PHRASE
PHRASE
PHRASE
POINTS TO BE DISCUSSED
The constituents
EXAMPLES
Examples
The flexibility of language styles makes it possible to use different forms to express oneself in
different ways depending on what you want to say and how you want to say it. So …
A. Those sentences looking for answers take the form of questions and always end in a question mark.
We call them …
Interrogative (?)
Examples
B. Those which give direct orders, commands or advice and also often express prohibition. We call
them …
Imperative
Examples
C. Those which show that we are astonished or surprised and always end in an exclamation mark We
simply call them …
Exclamatory (!)
Examples
D. But those which state facts, arguments or indirect questions We call them …
Declarative (:)
Examples
E. But those which discuss factual implications or hypothetical situations and their consequences are called
Conditional
Examples
The Phrase
A phrase is a fragment that consists of more than a word and it conveys no meaning by itself as it lacks the subject.
Prepositional phrase: in the room, under the tree, along the wall, upon the table
Noun phrase: the black cat, the windowsill, green eyes
Verb phrase: is reading, was drinking
Adjective phrase: very beautiful, full of fun, painted in vibrant colours
Adverb phrase: in a calm manner, very slowly
The Clause
Some sentences could contain more than one clause. They are two types:
I came across my primary school teacher can be a whole sentence. So It is the main clause.
While I was taking a walk is subordinate to the main clause. You notice That its meaning isn’t
complete. It depends on what the main clause says.
These are the most frequently used either in writing or in speaking. They are introduced by:
EXAMPLES
And « that » replaces « who », « which » and often « whom » in many situations and it is mostly used in Spoken English.
Relative clauses can be restrictive or non-restrictive. Restrictive ones take commas but the non-
restrictive don’t.
These are also used so often and they are introduced by:
EXAMPLES
The existential clause is often used to invite readers to make some interpretations.
06. If – clause
It is used in conditional sentence, and it is three types Type I
(probable)
If you call her at night, she won’t answer. (won’t => will not)
Type II (unreal)
If I had wings, you‘d fly high in the sky (‘d => would)
If they had bought that car, they would have regretted it.
The Subject
The subject is who or what the sentence is talking about, usually a noun or pronoun like in these sentences
The Verb
The verb tells what the subject "is" or "does".