter tanks.
5.2.2.1 Exceptions. The followin~ items are not required to be grounded:
(a) Berths.
(b] Bitts (if not used with minesweeping operation.) .
(c) Chocks, except aa required for mines~epers [see 5.2.2 (e)I.
(d) small metal objects, much as metal parts of aitlmrts, hand tools (if ..t
=lectriwilly operated) , a“d other objects of comparable size.
Ventilator*.
5.2.3 Equipment a“d cable connections. Ground terminals shall be installed on equip-
-tit and items as req”~d~eceive the gro”.d wires or cables. Pq”ipmcnt shal I be
i.dividuoll y connected to ground so that disconne.tin.g one equipment qrourtd wi 11 not result
in disconnect io” of another equiprmnt ground. Connections within the ground sY.tem. shal 1
provide the same 10U resi st.a”ce as the co””ected cables or wire. Where possible, connections
shall be soldered i“ addition to being attached by crin@”q or bolting, NIIere connectors are
used, they shall provide a psitive low-resistance Cmumction. Installation methods shall
not result in formation of any gro””d loops in the ground system.

MIL-STD-131OD (NAW)
S February 1979
5.3 Metallic hull #hi s, nonto aide 9 ces. Unless otherwise spscified, the nc.ntopside
space requirements -i e
?+in+oii$%.4.l shall he applicable to metallic hull
surface ships and submarines.
nt. Nhere electrical and electronic equipnsnt are installed on resilient

munt;&.f s-me”. shall be grounded by .s. of a .1.ss C bond (with type
bond straps ) in accordance with figure 9.
111 or IV
Send straps delivered with eq”ipuent for such
applications IIUY be used if equal to or similar to bond strapa specified in figure 9. Where
resilient mountin.+s are not need, such equipment, including ancillary equipment, connection
boxes and eq”ipme”t and .3EIserrbl
ies that are fix-nwunted by bolting on or within enclosures
or cabin.sts, will normally require a .1. ss B bcmd only$ however, where ltNI tests indicate
that a class B tm”d is i“adeq”ate, in such cases a class C bond shall be provided with
typf$ 111 Or tYPe lV bond straPs installed in general accordance with figure 9. Where drawer
mounted eq”ipme.nt, however, is not qro.nded by a ground wire or conductor with the applicable
cable bar”erm, a flexible ground cc.”d.ctor *hall be installed bstveen the drawer frame or
chassis and a ground potential point on the f ramm of the supporting enclosure or cabinet.
Such ground conductors installed sbztll b no smaller in cross 9ection ●rea than the largeBt
conductor s“pplyinq pover to the drawer equipment.
5.3.2 Nonmetallic bulkheads. Electrical equipment mounted on “onretallic structures

and bulkbeads and extruded and honeycomb metal joiner bulkheads shall E-a grounded by one of
the following methods :
(a) where metal sheeting of nonwtallic bulkheads 18 grounded at installation

channels or brackets to form class S or class C bonds , electrical equipment
installed thereon will not require other than a class B bond.
(b) Nhere metal sheeting of nonmetallic bulkheads is insulated from ground
Wtential at installation channels or brackets and equipment installed
thereon is not grounded by a ground conductor in the power supply cable, a
ground conductor sbal 1 be installed and tied or laced to the existing power
supply cable and connected to ground potential at tha available p!rar
connection or junction box or other convenient ground potential point. ‘3%.s
ground conductor used shall be no smaller in cross-sectional area than the
.,. largest conductor s.pplyin9 Prime Pow= to the equipment.
.,.
i, 5.3.3 Cables. Electrical and electronic cables shall bQ routed within the ship muper-
mtruct”re to~iiiximum extent possible to shield tbe cables against electromagnetic radia-
tion from ship tr.nemi tting antennas.
A grourid system shall be installed for digital

5.’.’ ==%
computer e.q”~pment xn accor -
ante w t MI L- STD-I 399,
section 406.
5. 3.4.1 Conmmn digital computer round s SteUS. Nhen an interface is required between
two or nmre di~cotrp”ter systems a“
* w ere eac
+myc.ten! rq”ire. ● si”.31e point ground
system, an EM1 analysis shall he performed to determine the OPti@JUO ground WYstem interface
a“d si”qle pai”ti co””ection to ground. The optimum method used shall provide the minimum
possibility of common mode SN1.
5. 3.S Submarines. Electronic a“d electrical equipments and electromagnetic shielding

eond”i t shall be qrounded by the applicable requirements and method6 as specified herein.
5. 3.5.! Conduit. electromagnetic sbieldi”g conduit 10 feet or longer without

ins”l,ati”$ jac~11
et. be bonded to qround Ptenti.al at a point not greater than 5 feet
frow !v.ct end of the co”d”i t. Conduit less than 10 feet shall he bonded at one Faint anywhere
.31O.C the r“,,. C1.a$s ‘S- bonding i. acceptable. where class ‘B- bonding is not inherent
in the installation of the conduit, bond straps shall be installed in accordance with
figure 10. This hondi”q requirement is in addition to any bonding that maY he achieved
:hrouqr, -a”duit termi”atio” to eq. ipme”t and shall be made to a point of ground potential
oth. v than the terminating equipment case or cabinet. Electromagnetic shieldinq conduit
w%!.},i,,sui?tiri.jacket shall be grounded as specified on the installation drawlnqs.
5.4 metallic hull surface shi s, to side s res. mpside space rqUir_ntS Opecified
ir 5.: .1 thr””q h <.~m~ dcatim%%c hull surface ships O.LY. Of these
re+. irenents, the req”iren!e”tz covering nonlinear junctions (see 5.4.1). 15U SW3Ucti0n
(se.?5.4.2) , lHX test (see 5.4.3) , and broadbmd (see 5.4.4 I shall be applicable only to
ships o“ which six or more hiqh frequency (HP) transmitters have been or will be installed.
.
(

Hr2,-sTD-l 31oD (NAVY1
8 February 1979
5.4.1 General.
Nonlinear junctions can qenerz+te the rusty bolt type of lM1 with
●ffects that~ transient cm variable, depe.dent, for example, on transmitter operatinq
frequency and DC,wer DaraMters and subsea.ent reaction of the .—.
i..c+.io. .. ef
.-.-.. _- -..feet.d by ies
cOriosiv& cond~tic.n,-relative location, ~nd ef feet of ship motion, and envirc...
c.nme”t 0.
junction characteristics. Elimination of potentially inter ferimq junction sources requires
that topside areas of hull surfaces shall effectively consist of a continuous electrical
conducting medium free of metallic disconti””ities such .8 bolted, pinned, or riveted
junction c.. any junction across which there may develop a non-zero contact resistance.
Elimination of topside nonlinear junctions shall reguire co~liance with the following (see
5.4.2 for additional s~cif ic req”iranents) !
(a) Where uovability or renmvability is not required, metal-to-metal joints shall

be class A bonded to the extent specified (see 5.4.2) .
(b) Metallic items shall be welded to ship structure or alternatively either
bonded with bond straps, ins”l~ted, replaced with nonmetallic equivalents,
if feasible, or relocated to 4 nontopside area if practicable. 5%. mthod
reelected shall be i“ accordance with the applicable detailed requirewnts.
Where bond straps are used, they shall be types. 1, 11, or 111, as applicable.
Use of type6 11 and 111 shall be mlnimdzed:in ~ference to UES of type 1
straps.
(c) LeOse metallic items, such as pipe, cables, and portable rigging shal 1 “ot
be stowed, stacked, or lashed. down in ships topside area.
5.4.2 IMI reduction. The lM1 and associated Ek41 reduction req”ireme”ts of 5.4.2.1
through 5.4.772 apply to s~Ci fic items located i“ topside areee which ere Potential source,
of hull-qenerated intermod”latic.n (-r”sty bolt. ) type of interference caused by nonlinear
junctions (see 3.13) . Req”irefnsnts are listed in desce”di”g order based on the usual intez -
fexence severity of each item.
Portable items (such as canopies, stanchions, and riggi”.g which are

%%%%Y when i“ port) and telescoping stanchion. with lifelines are exempt
from these requirements. Items with largest diaensio” less than 6 feet are not
reguired to be bonded.
5.4.2.1 Yardarm foot walkin and hand safety “ko~. Metallic foot walking rapes O.
~ -, hand safety ropes sh.al~t +— e used on ~arms. Nonmetallic rails or welded pipe rails
shall be used.
Rigging such as anteIUIO downhauls. fu21 &ens rigging, awning lines,

li.e.’i~i~iat-lifek.ts, and other similar lines shall be rtonmtalli.. 14etallic
standing rigging shall be bonded to ground potential in.mCCOX*= with fi9We 11.
5.4.2.3 Cable. Where electrical and electronic cables nre installed during new
construction or reguire replaee~nt during ship repair, much cables shal 1 be an unarumred
tYPe . Where arrered cablea ere used on existing .ship.s.IMI..%eCJtSshall be performed (see
5.4. 3) to determine whether s“eh cables are c~rently, or potentially a 8011RX of lBI1.
where ms”lt-e M, pe.qitive, such cables shall t-a rerouted or shielded as applicable. -red
cable may be rerouted within m.ssts or other similar structures or enclosed within conduit
i pipe or conduit in general con fomnce with fIgure 3, 4, or 5, “’S8‘%ppltickble. ?lexible
metal ecmduit subject to corrnsi.an effetits shall not be wed ,in topside Bmas.
5.4.2.4 Lifelines. Lifelines installed i“ areaa not subject to missile blaet or jet
blast shall be constructed of nonmetallic material. =tallic lines shall be insulated from
1 termtnatlng stanchions by the installation of lifeline insu2at0rs, Electroline ~ny
Part 25D. SP-558, or egual.
S.4.2.5 Life & mafet nets. Life and safety nets not exposed to missile blamt or
jet blast LIhal=
co”s=d?nc.-tallic material. Het..sllicnets and hinged fra-s
shall t-z bonded in accordance with figure 12.
5.4.2.6 Portable flaqstaf fa/jackstaf fs and stanchions. Portable flagstaffs/jacksta ffs

a~~e;chi.ns 11.t subject t. missile b last o~et bl ast shall be. censtr=tad of nonmetallic
Metallic staffs and stanchions shall be bonded in accordance with figure 13.
S.4.2.7 Portable items. Portable items or equipment, with the largest di-nsion more
than 6 feet snch as fog~les, davits and personnel etretchera shall be insulated froa
contact with ship structure by insulating the hangers, clips, brackets of other areas of
contact with ship structure. Insulating materiaI shall be weather resistant heat shrinkable
~- Or t*in9, r*~r -ttin9. plastics, epoxy. fiberglass. or other mimilar materials.

w
‘“.
2UESTD-131OD (14dvY)
-0-n32W’uary 1979
S.4.2.8 Portable life rails. Purtable life rails shall be constructed of rionmetallic ‘
nbxterl.tl. — — —
5.4.2.9 ImX3ers. Metallic inclimea ladders shall be greunaed in accordance with

figure 14 or s~ fabricated of mnrtetallic Eaterial in accordance With Drawing
803-5164099. 14ttallic vertical Iaddera ●re considered mtimfactorily grounded when installa-
tion bolts ● re tightened securely. climber safety rails are Considarad satisfactorily
grounded when installed by welded brackets in accordance with Drawing 004-4563125. Climber
safety rails installed by brackets cla!@ed to holder rungs shall utilize ● .type II boti
strap at these points with the walded end of the bond strap attached to ship structure and”
the detachable end bolted to the safety rail.
5.4.2.10 Tilt in antenna trounts. Tilting antenna Qunte shdll be bonded in accord-
ante with figure
+——
5.4.2.11 Masts. Masts, mast braces, king pest’,” ●nd other sifollar strw=turea shall be
gr.aunded by typ&&nd straps in accordance with figure 16. Strbcturea 30 inches of lW9Rr
in diameter shall have four bona straps installed. Structures from 8 to 20 inches in
diameter shall have two bond straps. Structures less than 8 inches in diameter rhall u.?e
only one bond strap (s~= f igura 16). .,
5.4.2.12 Expansion w. Expansion joints shall be baaed in accordance with

figure 17.
Tu determine whether a suspected item much am arrmxed cable is .s

5“4”3=%=+?”
contributor to lM , t e &tern shall be wved or shaken while the interference level indicator
Imter is observed. Fluctuations in the meter level indicates that tbe item contributes to
IM1 and shall bavs corrective mEaaure@ applied as speci fieidherein.
S.4.4 Broadband S6!1 reduction. Broadband sux will noru.mlly be gemarated in ship
topside stru- ~glng by crose or intermittent contact between metal items which are
in proximity to w transmitting antennaa or located within the Imtinbeam of radar antennas.
Examples of much items are handrails, hooks, links, cables, chains. Cable arwr, and ladders.
s!41 reduction shall be achieved by use of bonding, grounding, shielding, or insulating such
nmtallic items, or by replacement with nonmetallic raterials by the applicable method
specified herein.
5.4.5 Antenna tuners ma couplers; titennt tuners and couplers shall be class C kanded
by the meth~ i~8~
Portable spaces swsh as huts, vana, trailers and shelters that

Contain electrical
5“4”’ e actrc.mc equipment and ere located i“ topside areas shall La class
“table orw-”
C groundea by type 1x bond straps (see figure 1). Portable spaces equipped with ●nte.naa
and reguiring llpgrounding shall be class C grounded by type 111 bond straps (see figure 2) .
Ground terminals shall b provided for installation of bond straps. portable spaces
Qunted to ship deck in n.xitop’ide .reaa ray k class B bond.d.
5.4.7 Em protection. l%. re~.irensmt.s of 5.4.7.1 throu9h S.4.7.4 ●P@Y OnlY to

Uistallic hul~urrace ships when SmP protection is required.
S.4.7.1 sur e arresters. Surge arrester protection shall be provided for equipment
COme.tea to tops>
+— e antennas as specified for each application. In addition, task light
cables installed in plastic masts *hall be provided with surge arrester protection.
5.4.7.2 C.sbl=s. Cables shall be routed to the -ximwm extent within the ship miper-
Struct”re incl-the mast. where cables ara routtd external to shipe pmtaetive ●tructure
installation shall conform to the following:
(a) Maximum use shall be trade of shielded cablea in topside aream to preclude
requirement ba use conduit for 8hi=lding.
(h) Nonshielded cable routed topside shal 1 be enclosed in conduit. Such conduit
shall be grounded at each end.
[c) Nonshielded !mst cables shall be installed in accordance with fi9Ure 4 or 5.
In either application, ●hielaea cable may be enclosed with nonohieldzrd cable.
Shielded cables shall be gr.aundea at e.s.duit terminations in accordance
with figure 19. Sonahielded cables routed to equipment from the -at or
mast co”dui t shall be enclosed in conauit.

M1L-STD-131 OD(NAVY]
8 February 1979
(d) Circular conduit used shall be electrically continuous “sing threadd O=

welded junctions. At support brackets, conduit shall be either velded to
ground or insulated to inhibit formation of nonlinear junctions.
(e) Interior cables shall not be routed within 12 inches of doors, hatches, and
windows. Windshield wiper cables, window heater cables, and door alarm
cables are allowable exceptions.
Waveq”ide penetrating ship S“perstruct”re or deck from topside

area k~d”;e %%%$&ripherally at tbe point of Penetration by tbe methods shown c..
figure 20.
5.4.7.4 Metal & and tubin . where possible, pipes shall be welded 360 degrees at
weather b“lkhe~netrat=s Are weldi”q cannot be performed (for example, d“. to
dissimilar metals) , grounding shall be as shown on fi$wre 19. Metal tubing shall be
grounded at weather pe”,etrations as shown 0. fi9ure 19.
5.5 Bond stra s. Bo”d straps shall conform to figures 1 or 2 or as otherwise specified
herein. lnstal
—1-+ at on shall conform ta 5.5.1 through 5.5.4.2.
5.5.1 Installation hardware. bond strap installation baiidware (such as nuts, tilts,
washers, and studs) sharl~inch, 5/16-inch, or 3/8-inch, as appropriate. For topside
areaw, m“nting hardware shall be corrosion-resistant steel (CSES) c?mfcmmi”q to QO-S-763,
except where aluminum studs are required. For nontopside. areas, mmunting hardware (except
stud.sl shall be plated steel. Hardware used o“ minesweepers shall be nonswq”etic.
5.5.1.1 Studs. Studs located i“ nontopside areas shall be aluminum or plated steel,
as appropriate. Studs shall be in accordance with uIL-S-24149 a“d shall be selected to
provide maximum physical contact between the bond strap l“g and the stud collar or shoulder.
Shoulder studs only shall be need i“ the installation of type 11 bond straps. Th.Se shoulder
studs shall conform to the following di~nsions: Stud size 3/8-16; threaded length 5/8-in.h
extending above bond strap l“g to .aIlcw for flat washer, lock washer a“d n“t; unthreaded
portion [base) diameter 3/4-inch; base height l/2-inch. Either shoulder sttxis or CO1 lar
studs may be used in all other installations.
5.5.2 Contact surface preparation. Surface preparation for inst..allatio”of .11 bond
e. straps sball~ompl ished by clea”i”g to bare metal those areas where t.md straps wi 11
‘connect. ‘fbreaded hardware shall b-scoated with an a“timeize compound conform.ing to
MIL-T-22361 prior to the i“stallatio” of bolted bond straps.
NOTE , ‘The preceding cleaning requirements do not apply to surfaces plated with cadmium or
chromate on items such as chassis and bond strap wunting hardware.
5.5.3 Installation. So”d straps shall be installed in locations which will permit
rapid i“spectxo” or replacement and shall be installsd i“ such a manner that vibration,
expansion, Cc.”tractio”, or relative movement, incident to normal service, will mot break
or loosen tbe b-snd 8trap connection. -“d strap installations shall “ot L“terfere with the
tightness characteristics of cabinets or e“clos”res, shall not weakm any stmeture or item
to which a bond strap is attached, a“d shal 1 not restrict the mxement of any hinged or
pinned item. Existing bolts, studs, or threaded holes shall be umed for bond strap
installation where possible.
5.5.3.1 ~~. ‘W- 1 hnd Straps shall be installed as follow:
(a) Weld the lugs to ground Wtential and to the item to be bonded.
NOTE , L“g tonq”es may be bent, if necessary, to provide the nvst practica 1 bond
strap installation. . .,... . .
,.
(b) Clean the welded areas of welding slag.
(c) Seal the lUYS a“d tbe welded areas i“ accordance with 5.5.4.
5.5.3.2 ZYFS z. Type 11 bond straPs shall be installed as follows:

[a) Weld one e“d of the st:ap to hull qround or PC,the item to be bonded, as
aPP,Opriate.
(b) Weld a threaded stud to hull ground or to the i,.,,,to be bo”(ied, as appro-
priate, or “se existinq bolts or holes, if p.x. ible.
(c) Attach the tilted end of the knd strap by “s. of the appropriate method a“d
hardware as shown o“ figure 21.
10

HIL-sm3-131nD[h*bs j
B February 1979
(’, (d) Clean the welded area of welding slag.
(e) Seal the lugs and the welded area in accordance with 5.5.4.
111 bond straps shall be “installed by securing SSI.,P to item

and ~i;”~&n%% =c.f%% aprmopri.te
s..uri.gmethodof figure21.
5.5.3.4 we. Type IV bond straps shall he installed as follmm:
(a) Secure strap across resilient mount using existing hardware. where possible
(see figure 9) . Where existing hardware canmt be used fur bond strap
installation, drill or drill and tap munting holes or insfall studs for
installation of bond strap as shown on figure 21.
5.5.4 ~.
me ends (lugs) of type I and 11 bond straps which are welded

areas.
sled by priming amf painting the lugs ●id + ● rena affected by
welding. The ends of type 11 bond straps which are inc!talled on threaded studs or bolts
shall be weather-sealed by coating the lugs and associated hardware with an application of
anti seize compound Con forud”g to !41L-T-22361. The insulating jacket of type 1 and 11 bond
straps shall not be painted or coated. where bend strap installation has affected painted
surfaces, affected areas shall be restored to the original Paint finish.
5.5.4.2 rnnto side areas. Mnd straps inst.slled in nontopside areas do not require
painting. Pai- =ted by bond strap installation shall be restored to the
original paint finish.
6. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS
6.1 In-proqress in.FectiOn. ti in-progress inspection shall be conducted during the

,i”stallation of bond straps, nonmetallic materials and ground system, specified by this
ctrmdard. This i.s~ctio” shall ccm.?ist of spot checking installation procedures, methods,
-and cwterials to determine compliance wifh the applicable rsquiremmts speci fied herein.
-e inspection shall also determine that:
( (a) Bond straps, nonmetal lie materials and ground systems are installed in
conformance with requirements for personnel 5a fety.
lb) Quality materials, methods and Vc.rknunship are used.
(c) Each installation will satisfy the intent and pumee of the requirement.
(d) class of bond and type of bond etrap (for class Cl iS aS =r=ified herein.
(e) Installation of strap does not interfere with tightness of enclosure.
[f) Installation of strap does not weaken structure or item to which strap is
attached.
(9) Rend straps will not restrict the movement of any hinged or pinned itam and
installation methods will “ot place any bond strap in a binding or
restrictive Psition that will lead to early breakage of the strap.
(h) Aond straps and nonmetallic IuIterials located in topside areas are fabricated,
installed and treated aa mn?cified herein to prevent deterioration through
corrosion, oxidation, or tieatbering.
After completion of all required installations, a final inspec-

tion ~till%%%%%imapectio. shall determine’that all feq”irements. specified for
the particdar ship iwolved, have been accomplished and that the quality assurance provisions
Of 6.1 have been met.
unless othenti8e W?quiretd by the COntraCt. the

.o”t:::o=-sR%ibilit’. or performing the inspections.
6.4 Inspector certification. The contractor aball certify that the inspector is
qualified to perform the inspectfo”s specified herein.
6.5 Cavermnent veri fieation. x11 req”ir=~nts apecif i.d by thin etandard shall be
subject W Governfrent verification at any time.
Seview activities: Preparing activity:

AS, 0S, EC wavy - SH
[Pzoje.x SW-31072)
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NOTE: W form may not bc uced @ =quest rnpies of documents, nor to request waivera, deviations, or ctuification of
specification nquimnmts on current contr8cts. Comments aubndtted on tbb farm do ncd comstttufe or kmply SUfbOriUtiIXI
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Commander
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Department of the Navy
Washington, DC 20362
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I

GROUNDING, AND OTHER TECHNIQUES

FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY

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DEPARTNSNT OF TNE NAVY

NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMNAND

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20360

Shipboard Bonding, Grounding, and Other

1. This Military Standard is approved 8 February 1979 for

2. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions)

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2. New in this revision is the addition of shieldinq and

3. This revision of MIL-STD-131O should provide the ship-

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5. D.i!TAILEDREQUIREMENTS.. . . . . . . .’....... . ...5

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Paragraph 5. 3.4 Digital computer grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

6. OUALITY ASSURANCE PROVIS1ONS . . . . . . . . . . - , . . . - . 11

riwre :. VP I ..d w!= xx ~nd strap f~ric~tiondwails - . - . . . 12

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1.2 Classification. Classification is applicable to class of bondi”a method and to

class A. A bond achieved thro.qh the process of weldinq or braz inq.

ZYxLQ. h strap, constructed of weldinq cable with terminal Iuqs of steel or

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NAVAL s= SySTEMS COWND

fisvsr. P.rR ENGINEERING CEfPTER

NAVAL AIR SYSTENS comwim

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NAVAL SEA SYSTEM COKMAND

(Copies of speci fic.tions, standards, drawings, and pulbications required by contractors

3. DEF1N1TIONS. ‘me following definitions apply! .- .,.

3.2 Conduit. A sheet metal e“.lcra”re normally of rectangular ox circular construction

3.4 Electromagnetic interference ~. Electromagnetic energy which causes a mal func-

3.7 ~“ipme”t, electrical. Squipment designed to generate, convert, distribute,

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3.9 Gro’imd (qround wtential] . A W.int, line Or surface utilized by electrical or

llie process of ●stablishi”ff a low impedance or low resistance path

3.12 I“termodulati.an interference (IU1). Interference caused by qeneratio”, in a

Inner or inside areas of a ship not e~sed to weather, incl.dinq

3.15 Sesilient Imunt. A rubberized or otherwise flexible nuuntinq support installed

3.16 - (shieldinq) . A metal barrier of solid, screen, 0. braid construction used

3.17 w, secure processi”y. An area within clearly defined perimeter barriers as

On metallic hull ships. the hull shall be clesiqnated

4.2 Personnel safety. The outernmst m.stal1i. surface of equipment connected to

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4.2.1 F@ radiation burn hazards. Posting of W radiation hazard warning sigms, SF

In addition to the requirements specified herein,

welding equipment shall be grounded i“ accordance with

5. DETA1 LSD ASQU1 SSUSNTS

5.1 All ships.

5.1.1 Workbenches. Electrical and electronic workbemcbes shal 1 be grounded in

Shorting probes (grc.wlding rods) Shall be provided arid

5.2 Nonmetallic hull *. Requirements of 5.2.1 through 5.2.3 are applicable to

A 9r0und ~Y5tem shall be installed in accordance with 5.2.1.1

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Nain equipment ground cable shall be provided

(a) Equipment utilizing a.c. F---

5.2.2.1 Exceptions. The followin~ items are not required to be grounded: