Rahul Dravid

Rahul Sharad Dravid (/ˌrɑːhʊl

Rahul Dravid
drəvɪd/ ; born 11 January 1973) is a
former player, ex-captain and ex-
coach of the Indian national cricket
team.[2] Known for his outstanding
batting technique,[3] Dravid scored
24,177 runs in international cricket
and is widely regarded as one of
the greatest batsmen in the history
of cricket.[4][5][6] He is colloquially
known as Mr. Dependable and
often referred to as The Wall.[7] He
won the 2002 ICC Champions
Trophy as a member of the Indian
team and guided the Indian team
Dravid in 2024
to victory in the 2024 ICC Men's
T20 World Cup as the head coach. Personal information
Full name Rahul Sharad Dravid
Prior to his appointment to the
Born 11 January 1973
senior men's national team, Dravid
Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
was the Head of Cricket at the
National Cricket Academy (NCA), Nickname The Wall, The Great Wall,
and the head coach of the India Jammy, Mr. Dependable[1]
Under-19 and India A teams. Height 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)
Under his tutelage, the Under-19 Batting Right-handed
team finished as runners-up at the Bowling Right arm off break
2016 U-19 Cricket World Cup and
Role Batsman, Part-time wicket-
won the 2018 U-19 Cricket World
keeper
Cup. Under his coaching, Indian
cricket team finished as runners- Website www.rahuldravid.com (http://ww
up at the 2023 Cricket World Cup w.rahuldravid.com)
and 2023 ICC World Test International information
National side India (1996–2012)
Championship final and were Test debut 20 June 1996 v England
semifinalist at the 2022 ICC Men's (cap 207)
T20 World Cup . Last Test 24 January 2012 v Australia

Born in a Marathi family and ODI debut 3 April 1996 v Sri Lanka
raised in Bangalore, he started (cap 95)
playing cricket at the age of 12 and Last ODI 16 September 2011 v England
later represented Karnataka at the ODI shirt no. 19 (previously 5)
under-15, under-17 and under-19
Only T20I 31 August 2011 v England
levels. Dravid was named one of
(cap 38)
the best five cricketers of the year
T20I shirt no. 19
by Wisden Cricketers' Almanack in
2000 and received the Player of Domestic team information
the Year and the Test Player of the Years Team
Year awards at the inaugural ICC 1990–2012 Karnataka
awards ceremony in 2004.[8][9] In 2000 Kent
December 2011, he became the 2003 Scottish Saltires
first non-Australian cricketer to
2008–2010 Royal Challengers Bangalore
deliver the Bradman Oration in
Canberra.[10] 2011–2013 Rajasthan Royals
Head coaching information
As of January 2022, Dravid is the Years Team
fourth-highest run scorer in Test 2015–2021 India U-19
cricket, after Sachin Tendulkar,
2015–2021 India A
Ricky Ponting and Jacques
Kallis.[11] In 2004, upon scoring a 2021–2024 India
century against Bangladesh in Career statistics
Chittagong, he became the first Competition Test ODI FC LA
player to score a century in all the Matches 164 344 298 449
ten Test-playing countries (now
Runs scored 13,288 10,889 23,794 15,271
12).[12] As of October 2012, he
Batting average 52.31 39.16 55.33 42.30
holds the record for the most
catches taken by a player (non- 100s/50s 36/63 12/83 68/117 21/112
wicket-keeper) in Test cricket, at Top score 270 153 270 153
210.[13] Dravid holds a unique Balls bowled 120 186 617 477
record of never getting out for a Wickets 1 4 5 4
Golden duck in the 286 Test
Bowling average 39.00 42.50 54.60 105.25
innings that he has played during
his career. He has faced 31,258 5 wickets in innings 0 0 0 0
balls, which is the largest number 10 wickets in match 0 0 0 0
of balls faced by any player in test Best bowling 1/18 2/43 2/16 2/43
cricket. He has also spent 44,152 Catches/stumpings 210/0 196/14 353/1 233/17
minutes at the crease, which is the [hide]
Medal record
highest time spent on the crease by
any player in test cricket.[14] Men's Cricket
Dravid and Sachin Tendulkar are Representing India
currently the highest scoring ICC Cricket World Cup
partnership in Test cricket history, Runner-up 2003 South Africa-Zimbabwe-Kenya
having scored 6,920 runs ICC Champions Trophy
combined while batting together
Winner 2002 Sri Lanka
for India.[15]
Runner-up 2000 Kenya
In August 2011, after receiving a ACC Asia Cup
surprise recall during the ODI Runner-up 1997 Sri Lanka
series against England, Dravid
Runner-up 2004 Sri Lanka
declared his retirement from ODIs
as well as Twenty20 International Representing India (As Coach)
(T20I), and in March 2012, he ICC Cricket World Cup
announced his retirement from Runner-up 2023 India
international and first-class ICC T20 World Cup
cricket. He appeared at the 2012 Winner 2024 West Indies and USA
Indian Premier League as captain
ICC World Test Championship
of the Rajasthan Royals.[16]
Runner-up 2021–2023
Rahul Dravid, along with Glenn ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup
McGrath, were honoured during Winner 2018 New Zealand
the seventh annual Bradman
Runner-up 2016 Bangladesh
Awards function in Sydney on 1
ACC Asia Cup
November 2012.[17] Dravid has
also been awarded the Padma Shri Winner 2023 Pakistan and Sri Lanka
and the Padma Bhushan, India's Source: ESPNcricinfo (http://www.espncricinfo.com/
fourth and third highest civilian ci/content/player/28114.html), 30 January 2012
awards respectively.[18][19]

In 2014, Rahul Dravid joined the GoSports Foundation as a member of their board of
advisors. In collaboration with GoSports Foundation, he is mentoring India's future
Olympians and Paralympians as part of the Rahul Dravid Athlete Mentorship
Programme.[20] Indian badmintonist Prannoy Kumar, para-swimmer Sharath
Gayakwad and golfer S. Chikkarangappa were part of the initial group of athletes that
were mentored by Rahul Dravid. In July 2018, Dravid became the fifth Indian
cricketer to be inducted into the ICC Hall of Fame.[21]

Early life and education

Dravid was born to a Marathi-Speaking Brahmin family[22] in Indore, Madhya
Pradesh.[23] His family later moved to Bangalore, Karnataka, where he was raised.[24]
His mother tongue is Marathi.[25] Dravid's father, Sharad Dravid, worked for a
company that produces jams and preserves, giving rise to the later nickname Jammy.
His mother, Pushpa, was a professor of architecture at the University Visvesvaraya
College of Engineering in Bangalore.[26] Dravid has a younger brother named
Vijay.[27]

Rahul Dravid attended St. Joseph's Boys High School and earned a degree in
commerce from St Joseph's College of Commerce.[27] He was selected to India's
national cricket team while working towards an MBA at the St Joseph's College of
Business Administration.[28] He is fluent in Marathi, Kannada, English and
Hindi.[22]

Formative years and domestic career

Dravid started playing cricket at the age of 12 and represented Karnataka at the
under-15, the under-17, and the under-19 levels.[29] Former cricketer Keki Tarapore
first noticed Dravid's talent while coaching at a summer camp in the Chinnaswamy
Stadium.[30] Dravid scored a century for his school team. He also played as wicket-
keeper.[27]

Dravid made his Ranji Trophy debut in February 1991, while still attending
college.[31] Playing alongside future India teammates Anil Kumble and Javagal
Srinath against Maharashtra in Pune, he scored 82 runs in the match, which ended in
a draw.[32] He followed it up with a century against Bengal and three successive
centuries after.[33] Dravid's first full season took place in 1991–92, when he scored
two centuries and finished up with 380 runs at an average of 63.30,[34] resulting in
his selection to the South Zone cricket team in the Duleep Trophy.[35] Dravid caught
the national team selectors' attention with his positive performances for India A in
the home series against England A in 1994–95.[33]

International career

Debut
Dravid received his first call to the Indian national cricket team in October 1994 for
the last two matches of the Wills World Series. However, he could not break into the
playing eleven and had to return to the domestic circuit.[36] Despite a stellar show in
domestic cricket, Dravid was not selected for the Indian team for the 1996 World
Cup, prompting an Indian daily newspaper to run an article with the headline –
"Rahul Dravid gets a raw deal".[37]

He eventually made his international debut on 3 April 1996 in an ODI against Sri
Lanka in the Singer Cup held in Singapore immediately after the 1996 World Cup,
replacing Vinod Kambli.[38][39] He wasn't particularly successful with the bat, scoring
only three runs before being dismissed by Muttiah Muralitharan, but took two
catches in the match.[40] He followed it up with another failure in the next game,
scoring only four runs before being run out against Pakistan.[40]

In contrast to his ODI debut, his Test debut was rather successful. He was selected for
the Indian squad touring England on the backdrop of a consistent performance in
domestic cricket for five years.[36][41] Fine performances in the tour games including
fifties against Gloucestershire and Leicestershire failed to earn him a place in the
team for the First Test.[42] He finally made his Test debut at Lord's on 20 June 1996
against England in the Second Test of the series at the expense of injured senior
batsman Sanjay Manjrekar.[38][43] Manjrekar, who was suffering from an ankle
injury, was to undergo a fitness test on the morning of the Second Test. Dravid had
already been informed that he would play if Manjrekar failed the test. Manjrekar
subsequently failed the test. Ten minutes before the toss, Sandeep Patil, the Indian
coach, informed Dravid that he was indeed going to make his debut that day. Patil
recalled years later:[43]

I told him he will be playing. His face lit up. I cannot forget that moment.
Coming in to bat at no. 7, he forged important partnerships, first with another
debutante Sourav Ganguly and then with Indian lower order, securing a vital first
innings lead for his team.[44][45] Dravid scored 95 runs missing out on a debut
hundred as he walked off after getting caught behind to a Chris Lewis delivery.[46]
During this match, he also took his first catch in Test cricket to dismiss Nasser
Hussain off the bowling of Srinath.[47][48] In the next tour game against British
Universities, Dravid scored a hundred. He scored another fifty in the first innings of
the Third Test.[40] Dravid concluded a successful debut series with an average of
62.33 from two Test matches.[49]

I had played five years of first-class cricket to break into the Indian team ... scored
a lot of runs in domestic cricket ... was lucky to get the opportunity ... knew that
probably it would be the only one. Otherwise I would have to go back to domestic
cricket and start the cycle all over again ... I remember when I was 50 not out at
the end of the day ... walking back to the hotel with Srinath and I knew somehow
that this was probably a very significant innings. I knew I had some more
breathing space ... a few more Test matches at least ... gave me a lot of confidence
scoring 95 here and 80 at Trent Bridge ... as a player and as a person.

Rahul Dravid, reflecting back on his Test debut 15 years later, during India tour of
England, 2011.[50]

1996–98
Dravid's early years in international cricket mirrored his international debut. He had
contrasting fortunes in the long and the shorter format of the game. While he was
successful in Test cricket, he struggled with ODIs.[51]

After his Test debut in England, Dravid played in the one-off Test against Australia in
Delhi – his first Test in India. Batting at no. 6, he scored 40 runs in the first innings.
Dravid batted at no. 3 position for the first time in the First Test of the three-match
home series against South Africa in Ahmedabad in November 1996.[44] He failed to
perform well in the series, scoring only 175 runs at an average of 29.16.[49]

Two weeks later, India toured South Africa for a three–match Test series. Chasing a
target of 395 runs in the First Test, the Indian team got bowled out for 66 runs on the
Durban pitch that provided excessive bounce and seam movement.[52] Dravid,
batting at no. 6, was the only Indian batsman who reached double figures in the
innings, scoring 27 not out.[53] He was promoted to the no. 3 slot again in the second
innings of the Second Test. He almost won the Third Test for India with his maiden
test hundred in the first innings, scoring 148 runs and another 81 runs in the second
innings at Wanderers before the thunderstorms, dim light and Cullinan's hundred
helped South Africa draw the match.[44][54] Dravid's performance in this Test earned
him his first Man of the Match award in Test cricket.[55] He top scored for India in
the series with 277 runs at an average of 55.40.[56]

Dravid continued in the same vein in the West Indies, where he once again top scored
for India in the five–match Test series, aggregating 360 runs at an average of 72.00,
including four fifties.[57] 92 runs scored in the first innings of the fifth match in
Georgetown earned him a joint Man of the Match award along with Shivnarine
Chanderpaul.[58] With this series, Dravid concluded the 1996-97 Test season, topping
the international runs chart with 852 runs from 12 matches at an average of 50.11,
with six fifties and a hundred.[59]

Dravid continued his successful run, scoring seven fifties in the next eight Tests that
included fifties in six consecutive innings (three each against Sri Lanka and
Australia), becoming only the second Indian to do so after Gundappa
Vishwanath.[44][60] By the end of 1997-98 Test season, he had scored 15 fifties in 22
Tests including four scores of nineties but just one hundred.[61]

During the 1998-99 Test season, Dravid scored 752 runs in seven Tests at an average
of 62.66, that included four hundreds and one fifty. In the process, he topped the
runs chart for India for the season.[62] He scored the first of the four hundreds during
the Zimbabwe tour.[44] Dravid top scored in both innings against Zimbabwe, scoring
118 and 44 runs respectively; however, India lost the one-off Test.[63]

The Zimbabwe tour was followed by a tour to New Zealand. The First Test having
been abandoned without a ball being bowled,[64] the series started for Dravid with
the first duck of his Test career in the first innings of the Second Test and ended with
hundreds in both innings of the Third Test in Hamilton. He scored 190 and 103 not
out in the first and the second innings respectively, becoming only the third Indian
batsman, after Vijay Hazare and Sunil Gavaskar, to score a century in both innings of
a Test match.[40][65] Dravid topped the runs table for the series with 321 runs at an
average of 107.00, although India lost the series 0–1.[64][66]

Later that month, India played a two Test home series against Pakistan. Dravid didn't
contribute much with the bat. India lost the First Test but won the Second Test in
Delhi with Kumble's historic 10-wicket haul. Dravid played his part in the 10-wicket
haul by taking a catch to dismiss Mushtaq Ahmed, who was Kumble's eighth victim in
the innings.[67][68] The India-Pakistan Test series was followed by the 1998–99 Asian
Test Championship. India went on to lose the riot-affected First Test of the
championship against Pakistan at the Eden Gardens.[40][69] India went to Sri Lanka
to play the Second Test of the championship. Dravid scored his fourth hundred of the
season at Colombo in the first innings of the match. He also effected a successful run
out of Russel Arnold during Sri Lankan innings fielding at short leg. On the fourth
morning, Dravid was injured while fielding at the same position when the ball from
Jayawardene's pull shot struck his face through the helmet grill. He didn't come out
to bat in the second innings due to the injury.[70] The match ended in a draw as India
failed to qualify for the Finals of the championship.[71]

In a stark contrast to his Test career, Dravid struggled to make a mark in the
ODIs.[51] Between his ODI debut in April 1996 and the end of 1998, Dravid regularly
found himself in and out of the ODI team.[72]

Dravid's first success in his ODI career took place in the 1996 'Friendship' Cup
against Pakistan in the tough conditions of Toronto.[73] He emerged as the highest
scorer of the series with 220 runs in five matches at an average of 44.00 and a strike
rate of 68.53.[74] He won his first ODI Man of the Match award for the 46 runs scored
in the low scoring third game of the series.[55] He top scored for India in the Standard
Bank International One-Day Series 1996/97 in South Africa with 280 runs from eight
games at an average of 35.00 and a strike rate of 60.73,[75] the highlight being a Man
of the Match award-winning performance (84 runs, one catch) in the Final of the
series, although his team lost the match.[76] He was the second highest run scorer for
India in the four-match bilateral ODI series in the West Indies in the 1996–97 season
with 121 runs at an average of 40.33 and a strike rate of 57.61.[77] Dravid scored his
first ODI hundred in the 1997 Pepsi Independence Cup against Pakistan in Chennai
that came in a losing cause.[78][79] Dravid top scored for India in the quadrangular
event with 189 runs from three games at an average of 94.50 and a strike rate of
75.60. However, India failed to qualify for the Final of the series.[80][81]

Dravid's achievements in the ODIs were dwarfed by his failures in the shorter format
of the game. 14 runs from two games in the 1996 Pepsi Sharjah Cup; 20 runs from
two innings in the Singer World Series; 65 runs from four innings in the 1997
'Friendship' Cup; 88 runs from four games in the 1998 Coca-Cola Triangular Series
including a 22-ball five runs and a 21-ball one run innings, both against Bangladesh;
32 runs from four games in the 1998 'Friendship' Cup;[44][49] a slew of such poor
performances often forced him to the sidelines of the India ODI squad.[72] By the end
of 1998, Dravid had scored 1,709 runs in 65 ODIs at an average of only 31.64 with a
low strike rate of 63.48.[82]
By now, Dravid had been branded as a Test specialist. While he continued a
successful run in Test cricket, he struggled in the ODIs. He drew criticism for not
being able to adjust his style of play to the needs of ODI cricket and his lack of
attacking capability. Dravid subsequently increased his range of strokes and adapted
his batting style to suit the requirements of ODI cricket. He learned to pace his
innings cleverly without going for the slogs.[37][51][73]

Dravid's ODI success began during the 1998-99 New Zealand tour.[37] He scored a
run-a-ball hundred in the first match of the bilateral ODI series that earned him his
third Man of the Match award in ODIs.[44][55] His team lost the match.[40] However,
his effort of 51 runs from 71 balls in the Fourth ODI resulted in India's victory and
earned him his second Man of the Match award of the series.[44][55] He became the
top scorer of the series with 309 runs from five games at an average of 77.25 and a
strike rate of 84.65.[83] Dravid scored a hundred against Sri Lanka in the 1998/99
Pepsi Cup at Nagpur, scoring 116 of 118 deliveries.[84] In the next match against
Pakistan, he bowled four overs and took the wicket of Saeed Anwar.[85] This was his
first wicket in international cricket.[40]

Dravid scored two fifties in the 1998–99 Coca-Cola Cup in Sharjah, one each against
England and Pakistan.[44] Standing-in as the substitute wicket-keeper in the third
match of the series for Nayan Mongia, who was injured during keeping, Dravid
effected two dismissals. He first stumped Graeme Hick off Sunil Joshi's bowling, who
became Dravid's first victim as a wicket-keeper, and then caught Neil Fairbrother off
Ajay Jadeja's bowling.[47][86] He top scored for India in the tournament,[87] though
his last ODI innings was a golden duck against Pakistan.[44]

World Cup debut

Dravid hit consecutive fifties in England against Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire
in the warm-up games.[40]

He made his World Cup debut against South Africa at Hove, scoring a half century.
He scored only 13 runs in the next game against Zimbabwe.[88] India lost both the
games.[89] Having lost the first two games, India needed to win the remaining three
games of the first round to have any chance of advancing into the Super Six stage.[90]
Dravid set up a partnership with Sachin Tendulkar, during which they scored 237
runs against Kenya at Bristol – a World Cup record – and in the process hit his
maiden World Cup hundred, leading India to a 94-run victory.[91] India's designated
keeper Nayan Mongia was injured and left the field at the end of the 9th over during
Kenyan innings, forcing Dravid to keep the wickets for the rest of the innings.[92] In
the absence of Mongia, Dravid played his first ODI as a designated keeper against Sri
Lanka at Taunton.[93] Dravid once again set up a record breaking partnership that
resulted in 318 runs, the first ever three hundred run partnership in ODI history, with
Sourav Ganguly leading India to a 157-run win.[94] Dravid scored 145 runs from 129
balls with 17 fours and a six, becoming the second batsman in World Cup history to
hit back-to-back hundreds.[95] Dravid scored a fifty in the last group match as India
defeated England to advance to the Super Six stage.[96] Dravid scored 2, 61, and 29 in
the three Super Six matches against Australia, Pakistan & New Zealand
respectively.[88] India failed to qualify for the semi-finals, having lost to Australia and
New Zealand. They achieved a consolation victory against Pakistan in a tense game
that took place during the Kargil War in Kashmir.[89][97][98] Dravid emerged as the
top scorer of the tournament with 461 runs from 8 games at an average of 65.85 and
a strike rate of 85.52.[99]

Dravid's post-World Cup campaign started poorly with only 40 runs scored in 4
games during the Aiwa Cup in August 1999.[40] He soon top-scored for India in two
consecutive limited-overs series – the Singapore Challenge, the highlight being a
hundred in the Final (despite their loss),[100][101] and the DMC Cup, the highlight
being a match winning effort (77 runs, 4 catches) in the series decider for which he
received a man-of-the-match award.[102][103] Dravid topped the international runs
chart for the 1999 cricket season across all formats, scoring 782 runs during 19
matches.[104] By now, Dravid had started to keep wickets on an infrequent basis, with
India fielding him as designated wicket-keeper in five out of 10 ODIs played in the
three events.[93]

Dravid began his post-World Cup Test season with a decent outing against New
Zealand in the 3-match home series. His best effort during the series came in the
second innings of the First test at Mohali, where he scored 144 runs, helping India
salvage a draw after being bowled out for 83 runs in the First innings.[105] This was
Dravid's sixth test hundred and his first test hundred in India.[44] Dravid was
successful in the 3–2 series win against New Zealand during the bilateral ODI series,
scoring 240 runs in 5 games at an average of 60 and a strike rate of 83.62, ending as
the second highest scorer in the series.[40][106] His career best effort in ODIs came in
this series in the second game at Hyderabad where he scored run-a-ball 153 runs,
which included fifteen fours and two sixes.[44] He set up a 331-run partnership with
Tendulkar, which was the largest partnership in terms of runs in ODI cricket history,
a record they held for 15 years until it was broken in 2015.[107] In 1999, Dravid scored
1,761 runs in 43 ODIs at an average of 46.34 and a strike rate of 75.16, including 6
hundreds and 8 fifties. He also featured in two 300+-run partnerships.[107][108]
India toured Australia in December 1999 for a 3-match test series and a triangular
ODI tournament. Although Dravid scored a hundred against Tasmania in the practice
match, he underperformed with the bat in the Test series as India lost 0–3. He did
reasonably well in the 1999–2000 Carlton & United Series, scoring 3 fifties in the
triangular event. However, India failed to qualify for the Final of the
tournament.[40][109]

Dravid's poor form in Tests continued as India suffered a 0–2 whitewash against
South Africa in a home series.[40] He had moderate success in the bilateral ODI series
against South Africa. He contributed to India's 3–2 series win with 208 runs at an
average of 41.60, which included 2 fifties and three wickets at an average of 22.66,
topping the bowling average chart for the series.[40][110] His career best bowling
figure of 2/43 from nine overs in the First ODI at Kochi was also the best bowling
figure of any bowler in that particular match.[40][111]

Rise through the ranks

In February 2000, Tendulkar's resignation from captaincy led to the promotion of
Ganguly, the then-vice-captain, as the new captain of the Indian team.[112] In May
2000, while Dravid was busy playing county cricket in England, he was appointed as
the vice-captain of the Asia cup Indian team.[113]

India did well in the 2000 ICC KnockOut Trophy. The Indian team, which had been
involved in a match fixing scandal, defeated Kenya, Australia, and South Africa in
consecutive matches to reach the Finals. India lost to New Zealand in the Finals.[114]
Dravid scored 157 runs in 4 matches of the tournament, at an average of 52.33,
including 2 fifties.[115] He also scored 85 runs in a match against Zimbabwe in the
2000–01 Coca-Cola Champions Trophy while opening the innings but was forced to
miss the rest of the tournament because of an injury.[114]

India kick started the new Test season with a 9-wicket win against Bangladesh.
Dravid played a brisk knock of 41 runs from 49 balls, including five fours and a six,
while chasing a target of 63 runs.[116] The ensuing test series against Zimbabwe was
John Wright's first assignment as Indian coach.[114] Dravid played a role in Wright's
appointment as India's first foreign head coach. Dravid scored 200 not out in the first
inning and 70 not out in the second, leading India to a 9-wicket victory against
Zimbabwe.[114][117] He scored 162 in the drawn Second test to end the series with an
average of 432.00, the highest batting average by an Indian in a series across all
formats.[40][118]
Dravid captained the Indian team for the first time in the fifth match of the bilateral
ODI series against Zimbabwe in the absence of Ganguly, who was serving
suspension.[114] With Agarkar's successful performance, Dravid led India to a 39-run
victory in his maiden ODI as captain.[119]

History at Eden
The Australian team toured India in February 2001.[120] Dravid performed poorly in
the first innings of the First Test but displayed strong resilience in Tendulkar's
company in the second innings. Dravid's 196-ball-long resistance finally ended when
he got out bowled to Warne for 39 runs. Australians extended their winning streak to
16 Tests as they defeated India by 10 wickets in three days.[121][122]

During the Second Test at Eden Gardens, the Australians bowled India out for 171
runs in the first innings and enforced a follow-on after securing a lead of 274 runs. In
the second innings, Laxman, who had scored a fifty in the first innings, was promoted
to the no. 3 position which had been Dravid's usual spot, while Dravid, who had
gotten bowled out to Warne for a second time in a row in the first innings in just 25
runs, was relegated to no. 6 position. When Dravid joined Laxman in the middle on
the third day of the Test the scoreboard read 232/4, with India still needing 42 runs
to avoid an innings defeat.[120][123]

Dravid and Laxman played out the remaining time on the third day and the whole of
the fourth day, denying Australia any wicket on the fourth.[120][124] Eventually,
Laxman got out on the fifth morning, bringing the 376-runs partnership to an end.
Ganguly declared the innings at 657/7, setting Australia a target of 384 runs with 75
overs left in the match.[125][126] India bowled to dismiss Australia for 212 runs in 68.3
overs. India won the match by 171 runs.[127] This was only the third instance of a
team winning a Test after following-on, and India became the second team to do
so.[125]

Dravid scored 81 runs in the first innings of the Third Test and took 4 catches in the
match as India defeated Australia at the series in Chennai 2–1. Dravid scored 80 runs
in the first of the 5-match ODI series at his home ground as India won the match by
60 runs. He underperformed in the remaining 4 ODIs as Australia won the series 3–
2.[40][128] Dravid topped the averages for the 2000-01 Test season with 839 runs in
six matches at an average of 104.87.[129]

Dravid had a decent outing in Zimbabwe, scoring 137 runs from 134 balls in the First
Tour game and aggregating 138 runs at an average of 69.00 from the drawn Test
series.[130][131] In the ensuing triangular ODI series, he aggregated 121 runs from 5
matches at an average of 40.33 and a strike rate of 101.68,[132] the highlight being an
unbeaten 72 off 64 balls, while chasing a target of 235 against Zimbabwe in the 3rd
match of the series, leading India to a 4-wicket win with four balls to spare. He was
adjudged man of the match.[133]

On the next tour to Sri Lanka, India lost the first three matches of the triangular
event. In the absence of the suspended Ganguly, Dravid captained the side in the 4th
match leading them to their first victory of the series. India won the next two matches
to qualify for the Final. Dravid played crucial innings in all three victories.
Eventually, India lost the Final to Sri Lanka.[134] He top scored for India in the series
with 259 runs from seven matches at an average of 51.80 and a strike rate of
59.81.[135] Reinstated to his usual no. 3 position in the absence of the injured
Laxman, Dravid top scored for India in the ensuing 3-Test series as well with 235
runs at an average of 47.00. Dravid scored 75 runs in the fourth innings chase of the
Second Test – a crucial contribution to India's first Test win in Sri Lanka since 1993,
despite the absence of key players like Tendulkar, Laxman, Srinath and
Kumble.[134][136][137]

Dravid had decent success in Standard Bank tri-series in the South Africa tour,
scoring 214 runs (including 3 fifties) at an average of 53.50 and a strike rate of
71.81.[49] He also kept wickets in the final two ODIs of the series, effecting 3
stumpings.[93] The highlight for Dravid in the ensuing Test series came in the second
innings of the Second Test. India, having failed to last a hundred overs in any of the
previous three innings in the series, needed to bat out four sessions in the Second
Test to win the match. They started by not performing successfully, losing their first
wicket in the first over with no runs scored. However, Dravid forged a partnership of
171 runs with Dasgupta that lasted for 83.2 overs, taking India to the brink of safety.
Poor weather helped India salvage a draw as only 96.2 overs could be bowled in the
innings.[138][139][140] Dravid captained the team in the 'unofficial' Third test in the
absence of injured Ganguly, which India lost by an innings margin.[141][142]

By the end of the South African tour, Dravid had started experiencing problems with
his right shoulder. Although he played the ensuing home test series against England,
he pulled out of the six-match bilateral ODI series to undergo a shoulder
rehabilitation program in South Africa. He returned for Zimbabwe's tour of India but
performed below par, scoring a fifty each in the Test series and the bilateral ODI
series.[40][142]

2002–2006: Peak years

Dravid hit the peak form of his career in 2002.[143] Between the 2002 and the 2006
series, Dravid was the second-highest scorer overall and top scorer for India across
formats, scoring 8,914 runs from 174 matches at an average of 54.02, including 19
hundreds.[144]

Dravid had a successful outing in the West Indies in 2002. The highlights for him
included hitting a hundred with a swollen jaw and helping India avoid the follow-on
at Georgetown in the drawn First Test.[145] Contributing with a fifty and four catches
to India's victory in the Second Test at the Port of Spain – India's first Test victory in
the West Indies since 1975–76[40][146] – and another fifty in the drawn Fourth Test
with a wicket to boot, that of Ridley Jacobs who was batting on 118.[147] This was
Dravid's only wicket in Test cricket.[40] He played as India's designated keeper in the
ODI series but didn't contribute much with the bat in the 2–1 series win.[40][93]

A quartet of hundreds
India's tour of England in 2002 started with a triangular ODI event involving India,
England and Sri Lanka. India emerged as the winner of the series, defeating England
in the Final – their first victory after nine consecutive defeats in one-day
finals.[148][149] Dravid played as designated keeper in six out of seven matches,
effecting nine dismissals (6 catches, 3 stumpings) – the most by a keeper in the
series.[150] He also performed well with the bat, aggregating 245 runs at an average of
49.00, including three fifties.[49] His performance against Sri Lanka in the fourth
ODI (64 runs, 1 catch) earned him a man of the match award.[151]

India lost the first of the four match Test series. Having conceded a 260 runs lead in
the first innings of the Second Test at Nottingham, the Indian team was in a spot of
bother. However, Dravid led the fightback in the second innings with a hundred runs
scored as the Indian team managed to earn a draw.[152]

Ganguly won the toss in the Third Test and decided to bat first on an overcast
morning at Headingley, on a pitch known to be traditionally conducive for fast and
swing bowling.[152] Having lost an early wicket, Dravid weathered the storm in the
company of Sanjay Bangar.[153] They played cautiously, taking body blows on a pitch
with uneven bounce. Dravid completed his second hundred of the series in the
process.[152][153] The Indian team declared the innings on 628/8 and then bowled
England out twice to register their first test victory in England since 1986.[152][154]
Despite being outscored by Tendulkar, Dravid was named man of the match for his
efforts.[152][153] Dravid scored a double hundred in the drawn Fourth Test and earned
his second consecutive man of the match award of the series.[155] Christopher
Martin-Jenkins noted during the Fourth Test:[152]
 If a Martian were to land on Earth now and be told that the best batsman in
the world was playing in this match, he would think it was Rahul Dravid and
not Sachin Tendulkar.

Dravid aggregated 602 runs in the series from four matches at an average of 100.33,
including three hundreds and a fifty, and was adjudged joint man of the series along
with Michael Vaughan.[49][155]

India jointly shared the 2002 ICC Champions Trophy with Sri Lanka.[156] Dravid
contributed to India's successful campaign with 120 runs at an average of 60.00 and
five dismissals behind the wicket.[40] Dravid scored a hundred in the First Test of the
three match home series against the West Indies, becoming the first Indian batsman
to score hundreds in four consecutive Test innings, but had to retire soon after owing
to severe cramps.[157] Dravid performed well in the subsequent bilateral 7-match ODI
series aggregating 300 runs at an average of 75.00 and a strike rate of 89.82,
including a hundred and two fifties.[49] He also effected 7 dismissals (6 catches, 1
stumping) in the series.[158] India was trailing 1–2 and needed 325 runs to win the
Fourth ODI and level the series. Dravid scored a hundred, leading India to a
successful chase. He once again scored a crucial fifty in the Sixth ODI as India once
again leveled the series after trailing 2–3. India, however, lost the last match to lose
the series 3–4.[40][159]

Dravid top scored for India in the two-match Test series in New Zealand as India's
team slumped to a whitewash.[160][161] He played as designated keeper in six of the 7-
match bilateral ODI series and effected seven dismissals but fared poorly with the bat
as India was handed a 2-5 drubbing by New Zealand.[40][161]

2003 Cricket World Cup

Dravid arrived in South Africa with the Indian squad to participate in the 2003
Cricket World Cup in the capacity of first-choice keeper-batsman as part of their
seven batsmen-four bowlers strategy – an experiment that had brought success to
the team during the prior year. The idea was that making Dravid keep wickets
allowed India to accommodate an extra specialist batsman. The strategy worked well
for India in the World Cup. India recovered from a less than convincing victory
against the Netherlands and a loss to Australia in the league stage, winning eight
consecutive matches to qualify for the World Cup Finals for the first time since
1983.[162][163] India eventually lost the Final to Australia, finishing as runner-up in
the tournament.[164] Dravid contributed to India's campaign with 318 runs at an
average of 63.60 and 16 dismissals (15 catches, 1 stumping).[49][158] Highlights for
Dravid in the tournament included a fifty against England, 44 not out against
Pakistan in a successful chase, and an undefeated fifty in another successful chase
against New Zealand.[40][164]

Dravid topped the international runs chart for the 2003-04 cricket season across
formats, aggregating 1,993 runs from 31 matches at an average of 64.29, including
three double hundreds.[44][165] The first match involved India and New Zealand, in
the first of the two-test home series at Ahmedabad. Dravid scored 222 runs in the
first innings and 73 runs in the second innings, receiving a man of the match award
for his efforts. Dravid captained the Indian Test Team for the first time in the second
game of the series at Mohali in the absence of Ganguly. Both matches ended in
draws.[55][166] Dravid top scored in the series with 313 runs at an average of
78.25.[167] India next participated in the TVS cup alongside New Zealand and
Australia. India lost to Australia in the Final. Dravid scored two fifties in the series
but the highlight was his fifty against New Zealand in the ninth match that came in
just 22 balls – the second fastest fifty by an Indian.[40][168]

An Eden encore

"Rahul batted like God".

Sourav Ganguly, after Indian victory in the Adelaide Test.[169]

After earning a draw in the first of the four-match Test series in Australia, the Indian
team found itself reeling at 85/4 in the Second Test at Adelaide, after Australia had
piled 556 runs in the first innings when Laxman joined Dravid in the middle.[170]
They batted for 93.5 overs, bringing about their second 300-run partnership, adding
303 runs together before Laxman perished for 148 runs.[171] However, Dravid
continued to complete his second double hundred of the season.[40] He was the last
man out for 233 runs as India conceded a marginal first innings lead of 33 runs to
Australia. India bowled Australia out for a score of only 196, with the help of
Agarkar's six-wicket haul, and were set a target of 230 runs to win the match.[172]
Dravid scored a fifty as India registered their first test victory in Australia since the
1980–81 season, reaching 1–0 in the series.[173] This was the first time that
Australians were 0–1 down in a home series since 1994.[174] Dravid won the man of
the match award for his efforts.[55] He registered a score of ninety each in the next
two tests, as Australia leveled the series to 1–1.[40] Dravid top scored for India in the
series with 619 runs at an average of 123.80 and was awarded player of the series for
his efforts.[175]
Dravid performed moderately well in the ensuing VB series with three fifties in the
league stage, all of which came in winning cause. However, India lost the best-of-
three finals to Australia 2–0.[40] Dravid was fined half his match fee for applying
cough lozenge on the ball during a match in the series against Zimbabwe – an act that
was claimed was an innocent mistake.[170]

India visited Pakistan in March 2004 to participate in a bilateral Test series for the
first time since the 1989–90 season.[176] Prior to the Test series, India played and
won the 5-match ODI series 3–2.[40] Dravid top scored for India in the series with
248 runs at an average of 62.00 and a strike rate of 73.59, and effected four
dismissals (3 catches, 1 stumping).[177][158] His contributions included 99 runs in the
First ODI and a fifty during a successful chase in the Fourth ODI.[40]

Dravid captained India in the first two of the ensuing three-match test series in the
absence of Ganguly, who was injured, and led India to their first-ever Test victory in
Pakistan. In only his second test as the team's captain, Dravid took a controversial
decision during the First Test at Multan, declaring Indian innings at the fall of the
fifth wicket, with the scoreboard reading 675/5 and Tendulkar unbeaten at 194, just
six runs shy of a double hundred. He wanted to play against the exhausted Pakistani
batsmen, who had been on the field for 150+ overs, in the final hour of the second
day's play. While some praised the "team-before-personal-milestones" approach of
the Indian captain, others criticized Dravid's timing of declaration as there were no
pressing concerns and there was ample time left in the match to try to bowl Pakistan
out twice. While Tendulkar was admittedly disappointed, both he and Dravid and the
team's management denied any rumours of a rift between them, and claimed that the
matter had been discussed and sorted amicably behind closed doors. India eventually
went on to win the match by an innings margin. Pakistan leveled the series, defeating
India in the Second Test. Dravid scored a double hundred in the Third Test at
Rawalpindi – his third double hundred of the season. He scored 270 runs – his career
best performance – before playing a reverse sweep, trying to force the pace. India
went on to win the match and the series – their first series victory outside India since
1993 and first victory ever in Pakistan. Dravid was adjudged man of the match for his
effort. He topped the international averages for 2003-04 Test season with 1,241 runs
from nine tests at an average of 95.46.

India reached the Finals of the 2004 Asia Cup, where they lost to Sri Lanka. Dravid
scored a hundred against the U.A.E., which earned him a man of the match award,
and a fifty against Sri Lanka in the tournament along with five dismissals behind the
wicket. He did not make any significant contribution with the bat in the ensuing
Videocon Cup, but scored a fifty in the 3-match bilateral ODI series in England and
top scored for India in the failed campaign at the 2004 ICC Champion's Trophy.
Dravid did not perform well in the ensuing Border-Gavaskar Trophy at home, scoring
only one fifty in four matches as India went on to lose the series, but contributed two
fifties to India's 1–0 victory in the 2-match home test series against South Africa.
Sandwiched between the two test series, India played a solitary ODI against Pakistan
at home to mark the 75th anniversary of the Board of Control for Cricket in India.
The match turned out to be Dravid's last ODI as the designated wicket keeper. In all,
Dravid effected 84 dismissals (71 catches, 13 stumpings) in 73 matches as India's
designated keeper, which is the fourth highest score behind Dhoni, Mongia and
More. Dravid had a good outing in Bangladesh, where he scored a hundred in the
Test series and two fifties in the ODI series, with India winning both series.

In 2005, Dravid represented Asia XI against the ICC World XI at the World Cricket
Tsunami Appeal. He top scored for Asia XI with a fifty but could not take his team to
victory against the ICC World XI. Pakistan visited India in March 2005 for bilateral a
Test and ODI series. Dravid scored two hundreds and a fifty in the 3-match Test
series as both teams drew the series 1-1. He scored both hundreds during the Second
Test (110 in First innings and 135 in Second innings), making him only the second
Indian and ninth person to have scored two hundreds in the same test on two or
more occasions. Dravid earned this match's man of the match award for his
performance. Dravid topped the runs chart in the 6-match ODI series with 308 runs
at an average of 51.33 and a strike rate of 80.00, including a hundred and two fifties.
He also captained the team in the final two ODIs in the absence of Ganguly but could
not prevent his team from losing 2–4 against Pakistan.

Captaincy
Dravid was appointed as captain of the Indian team for the 2007 World Cup, during
which India was defeated.

During India's unsuccessful tour of England in

2011, in which their 4–0 loss cost them the top
rank in Test cricket, Dravid scored three
centuries.

2011 Tour of England

Having regained his form on the tour to the West
Dravid fielding during a Test match
Indies, where he scored a match-winning
against Sri Lanka in Galle in 2008.
hundred in Sabina park, Jamaica, Dravid then
toured England in what was billed as the series
that would decide the World No. 1 ranking in tests. In the first test at Lord's, in reply
to England's 474, Dravid scored an undefeated
103, his first hundred at the ground where he
debuted in 1996. He received scant support from
his teammates as India's team was bowled out for
286 and lost the test.[178] The second test at
Trentbridge in Nottingham again saw Dravid in
successful form. Sent out to open the batting in
place of an injured Gautam Gambhir, he scored
his second successive hundred. His score of 117
again did not secure the team's victory, as a
Dravid batting against Australia at
collapse of 6 wickets for 21 runs in the first the MCG
innings led to a defeat by 319 runs.[179] Dravid
failed in both innings in the third test at
Birmingham, as India lost by an innings and 242 runs, one of the heaviest defeats in
their history.[180] However, during the fourth and final match at The Oval, he opened
the batting in place of Gambhir, and scored an undefeated 146 out of India's total of
300, carrying his bat through the innings. Once again, though, his efforts were in vain
as India lost the match in a 0–4 whitewash.[181] In total, he scored 461 runs in the
four matches at an average of 76.83 with three hundreds. He accounted for over 26%
of India's runs in the series and was named India's man of the series by English coach
Andy Flower. Dravid's performance in the series was met with admiration.[182][183]

Retirement
Rahul Dravid was dropped from the ODI team in 2009, but was selected again for an
ODI series in England in 2011, surprising even Dravid himself since, although he had
not officially retired from ODI cricket, he had not expected to be
recalled.[184][185][186] After being selected, he announced that he would retire from
ODI cricket after the series.[184] He played his last ODI innings against England at
Sophia Gardens, Cardiff, on 16 September 2011, scoring 69 runs from 79 balls before
being bowled by Graeme Swann.[187] His last limited-overs international match was
his debut T20I match; he announced his retirement before playing his first T20I
match.[188]

Dravid announced his retirement from

Test and domestic cricket on 9 March My approach to cricket has been
2012, after the 2011–12 tour of reasonably simple: it was about giving
Australia, but he said that he would everything to the team, it was about
captain the Rajasthan Royals in the playing with dignity, and it was about
upholding the spirit of the game. I hope
2012 Indian Premier League. He was I have done some of that. I have failed
the second-highest run scorer and had at times, but I have never stopped
taken the highest number of catches in trying. It is why I leave with sadness
Test cricket at the time of his but also with pride
retirement.[190]
– Dravid, at his retirement speech,
In July 2014, he played for the MCC
March 2012[189]
side in the Bicentenary Celebration
match at Lord's.[191]

Coaching
Towards the end of his playing career, Dravid took on a role as mentor to the
Rajasthan Royals' IPL team in 2014.[192] During this time, he also became involved
with the Indian national team, serving as mentor during the team's tour of England
in 2014.[193] After leading the Royals to a third-place finish in the 2015 IPL season, he
was appointed as the head coach of the India U-19 and India A teams.[194] Dravid
achieved success as coach, with the U-19s reaching the finals of the 2016 U-19 Cricket
World Cup. Two years later, the team went on to win the 2018 U-19 Cricket World
Cup, defeating Australia by 8 wickets to win their fourth Under-19 World Cup, the
most by any national side.[195] Dravid was credited with training future national team
players including Rishabh Pant, Ishan Kishan and Washington Sundar.[196]
Alongside his coaching roles, Dravid took on several mentor roles, including at the
Delhi Daredevils IPL team.[197]

In July 2019, following his four-year stint as coach of the junior teams, Dravid was
appointed Head of Cricket at the National Cricket Academy (NCA).[198] He was in
charge of "overseeing all cricket related activities at NCA was involved in mentoring,
coaching, training and motivating players, coaches and support staff at the NCA". As
head of NCA, he was praised for maintaining the senior team and revamping player
fitness and rehabilitation regiments.[199][200]

In November 2021, he was appointed as head coach of the Indian national cricket
team.[201]

County stint
Dravid had always been keen on further honing his batting skills in testing English
conditions by playing in county cricket. He had discussed the prospects regarding the
same with former New Zealand cricketer and incumbent Kent coach John Wright
during India's 1998–99 tour of New Zealand. Wright was particularly impressed with
Dravid's performance on that tour, especially with his twin hundreds at Hamilton.
The talks finally materialized and Dravid made his county debut for Kent in April
2000. His co-debutante Ganguly made his county debuted in the same match, albeit
for the opposite team.[202]

Kent's offer had come as a welcome change for Dravid. There was too much
negativity surrounding Indian cricket marred by the match fixing controversy. Dravid
himself had been struggling to score runs in Tests for a while.[40] The county stint
gave him a chance to "get away to a new environment" and "relax". The wide variety
of pitches and weather conditions in England and a full season of intense county
cricket against professional cricketers gave him a chance to further his cricketing
training.[202]

In his 2nd game for Kent, Dravid scored a 182 runs, propelling them to an innings
and a 163-runs victory over the touring Zimbabwe team.[203] Out of 7 first class tour
games that Zimbabwe played on that tour, Kent was the only team that defeated
them. Dravid hit another fifty runs in a draw against Surrey. The newly appointed
vice-captain had to leave the county championship temporarily, missing two
championship games and two one-day games, to fulfill his national commitment. The
Indian team, Dravid included, fared poorly in the Asia Cup and failed to qualify for
the Final. Subsequently, Dravid returned to England to resume his county sojourn
with Kent.[40][202]

In July 2000, Kent's away match against Hampshire at Portsmouth was billed as a
showdown between two great cricketers – Warne and Dravid. Dravid came out on
top. On a dustbowl, tailor-made to suit home team spinners, Warne took 4 wickets
but could not take Dravid's. Coming in to bat at 15/2, Dravid faced 295 balls, scoring
137 runs – his maiden hundred in county championships. Dravid scored 73 not out in
the second innings, leading Kent to a six wicket victory as Warne went wicketless.

In their last county game of the season, Kent needed one bonus point to prevent
themselves from being relegated to the Second Division. Dravid made sure they
stayed put in the First Division by winning the necessary bonus point with an inning
of 77 runs.

Dravid concluded a successful stint with Kent, aggregating 1,221 runs from 16 first-
class matches (15 county games and 1 tour game against Zimbabwe) at an average of
55.50, including 2 hundreds and 8 fifties. He shouldered Kent's batting single-
handedly as the second best Kent batsman. Dravid contributed to Kent's county
campaign not only with the bat but also with his fielding and bowling, taking 14
catches and 4 wickets at an average of 32.00.

Indian Premier League and Champions League

Rahul Dravid played for Royal Challengers
Bangalore in IPL 2008, 2009 and 2010. Later he
played for the Rajasthan Royals and led them to
the finals of Champions League T20 in 2013, and
play-offs of the Indian Premier League in 2013.
Dravid announced retirement from Twenty20
after playing the 2013 Champions League
Twenty20 in September–October 2013.[208][209]
Dravid with RR teammate Shane
Warne Playing style
Dravid is known for his
technique, and has been one RS Dravid's record in Twenty20 matches[204]
of the most successful League Matches Runs HS 100s 50s Avg.
batsmen of the Indian cricket
[210] T20I[205] 1 31 31 0 0 31.00
team. Early in his career,
[206] 89 2174 75* 0 11 28.23
he was known as a defensive IPL
batsman who was best at CLT20[207] 15 282 71 0 1 23.50
playing Test cricket, and was
dropped from the ODI squad due to a low strike rate. However, he later scored
improved his ability to score well in ODIs, earning him the ICC Player of the Year
award.[211] His nickname of 'The Wall' in Reebok advertisements is now used as his
nickname. Dravid has scored 36 centuries in Test cricket, with an average of 52.31;
this includes five double centuries. In one-dayers, he averaged 39.16, with a strike
rate of 71.23.[212] He is one of the few Indians whose Test average is better while
playing away than at home, averaging almost five runs more on foreign pitches.[213]
As of 23 September 2010, Dravid's Test average abroad is 55.53, while his Test
average at home is 50.76;[213] his ODI average abroad is 37.93[214] and his ODI
average at home is 43.11.[215] Dravid averages 66.34 runs in Indian Test victories.[216]
and 50.69 runs in ODIs.[217]

Dravid's sole Test wicket was of Ridley

Jacobs in the fourth Test match against
the West Indies during the 2001–2002
series.[219] Dravid often kept wickets You cannot give him any bad balls or
for India in ODIs.[220] anything to get off strike... just
pressure him early in the right spot. He
Dravid was involved in two of the is not like the other guys who love
largest partnerships in ODIs: a 318-run scoring off every ball, and there is no
partnership with Sourav Ganguly, the real weakness in his game either. He is
first pair to combine for a 300-run mentally strong. You have just got to
partnership,[221] and a 331-run bowl well to him early on because he
partnership with Sachin Tendulkar, gets himself really set for a big innings
which is a world record.[222] He also once he is in
holds the record for the greatest
number of innings played since debut – Glenn McGrath on how to approach
before being dismissed for a duck. His Dravid, while speaking to The Daily
highest scores in ODIs and Tests are Telegraph, December 2003[218]
153 and 270, respectively.[223]

He was named one of the

Wisden Cricketers of the Year
in 2000.[224] Though primarily
a defensive batsman, Dravid
scored 50 runs not out in 22
balls (a strike rate of 227.27)
against New Zealand in
Hyderabad on 15 November
An innings-by-innings breakdown of Dravid's Test match 2003, the second fastest 50
batting career, showing runs scored (red bars with purple among Indian batsmen.[225]
bars for not out) and the average of the last ten innings
(blue line). In 2004, Dravid was awarded
the Padma Shri by the
Government of India.[226] On 7
September 2004, he was awarded the inaugural Player of the year award and the Test
player of the year award by the International Cricket Council (ICC).[227]

After reaching the 10,000 Test runs

milestone, he said, "It's a proud Indian people love to give their cricket
moment for sure. For me, growing up, I heroes a nickname. As these things go,
dreamt of playing for India. When I Rahul Dravid being known as 'The
look back, I probably exceeded my Wall' is pretty much spot on. 'The
expectations with what I have done fortress' could also describe Rahul.
over the last 10 to 12 years. I never had Because once, Dravid was set, you
an ambition to do it because I never needed the bowling equivalent of a
believed – it is just a reflection of my dozen cannon firing all at once to blast
longevity in the game."[229] him down

Dravid is also one of only two batsmen – Legendary Australian spinner Shane
to score 10,000 runs at a single batting Warne, December 2008[228]
position and is the fourth highest run
scorer in Test cricket, behind
Tendulkar, Ponting and Kallis.[230]

Controversies

Ball-tampering incident
In January 2004, Dravid was found guilty of ball tampering during an ODI with
Zimbabwe. Match referee Clive Lloyd adjudged the application of an energy sweet to
the ball as a deliberate offence, although Dravid himself denied this was his
intent.[231] Lloyd emphasised that television footage caught Dravid putting a lozenge
on the ball during the Zimbabwean innings on Tuesday night at the Gabba.[231]
According to the ICC's Code of Conduct, players are not allowed to apply substances
to a ball other than sweat and saliva.[231] Dravid was fined half of his match fee.[231]

Indian coach John Wright defended Dravid, stating that "It was an innocent
mistake". Wright argued that Dravid had been trying to apply saliva to the ball when
parts of a losenge he had been chewing stuck to the ball; Dravid then tried to wipe it
off.[232] ICC regulations prevented Dravid from commenting about the issue, but
former Indian captain Sourav Ganguly also stated that Dravid's act was "just an
accident".[232]

Captaincy
Rahul Dravid has had a mixed record when leading India in Tests.

One of Dravid's most debated decisions was taken in March 2004, when he was
standing in as the captain for injured Sourav Ganguly. India's first innings was
declared at a point when Sachin Tendulkar was at 194 runs not out with 16 overs
remaining on Day 2. In this test match Sehwag scored a triple century for the first
time in his career. He became the first Indian to score a triple century in test cricket
with a score of 309.[233]
In March 2006, India lost the Mumbai Test, giving England its first Test victory in
India since 1985, enabling it to draw the series 1–1. Some argued that the defeat in
Mumbai the result of Dravid's decision to bowl first on a flat dry pitch, which later
deteriorated and ended with an Indian collapse in the run chase. Coincidentally, it
was Dravid's 100th test match in which the Indians were all out for 100 runs in the
second innings.

After India failed to qualify for the final of the DLF Cup, Dravid, the skipper, was
criticised by former all-rounder Ravi Shastri who said that he was not assertive
enough and allowed Greg Chappell make too many decisions.[234] When asked for a
response, Dravid said that Shastri, while a 'fair critic', was 'not privy' to the internal
decision-making process of the team.[235]

He was criticised by Vijay Mallya for not correctly balancing his team after his then-
IPL team Royal Challengers Bangalore finished seventh out of the eight teams that
participated in the 2008 season.[236]

Achievements and awards

National honours
1998 – Arjuna Award recipient for
achievements in cricket[237]
2004 – Padma Shri – India's fourth highest
civilian award[238]
2013 – Padma Bhushan – India's third highest
civilian award

Other honours
President Pranab Mukherjee
1999 – CEAT International Cricketer of the
presenting the Padma Bhushan to
World Cup[239]
Dravid, c. 2013.
2000 – Dravid was one of the five cricketers
selected as Wisden Cricketer of the Year.[240]
2004 – ICC Cricketer of the year – Highest award in the ICC listings[241]
2004 – ICC Test Player of The Year, ICC Cricketer of The Year[241]
2004 – MTV Youth Icon of the Year[242]
2006 – Captain of the ICC's Test Team[243]
 2011 – NDTV Indian of the Year's Lifetime Achievement Award with Dev
Anand[244]
2012 – Don Bradman Award with Glenn McGrath[245]
2015 – Wisden India's Highest Impact Test Batsman[246]
2018 – ICC Hall of Fame[247][21]

Personal life

Family
On 4 May 2003, Dravid married Vijeta Pendharkar, a surgeon from Nagpur.[248]
Vijeta Pendharkar is from the Deshastha Brahmin community, of which Dravid is
also a part of.[22] They have two children: Samit, born in 2005,[249] and Anvay, born
in 2009.[250] Dravid is fluent in Marathi, Hindi, Kannada and English.

Commercial endorsements
Rahul Dravid has been sponsored by several brands throughout his career, including
Reebok (1996 – present),[251] Pepsi (1997 – present),[252] Kissan (Unknown),[253]
Castrol (2001 – present),[254] Hutch (2003),[255][256] Karnataka Tourism
(2004),[257] Max Life (2005 – present),[258] Bank of Baroda (2005 – present),[259]
Citizen (2006 – present),[260] Skyline Construction (2006 – present),[261] Sansui
(2007),[262] Gillette (2007 – present),[263] Samsung (2002[264] – 2004[265]), World
Trade Center Noida (2013– present),[266] CRED (2021-present).

Social commitments
Children's Movement for Civic Awareness (CMCA)[267][268]
UNICEF Supporter and AIDS Awareness Campaign[269]

Biographies

Books
Four biographies have been written on Rahul Dravid and his career:

Rahul Dravid – A Biography written by Vedam Jaishankar (ISBN 978-81-7476-

481-2). Publisher: UBSPD Publications. Date: January 2004[270]
 The Nice Guy Who Finished First written by Devendra Prabhudesai. Publisher:
Rupa Publications. Date: November 2005[271]
A collection of articles, testimonials and interviews related to Dravid was released
by ESPNcricinfo following his retirement. The book was titled Rahul Dravid:
Timeless Steel.

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External links
Official website (http://www.rahuldravid.com/)
Rahul Dravid (https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/28114.html) at
ESPNcricinfo
Rahul Dravid (https://cricket.yahoo.com/player-profile/Rahul-Dravid_1004) at
Yahoo! Cricket

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